Transcription Termination in Prokaryotes

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  • เผยแพร่เมื่อ 28 เม.ย. 2019
  • Two classes of transcription terminators, Rho-dependent and Rho-independent, have been identified throughout prokaryotic genomes. These widely distributed sequences are responsible for triggering the end of transcription upon normal completion of gene or operon transcription, mediating early termination of transcripts as a means of regulation such as that observed in transcriptional attenuation, and to ensure the termination of runaway transcriptional complexes that manage to escape earlier terminators by chance, which prevents unnecessary energy expenditure for the cell.
    Rho-dependent terminators
    Rho-dependent transcription terminators require a protein called Rho factor, which exhibits RNA helicase activity, to disrupt the mRNA-DNA-RNA polymerase transcriptional complex. Rho-dependent terminators are found in bacteria and phage. The Rho-dependent terminator occurs downstream of translational stop codons and consists of an unstructured, cytosine-rich sequence on the mRNA known as a Rho utilization site (rut) for which a consensus sequence has not been identified, and a downstream transcription stop point (tsp). The rut serves as a mRNA loading site and as an activator for Rho; activation enables Rho to efficiently hydrolyze ATP and translocate down the mRNA while it maintains contact with the rut site. Rho is able to catch up with the RNA polymerase, which is stalled at the downstream tsp sites.[1] Contact between Rho and the RNA polymerase complex stimulates dissociation of the transcriptional complex through a mechanism involving allosteric effects of Rho on RNA polymerase.
    Rho Dependent
    Intrinsic transcription terminators or Rho-independent terminators require the formation of a self-annealing hairpin structure on the elongating transcript, which results in the disruption of the mRNA-DNA-RNA polymerase ternary complex. The terminator sequence in DNA contains a 20 basepair GC-rich region of dyad symmetry followed by a short poly-T tract or "T stretch" which is transcribed to form the terminating hairpin and a 7-9 nucleotide "U tract" respectively.
    The hairpin formation causes RNA polymerase stalling and destabilisation, leading to a greater likelihood that dissociation of the complex will occur at that location due to an increased time spent paused at that site and reduced stability of the complex.

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  • @aitch811
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    @lauramonica6924 4 ปีที่แล้ว +3

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    • @hussainbiology
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      @lauramonica6924 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

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  • @exploringpanda479
    @exploringpanda479 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank you 💗

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    @rushnarafi707 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

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    @RKanda 3 ปีที่แล้ว

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    @justinelecluselle8475 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

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    @partibhapanchal7030 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

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  • @fs5297
    @fs5297 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

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    @UsmanKhalid-xo9bn 8 หลายเดือนก่อน

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    @mairarubab7100 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    excellent animation! hope you get more subs and more students can see it :)

    • @hussainbiology
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    @abels6985 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

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    • @hussainbiology
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    @user-wh5df2cg2q 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

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    @anushaambati1673 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Excellently explained 👍👍

    • @hussainbiology
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      Thanks for appreciation.. keep sharing and supporting ✌️

  • @sanzedtaief
    @sanzedtaief 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    It was really helpful sir, please don’t stop making these videos.

    • @hussainbiology
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      thanks Sanzed for appreciation... Glad it helps

  • @amirap2988
    @amirap2988 ปีที่แล้ว

    slayy this helped a lot thank you

  • @israchan4474
    @israchan4474 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank you sm 💙

  • @zaroonhaider9813
    @zaroonhaider9813 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Excellent explanation❤❤❤❤Lots of prayers and respect❤❤

    • @hussainbiology
      @hussainbiology  3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      thanks for appreciation..Glad to know that it helps ✌️

  • @Hiking_with_her
    @Hiking_with_her ปีที่แล้ว

    Ty !!!

  • @nifatjan7458
    @nifatjan7458 5 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    It helps a loooooooooooooot......thank you sooooooo much sir....

    • @hussainbiology
      @hussainbiology  5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      thanks Nifat for appreciation.....Glad to know that it helps

  • @lakshmeesha.nagendra3542
    @lakshmeesha.nagendra3542 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Well precised explanation sir...thank you sir...

    • @hussainbiology
      @hussainbiology  3 ปีที่แล้ว

      thanks for appreciation..Glad to know that it helps ✌️

  • @die_tolleteekanne2251
    @die_tolleteekanne2251 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Very decent video, thanks alot

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    @daisysviews 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    GREAT VIDEO

  • @rafaqatrehman3883
    @rafaqatrehman3883 5 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Very beneficial

  • @rakatan8930
    @rakatan8930 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank you

  • @dipanshisharma95
    @dipanshisharma95 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    best explanation

  • @hazelmercado6370
    @hazelmercado6370 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    This short video is more helpful than my teacher's two and half hour talk -_- ... Anyways I like your videos very much!

  • @shilpasharma4383
    @shilpasharma4383 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Great work...very informative lecture in just 4 mins...

    • @hussainbiology
      @hussainbiology  2 ปีที่แล้ว

      thanks for appreciation..Glad it helps ✌️

  • @sreenathm7286
    @sreenathm7286 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    2:14, Plandrome is not the appropriate word (reason), it is because of the 2 inverted repeats separated by about 6 bases on 3'-5' strand(RNA template). Your vedios are extremely useful, great job! keeping it up..man!!!

    • @hussainbiology
      @hussainbiology  3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      okay... Thanks for appreciation..Glad it helps

  • @user-lk2rz1qb4u
    @user-lk2rz1qb4u ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Could you teach me how rho factor how does the rho factor catch up with the moving RNA polymerase? As long as the RNA polymerase is running, I think the rho factor can't keep up with the polymerase.

  • @preyakumari5612
    @preyakumari5612 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thanku sir.... Ur all videos are really amazing 🙏it's very helpful to me

    • @hussainbiology
      @hussainbiology  3 ปีที่แล้ว

      thanks for appreciation..Glad to know that it helps ✌️

  • @syedzadii5691
    @syedzadii5691 11 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Thank you soo muchh

  • @steffivarghese3445
    @steffivarghese3445 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thank youuu it was an excellent explanation!!!

  • @Abdullah-nc2vd
    @Abdullah-nc2vd 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thanks

  • @efeucar2115
    @efeucar2115 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    That helped my study a lot, thanks sir :))

    • @hussainbiology
      @hussainbiology  3 ปีที่แล้ว

      thanks for appreciation... glad it helps

  • @siddikaattar1928
    @siddikaattar1928 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank you sir. These was very helpful video for our exam.

    • @hussainbiology
      @hussainbiology  ปีที่แล้ว

      thanks for appreciation..Glad it helps....✌️

  • @Isumi03
    @Isumi03 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    You saved my semester❤️ thank you so much🙆

    • @hussainbiology
      @hussainbiology  ปีที่แล้ว

      thanks for appreciation.. Glad to know that it helps

  • @edu-rt2m
    @edu-rt2m 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Wowe sir.. Fan bn gyi

  • @gyaneshshukla6884
    @gyaneshshukla6884 ปีที่แล้ว

    But when does the RHO reach the RNA-DNA hybrid point? Is there any specific sequence? There has to be some reason why and when rho reaches the junction and releases the rna.