Seerah of Prophet Muhammad 73 - Battle of Mu'tah Part 1 - Dr. Yasir Qadhi | 4th December 2013
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 13 ก.ย. 2024
- Title: Battle of Mu'tah Part 1
Study the biography of the single greatest human being that ever walked the surface of this earth, whom Allah sent as a Mercy to Mankind.
This lecture was recorded on 4th December 2013
Just imagine the sahaba themselves narating these battles in Jannah
the way i felt hurt at the deaths of zaid and jaffar clearly suggests how much trauma the prophet pbuh must have suffered. may allah reward all those sacrificing their lives for the deen of Muhammad pbuh
Ameen
It's the deen of Allah (swt)
Aneen
😢 walLaahi you are so right.
I feel cry
Every time I watch this episode I weep uncontrollably. Pease be upon you ya rasoolallah.
Listening from srilanka الحمداللہ ۔.may Allah guide us and dr yasir qadhi in our pure deen .
Me too. :)
In 2023... listening with Proud...
Jazakallah khair Sheikh
This episode left me in a crying mess.
سُـبْـحَـانَ ٱلله
Thank God for your contribution to teaching so many hundred thousands the Seerah!. May Allah bless you with Jannah Firdausi
Episode 73 & 74 Notes:
I will repost on EP74
The Battle of Mu’tah
Early Muslims called this battle, the Army of Leaders and some early scholars referred to this battle as a Ghazwa. The reason was because this battle involved 3000 Muslims and it was the first time the Muslims faced the Romans. However, later scholars corrected them on this battle being a Sariyya, because the Prophet SAW did not participate in it. The name Mu’tah refers to the village in what is now modern day Jordan, but at the time it was under the control of Syrian Rome.
The reason this battle occurred was because, the Prophet SAW had sent Al Harith RA as an emissary to Bosra. However, Al Harith RA was intercepted by the Arab Christian Ghassanid tribe. The Ghassanids tortured, beat up and then their chief Shurahbil Ibn Amr, killed Al Harith. Thus enraging the Prophet SAW and setting up this conflict.
In 8 AH, on a Friday morning in Jumada Al Awwal, the Prophet SAW sent 3000 Muslims from Medina to attack the Ghassanids in the north of Arabia. Prior to the army leaving, the Prophet SAW made Zayd Ibn Haritha RA as the commander and gave him a white flag. The Prophet SAW, had also told the Muslims that upon Zayd RAs demise, Jaffar RA and then Abdullah Ibn Rawahah RA would be the next in line for leadership. The Prophet SAW then accompanied the army to Thaniya Tul Wada to see them off.
The Muslim army advanced and after a long journey, they reached what is now modern day Jordan. The Ghassanids hearing news of a large scale attack that was imminent, sent out emissaries to their allies in order to seek assistance against the Muslims. Several other Arab Christian tribes came to their defence and the Romans also sent a contingent to support them. The total combined enemy force was 10,000.
The Muslims upon hearing that the enemy army size had been significantly boosted by other Arabs and Romans, decided to revaluate their plan. There were many options given but ultimately, Abdullah Ibn Rawahah RA roused the Muslims to go fourth regardless of the increase in enemy size and Zayd RA welcomed this. It was the Muslims who decided to meet the enemy at Mu’tah and the Muslim army was then split into three flanks.
- The Three Leaders
Zayd RA then gave the order to charge and he was the first flag bearer. Zayd RA charged and fought valiantly, but ultimately he was surrounded by enemies on all sides and martyred. The flag was then given to Jaffar RA who charged at the enemies on his horse until his horses legs were chopped off. This led to Jaffar RA then being surrounded by enemies and he too fought a ferocious battle. The enemy chopped off both of his arms and stabbed him dozens of times before he dropped the flag and died a martyrs death. Abdullah Ibn Rawahah RA then picked up the flag and hesitated for a moment, he struggled with his own soul that was afraid of death and recited poetry before he then jumped into the fray and also was martyred.
- The Sword of Allah
Upon seeing the martyrdom of the three prophetically nominated leaders, Thabit Ibn Arqam RA, rushes in and grabs the flag. He then calls the Muslims to him and they quickly decide upon a new leader. Thabit RA is nominated at first but, he refuses and thus all eyes turn to Khalid Ibn Al Walid RA, who accepts this new role.
