Understanding The Netherlands: The Ultimate Guide to its History, Politics, and Economy
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 22 ก.ค. 2024
- Discover the rich history, vibrant culture, and unique political landscape of the Netherlands in this comprehensive video. From the Dutch Golden Age to the present, understand how the country works from top to bottom. Learn about the historical events that shaped this European nation, its role in global trade and politics, and how its economy stands in the 21st century. Join Marco on a journey through the fascinating aspects of the Netherlands. Don't forget to like, comment, and subscribe for more insightful videos on 'How Countries Work'. #Netherlands #DutchHistory #DutchPolitics #DutchEconomy #HowCountriesWork
Dutch revolt started in fact in what we now call Flanders or France-Flanders. Not in Holland at all. F.e. Amsterdam was still very much a Roman Catholic city when in 1566-68 the famous "beeldenstorm" began, which started the revolt against Habsburg rule of the Netherlands.
True but success with the revolte starten in the North (Alkmaar).
The Golden Age and Colonisation Era, were the result of the growing prosperity of the Netherlands, not the cause. The cause is a combination of being at the delta of several rivers that run deep into the heart of the continent, making it a natural trading hub; a jagged coastline that made water the primary means of transport, allowing Frisia, as it was known in both the Roman and Frankish eras to easily build an overseas tradingnetwork that connected with the Slavic, Nordic and Baltic trade in the North, that was later joined with the Slavic network when the Northern crusades conquered the Wendic and other Slavonic cities along the Southern coast of the Baltic Sea, in what became known as the Wendische Hanze ('Hanseatic League' is wrong in that the Hanzes were never in league. In fact, they were quite hostile to eachother.) and the Little Ice Age. The larger cities in Northern Germany had already grown beyond their capacity to feed themselves with their surrounding farmlands and local fishing, and became increasingly dependant on imported food. And for proteins that meant dried sole from Dutch fishers. When the Little Ice Age spread further South and harvests in Northern Germany started to fail, demand for dried sole skyrocketed and the Dutch had to triple the size of their already large fishing fleet in order to meet it. And when the herring, which is ordinarily fished along the coast of Norway migrated South to flee the cold, that trade exploded too.
In order to keep up with all this, the Netherlands were forced to beef up ship production (and design), and after the worst was over, the Dutch shipbuilding industry was the envy of Europe. A hundred years later, the Dutch had more merchant vessels than the rest of Europe combined. And these were used mainly for the Moeder Negotie - the Mother of all Trade - dealing in basic necessities like food and building materials on the Baltic Sea. Short, safe, and cheap, in ships that were designed to carry a heavy cargo and pay little tolls on it, that could be manned by a handfull of sailors. That's what ushered in the Dutch Golden Age, at which time some families had gotten so rich they started to speculate and found colonies at other side of the planet and things went South from there.
P.S. The 'VOC mentality', with which one of our prime ministers famously put his foot in his mouth, is sending the sons of the nation to distant shores knowing full well that 50% of them will not come back, and making a profit on it.
P.P.S. If you look at a map of the Wendic Hanse, you'll notice that most of its associated ports, are in what is now the Netherlands, and back then the Holy Roman Empire. The only harbour in Belgium that was part of the Wendischer Hanse was Brugge. Antwerpen and the other Flemish trade ports were part of the Kölnischer Hanse. This explains the bitter rivalry between Antwerpen and Brugge, but also between Antwerpen and Amsterdam.
As a person that loves Dutch history, I found this video provided a really understandable and clear explanation of the events that have contributed to the modern day country which it is today, and how it functions as a country also. I thoroughly enjoyed it!
Thank you very much!
The oranje-orange colour has nothing to do with the Netherlands, knowing that Willem of Orange was the prince of Orange, a little town situated in the south of France which is world famous for its well preserved Roman theater.
That be it, but orange is now a Dutch color. We didn’t cross carrots to make them orange because of Greenland. The first flag, orange, white blue was to honor the house of Orange. Later this became red for practical reasons and only after WW2, 1946 I believe, Queen Wilhelmina declared the flag to be red, white and blue by degree. About the 60’s they made the colors official by connecting it to NEN, so there wouldn’t be any mistake what red was the red.
Great Video! But a few small corrections if you don't mind... A bit nitpicky maybe, but I happen to be a history buff.
1:32 County of Holland, not kingdom. Technically the surpeme ruler of this area during the middle ages was the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire, but in name only really...
2:58 That's 18th century clothing, not 17th. It's the style of clothes you see in movies about Mozart and such.
3:55 King Willem I, and therefore the modern royal family, are not direct descendants of Willem van Oranje/William of Orange, his line became extinct. They are the descendents of his brother Jan van Nassau.
Great video! One correction: The Netherlands is stopping gas production because of the earthquakes it caused in Groningen and Drente. This means it is no longer a gas producing country, but now need to import most of its gas.
Good info, thanks!
