GOAT. Been watching your videos since High school and now i'm almost half way through med school. I used to find them complex and would have to watch slowly and pause. Now I've learned so much and you're vidoes are great review for 1.5x speed. You're the best. Once I'm out of debt i'll support that patreon :(
i love this comment. -- first year in med school here. first physio lecture on homeostasis (positive/negative feedback) and was interested in learning a bit more about partruition.
The oestrogen level does not drop before labour. Oestrogen drops when the placenta is born. At the end of pregnancy the oestogen increases and with that increasing in the amount of oxytocin receptors in the uterus, which - along with gap junctions - "wirres" the uterus up, ready for making contractions during labour. Oestrogen is still present during labour.
Yeah, that's what I read in many research articles. Progesterone's role is to maintain the pregnancy while estrogen has an opposite effect. At the end of pregnancy, the progesterone levels dropped while the estrogen levels increased. However, I could not find the references that explained why the progesterone decreased and estrogen increased. If you have the references that explain this, would you mind giving me the link, please?
i go to medical university in belgrade serbia and this helped me a lot to prepare for my exams. its nicely structured to even add on during my gynecology studies
At the end of pregnancy, there's actually a huge increase in estrogen to increase oxytocin receptors in the myoemtrium and it also increase muscle excibility in the uterus. This is opposite progestrone that would decrease oxyotcin receports and decrease muscle smooth muscle excibility to prevent delivery during pregnancy.
Progesterone will decrease, this is called functional progesterone withdrawal, and estrogen will increase to increase oxytocin receptors, so that more contractions occur. Prostaglandins will increase too, and cause uterine contractions
I had some confusion with this video, please let me know if anyone else has learned it this way too. From my understanding, what initiates contractions is when estrogen levels surpass progesterone. The graph he shows does not show an accurate relation between the two hormones. For most of pregnancy, progesterone is dominant. This is why you see no uterine contractions despite rising estrogen levels (P4 will inhibit the effects of oxytocin and prostaglandins). But at some point, the placenta max's out on how much progesterone it's producing, yet estrogen continues to rise due to feedback loops between the fetus and placenta. When estrogen surpasses progesterone, it can now start to express oxyt. receptors and help produce PGs, resulting in increasingly frequent and forceful contractions as the positive feedback loops keep going. The drop in both hormones at the end doesn't induce labor, rather it's just the expulsion of the placenta so you no longer are producing either hormone.
Yeah, I am confused too. Many research articles mentioned that Progesterone's role is to maintain the pregnancy while estrogen has an opposite effect. At the end of pregnancy, the progesterone levels dropped while the estrogen levels increased. The alteration in the ratio of estrogen and progesterone improves oxytocin receptors and prostaglandin production that support the myometrium contraction. However, I could not find the references that explained why the progesterone decreased and estrogen increased. If you have the references that explain this, would you mind giving me the link, please? Thank you 😃
@@iindrayani6718 progesterone decreases maybe because u dont have to maintain pregnancy after baby is completely developed, estrogen has opposite effect so it has to rise? im not sure just guessing
correct me if im wrong but shouldnt estrogen be a bit lower than progesterone at the start of gestation and as it progresses it eventually overcomes progesterone concentration nearing parturition?
Yes, increase estrogen over progesterone ratio towards end of pregnancy is also partly responsible for increase uterus contraction.....(source Guyton physiology)
this has helped me with my zoo biology degree! - yes I know i study animals but trying to find a video like this on animals is hard, but i only wanted the hormones and watching this video helps with visualising it so thank you!!!
It would be cool if you could connect all of this to how the external environment affects hormones that can impede or facilitate labor. For example, when women are stressed in labor and the sympathetic nervous system is activated, stress hormones inhibit oxytocin. Another example is melatonin, which works with oxytocin. Also, what about the role of relaxin in birth?
Absolutely well-done! Clear explanation w/ drawings really make it super easy to understand this process. All of a sudden, it doesn't seem so quite complex. Thank you :-)
According to me prostaglandins also have nothing to do with uterine contractions, but focus on softening and opening the cervix... Lots of questions raised in this video.
for the hormones released by mother, is it safe to say that the progesterone aids in the relaxation of the muscles of the abdomen which enables the baby to form a shape as it grows... While the oxytocin aids to continue blood supply when the uterine muscle contracts as the uterus grow larger which ables the good blood circulation to supply nutrition to the fetus....
your videos are interesting because of your drawings, they really seek attention and attracion this what makes youunique from other teachers and this is what made me subscribe to your channel
Shame on u .....God is just one the Almighty,the great,the creator,the powerful the creator of armondo and everyone else ....so plz make sure to not comment like this again
Very clear. Next, csn you explain why the baby may come out too late snd other cases too early, please? Possibly by an inbaalance of hormones? Dies nutrition, genetic mothers built or endoctynological fault/disfunction contributes to early or late labour??? Thank you. Oh, is there a way to correct or prevwent such outcomes?? Much appreciated! T.zJ.
during parturition, does the oestrogen level decreases or increases? based on our book, only the progesterone decreases, and both the prostaglandins and oestrogen increases. i'm confused.
