4D Printing is the Future of Design
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 27 ส.ค. 2013
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That's right, it's one D better! Actually, 4D printing is about using a 3D printer to produce self-reconfiguring, programmable material that intelligently arranges itself into basically any object -- with no computers or electricity required! Skylar Tibbits, an MIT researcher, has already developed prototypes from his self-assembly lab. And this is just the beginning - from skyscrapers to space stations, the promises of 4D printing are amazing.
How would you use 4D Printing? Let us know in the comments below!
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[TRANSCRIPT]:
Some assembly required may soon be replaced with "Just Add Water."
3D printers. I never get tired of thinking about all the possible applications, like building a brand new coffee table, or building a brand new 3D printer, or finally getting that Strickland action figure everyone's been asking for. But all of these great products have one thing in common - rigidity. That means they're going to keep that shape once I print them, unless I take a flamethrower to them, or maybe a hacksaw. But the advent of something called 4D printing could turn all of that on its head! That's right, it's one "D" better!
Actually, it's not just a catch phrase, 4D printing is really about using a 3D printer to print out self-reconfiguring, programmable material. Now imagine this. You have a non-living object that can change its shape and behavior over time. It's kind of like a robot, but there are no microprocessors, no circuit boards no motors - in fact to you it looks like a string of plastic. But you toss it into a kiddie pool, and upon contact with water you now have a secret message spelled out in plastic cursive!
Skylar Tibbits, the man who really came up with this idea of 4D printing, has gone even further. He's created programmable sheet material. It's a sheet of plastic that, when submerged in water, can clench up into the shape of a cube. And a cube is just the beginning! More complex designs will mean millions of more shapes - like self-folding origami!
In the near future, imagine a smart grid of plumbing, with pipes that can actually expand and contract in response to water demand. Or maybe even heal if there is a frozen segment that breaks open. Or imagine self assembling furniture. Print out a flat board and just add water, next thing you know it curls up into a rocking chair. Now, wrap your mind around how useful this would be in a really hostile environment, like low Earth orbit, where building stuff comes at a high cost and a high risk.
Now the prototypes we have seen so far have been pretty simple, but the promises are amazing! Think about it on the really big scale. What about skyscrapers and bridges. If we could make them out of smart materials like smart beams and smart bricks, they could heal themselves after weather damage or prepare for something massive like an earthquake.
Or we flip it. We go on to the very small scale and now we have micro particles moving around in our bodies, maintaining our health. You might be wondering, how much complexity can build up our of stuff that changes its shape without computers or electromechanical motors. Lets think about proteins for a second. Proteins are pretty much what make any basic animal function possible on a cellular level. And a protein is really self-reconfiguring material. It's a polypeptide. It's a long chain of amino acids. So once again we're playing Copy Cat to mother nature.
Now lets not get ahead of ourselves, I'm not actually suggesting that we're going to be printing out some sort of plastic replicant that can gain self-awareness and yearn for more life But maybe we will. In fact, it's hard for us to predict right now. We're just seeing the very beginning of this technology, and the complexity could become truly amazing.
So, how would you use 4D printing? Let us know! Leave a comment below, we promise we're going to read every single one of them and while your there why don't you "like" the vide if you enjoyed it, and subscribe, we got some great stuff coming up soon! - วิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี
We will look at this vid 200 years from now and laugh...
and to those who didnt believe us will cry and we shall drink there tears
jeremiah walcott You....I like you.
especially since we'll be Watering your plants with Gatorade asking, what the hell is water the stuff in the toilet
If TH-cam is even around in 200 years. Or the internet as we know it. This stuff will be so laughably obsolete then.
Humans are too optimistic of the future.
Take back to the future for example. People thought we would have hover boards and flying cars and all sorts of things in 2015. But no, there is nothing of the sort (except from electromagnetic repulsion).
So how does this print in 4 dimensions?
Can it print a physical tesseract? No? Well, it's not printing in 4D, then.
Sure, I can't argue against the fact this is badass - but it's not 4D. It's just a 3D shape that changes in 3D.
the 4th dimension is time.
