The cathode emits electrons, not photons. electrons are attracted to the anodes, colliding with atoms of helium along the way. The excited helium atoms transfer energy to neon atoms which excites electrons in the neon atoms. when these electrons return to a lower energy state they emit photons.
Einstein said you cannot measure light against light the result will always be null. This must be a fake instrument. The data must come from xyz accelerometers. The laser is just for show.
Yes indeed! These are gas-filled tubes, the cousins of thermionic valves. Ancient tech in a transistor age. The next generation, the fiber-optic gyro (FOG), uses solid state lasers, and has no moving parts.
I think phase change alters the pattern intensity and frequency change alters the pattern itself. So you could have the same pattern with same frequency light and different phase, and have different pattern of light with same intensity for different frequencies.
I think we need to see the problem in relativistic terms, i.e., your frame of reference when looking at what is happening when the laser beams meet each other. Initially I thought phase shift was the issue, but isn't frequency shift just the same thing when seen from a different observer/reference frame perspective?
@nigelgreen5795 how to differant fringes measure speed, when they say that c is constant no matter if you going ro or away from what your shining the laser at?
@@hakaneskici2771 What really happens is the 2 beams have a different optical frequency due to the rotation and when you beat the 2 beams together in the beam combiner/ prism the difference is the Sagnac frequency. It is the Sagnac frequency that is proportional to the rotation rate.
i guess there is a whole plasma part omitted, which resulted in a weird statement that photons are attracted to the electrically charged electrodes, but they are most definitely not, unlike plasma ions
I worked with the inventor of the ring gyro. This technology is over 40 urs old. it was never meant to be placed on airplanes. It was developed for submarine navigation systems. The project was sold to a company that used it in missiles.
@@StringerNews1 The Sagnac Interferometer worked long before the first laser. about 45 years before in fact. We have been measuring earth rotation using light for over 100 years.
3:43 because the speed of light is constant (special relativity) you couldn't measure any difference. That's why you measure the frequency difference and not the speed difference. Frequency of light changes according to the speed of the source (like blue/red shift of galaxies in expanding universe)
Long ago I heard that a jet aircraft equipped with ring laser gyros that sits still on a runway or apron for a moment or two can know where it is with great precision, because the laser gyros measure the movement of the earth's spin to make that calculation.
It can calculate aircraft attitude, true north direction and latitude of its position, but that's it. You have to inform an IRS of its position while stationary on the ground before you can begin using them for navigation.
A single gyroscope aligned to measure heading of a vehicle that is sitting still on a level surface will also measure a fraction of Earth's rotation, depending on its position North or South of the equator. The closer to the North pole it is, the closer it will get to measuring 15 degrees per hour counter clockwise rotation while sitting still. The Sine function will approximate the rotation rate the gyroscope will measure. For example, in New York city it should be around 9.8 degrees per hour, London ~ 11.7, and ~ 0 at the equator. This requires an expensive and well calibrated gyroscope for any kind of precision.
@@odometric5946 Like a Foucault pendulum. Though building a Foucault pendulum into an airplane or submarine probably isn't very practical! Seriously, though, why would latitude make a difference with a gyro? A spinning gyro maintains a fixed plane in space. The platform (Earth) rotates at 15 degrees per hour at the equator as well as at the poles. I understand that there IS a difference with a Foucault pendulum, possibly because it is suspended from a point which varies with the Earth's rotation, so the plane of the swing would change, but I wouldn't expect that same behavior with a gyroscope on gimbals. The plane of the gyro at the poles would appear to rotate around the Earth's north/south axis, but at the equator, the plane of the gyro would appear (relative to the surface of the earth) to be rotating around the earth's (horizontal) surface.
That's true. Conservation of momentum means that even in flight, the rotation of earth influences the gyros. A plane flies between two points on earth, and those points move, so that movement has to be tracked. When the plane is parked, only the spin of the planet is acting on it. That gets recorded, and subtracted from all measurements in flight to yield the motion vs. earth's surface.