Sensory nerves which are sending signals of uterus contraction to mother's brain I want to know this sensory nerves are sympathetic or parasympathetic ?
just simple just awesome....i was reading textbook of obsterics but i can't understand...then i saw your video just amazing...now i completely understand about this.....keep making brother
+sujith94510 Yes, I have the same question as well. It is supposed to be like the estrogen level will take over progesterone, so contraction of uterus can be made possible. Anyone can help, please? Thanks!
+Suzie C. The oestrogen levels increases more than the progestoron levels near parturition.The progestrone level drops near the term, allowing the prostaglandin levels to rise. Oestrogen drops when the placenta is born. At the end of pregnancy the oestogen increases the amount of oxytocin receptors in the uterus, which - along with gap junctions - "wirres" the uterus up, ready for making contractions during labour. The prostaglandins stimulates softens the tissue in the cervix and also stimulates the making of more oxytocin receptors.
The progesterone levels remain high, but the number of receptors for them are downregulated, causing the estrogen to be more effective than progesterone. Despite progesterone not changing in its concentration, due to a decrease in its receptors there is a functional withdrawal of progesterone, allowing myometrial contractility.
Fun fact, it’s believed that normal morning sickness is caused by Hcg which is why it peaks early and stops around week 12 as levels drop. In contrast Hyperemesis (nausea and vomiting persisting all through pregnancy) has a whole different cause (its genetic) and is likely triggered by the hcg as well as high levels progesterone. I suffer from HG during pregnancy and even birth control with progesterone makes me sick. So this is why what works for women with morning sickness does not work for women with HG (so for the love of god stop telling us to eat crackers and ginger)
Love your drawing! And Btw I thought HCG peaks from 9th to 11th week. You said 7th week, did I hear that right? Not to make it a biggy, but the nausea comes kicking in real hard with the HCG peak so you want to have this one right ;)
This was a great video- can i ask i was under the impression that prostaglandin directly softens the cervix as well making it stretchy- is this correct?
I love how awkward you are with saying "leaving the vagina" or anything - it's always "Urm, you know, come out essentially" haha ! Still, great video, thanks so much !
Literally amidst revision into all this shizz.... extravillous trophoblasts and stuff... this will be amazing to watch when I have a moment!!!!! THANK YOU ARMANDO!
![[🔴LIVE] งานประกาศรางวัล MAYA TV AWARDS 2024 : มายามหาชน](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/nwmWYXXVwBY/mqdefault.jpg)
GOAT. Been watching your videos since High school and now i'm almost half way through med school. I used to find them complex and would have to watch slowly and pause. Now I've learned so much and you're vidoes are great review for 1.5x speed. You're the best. Once I'm out of debt i'll support that patreon :(
i love this comment. -- first year in med school here. first physio lecture on homeostasis (positive/negative feedback) and was interested in learning a bit more about partruition.
@@jsabz3 Good luck! I'm an intern now and love it. Keep it up
Yes It helped me a lot
Great video on the science behind parturition and the role of hormones in pregnancy and giving birth
The oestrogen level does not drop before labour. Oestrogen drops when the placenta is born. At the end of pregnancy the oestogen increases and with that increasing in the amount of oxytocin receptors in the uterus, which - along with gap junctions - "wirres" the uterus up, ready for making contractions during labour. Oestrogen is still present during labour.
Ur right but oestrogen level of maternal ovary increases but in case of placenta l estrogen decreases
Yeah, that's what I read in many research articles. Progesterone's role is to maintain the pregnancy while estrogen has an opposite effect. At the end of pregnancy, the progesterone levels dropped while the estrogen levels increased. However, I could not find the references that explained why the progesterone decreased and estrogen increased. If you have the references that explain this, would you mind giving me the link, please?
Thank you for sharing your knowledge
@@iindrayani6718 yeah why it happens ???
What are the factors behind this phenomenon??
@@iindrayani6718 this is correct.
i go to medical university in belgrade serbia and this helped me a lot to prepare for my exams. its nicely structured to even add on during my gynecology studies
At the end of pregnancy, there's actually a huge increase in estrogen to increase oxytocin receptors in the myoemtrium and it also increase muscle excibility in the uterus. This is opposite progestrone that would decrease oxyotcin receports and decrease muscle smooth muscle excibility to prevent delivery during pregnancy.
You are talking abt Prostaglandin.
yes i was also thinking same thing
Progesterone will decrease, this is called functional progesterone withdrawal, and estrogen will increase to increase oxytocin receptors, so that more contractions occur. Prostaglandins will increase too, and cause uterine contractions
Clarity at its best.