Mridul
its both. it can refer to both time in Einsteins special relativity theory, or polytopes that Vehementi refers to. for example a tesseract is a "simple" 4 dimensional cube. so what Vehementi says is actually correct. no 4D printer here... only 3D
5D is a tesseract im sorry
Pivotal Axe No, a 5D cube is a penteract...
Pivotal Axe Wikipedia: In geometry, the tesseract, also called an 8-cell or regular octachoron or cubic prism, is the four-dimensional analog of the cube
I can 3D print a clock. THERE! 4D printing!
NO! No you didn't
4D print, that is
hahahaha
No you fan't
Somerandom Guy r/whooosh
4D printing is ahead of its time.
moniker127
Wait till you see my Programmable Bondage Gear. :]
Silas Martyr Sex Robot!
moniker127 Oh, ye of little faith.
Silas Martyr E-PROM Dom?
i think 4d printing is good to nanometer printing. because we know how to print some nanometer layers at large quantity, but not 100 for example. this makes possible to print a sheet that change to a 3d-shape.
this is one step closer to the liquid terminator from terminator 2 xD
Self-solving rubik's cube
I have been following this technology, and it is wonderful. Every journey starts with the first step; we have taken that step
These videos are awsome I was doing and art project, saw a comercial and I was totaly hooked!
Actually it IS just a catchphrase
Wow, it can print through time?
well it take s time to print so yes
***** no, it literally takes time to print
Great video! I just recently discovered your video's and already watched a few, They are pretty interesting info.
Self-storing garden hoses. They would shrink down to tiny shapes when not wet, then expand when water is reintroduced. Self-shaping life rafts for boats. They turn from a folded up shape into a raft when thrown into water.
Water drainage systems in houses that expand when it starts to rain. Or water collectors with similar properties.
Possible uses in hydro-electric dams. Or canals.
High-flood areas could have self-constructing flood-walls.
when i first saw the title i was like what? i can print it yesterday? but then i watched the vid and it's still neat but not as cool as time travel workstations
In the future, everyone owns a 3D printer and instead of going to a store we download schematics online and pay to have material shipped biweekly.
+Robert Reynolds all of the plastic fumes though :/
And what about food? FOOD IS NEEDED!
+DarkNinjaGaming3575 Food is for you organics... us replicators only need more source material. Oh, and algorithm upgrades... for even more ways to make you walking carbon farms finally useful.
vacuum the fumes like you would over a fryer, and you have material shipped to you.. Food can be printed too, it would be a multi material complex structure, which is on the way. You think well always be making simple structures out of plastic?
Robert Reynolds almost everything now is made from plastic, so yes
I love how these shows tell me to imagine something, and then immediately show me an animation of the thing I was suppose to be imaging.
THE FUTURE IS NOW!
This channel is awesome! Keep up with these videos! great work!
The reason it's being called 4D printing is that another concept is being added, not another dimension. It's a misleading title like dark matter or dark energy. There's nothing DARK about them but the names are cool.
TheTriforceofRubiks oh
TheTriforceofRubiks then it most be called 3D1C, "4D" as name in whatever use is just for catch ignorant people atention.
Ofertas Jcm is like the music player devices that were called MP4,it doesn't make sense
TheTriforceofRubiks I don't think it's totally disingenuous - you're creating something that "has" the dimension of time - as in it has a non-trivial structure over the course of time, which is the 4th dimension.
TheTriforceofRubiks Catchy Titles are Catchy :( All for Ad-works :)
Organic, self-building objects. Just add water. This was extremely cool and nicely radical! I♥sci.
love that soothing music in the background
Its pretty amazing technology, very much useful for future concept designs.
Appreciate your efforts.
this is the ancestor of star treks replicator
True
All 3D printing was to me was custom Lego pieces. CUSTOM LEGO PIECES, YOU GUYS!
+Johnny Giddings but what did you build
Andrew Baeza Nothing yet. I was going to build a custom PC-fan-to-Lego thing, and I still might; but Legos alone are serving me well.
that sounds fun
I'm building a lego like system
just because printers don't get the size i like
a twelve inch print bed can't make a 24 inch part unless you piece it up
Absolutely unreal. We will live to see this take off that's the best part.
I've got a job interview in the morning at a 3D printer company.