Simultaneously, as the Battle of Mu’tah is taking place, in Medina, the Prophet SAW is providing prophetic live updates of the battle and after informing the Sahabah RA of the deaths of the three leaders. The Prophet SAW then sits down to process the deaths of his beloved family and friends.
Khalid RA decided that the battle was unwinnable and thus the best thing to do was to save as many Muslims as he can. Thus he devised a plan and using Muslim archers, he held back the enemy onslaught. At nightfall, the two armies were in eyeshot of one another but could not approach due to the archers. It was at this moment when the Muslims buried Zayd RA, Jaffar RA and Abdullah Ibn Rawahah RA in one grave. The following day, Khalid RA used a tactic to make the enemies believe that, reinforcements from Medina are coming and thus used this opportunity to make a full retreat from the battle. Due to Khalid RA’s quick thinking, the majority of the 3000 Muslims made it back to Medina safely, with less than 20 deaths.
- Aftermath
When the army made it back to Medina, the Prophet SAW welcomed them back. This was also when Khalid RA was given the title of Sayfullah by the Prophet SAW. But within a few days, a smear campaign was launched against the Sahabah RA, who had participated in the Battle of Mu’tah, for being cowards. The Prophet SAW upon hearing this defended the Sahabah RA and stated that they are not cowards. The Prophet SAW, then requested food be prepared for the family of Jaffar RA, as they were in unable to do anything due to active mourning. The Prophet SAW then after 3 days, visited the families of Jaffar RA and Zayd RA to console them.
- Is this a Victory or Defeat?
Islamic scholars have held three opinions, the theologians state it was a victory, the historians state it was a defeat and others say it was neither of the two. The Battle of Mu’tah can be viewed through the lens of all three and thus its subjective. It can be seen as a victory because the Prophet SAW stated it was a victory. It can also be viewed as a loss because the Muslims had to leave the battlefield. It can also be viewed as ending in neutrality because the Romans failed to wipe out the Muslims.
Regardless, this battle was the largest expedition to Northern Arabia to date and showed the Muslims as a up and coming civilisation. It also set up the future conquests that were to come and allowed Khalid RA to gain battle experience against the Romans whom he would encounter in the future.
Fun Trivia fact: Ghassanids are largest Christian Arab tribe in north of Arabia. They were vassals to the Romans.
Fun Trivia fact: The Battle of Mu’tah was the only time the Prophet SAW appointed 3 leaders for one battle.
Fun Trivia fact: The Battle of Mu’tah and the letters he had sent out to various rulers, was essentially the Prophet SAW sending a message to everyone that, Islam isn’t just for the Arabs.
Fun Trivia fact: The first land conquered after the demise of the Prophet SAW was Syria. The Prophet SAW would always talk about Bilad Ash Sham.
Fun Trivia fact: Aisha RA stated that, had Zayd Ibn Haritha RA been alive when the Prophet SAW passed away. No one would have been chosen over Zayd RA in being the Prophet SAWs successor.
Fun Trivia fact: Abdullah Ibn Rawahah RA was a famous poet like Hassan Ibn Thabit RA. Abdullah RA wanted to die as a Shaheed at Mu’tah and this is what Allah SWT granted him.
Fun Trivia fact: The classical Seerah books state that there was an enemy army size of 100,000+ at Mu’tah. But this is a gross exaggeration.
Fun Trivia fact: The mindset of the Sahabah RA wasn’t that Mu’tah is a suicide mission. Rather, they had the mindset that they would win this battle.
Fun Trivia fact: Abu Hurairah RA attended the Battle of Mu’tah and it was his first battle alongside the Muslims.
Trivia fact: Upon hearing of Jaffar RA’s death, the women and children in his household cried and wailed so much that, even the Prophet SAW ordering them to stop, did not stop them.
Fun Trivia fact: It was during the Battle of Mu’tah that Khalid Ibn Walid RA broke 9 swords in succession.
Fun Trivia fact: It is Sunnah to feed the family that has suffered a loss.
