French and Dutch Colonies | US History to 1865 | Study Hall
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 29 มิ.ย. 2024
- While English colonies get all of the credit, Dutch and French colonies played a big role in shaping American culture. In this episode, we're taking a look at the Dutch and French colonial settlements in North America in the 16th and 17th centuries.
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Chapters:
0:00 - Introduction
1:59 - French colonies
4:39 - Dutch colonies
11:30 - Conclusion
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Sources:
www.khanacademy.org/humanitie...
www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv...
www.nysl.nysed.gov/newnetherl....
www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingLi...
www.nationalgeographic.org/ac...
www.britannica.com/place/New-...
drupal.library.cmu.edu/chicago...
www.historyworld.net/wrldhis/p...
#frenchcolony #dutchcolony #USHistory #AmericanHistory #HistoryFacts #StudyHall
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Fantastic video! Do y'all have any book recommendations on this subject?
Short answer: Our faculty used Alan Taylor's American Colonies to frame this episode and speak on both the French and Dutch sides.
Longer answer from our eager historians:
For the Dutch, the most accessible treatment of New Netherland is Russell Shorto's bestseller, The Island at the Center of the World. For them most exhaustive and detailed account, we would recommend Jaap Jacob's The Colony of New Netherland. If you're interested in the wider Dutch Atlantic, the best book on that is Wim Klooster's The Dutch Moment. Andrea Mosterman's Spaces of Enslavement and Nicole Maskiell's Bound By Bondage have reshaped how we think about slavery In New Netherland; Evan Haefeli's New Netherland and the Dutch Origins of American Religious Liberty and Danny Noorlander's Heaven's Wrath have complicated our understanding of a classic trope about the Dutch being universally tolerant. Susannah Shaw Romney's New Netherland Connections reveals the way in which intimate relations governed and sustained the colony. For the consequences of English conquest and persistence of the Dutch, three good books are: Joyce Goodfriend's Before the Melting Pot, Patricia Bonomi's A Factious People, Randall Balmer's A Perfect Babel of Confusion. Finally, we would want to plug the work of the New Netherland Institute in Albany, New York. Created by Charles Gehring and now run by Deborah Hamer, they are doing more than anyone to promote scholarship on New Netherland.
For the French, the one overview we'd be able to recommend is W. J. Eccles's France in America. On Native-French interactions, we would recommend Brett Rushforth's Bounds of Alliance, Richard White's The Middle Ground, Michael Witgen's An Infinity of Nations, Michael McDonnell's Masters of Empire, and James Axtell's The Invasion Within. The best book on Katerina Tekakwitha is Allan Greer's biography, Mohawk Saint.
@@studyhall Thanks for the recommendations. I’ll make sure to check these out. Keep up the good work!
Gekoloniseerd! Quite literally.
Around 8:50 there's an error in the captions where the tribe the Dutch were allies with is not written out.
Thank you for noting that!
Both the Dutch protestants and catholics wanted religious tolerance instead of the Spanish Inquisition, that's why they fought their Spanish overlord. Freedom of conscience (in how to serve god) was codified in 1979 in the Union of Utrecht. In 1581 they declared that a king should serve it's people, who had inalienable rights, and by becoming a tyrant the people were allowed to no longer recognize their king., and therefore declared independence (rings a bell?). This resulted in the Dutch Republic, not a kingdom, the Stadtholders were appointed by parliament.
The Dutch sailed to North America to trade, because traders and the inventors of modern capitalism was what they were. The protestants were in charge, because freedom of religion was not in safe hands with catholics. They traded mainly beaver skins with the natives and in Dutch protestantism all people were children of god. The WIC was founded to wage war against the Spanish, to rob them of their money they financed the armies with, through a network of trading posts.
Because all people were children of god, everybody in the Dutch Republic was free, and quite a few blacks lived there. The slaves on captured Spanish ships were set free but not brought home or to the Dutch Republic, so they ended up working for the WIC just like the Europeans or whatever. The laws of the Dutch Republic applied in New Amsterdam, so whatever Stuyvesant thought about other religions, he had to obey and accept those. The WIC was basically a military/trade hybrid, so they were under contract and had to follow orders and work hard. Stuyvesant was a bigot regarding religion, but he was also the one who made sure the records of marriage and land ownership of the blacks were transferred to the British when they took over Manhattan. This was well after the Dutch had given up on their objections to slavery in 1637 because of the plantation economy of Dutch Brazil they captured from the Portuguese and some biblical excuse was found. So New Amsterdam was not build on the back of slaves or half slaves. You can say a lot of bad things about the Dutch but slaves were slaves, bought pre-enslaved by Africans or born from slaves, and free blacks were free citizens. Dutch captains have gone to jail for enslaving blacks. Blacks automatically being slaves or half slaves is a projection of American racism on the Dutch.
The natives were far too smart and experienced traders to accept trinkets and beads. It was 60 guilders in goods, that was like a few thousand today's dollars worth of metal goods, which the natives didn't have, axes, pots and pans, it was not a bad deal for either. The Dutch certainly could have tried harder, allthough they had no ambition to rule foreing peoples ("empire is too expensive'). They were pennywise and poundfoolish in defending New Amsterdam against the English, but there wasn't really a plan besides trading and raiding Spanish and Portuguese ships. Large settlements of good protestants didn't work out because life was too good in the Dutch Republic to leave, the Dutch Republic was already filthy rich from dominating the entire European trade. After the peace in 1648 the WIC couldn't raid Spanish ships anymore so it industraliazed the Transatlantic slave trade to sell to the French, Spanish, Portuguese and British mainly until the British copied them and took over because they kept more slaves (and crew) alive through better understanding of hygiene. So New Amsterdam housed all kinds of Europeans, natives but also Africans and Asians, who all enjoyed the upward social mobility of the far less classist Dutch Republic, which would later be known as the American dream.
I'd like to hear about Canada's Prince of woke jokes and his family's plantation in feliciana Parish Louisiana.