This really gave me an extra boost
Labelling this "4D" is terrible. It's really a concept of 2D becoming 3D. "4D" is the paranormal dimension. No 3D creatures brain can imagine the 4D universe correctly.
4d is a 3d object moving through time and the fact that it changes form from one second to the nxt kinda shows that so 4d is a pretty good name atleast much better then "a 2d object transforming into a 3d one cuz 4d wouldnt plz this dumbass"
+gamerswag9116 you are incorrect it's not a 4D object 4D is a completely different space of physical dimension. A dimension of different elements.. You're saying it was 4D for a few seconds because it was submerged in water. It's nonsense.
+Mad V We live in 4 dimensions, but one of them is a dimension of time, well the name is a misnomer what you are saying is more inaccurate.
Dog Quick well what you're talking about is a theory. 4D isn't just "Time" the 4D is much more advanced. Time is just a direction when it comes to dimensions Time is also apart of our 3D universe?
people are you even thinking what are you saying? this is already 3d plastic sheet. the only thing that happens is when you add water it changes it's own shape... most likely what happens when you toss water into a paper ball. it's just a transaction from 3d to... another shape of 3d nothing else
This is not 4d printing, this is more along the lines of "living" building materials.
I should add that 4th dimensional building would be creating an object in four dimensions. A thing we, as humans cannot even begin to comprehend because we live and exist in three dimensions.
Brandon Cowan We live in 4, although we can only manipulate 3. Time is considered the 4th dimension,a though we are forced to move along it's ever flowing span. If we could manipulate time, making objects in 4D would become possible!
Sam Taiwo Time is not the fourth dimension; the fourth dimension is a spatial dimension if anything.
MuffinTastic I assume you have never heard of SpaceTime, if you want to argue with likes of Einstien go right ahead. Since it's all theoretical anyways. Although If I had to side with someone, I'll side with the genuis' that dedicated their life to this research.
Sam Taiwo Well, okay yes. Time is probably the 4th dimension, which we live within but do not truly perceive objects in. We can only see the three dimensional shadow of 4 dimensional objects.
Usefull informations mate. Keep up the good work :).
Love your show! This needs to go into the class room, what a great way to promote learning!
Firstly, it should not be called 4D printing. 4D is when you create a material within a material (something u can't see unless u have x-ray). Like a circle inside a circle but in 3D without support inside. Something that is not possible in our 3D world unless we bend space/gravity. Is when an object floating inside an object.
Nevertheless, I like the concept of using a 3D printer to print out self-reconfiguring, programmable material but there should be another name for it. The benefits includes saving space. Imagine parking. Print a car and fold it when you arrive your destination then open again when needed.
the fourth dimension is usually time
amagine this you hire ppl to build you a house they have a truck and theres this black stuff in it thats a sheet and they spread it out on ur property then they pull up this truck that has a pipes above your house they spray some water and then boom it folds into a house then they have smaller sheets for other walls and stairs and maybe even a second floor then they bring in paint littler things like doors and they install pipes that again they only need to add water this idea is amazing
this comment reminds me of a line from a book 46 years ahead of time
+kadarrius jones 88o
This is totally awesome as long as the materials used are helpful to the environment and not creating more plastic. If it can use recycled plastic or something even better enviro-wise, then it will be truly amazing.
I love this series! Keep up the good work! :D
oh yeah, we can spare so much water in the orbit, just submerge everything and done! international space station!
This isn't true 4D printing. It is more like 3.5D printing.
4D would require each transitory stage to continue to exist after the object has passed that transitory stage.
What? That makes no fucking sense. "4D is time. - Stephen Hawking"
CrimsonSkyz Comprehend and stop trying to act smart by quoting smart people: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four-dimensional_space
adamx20 Hypocrite
That would mean that water is the 3.5th dimension... I think... no yes no yes no yes ugh now I'm just confused
You watch too meh Adventure Time
love you for such a nice summary
Great Idea, a basic element can do many things, this is a future now in our hands to help each-other renewing energies and free sources to help the planet.
Thanks.
look up the fortune teller fortune fish this tech has been around since the 50s
***** no it reacted to the moisture sadly mine got wet and it broke :'(
Yup. I have it at home and I've thought of it during the video. But before jumping to 4D i wish we could buy 3D printers first yknow. Like make them really cheap and common.
micanikko
www.mbot3d.com/product-3d-printer/mbot-mini
They already are cheap and common
Dirk Nyhof nitinal wire.. its really not new
Gremlins change also when they get wet.