Fun Trivia fact: The mourning period in Islam is 3 days. After 3 days, you are expected to stop mourning and get back into everyday life. The only exception is for the widow, who has Iddah for 4 months and 10 days.
Fun Trivia fact: Allah SWT gave Jaffar RA two wings as a replacement for his hands.
Fun Trivia fact: Even though Khalid Ibn Al Walid RA was not chosen by the Prophet SAW to be the next leader in Mu’tah. Once the Muslims chose him, the Prophet SAW accepted Khalid RA as the leader.
Fun Trivia fact: Theodore the brother of Heraclius was the leader of the Romans during this battle.
Fun Trivia fact: The Battle of Mu’tah is the only one in the lifetime of the Prophet SAW that was against the Romans.
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Disclaimer for my Notes of Sheikh Yasir Qadhi’s Seerah of the Prophet Muhammad Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam Series:
Assalamualaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh, these are my notes on Sheikh Yasir Qadhi’s Seerah series.
Please note: I HIGHLY recommend that you all watch YQ’s Seerah series, as I DON’T cover every single detail the Sheikh mentions. I made these notes primarily for myself but, decided my fellow brothers and sisters may benefit from them too. I no doubt will have made mistakes in my notes. All the good in these notes is from Allah SWT and all the mistakes are from myself. But, I was very meticulous and tried my best to make sure everything is accurate as the Sheikh mentions it.
You also will see I have added “Fun Trivia facts” under each of my notes. These FTFs are information YQ said that was off topic or not necessary to include in my notes for the episode. But, they were still worth mentioning hence the inclusion as FTFs. FTFs aren’t always HAPPY pieces of information. Sometimes they are very sad trivia. I just want to say that FTF is the phrase I used for them all collectively when making the notes.
One thing I wanted to do but am too lazy to do is, maybe someone could take the FTFs from under each “Episode” and make an Islamic reminder/information IG/TikTok account and post them daily or something. Could be a great form of Sadaqah Jaariyah.
Please keep me in your Duas and ask Allah SWT to forgive all our sins during this blessed month and beyond! Ameen
😢
@@Jello_HelloJLOL Asalaamualaykum Wa Rahmatullahi Wa Barakatahu 🤗
15:00 benefits of battle of muta
18:00 ibn abbas conflicting over staying jumma with the prophet and going to the battle
20:00 the prophet appointing three commanders knowing the severity of the situation
25:45 abdullah bin rawaha crying
40:00 roaman soldiers christian arabs against muslims
55:00 ibn rawaha death
1:01:15 who will become the leader
What a sad episode 😢. AlhamduliLaah it's all over now and inshaalLah they get Jannah. May we get it too... without hisab... yaa Allah !
The hadeeth narrated by Yasir Qadhi at 1:08:10 about weeping of the women on hearing the death news of Zaid bin Harith , Jafar bin Abu Talib and bduallah bin Raawaha i just read it before watching this seerah lecture what an amazing SYNC :)
may Allah reward you with good, great lecture
Jazzak Allah khair shaikh
Subhanallah سُـبْـحَـانَ ٱلله
اَلْحَمْدُ لِلّٰهِAlhamdulillah
اللّٰهُ أَكْبَرAllahuAkbar
لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا ٱللهْ. Laa ilaaha illallaah
Thank you for this sadaqa Jariya. May Allah accept it and reward you Max!!! Incredible job!!! MashaalLah
SubhanAllah. Jazza KAllah Khair
Alhumdulillah,JazakAllah khair brother.
Ye, jzk Yasir
Jazak Allah khair brother
Mansha Allah jizaka Allah
JAZAKALLAH KHAIR
Masha Allah Ibn Rawaha RA, beautiful sentiments, versified in the the moment when we would freeze and just wait for death ... time stood still.. May Allah give us the thowfeeq to follow in their footsteps Ameen!
Mpm
P
What I would do to be there in that year all the good laughs, good moments, holy moments! Ameen! Thankyou Shayk
Although Battle of Mu'tah was won by Muslims yet it was a great loss in terms of the loss of the lives of sahabah like Zayd (ra), Ja'far (ra) and Ibn Rawaha our infamous poet (ra).