Thanks for the video. You literally saved my life on tomorrow's final test.
you are the best teacher i have ever seen!
I had some confusion with this video, please let me know if anyone else has learned it this way too.
From my understanding, what initiates contractions is when estrogen levels surpass progesterone. The graph he shows does not show an accurate relation between the two hormones. For most of pregnancy, progesterone is dominant. This is why you see no uterine contractions despite rising estrogen levels (P4 will inhibit the effects of oxytocin and prostaglandins). But at some point, the placenta max's out on how much progesterone it's producing, yet estrogen continues to rise due to feedback loops between the fetus and placenta. When estrogen surpasses progesterone, it can now start to express oxyt. receptors and help produce PGs, resulting in increasingly frequent and forceful contractions as the positive feedback loops keep going. The drop in both hormones at the end doesn't induce labor, rather it's just the expulsion of the placenta so you no longer are producing either hormone.
Yeah, I am confused too. Many research articles mentioned that Progesterone's role is to maintain the pregnancy while estrogen has an opposite effect. At the end of pregnancy, the progesterone levels dropped while the estrogen levels increased. The alteration in the ratio of estrogen and progesterone improves oxytocin receptors and prostaglandin production that support the myometrium contraction.
However, I could not find the references that explained why the progesterone decreased and estrogen increased. If you have the references that explain this, would you mind giving me the link, please? Thank you 😃
@@iindrayani6718 progesterone decreases maybe because u dont have to maintain pregnancy after baby is completely developed, estrogen has opposite effect so it has to rise? im not sure just guessing
correct me if im wrong but shouldnt estrogen be a bit lower than progesterone at the start of gestation and as it progresses it eventually overcomes progesterone concentration nearing parturition?
Yes, increase estrogen over progesterone ratio towards end of pregnancy is also partly responsible for increase uterus contraction.....(source Guyton physiology)
this has helped me with my zoo biology degree! - yes I know i study animals but trying to find a video like this on animals is hard, but i only wanted the hormones and watching this video helps with visualising it
so thank you!!!
Finally!! Where was this when I needed it 3 years ago..
this is amazing. you have great powers of artistic skills and explaining things simply. thank you.
It would be cool if you could connect all of this to how the external environment affects hormones that can impede or facilitate labor. For example, when women are stressed in labor and the sympathetic nervous system is activated, stress hormones inhibit oxytocin. Another example is melatonin, which works with oxytocin. Also, what about the role of relaxin in birth?
I am from india 🙏🚩🙏
I love this ❤
I make easy to remember and concept clear theory with concept
Absolutely well-done! Clear explanation w/ drawings really make it super easy to understand this process. All of a sudden, it doesn't seem so quite complex. Thank you :-)
Vids are pinned on Kaplan modules. I wonder the type of markers he uses🤔. The Art is perfection!
According to me prostaglandins also have nothing to do with uterine contractions, but focus on softening and opening the cervix... Lots of questions raised in this video.
I'm actually falling in love with your hands right now.
weirdo :(
I love your style of describe, make us easier to understand by drawing 😊 Thank you very much doctor.
Really helpful and thorough thank you
for the hormones released by mother, is it safe to say that the progesterone aids in the relaxation of the muscles of the abdomen which enables the baby to form a shape as it grows... While the oxytocin aids to continue blood supply when the uterine muscle contracts as the uterus grow larger which ables the good blood circulation to supply nutrition to the fetus....
Your drawing is damn cool in clear😊😊
Additional criticism: it's nearly 10 months, usually ~280 days. So about 10 lunar cycles/10 menstrual cycles.
your videos are interesting because of your drawings, they really seek attention and attracion this what makes youunique from other teachers and this is what made me subscribe to your channel
Armando, you are a GOD.
Agreed!
MedEdCYP450 no hes not
GOD what do you mean ?
Human being can never be compared with GOD may be gods I don't know what do you mean ?
Shame on u .....God is just one the Almighty,the great,the creator,the powerful the creator of armondo and everyone else ....so plz make sure to not comment like this again
Very clear. Next, csn you explain why the baby may come out too late snd other cases too early, please? Possibly by an inbaalance of hormones? Dies nutrition, genetic mothers built or endoctynological fault/disfunction contributes to early or late labour??? Thank you.
Oh, is there a way to correct or prevwent such outcomes?? Much appreciated! T.zJ.
This is a great explanation and the pictures REALLY help!
during parturition, does the oestrogen level decreases or increases? based on our book, only the progesterone decreases, and both the prostaglandins and oestrogen increases. i'm confused.
Oxytocin level prostaglandin increase
Your work is just amazing ! We need professor as you :)
Omg your video makes me so easy to understand.. Thankyou so much.. Hopefully you can share more and more.