You know that whats happening in Groningen and Drenthe are not real earth quakes? It only is the collapse of caverns and places where the extract the gas from
Expected this video to have about 100k views. Very underrated channel with great videos
Thank you! Hopefully soon haha
The Dutch concurred the world in the 17th century because we could mass produce ships.
Someone, I can't recall his name, invented a way to use a wind mill to saw wood instead of sawing tree logs by hand which took ages. Compare it with the difference between using a chainsaw or a hand saw and you'll get the idea. We had more than a thousand ships roaming the oceans.
FYI, at about 1800 only 1% of the trees in the Netherlands were still standing, the rest was all cut down to be used for ships and other things. There is a reason we imported wood from Scandinavia! 😂
@@joostprins33811% of what? The last time the country was heavily wooded, the North Sea didn't exist yet. Frisia (overlapping the North and West of the country) was mainly marshes and wetlands, especially in the centuries after the Romans decided to go home because they couldn't swim in their heavy armour. Most of our wood came from Germany, especially the Black Forest, floated down the Rhine, until, indeed, we started importing it from Scandinavië.
@@EdwinHofstra 1% of what we have now, this is not my data but from someone who did research it. An environmental PHD from Wageningen, in that time we used oak and other types of wood which were not pine, further more, we did cut our trees, just because of the logistics, it’s cheaper first to cut what you have, and then, for reasons like availability, quality you are going to import it. An other reason are the masts, we didn’t have the right trees for that, so yes we imported them.
So don’t try to get smart on me, I do know my data and history.
@@joostprins3381 I'm glad you know your history, but your numbers still make no sense. 1% of what we have now was still standing at about 1800? Learn to speak 'with two words'. 1% of no context, is still no context.
Nothing but respect for Wageningen, btw.
More than 20.000. The Dutch did up to 70% of all European shipping around the 1650's. Because of the industrialized ship building, but also because of the invention of modern capitalism with central banking, keeping the interests very low. Most merchant ships were war ships that could carry a load, not the Dutch ships, the often only had 1 anti-pirate gun and were much cheaper to run with much more cargo and a far smaller crew. The rest simply couldn't compete. The whole VOC was no more than peanuts for the Dutch trade.
"If you're not Dutch, you're not much." -Pretty much the family motto, I'm told.
When watching this video, I wonder why I emigrated from The Netherlands. Even though the content is factually correct, in practice the country is not in good shape at all and its politics have become highly toxic. I am glad to have left and live and work in SE Asia, where the statistics may not be as impressive at first sight, but the quality of daily life is so much more enjoyable.
Actually in terms of nominal GDP: Russia's economy is ranked 11th and the Dutch economy is ranked 17th globally, not 6th and 28th as stated in your video.
Yes you're right. This is all PPP 🙂
I was here before this channel blew up.
The ironic thing was that the "beeldenstorm" had actually been suppressed for a long time; Van Parma had already calmed things down and it was mostly fixed. It actually all went quite well, and wasn't that much of a bother to fix. Shocking, sure - but not more shocking than other stuff that happened at the time.
However, Fillips decided, against the advice of wise counsel, to proceed with a punitive expedition. Thus Alva was send to the Netherlands.
It didn't help that the news always reached Madrid very late, so while it had long been quiet in the Netherlands, the news in Spain was still the old news of rioting etc.
If that man had not been so incredibly proud and religious, the revolt would probably not have taken place in this capacity, and history might have been very differently. Then he would not have had to spend so much money on mercenaries to send towards the Netherlands, and he could have invested it in his conflict with the Ottomans.
I've read a lot of contemporary sources, and it's pretty clear that Alva wasn't the horrorshow we tend to portray him as in Dutch history. He actually was a well read man who favored justice over politics. He oftentimes send Fillips letters Fillips probably didn't like; about how Alva didn't want to execute Dutch people without evidence etc etc. and refused to do that.
'De bloedraad' was also not a fake court; it was a court like any other at the time, and there was evidence needed for conviction. And most people didn't get executed, but got fines. The idea we have is that if you appeared before this court, your fate was sealed. This was complete nonsense.
Interesting stuff though.
I once read a book about Trijn van Leemput in Utrecht. She was a Dutch broad who played a heroic role in the resistance during the Spanish war.
The book gives a pretty detailed description about how people lived during this era.
I've forgotten the title of this book, but searching 'Trijn van Leemput' will bring you close enough.
a lot of 'known history' (I think everywhere) is based on 19th century books, and 20th century books that were influenced by 19th century. And those people were terrible historians, more focused on nationalism . the end result is that kids like me (generation X) were still stuck with childrens books full of historic nonsense
Just a small correction.
Fernando Álvarez de Toledo y Pimentel, the Grand Duke of Alba, with B.
The Dutch constitution does not date from 1814, rather from 1848.
Top tier country for the last 5 centuries?
7:59 why did you show the german chancellor merkel and her ministers there?