Здравствуйте. Благодарю за интересное видео. Мы как слепые котята; чёрные дыры, тёмная материя, тёмная энергия. А что если мы на все это посмотрим через простой новый эксперимент с гравитацией. «Взять на поверхности, земли гравитационное поле и им размазывать направлено скорость света» в оптических гироскопах которые несут по окружности, на специальной платформе без угловой скорости. (Типа опыт Майкельсона по обнаружении эфира; оптический опыт Саньяка вращающийся диск; мысленный опыт Эйнштейна с диском - все это в одном эксперименте)
as i understand, its pretty much measuring change in waveleinght caused by the doppler effect on a single axis? Doesnt vibration of an airplane frame causing shifts in waveleinght? How is that compesated?
They assume that their laser device is amazing Because it emitted bright and shiny laser, so they assumed it has no problems and it does not get into trouble, that's it !
piezo crystal emits voltage when squeezed used in knock sensors,great idea for dither pulses,preventing laser lockup.Iwonder what the service life is knock sensors were sometimes sensitive to heat.due to the surrounding components cracking or melting that held it together.It has been speculated that earthquake lites can be attributed to them .by examining them you can tell how many times the earths magnetic poles has shifted,about every 10k yrs ,this is known as the quickening ,and from what the crystals say were about due.
As a certified moron and idiot. I head up a UAV company that's in the middle of building a UAV using 6 JP10X JETS (4 vertical mounted in a Conard-style design and configuration for hover mode and 2 larger J10x rear mount horizontal motors to give us >450mph fwd thrust and (with "alterations") an altitude of >60,000ft ...
@@odissey2 thanks. Will look into it. You have a P/N or Series name by chance? Wow I’d totally forgotten about this Q! 7 months ago. Thanks for taking the time. As a tiny update of sorts; Our “track n trace” software munitions partner are Israel-based. And obviously after OCT 7th froze all partner projects to help arm their own country’s defence system. So for now we’re still doing test flights on the offensive side with BAe but we’ve had to place the defensive side on pause. Off topic but posted this yesterday somewhere asking around elsewhere by asking if anyone knows of a radar source for drone and missile sized objects? as we were going to make our own but after digging into it deeper… is another massive expense and seems some ppl are not fully up to speed as the Q I was replying to got closed due to it being an “opinion” vs facts. Never seen that before. So tagged a new note on in the same closed thread akd eager to hear thoughts. But our munitions (ATA / GYA tange is 45km and need a radar system that cover 3x more than that to give our AI tracking system time to ID the target. Lock-in. And then trace until insetted what to do. So been talking to several RF radar engineers & the way I understand it it’s just not effective to build in-house and best to just sub it out & use Someone else’s instead of reinventing the mousetrap? Any thoughts on that? I was thinking if the radar dish in the nose of 747/777/787 etc. those are huge shd go out 200lm? Someone challenged me in that as it’s not apples to apples. I dunno. Just seeking a HDR solution. By the way, of the many typos I made; in re-reading my question/comment I saw the gyro price I put down. I left a digit off. It’s $880k per UAV not 88k. Oops. A big oops. Kinda a big difference so will def be researching what you shared. Does it integrate with LIDAR any? Cheers
That's a great video for explaining Laser Gyroscopes, thank you!
The cathode emits electrons, not photons. electrons are attracted to the anodes, colliding with atoms of helium along the way. The excited helium atoms transfer energy to neon atoms which excites electrons in the neon atoms. when these electrons return to a lower energy state they emit photons.
But, isn't Helium considered expensive and difficult to contain within a certain space and rare element ?!
Einstein said you cannot measure light against light the result will always be null. This must be a fake instrument. The data must come from xyz accelerometers. The laser is just for show.
Yes indeed! These are gas-filled tubes, the cousins of thermionic valves. Ancient tech in a transistor age. The next generation, the fiber-optic gyro (FOG), uses solid state lasers, and has no moving parts.
@@StringerNews1 relativity says you cant measure light against light. The laser is just for show....
@@johnnym6700 the voices in your head have a name? Meanwhile, reality keeps happening...