Love the special effects. Seriously, they're awesome.
It is impressive what can be done with 3D printers, but it is extremely amazing what can be done with 4D printers in the future.
First, I loved the way the video was explained, it was in a very understandable, visual way and the man who was doing it seemed very happy, it really conveyed the emotion of that new technology.
and second, the technology has advanced so much that it is already part of our daily life, so much so that man always seeks to overcome himself and create more and more things that help humanity.
If you could do wonders with 3D printers, with these next 4D printers people can do great things, this is a huge step for humanity and I hope it can come true. I would use it to make components for my computer, some multipurpose tools and many other things, because now our imagination will be our only limit.
I loved the video :)
untangling headphones
So long as you always carry a container of water!
Cord Crunchers are your solution.
flood barriers
oooo, this is a very smart idea
+Jill Stewart This would be so usseful
great video - you concisely make the point
Really interesting video btw. Please keep making these!
How would this "heal" anything? It does not reproduce mass or re-join atoms. You are literally printing an object that has two states: from flat to a non-flat; it does not "heal," more so "fold up a little more." Sending this into space does not make it any more cost-effective because space costs are usually dictated by mass - which does not change for this design.
+aripockily Magic. It's called magic. 5D shapes prited from fairy dust, drown in unicorn tears. All we need is somebody who donate them magic beans.
Damian what the fuck are you on, you ignored my original comment and don't even touch on the aspect of conservation of mass. Get educated or don't have these opinions.
If you put all the molecules of a 4D printer end to end, they`d stretch to the Moon and back anyways. Twice!
Max Warner maybe for small applications, but for space, they need durability and strength. they already have mechanisms that can do this folding.
in terms of costs... applications requiring strength will not use this system. simple folds can be done cheaply with mechanical joints. Assembly for which this product excels in (weak joints) will have no need for shortened assembly time.
aripockily but it can contract to heal the broken parts
1D = forwards and backwards
2D = up and down
3D = Up, down, left, right, side to side
4D = Time :)
4D is not an object or a physical thing, it's time, stephen hawking says this.
it depends. there are different theories you know
isn't it creating something that changes over time? i guess it depends on how you apply the 4th dimension. I also question its use here to a degree.
***** could mean smell instead of shape...
very true! i guess the main thing to take away from this technology is that it's freaking awesome haha! can't wait for the future.
the 4th dimension is not time... time is present in the first 3, 1D is a linear system, 2D is linear and lateral, 3D is Linear, lateral and virtical,,, time is present in all three... so that doesn't follow the patter... we can't see 3D, 3D vision would be like "X-Ray" vision... a 4D shape can not be seen by us nor imagined, however it has a name, the "tesseract" (BTW thats where marvel got the name from)
I'm typically a pretty open-minded guy, but this man... He blows things *_WAAAAAAAAAAAAAY_* out of proportion.
You can also use temperature. Take for example the old carburetor throttle plate bimetallic spring opening the plate when the engine warms.
mmmmmmm more plastic. I guess we don't have enough in the oceans and the atmosphere, and the landfill, and in our bloodstreams... arrogantly bad trend
margarine is only one molecule away from being plastic! mmmm, plastic!
+joseph medina This comment is beyond stupid
Max Wilson thank you for letting me know i got to you & annoyed you so much that you just had to post your $0.02 I can't tell you how many months I've been waiting for you bahaahahaahaaa
need more light every way imaginable Bro I wasn't talking to you. I was talking to OP
need more light every way imaginable Although now I see that you're also an idiot
This is so awesome. My son told me to check this page. Mmm wonder can I remodel my kitchen? Loved and Subbed.
I thought the title was sensational or gimmicky, until you got to the part where you drew a parallel to proteins... Great video and great topic.
Anybody know how the visualisation for the words in the beginning is done? Is there a sowftare or website that does that?
1:00 I remember Buckminster Fuller talking about how we can build homes/buildings of the future like this!
Great video! 4D printing is pretty exciting!
Question: how will 4D printing change/benefit applied magnetic application(s)?