King Willem I of Oranje-Nassau, a descendant of Willem I de stadhouder??? Hardly! He descended from Jan de Oude, a brother of de stadhouder!
Where is Ceylon? ??
The VOC was so big, that seen today it would be as big as the 5 biggest companies combined.
haha crazy
To the Dutch Republic, it was so small, it was less profitable than the herring fishery alone. When the VOC had finally grown big enough to start paying dividend in 1633, 31 years after it's foundation, this left not a single mark on the Dutch economy. It only had 160 merchant ships at it's peak, compared to the over 20.000 of the Dutch European merchant fleet.
That is a bit of a myth
@@5thMilitia no it isn’t, they did a check to the total money of the world, and put the worth of the VOC against it. I agree there is some guessing, but when doing the same numbers today that would be the result.
Point is, political, cultural environments are totally changed, but it just a flat number mining.
@@joostprins3381 No, it's a nonsense calculation. The VOC had less than 1% of the Dutch merchant fleet. The Dutch Republic was already filthy rich and had the symptoms like tulip mania before the VOC started paying it's first dividends.
It was culturally important because it opened a world to the Dutch, it was military important because the independence war was it's main purpose, but economically it was futile.
The VOC ships needed protection against Spanish France and English pirate ships that why they had an army. Just like the modern day transport ships.
😲👍
@@How_Countries_Workthey not only had an army, but were also granted the monopoly right to negotiate deals with local leaders in the east, like a country would. They were granted this right from the Staten-Generaal. They were the only company aloud to trade with the east.
At the start, it was more about the navy needing a network of trading posts to fight the Spanish and Portuguese over there. War and trade were very much intertwined back then, and it was very important to hit the enemy financially.
@DenUitvreter like to day.
Amazon losses a huge amount of money but and is kept in business to kill the competition.
@@markvanderknoop131 With far less at stake. Spain and Portugal were out for the total destruction of the Dutch Republic and the killing of all protestants.
Do a Portugal version
But yes, William of Orange sure has made his mark in getting the low countries independent from the holy roman empire, led by charles V first, in this era, and Filip II later.
For sure! I wouldn't have wanted to be his assasin. One of the most brutal death I've read about 😬.
Wrong.
It was against the Habsburgers.
Nice
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Within 12 days!
🙌
At 6:53 minutes, you are showing the completely wrong palace of His Majesty the King of the Netherlands. You are showing the palace of "Het Loo" in Apeldoorn, where the King never lived. The King lives with his family in Den Haag: palace "Huis Ten Bosch" and works in palace "Noordeinde", also in Den Haag. Palace "Het Loo" is a museum since 1984. The last Head of State to live there was Queen Wilhemina (who reigned till 1948, meaning that neither Queen Juliana nor Queen Beatrix used it as their home.
You show the palace of "Noordeinde" at 7:27 minutes and afterwards, as it is used for the swearing-in of the government, of which the King is part (without a political role).
Gas plays no major role in the Netherlands anymore, as gas extraction led to (minor) earthquakes in 2 provinces damaging buildings (mainly Groningen though) and needed to be restricted. That's how the Netherlands works.
COUNTY of Holland, NOT KINGDOM. And the other provinces, were independent of that county in the middle ages.
774th viewer of this video!
🥳
please make a video on demark
It's closer than you think 😉
@@How_Countries_Work the danes didn't eat their prime minister alive tho.
KINGDOM of Holland?? It remained merely a county, not even a duchy! One count stating he would prefer to be the greatest of counts rather than a lowly duke!
Clearly, you are not updated. Gas is not available. From that field. It costs earthquakes. And the new battle in politics is for farmers. We got in November this year new elections. Rutten is than gone.
That map... It's so weird not to acknowledge that Catholicism is not the dominant religion in the northern half of Germany. Martin Luther gonna rise from the dead & quarter you alive. 👹😅
*_"Discover the rich history, vibrant culture, and unique political landscape of the Netherlands "_*
The fact that you think you can compress all this in a just under twelve minutes video makes me kinda think that you're some kind of an, ermm.., American?
(I have no idea why I wrote this. No offense though.)
I don't sound American do I? 😂 and you're absolutely right, it would be difficult to compress it all to 3 hours let alone 12 minutes. This is just to give an overview of the country to people that have limited idea on how the country operates as a whole.
I was just kidding, @@How_Countries_Work
That's our national sport.
I liked watching your video.
And now I've got to get rid of a terribly annoying fly in my room.
Come here you, you hear ..?
No, go out that window!
No, not like that! That's hitting the wall, for crying out loud!
Why can't you simply..?
My god, you're such a dumb fly!
Go back to where you came from, you stupid fly! No, not to my garbage bin.
I hate flies. Especially those huge, metallic green ones.
Okay mister country work, bye now!
Come here, you green bastard!
This, was a joke.
Sorry, can't help myself.