MV Don Juan Free Fall Lifeboat Launching With Davit (Without Free Fall)

NETHAN The Life Journey

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เผยแพร่เมื่อ 21 ต.ค. 2024
ABOUT LIFEBOATS
Important as lifeboats are, most crew and passengers on ships would rather they remained unused. However, they are a necessary last resort for those on board and over the years many have been grateful that they were provided.
Lifeboats have always been an integral part of marine safety procedures. Important for the vessel to have a mandated number of lifeboats onboard that can be easily accessed and used in case of an emergency.
Lifeboats are basically small boats that are kept aboard a ship to carry out emergency abandonment, in case of mishaps such as man overboard, ship accidents, etc. occur. They primarily function as a device for swift and effective evacuation of people in distress from the ship and then aid them to a safe location.
Lifeboats are quickly deployed from ships with the help of davit systems which are fixed on the sides of the ship. They include a motor, unlike inflatable rafts and boats, which are smaller and slower. Inflatable lifeboats consist of an auto-inflation system that is quicker and more convenient for people in distress.
TYPES OF LIFEBOATS
According to SOLAS Regulations, each vessel should contain enough lifeboats to accommodate 37.5% of crew and passengers on either side. While inflatable or rigid liferafts must accommodate 25% on each side of the vessel.
Lifeboats are of three types, depending on their use, area of application, and effectiveness:
OPEN LIFEBOATS
As the name suggests, these lifeboats are open and have no roof. They are mostly manually propelled by oars. Sometimes one may also use a compression ignition engine to navigate the lifeboat.
However, due to the strict safety norms currently, open lifeboats have been discounted. They are very rarely seen in older ships.
CLOSED LIFEBOATS
Closed lifeboats are enclosed with a roof that shelters the people in it from rain, seawater currents, and strong winds. These boats, if toppled, stay upright on their own. These are further classified into Fully Enclosed Lifeboats and Partially Enclosed Lifeboats.
FREEFALL LIFEBOATS
Free Fall lifeboats are stored and launched from a downward sloping slipway for maximum clearance. They are heavier and stronger so as to sustain their impact with water when they drop directly when released from the vessel.
Other than these three common types, there are two additional advanced types of lifeboats namely, Fireproof Lifeboats and Hyperbaric Lifeboats.
FIREPROOF LIFEBOATS
These boats are used during oil spills and are heavily insulated to withstand flaming substances. The high sustenance nature allows it to envelop the boat against heat and flames for up to 8 minutes once waterborne.
HYPERBATIC LIFEBOATS
These boats consist of a sealable diving chamber with hatches large enough for people to enter and exit without undergoing decompression. The pressure vessel renders a compressed breathing gas supply to raise the internal air pressure.
Now that we’ve seen the various types of lifeboats, let’s see how their releasing mechanism works.
LIFEBOAT RELEASE MECHANISM
No matter the type of lifeboat, the most important consideration is to make sure it releases quickly and perfectly, so as to aid the people in distress as fast as possible. Hence, there are three different types of boat release mechanisms.
ON LOAD MECHANISM
This type of mechanism focuses on releasing lifeboats from the wire, with crew members inside the boat. It is operated when the boat is about to touch the water, to ensure a smooth landing of the lifeboat without causing damage to the boat or harming the crew inside.
OFF-LOAD MECHANISM
This type of mechanism releases lifeboats after the boat is fully on the sea. It includes a hydrostatic piston unit at its bottom which is connected to the operating lever. Once waterborne, the water pressure moves the lever up which will release the fall wire.
FREE FALL LIFEBOAT RELEASE MECHANISM
The Free Fall Lifeboat has a release mechanism where the lifeboat is launched from its stowed position by the operation of a lever inside the boat that releases it. It causes the boat to slide through the tilted ramp and onto the surface of the water.
There are several other advancements being made in lifeboats and release mechanisms.
Having touched upon the topics of lifeboats and their release mechanisms, let’s now look at what standards to adhere to when using the aforementioned.
SOLAS Regulations list some specific standards which every vessel shall observe with relation to lifeboats and their use. Let’s take a look at these regulations below -
LIFEBOAT SAFETY MECHANISM
A lifeboat alone is enough to aid people to a safe place, but there is certain basic life-safety equipment each boat should carry. Here is a list of this equipment:
1. Compass
2. Signaling Mirror
3. Embarkation Ladder
4. Dipper