You. are. the. man.
Keep the good work .. thanx alot
Tq so much you make it so simple & understanding
nice work man
You are amazing
Excellent explaination thank you Sir
Armando, you did not talk abt one important hormone called Relaxin which will dilate the Cervix
Sensory nerves which are sending signals of uterus contraction to mother's brain I want to know this sensory nerves are sympathetic or parasympathetic ?
THIS IS SO HELPFUL, THANK YOU!!!!!!!
Dear doctor. I can not see the video "Physiological changes during pregnancy" could you help me with that please
Thank u so much sir for such amazing lecture😊
You are amazing. Keep up the good work!
just simple just awesome....i was reading textbook of obsterics but i can't understand...then i saw your video just amazing...now i completely understand about this.....keep making brother
Thank you so much. This helps me a lot for my exam .
Thank you, that was pretty helpful👌
Glad to find u! U makes things pretty easy to understand!
U r so an amazing artist
Why there is fetal stress occurs at the beginning?
keep up the good work Armando Hasudungan
Sorry pal but aren't oestrogen levels predominant during parturition?
+sujith94510
Yes, I have the same question as well. It is supposed to be like the estrogen level will take over progesterone, so contraction of uterus can be made possible. Anyone can help, please? Thanks!
+Suzie C. The oestrogen levels increases more than the progestoron levels near parturition.The progestrone level drops near the term, allowing the prostaglandin levels to rise. Oestrogen drops when the placenta is born. At the end of pregnancy the oestogen increases the amount of oxytocin receptors in the uterus, which - along with gap junctions - "wirres" the uterus up, ready for making contractions during labour. The prostaglandins stimulates softens the tissue in the cervix and also stimulates the making of more oxytocin receptors.
The progesterone levels remain high, but the number of receptors for them are downregulated, causing the estrogen to be more effective than progesterone. Despite progesterone not changing in its concentration, due to a decrease in its receptors there is a functional withdrawal of progesterone, allowing myometrial contractility.
Sir make a video on hypothyroidism please
Where can I get these notes sir .
Fun fact, it’s believed that normal morning sickness is caused by Hcg which is why it peaks early and stops around week 12 as levels drop. In contrast Hyperemesis (nausea and vomiting persisting all through pregnancy) has a whole different cause (its genetic) and is likely triggered by the hcg as well as high levels progesterone. I suffer from
HG during pregnancy and even birth control with progesterone makes me sick. So this is why what works for women with morning sickness does not work for women with HG (so for the love of god stop telling us to eat crackers and ginger)
Thank you!
Thank you so much
great video!!
I thought cortisol inhibited prostaglandins, is it different during birth?
Its nice and complicated! Luckily I don't need to know that for my upcoming exams :D
Thank you sir
Thanks alot❤❤
Amazing..
Great 🤩
thank you so much
Thanks a lot 😄 i will remember it for life ❤
nice...can make video for complete anatomy of neuroanatomy...U way of explaining is so good...
I learned more in 10 minutes than I did in 6 weeks mind is blown.you are the man!!!!
Thnx more i was confused about onset of labor now am understand
Great job U are wonderful Thank You
You are genius
Can you turn on the subtitle?
keep up the good work.
Awesome work 👌
any one tell me ...other popular medical video site like armandoo for quick learning.
Touhid Islam Paul Bolin, osmosis, Khan academy
""When the baby WANTS to come out"" Too many times I've seen this to be true.
Thanks sir for vedio...👍
Armando plzz share more video on physiology and can.
Thank you sir...
Can someone
Please tell me the app that was advertised at the beginning of this video, my life depends on it it was a video science learning app
appreciate you
Thank you.
point to be noted 6:44
Thanks
You are the best :)
Very useful 👌
thank you for this video... great job at explaining
Thank you 😊
Love from Pakistan 🇵🇰🇵🇰❤
thank u soo mush for this awesome lecture.....
Really helped me. Thank you
bundle of thanks Sir ❤️
guys, is parturition equal labor?
Can you please make this video in german?
Love your drawing! And Btw I thought HCG peaks from 9th to 11th week. You said 7th week, did I hear that right? Not to make it a biggy, but the nausea comes kicking in real hard with the HCG peak so you want to have this one right ;)
This was a great video- can i ask i was under the impression that prostaglandin directly softens the cervix as well making it stretchy- is this correct?
Best video ever beheld.
woow this is so great,thnx for your lecture
Kindly correctify this video mistakes so that it will not impart wrong knowledge
I love how awkward you are with saying "leaving the vagina" or anything - it's always "Urm, you know, come out essentially" haha ! Still, great video, thanks so much !
Literally amidst revision into all this shizz.... extravillous trophoblasts and stuff... this will be amazing to watch when I have a moment!!!!! THANK YOU ARMANDO!
Great video.
Fine
do you make the animation as well?