Excellent
I think you have used the word 'frequency' at some points in the video where you should've used 'phase or phase difference'
@Nigel Green I didn't get that how frequency changes there is phase change due to distance change where is the frequency change can you show me ?
I think phase change alters the pattern intensity and frequency change alters the pattern itself. So you could have the same pattern with same frequency light and different phase, and have different pattern of light with same intensity for different frequencies.
I think we need to see the problem in relativistic terms, i.e., your frame of reference when looking at what is happening when the laser beams meet each other. Initially I thought phase shift was the issue, but isn't frequency shift just the same thing when seen from a different observer/reference frame perspective?
@nigelgreen5795 how to differant fringes measure speed, when they say that c is constant no matter if you going ro or away from what your shining the laser at?
@@hakaneskici2771 What really happens is the 2 beams have a different optical frequency due to the rotation and when you beat the 2 beams together in the beam combiner/ prism the difference is the Sagnac frequency. It is the Sagnac frequency that is proportional to the rotation rate.
i guess there is a whole plasma part omitted, which resulted in a weird statement that photons are attracted to the electrically charged electrodes, but they are most definitely not, unlike plasma ions
Coherent light isn't just one frequency, it's also in-phase. It's the phase coherence that makes it so useful for interferometry.
Light of all one frequency is simply known as "mono-chromatic".
Light that is ALSO perfectly in phase is called "Coherent".
Absolutely great explanation!
I worked with the inventor of the ring gyro. This technology is over 40 urs old. it was never meant to be placed on airplanes. It was developed for submarine navigation systems. The project was sold to a company that used it in missiles.
Never intended, but tecnology marches on and minituriseation happens
The very first iteration of the ring-laser "gyro" was the optical based Gyrocompasses.
2023 - 1963 = 60 years, not 40. The first laser was demonstrated in 1960.
@@StringerNews1 The Sagnac Interferometer worked long before the first laser. about 45 years before in fact.
We have been measuring earth rotation using light for over 100 years.
@@stuartgray5877 you and whom, exactly? Show me evidence of this in periodicals. I'm not holding my breath...
3:43 because the speed of light is constant (special relativity) you couldn't measure any difference. That's why you measure the frequency difference and not the speed difference. Frequency of light changes according to the speed of the source (like blue/red shift of galaxies in expanding universe)
Its sort of a way to trick the light into measuring itself (constructive/destructive interference of a wave with a reflection of itself)
Long ago I heard that a jet aircraft equipped with ring laser gyros that sits still on a runway or apron for a moment or two can know where it is with great precision, because the laser gyros measure the movement of the earth's spin to make that calculation.
It can calculate aircraft attitude, true north direction and latitude of its position, but that's it. You have to inform an IRS of its position while stationary on the ground before you can begin using them for navigation.
A single gyroscope aligned to measure heading of a vehicle that is sitting still on a level surface will also measure a fraction of Earth's rotation, depending on its position North or South of the equator. The closer to the North pole it is, the closer it will get to measuring 15 degrees per hour counter clockwise rotation while sitting still. The Sine function will approximate the rotation rate the gyroscope will measure. For example, in New York city it should be around 9.8 degrees per hour, London ~ 11.7, and ~ 0 at the equator. This requires an expensive and well calibrated gyroscope for any kind of precision.
@@odometric5946 kinda like the one those flat earther's used in an attempt to show a stationary earth! 🤣🤣🤣
@@odometric5946 Like a Foucault pendulum. Though building a Foucault pendulum into an airplane or submarine probably isn't very practical!
Seriously, though, why would latitude make a difference with a gyro? A spinning gyro maintains a fixed plane in space. The platform (Earth) rotates at 15 degrees per hour at the equator as well as at the poles. I understand that there IS a difference with a Foucault pendulum, possibly because it is suspended from a point which varies with the Earth's rotation, so the plane of the swing would change, but I wouldn't expect that same behavior with a gyroscope on gimbals. The plane of the gyro at the poles would appear to rotate around the Earth's north/south axis, but at the equator, the plane of the gyro would appear (relative to the surface of the earth) to be rotating around the earth's (horizontal) surface.
