Supercapacitor Joule Thief
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 14 พ.ค. 2024
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Parts list, schematic on Instructables: www.instructables.com/id/Super...
Parts list (affiliate links):
Aliexpress:
BC637 NPN BJT: s.click.aliexpress.com/e/_dYX...
1kΩ or 2kΩ Resistor: s.click.aliexpress.com/e/_d6W...
Ferrite Toroid Core: s.click.aliexpress.com/e/_d9c...
Enameled copper wire: s.click.aliexpress.com/e/_d6Y...
LED: s.click.aliexpress.com/e/_dY8...
Supercapacitor: s.click.aliexpress.com/e/_d8L...
Ebay:
BC637 NPN BJT: rover.ebay.com/rover/1/711-532...
1kΩ or 2kΩ Resistor: rover.ebay.com/rover/1/711-532...
Ferrite Toroid Core: rover.ebay.com/rover/1/711-532...
Enameled copper wire: rover.ebay.com/rover/1/711-532...
LED: rover.ebay.com/rover/1/711-532...
Supercapacitor: rover.ebay.com/rover/1/711-532...
Amazon.de:
BC637 NPN BJT: amzn.to/29sfdTa
1kΩ or 2kΩ Resistor: amzn.to/1E9uEhN
Ferrite Toroid Core: amzn.to/29sg9XB
Enameled copper wire: amzn.to/29sfxkU
LED: amzn.to/29sfTYR
Supercapacitor: amzn.to/29MqJOG
In this video I will show you how I created a very popular and easy to build circuit, the joule thief, in order to power LEDs with voltages from 0.5V to 2.5V.
Music:
2011 Lookalike by Bartlebeats - วิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี
Your handwriting is absolutely phenomenal, just so you know.
Thank you
So is his "handy-work" at 0:44 ;D
@@BillAnt not really...
This is one of the reasons I love these videos, the idea of writing everything out on paper really gets the idea across.
Definitely not a doctor.
شكرا جزيلا انا مشترك عربي مند 2018 واجمل جزء هو انك ترجمت حلقتك للعربية وحققت حلمي
thank you so match I
am subscribing to your channel since 2018 and I am very happy to translate the content of this video to the Arabic and for your achievement my dream is to understand all the information 🙏🌹🌹
“capable of delivering 69 joules”
nice.
Nice
Steel ball co2 bb pistols deliver 3 joules at muzzle. That makes the 4.5mm ball go thru thick glass, enter and exit thick alloy can and for sure go inside human flesh. Insane cap...
@Heads Mess Yes, but in any way well timed and proper cap would accelarate the steel ball significantly with a powerful coil after the ball have had its initial 120m/s Co2 accelaration. A project amongst many others Im dreaming experimenting of :)
@Heads Mess Thanks. I do have some math to do and a lot to read if I'll ever get to this project. So many other things to do...
that is the best the coolest oscilloscope i've ever seen in my life
We're inclined to agree with you!
Too bad they cost more than a car
☣droid☣ wait what? how much they cost?
~$16,000
+Markovip not that expensive. 16k is a reasonable price
This was one of the best explanations of the components in operation and function of a Joule Thief I have seen. Thanks for the great video, really enjoyed the SC twist to the circuit.
0:39 *emergency fleshlights*
0:44
This thread is phenomenal
i love how complete this video is, especially walking through the circuit and debugging
das ist der Schlüssel zum erfolg auf TH-cam! aufwendieges Video, gute Produktion und guter Inhalt. mein Lieblingskanal
Still don't know half the stuff you say but it's still interesting
I found that using gases or water to explain how electric circuits work makes things a lot easier to understand. Basically, for the Joule thief, the transistor causes flow in one direction through the coil, which then causes the flow to stop due to the magnetic interference of the coils going in opposite directions, which stops the transistor, but all that electricity in between the coil and transistor acts like a small capacitor (quick-discharge battery), and the current from that part of the wire gets added to the current of the battery, to power the LED, then that emptying of the capacitor-like wire causes current from the battery to be able to flow to the transistor again, and the whole thing repeats itself.
I found that using water or gases to explain how electric circuits work makes things a lot easier to understand. Basically, the transistor causes flow in one direction through the coil, which then causes the flow to stop due to the magnetic interference of the coils going in opposite directions, which stops the transistor, but all that electricity in between the coil and transistor acts like a small capacitor (quick-discharge battery), and the current from that part of the wire gets added to the current of the battery, to power the LED, then that emptying of the capacitor-like wire causes current from the battery to be able to flow to the transistor again, and the whole thing repeats itself. Electricity also has inertia.
Your explanations are so easy to understand.
Greatscott your videos are superpacked with knowledge. Almost every second of them. Love them all. Respect.