Zayd (ra) was prophet (s) adopted son who lived with him since his (s) marriage to Khadijah (ra). By this time, Zayd (ra) has been in prophet's care for 30 years and they had a beautiful bond between them. Ja'far (ra) was prophet's cousin and we all know how amazing they all were. Ibn Rawaha was known as prophet (s) poet.
When the news reached Medina, prophet (s) sat down in the state of shock and grief. A man went back and forth during this time, telling prophet (s) that the women of Ja'far wouldn't stop weiling. Note: Everyone is confused and grieved by the news. The women of Ja'far (ra) started mourning and weiling as it was the worst news for their family. At that time, they could not stop themselves initially.
Islamically, weiling is haraam. It is a pagan tradition which is not befitting for honorable and knowledgeable people. Prophet (s) was indeed sadden and crying with tears falling down his face.
This sadden prophet (s) even more. So, he (s) used the expression, "Throw the dust" on them. And Ayesha (ra) also told the man, throw the dust on yourself instead. Why? because he should try to regain control, and his composure, and use his wisdom before consoling the women of Ja'far.
This Arabic expression: "throw the dust" means expressing irritation; frustration with sadness. One needs to realize that what has happened has happened. It is best to say Inna lillahi wa inna elahi rajeoun at such time. All we can do is sabr and seek help with duaas. Who else can support us in times of hardship/ shock of loss etc but Allah swt. Qadr Allah
Side note: Also a similar expression is used in Punjabi language, "meti paow"!
Brother, wailing is harām, not veiling. Veiling means wearing the hijāb.
No side Gain Victory ROMANS also fought with all their Hearts and Souls they have do or die mentality
and After days of War Khalid ibnu Walid Decided to leave with his Army both Troops were tired therefore they (Romans) let the Muslim Troops leave so it was draw and Proof even there is Riots against Khaalid ibnu Walid happened in Medina
@@monzur1947 thank you for your help.
Greatness
Jazakallahu Khayran Ahsanul Jaza
After I finish this episode I felt so emotional 😭 the death of ja,far, zeyd.
Safia Mohamed
I feel the same 😪
السلام عليكم
masha'allah!
jazaaka Allahu qyer
MashaAllah.
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Dear Sheikh, I want to thank you for making these video freely & easily available for the entire world, it is a great good.
Question: you said the Prophet pbuh was deeply affected at the news of those deaths, but you also said that he was informing the people in the mosque real-time of their deaths. Sorry if this is rude but it just seems strange that he (& some people in madina) knew about this a couple of weeks ago (before the messenger told them) and yet he reacted as if it was new to him. May Allah forgive me if this is rude.
Maybe because when he got the news after the battle, their deaths were confirmed. Wa Allahu 3alam.
@bob. when dr qadri said the news came to the prophet SAW i dont think he meant that a messenger came from mutah to tell the prophet SAW rather when the prophet SAW got the news (however that was either by angels sent to him SAW or through divine inspiration) and that was when he sat down through shock and not weeks later because of the difficult news. hope that makes sense.
his grief was a continuity it's like being reminded again (after having temporarily forgotten) and your loved one has died and you become depressed again. I've lost loved ones and i can relate. like being told over the phone and you cry, than a few days go by and you begin to forget and live life but than someone mentions it again the wound open again like you heard it the first time. just a human condition i suppose.
It was actually a miracle of allah that the prophet could see the events of the battlefield
Best is not to speculate, we just listen and believe. Allah SWT knows best. Obviously Rasulullah SAW have many forms of informants. What is important is what we learn from this episode?
جزاك الله خيرا
Allah Akbar
There is a place called Mutah, approx 27 km south of Karak, where there is Mutah University. (Amman is north of Karak)
Salam, would like to have reference for the two narrations regarding the fadila of Zayd Ra.
1) there was not an expedition in which Zayd was a part of except that he was its leader.
2) had Zayd been alive Muslims would not have preferred anyone over him to be the Khalifah.
MaaShaAllah 💝💕
Battle of Mutah is a very important battle because it was the first battle against Christians. And it was the start for the conquest of Christian lands by Islam
mashaAllah
Can we read the poem of Ibn Rawaha somewhere? Those lines are beautiful, may Allah bless all of the heroes from the past because they spread Islam by the will of Allah swt with such bravery
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17:57
Afghans are brave too.