That's true. Conservation of momentum means that even in flight, the rotation of earth influences the gyros. A plane flies between two points on earth, and those points move, so that movement has to be tracked. When the plane is parked, only the spin of the planet is acting on it. That gets recorded, and subtracted from all measurements in flight to yield the motion vs. earth's surface.
Здравствуйте. Благодарю за интересное видео.
Мы как слепые котята; чёрные дыры, тёмная материя, тёмная энергия.
А что если мы на все это посмотрим через простой новый эксперимент с гравитацией.
«Взять на поверхности, земли гравитационное поле и им размазывать направлено скорость света» в оптических гироскопах которые несут по окружности, на специальной платформе без угловой скорости.
(Типа опыт Майкельсона по обнаружении эфира; оптический опыт Саньяка вращающийся диск; мысленный опыт Эйнштейна с диском - все это в одном эксперименте)
as i understand, its pretty much measuring change in waveleinght caused by the doppler effect on a single axis? Doesnt vibration of an airplane frame causing shifts in waveleinght? How is that compesated?
They assume that their laser device is amazing Because it emitted bright and shiny laser, so they assumed it has no problems and it does not get into trouble, that's it !
"In practice it is difficult to make light travel on a circular path" ha!
Unless you manipulate gravity
Thank you!
You're welcome!
piezo crystal emits voltage when squeezed used in knock sensors,great idea for dither pulses,preventing laser lockup.Iwonder what the service life is knock sensors were sometimes sensitive to heat.due to the surrounding components cracking or melting that held it together.It has been speculated that earthquake lites can be attributed to them .by examining them you can tell how many times the earths magnetic poles has shifted,about every 10k yrs ,this is known as the quickening ,and from what the crystals say were about due.
Sagnac Effect EXP
generates an ether
wind
I have Gyroids.
2:20 Is it really this big? 🤣🤣 Its should be 2x2x2 inch.
As a certified moron and idiot. I head up a UAV company that's in the middle of building a UAV using 6 JP10X JETS (4 vertical mounted in a Conard-style design and configuration for hover mode and 2 larger J10x rear mount horizontal motors to give us >450mph fwd thrust and (with "alterations") an altitude of >60,000ft ...
I didn't know morons and idiots could be certified. Tell me, please, how do I apply?
Honeywell makes small laser gyros (fiber based), which has a dimensions of less than 4"x4"x4".
@@odissey2 thanks. Will look into it. You have a P/N or Series name by chance? Wow I’d totally forgotten about this Q! 7 months ago. Thanks for taking the time. As a tiny update of sorts; Our “track n trace” software munitions partner are Israel-based. And obviously after OCT 7th froze all partner projects to help arm their own country’s defence system. So for now we’re still doing test flights on the offensive side with BAe but we’ve had to place the defensive side on pause.
Off topic but posted this yesterday somewhere asking around elsewhere by asking if anyone knows of a radar source for drone and missile sized objects? as we were going to make our own but after digging into it deeper… is another massive expense and seems some ppl are not fully up to speed as the Q I was replying to got closed due to it being an “opinion” vs facts. Never seen that before. So tagged a new note on in the same closed thread akd eager to hear thoughts. But our munitions (ATA / GYA tange is 45km and need a radar system that cover 3x more than that to give our AI tracking system time to ID the target. Lock-in. And then trace until insetted what to do. So been talking to several RF radar engineers & the way I understand it it’s just not effective to build in-house and best to just sub it out & use Someone else’s instead of reinventing the mousetrap? Any thoughts on that? I was thinking if the radar dish in the nose of 747/777/787 etc. those are huge shd go out 200lm? Someone challenged me in that as it’s not apples to apples. I dunno. Just seeking a HDR solution. By the way, of the many typos I made; in re-reading my question/comment I saw the gyro price I put down. I left a digit off. It’s $880k per UAV not 88k. Oops. A big oops. Kinda a big difference so will def be researching what you shared. Does it integrate with LIDAR any? Cheers
And who fixes it when it breaks.
@@B00ZEBAR0N There is a Bird Aerosystems in Israel, who makes tactical radars commercially