Also the the use of optically and electrically reconfigurable smart inks would allow multiple configurations for far more applications than I could ever think of.
Thanks for very informative video series.
close that expand when wet and contract when dry, ie: when its hot and you sweat they expand to let more air flow, when it rains it will make your shirt expand so that you can take it off without struggle, when its cold and dry they shrink to keep you warm. make them a composite(vertical thread self healing, horizontal thread water proof) water resistant as to wring them out after a rainstorm and have them shrink to reuse to keep warm.
Using electrical current or heat we can also denature material. Great presentation. As a designer this is stimulating. Great job!
I would totally use it to make prototypes of my inventions, a living city, a roaming city, and a computerized refrigerator just to name a few. I really wanna get on at least one of my projects.
Damn! another really nice video. Keep the good work. (I hope that you are still reading all the comments no?)
You could use this for things such as boxes.
Subwoofer boxes could be bought online and shipped in higher quantities with less effort.
besides using water as the catalyst for shape change, what other chemicals can be used to initiate the morphing process? does it have to be a liquid or can it be a gas as well or even another type of solid material? what i'm trying to ask is can the object you make on a 3D printer react one way when you when you put it in water, a second different way with something like liquid nitrogen and a third different way when it's touched by another solid object like plastic, metal, wood, ETC...? this opens up a whole new level. when you use different chemicals as catalysts to the shape change on the same object it can give you different results whether the catalyst is gas, liquid, solid or even a mixed chemical. there's a lot of possibilities here.
These videos deserve way more attention and views than their getting.I really hope that this'll rocket up in the viewer count soon :3
LOVE YOUR VIDEOS CAN YOU DO ONE ON THE VENUS PROJECT OR THE SINGULARITY? THANKS YOU ROCK!
This would be a fantastic artistic medium! OOoooooohhhh, the possibilities! As an artist, I want this so badly. So, so badly. More than anything else. What I wouldn't give.
Ooh I like the space idea.. I hope this is continues to be a reality soon
just by looking at a self-forming cube, it is hard to deduct a beating heart out of it
The worst example of misuse of the other dimensions is an 8D cinema I saw somewhere. It shook you around and blew stuff at you
I like Carlos' idea... WTG!!
I'm thinking of motor bike helmets that you just strap to your forehead then add water and it builds around your specific head shape. Maybe even do full body armor for our army or simply for the recreational purposes. Self repairing cars would be cool...
This is a great development and soon it would be very useful in our daily activities.
I would print out a flat sheet that can contort to a table top gaming board... It would be great if you could send water through different channels and cause the terrain to shift based on the channel utilized. From Snow Landscape to Jungle Landscape.
A House that could fit in a backpack would be pretty cool too. You only need to drape a tarp around it. A Tent for camping would be even better. It might even be easier to assemble in the rain (Not Likely :P)!
3d Printing is fun. I started out with the cloth/plastic printer. But now I want a metal printer so I can print use full parts for building machines. And I would wish it to be much bigger then the little printer I have now.
WOW this is AMAZING....imagine the possibilities for our future and the future of our children!
Subscribed and liked the video, do you think its possible to make it where it can be applied with an environmental suit? or something for a scuba diver?
I like your original theme music in the beginning of videos, can you bring that back!
i loved the Blade Runner reference at the end of the video
can you put up a printable version of the flat box
This is amazing idea! I suggest to create outdoors umbrellas, something like Patio umbrella. We can use it in our gardens or big balconies, in the terrace to protect our outdoors furniture. The bigger project could be a cover for the open station. It could begin unfold itselft when the rain stars and the mach/game would not interrupted. Good luck! ;)
Cool. I've always wanted something that will print time!
As a mechanical engineering student, it's my first time hearing of a 4D printer. It amazes me just thinking about how many problems this 4D Printer can solve. It can probably be taken into the next level too, such as instead of using water, different solution can be used or different chemical. Not only that but we can use material that are temperature/ pressure sensitive so it would change depending on the situation.
If anyone have any information where to learn about this or be a part of a laboratory that are working on, please let me know.
Really sounds interesting. If the process is triggered by some outside event, water heat, etc, what keeps it from reversing with some other stimulus? Imagine driving at 70 MPH and your steering wheel morphs into a gas pedal as you pass an electricity substation.