Naming problem
Present in current Jordan (between Amman & Kerak)
5:13 Why did Mu'tah take place?
- Killing of Al-Harith bin Umayr al-Azadi by the Ghassanid chief Shurahbil ibn Amr (mentioned by al-Waqidi)
- Threat by the governor Bosra (not Basra) {less plausible}
- Preparation for the next battles with the Romans (deduction by Ibn al-Kathir)
Narration of Ibn Abbas RA in Jami Tirmidhi
3 commanders chosen by the prophet pbuh:
Zayd ibn al-Haritha
Jafar ibn abi Talib
Abdullah ibn Rawaha
Saniyatul Wada (Farewell hill)
"Tala al badru alayna"
Poem of Abdullah ibn Rawaha
Zayd ibn Arqam (in Ibn Ishaq's story)
36:24 Estimation of the numbers
40:40 Planning
45:53 Why Mu'tah ?
Abu Hurayra RA at Mu'tah
Martyrdoms of the commanders
Sabit ibn Arqam RA & choosing Khalid ibn Walid RA as leader
1:02:50 Hadiths of Anas ibn Malik RA & Ayesha RA about the happenings at Madina
SubhanAllah
Thaniyaatul wadaa'??? 😀 neat! I like the song Tala'al badru 'aleyna .... but I never knew what thaniyaatul wadaa' meant... ☺ jazzakalLaahu KHAYR.
1:00:00 Khalid Bin Waleed (R.A) 🔥
Your students my be are shy, how could they forgot what they learn so quickly
the note taker though lol
40:30
26:30
Assalamualykum
Who is the "other group" sheik keeps referring throughout the series.
Wish we can be all united as one ummah. We done realize how much we hurt prophet pbuh by doing this.
The Shi'a group.
He's talking about AI Akram at 39:00 ...I have read his book about Khalid ibn Al Walid (RA) his writing style is very good though he kinda potrays Umar (RA) in a bad light
Sir I am having difficulty understanding hadith 4361 of sunan abu dawood
What do we derive from this hadith
😭😭😭😭😭😭💔💔💔💔💔💔
1:16 This sounds more like fiction than reality. No Wonder many scholars including Imam Bukhari called Al Waqidi a liar. The guy also exaggerated Karbala narrations.
But the harrowing death of Jafar is more or less correct.
But why did the prophet (pbuh) not participate in this battle? Can somebody please answer? I don’t think brother yasir explained clearly the reason.
Its because prophet was needed in madeenah. The battle took place in 8AH and the prophet died in 10 AH. Prophet was busy strengthening the inner roots of madeenah
It my opinion so wether take it or leave it.
I believe that even there was a treaty between the muslims and quraish but maybe there was a non quraishi external threat to madina
Please advice a book. So that we can read this whole history
His own book. The Seerah by Yasir Qadhi
Just read Seerah Ibn Hisham (Ibn Ishaq version filtered). Which is the earliest and most authentic-ish. Paints a general picture.
1:04:33
37:02
How can Abdullah ibn Abbas fight in Mutah when he was to young and was in Mecca 18:30
He was of age in the time of mutah
The problem with this battle is, most narration is done by Al Waqidi which the Sheikh quotes. According to many early scholars, Al Waqidi was a liar.
What was the Cause of the War first of all i Heard Muslim Sources disagree the Cause of that War
May be Roman Empire were defending their Boarders let me know please
if Jaffer RAS was surrounded by the romans then who recorded his fight and how he died ?
+razzle82 1:02:50
Jazak Allah for the clarification
Is it just me or Asterix and Obelix could be inspired by the muslim vs Romain. The muslim must have a magic potion they are so small in number but yet so effective in battle !
Allahs help comes to whomever he wishes to ... Rasulullah (s) and the sahaba were not alone because allah had sent the Angels to help the Muslims against their enemies
Yasir Qadhi was too focused on the suffering of the prophet. This shouldn’t be talked about too much. Focus more on the facts, and the happiness of the prophet.
❤❤❤
💐👍🏻👍🏻👍🏻💐
45:00
35:40