Can 3d or 4d printing technology help in the field of forensic science?
On a personal scale, I would probably use such a device to print out a practice sword.
3-D printers usually can't build something of that scale, at least not the ones practical for small apartments like mine.
With a 4-D printer, I could print out something that looked like a bare hilt, over time though, the blade would unfold and built itself out. Like a super slow mo lightsaber!
I could also use a full sized punching bag, the sock em bopper on a spring isn't giving me the "oomph" I want.
Given that graphene can take on magnetic qualities, just how much material do you really need for, for example a motorbike?
The frame could self-inflate. Magnetic bearings for the wheels; several square kilometers of graphene super-capacitors to hold power, inflatable tyres, a graphene sheet instead of spokes. Electric motor/dynamo to provide/recover rotational energy from the wheels.
Theres no reason it shouldn't deflate to the size of a coin.
Why is water the activator? What happens when it rains? What stops the activation? Say for instance, my foot is stuck in the way while the box is closing. What happens to my foot?
This looks amazing and it might be pretty usefull, but with that proteins.. they are organic. cannon't it rot or something? Wouldn't that material lose its purpose soon after printed? Just wondering..
Emergency shelter - self inflating four man shelter. Inner & Outer Walls. Flexible Airlock door. Begins capturing atmospheric water as soon as inflated. Air filtration. Photovoltaic surface.
Self-assembling/Dis-assembling Camping Cooker.
Self-assembling/Dis-assembling Tent. Insulated/inflating floor, Built in sleeping bag/Camp Bed.
Hammock, Mosquito Net & Support Frame
Emergency Cast & Splint for broken bones.
Solar Still & Osmotic Water Filter.
Life raft - High Visibility in IR & UV. Automatic Emergency Beacon. Solar Still/sea water filter.
Immersion Suit- High Visibility in IR & UV. Automatic Emergency Beacon..
Wound Dressing - reacts to injury biochemistry - loosens & tightens tourniquet.Either falls look like or returns to small form when healed.
Satellite antenna tracker/up-link
Very small photo-voltaic cells at foci of inflatable elliptical mirrors in self-inflating flexible frame. Sequesters atmospheric water for cooling PVCs & heating water. 'Photo-tropically' reorients to face the Sun. Expands to look like Inverted umbrella. Rolls in a circle to find sun.
Uing photovoltaic cells to track the sun is not helpful. It will use too much energy to push the panel itself. Also, to power a street light you need a 3ish meter solar panel, and thats ine of the best.
OMG the ad for this video was FW:Thinking
Hope to be around when this goes down.
Great video! I have a good question: What is a good company to invest in in respect to 4D Printing?
Thanks.
Mine...and if u got the money we'll be agreed to receive your money...
R Ve hahahaa
what were you printing in the begining
Recently I was doing some research on the so called "Zombie Cells" which are just highly durable and resistant silica biocomposites. They were talking about its possible applications, some of which were biofuels, medicine delivery methods, and even nanotechnology. Which brings me to my question. Could these super resilient cells be used in 4D printing?
I wonder how complex it can make things. How does it compare with claytronics and utility fog?
I dont see how this has anything to do with 3D printing rather than with material science. I for one look forward to heavily recyclable prints and modular print assembly in the future. Also printable electronics are a thing we are about to accomplish soon. So the possibilities for printing are endless and i love it
Can you suggest me any articles about 4D Printing?
Need more viewers man, been here since 200 subs :D
How about this one? :-P Great video too and I just subscribed! Look forward to many more cool vids from you folks!!! :D
wooow.. it's awesome.. it's the first time I've come across something like this.. it seems very promising for the future 🔮
Jacks to lift heavy objects. Add water and lift up cars and houses etc. Shelters for people in harsh environments. Backpackers and hikers can bring them and deploy at moments notice.
That's an interesting concept, I wonder how much force this 'folding' can apply.
Brydon Gibson Only time will tell!
That's a great idea! Constructing it properly, and distributing the force in the right way, there is no problem lifting a car! Nice!
GangstasChoice Thanks! Maybe one day we could see it used.
Its called a jack and a tent, they already exist...