Wow you have such nice handwriting! One of my old EE professors used to get super pissed when he couldn't read people's handwriting haha
I wasn't the only one thinking his handwriting was nice.
You know they could fail people with correct work, if they have bad hand writing.
Any one is supposed to be able to read it.
Though the higher you go in education the worse most teachers got.
Except his numbers lol
I'm glad it wasnt just me thinking this and he's a lefty to boot :-)
I get angry when people give me illegible hand writing. I mean if your 4s look like 7s how am I supposed to interpret what you wrote?
That oscilloscope looked kick ass.
Nice overview of the engineering details required to efficiently power an LED from a Supercap. Looking forward to your other videos.
I did not understand a single word you said but I kept watching the video because of your left-hand writing while talking about all the electronics stuff... It made me feel smart..
I dont understand a thing. but it looks cool.
+Chaaan Chaan Limbaroc
I think it's a sort of restrictor. The capacitor will output power with quickly fading voltage. It'll ouput more then needed early, then not enough later.
The inductor and transistor are the working components, one working in each stage (inductor is the coil and is like wireless energy transfer at point blank, and the transistor is like a voltage-actuated switch).
When the capacitor would normally output too much, the transistor cuts the connection until the power is used, then lets the capacitor supply another pulse of power. This simulates lowered voltage, I suppose. Lower average voltage in return for longer runtime. (That's good here. Didn't need that extra voltage, but did need that time.)
Later, when the capacitor runs low, the inductor starts forcing the capacitor to drain faster by adding extra pull on the output. (Less time in the not-enough voltage range, but now the voltage is enough. Also good.)
In all, I think the system reduces the too-bright time and the too-dim time and turns much of it into a what-we-need time.When the voltage is too high, though, the transistor gives up.
thanks man. It really helped alot!
Damn, even I could manage to understand that after your explanation...
If you care to learn a bit more about the inner workings of this circuit, take a look at:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joule_thief
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blocking_oscillator
WTF MAN?? 😂😂
Very nice video, very shortly but comprehensibly describing whats going on in that circuit. Will there be a follow up video with more advanced circuitry that counteracts the voltage differences and tries to stay in optimal working point ? Thanks...
This was almost the exact problem I had to solve for my final exam for intro to circuits class at MIT. This video takes me back, lol.
Well done Great Scott! Clear and precise.
Such GREAT videos GreatScott! So very informative and entertaining.
Thanks mate
+GreatScott! hello?
The problem with the classic simple joule thief is it's horrible efficiency! I was able to improve the design a tad bit by messing around with the feedback coil and adding a series capacitor, turning it into a blocking oscillator, and adding a "peak detector" circuit to reduce the ripple current in the LEDs, which improves the LED efficiency, although additional loss in the diode is created. By adding a zener diode to that connected to another transistor to short the base of the main switching transistor to ground, you end up effectively making a very basic regulated boost converter!
So much for keeping it simple. You just ran with it.
2 transistors, a zener diode, a few resistors, and a few capacitors is simple IMO. And much better, because at least it is regulated. And with the right parts you can get many hundreds of regulated volts on the output!
But the losses increase by adding complexity to the circuit. I think the Joule thief is a great little circuit as is and perfect to help encourage people to experiment with electronics. But that aside why no recent projects or tutorials?
I like simple circuits too, but I generally notice simpler circuits are less efficient. Which is fine for some/many applications. A well designed boost converter or charge pump should be very efficient, much more so than this joule thief. I think the reason why it's efficiency is poor is because the oscillator relies on a positive feedback loop that only terminates when core saturation is reached. Reaching core saturation is not a cut and dry threshold, but more like a diminishing returns on how much energy is stored in the magnetic flux vs put in. So some loss comes because the inductor does not return all the energy Q1 put into it. Also you can see in the video how Q1 turns off gradually as the core saturates, which means there will be significant switching losses, which you may become painfully aware by burning your finger on Q1! :O Also, BJTs are generally not the best for switching applications, because they generally have a limit to how low the Vce voltage drop can be, generally about 0.4V depending on base current.
Why have I not made any videos on my channel? Because I have been really busy and just not had time to keep up with youtube. (going to UVA!!! :) ) Also I recently acquired the Art of Electronics, so I have been holding off on my capacitor tutorial video just to make sure that everything I talk about is as correct as possible.
Can you edit the 'very basic' part, please?
it's the first time i see a video of yours. it's great you make the analysis, no one does
you build and explain in such great scott detail
i like your hand writing
Southpaws often have either better handwriting, or really bad scrawl, because it takes us more effort to write than it does for most people. I scrawl my personal notes [and can read them!], but print quickly and neatly if others will be reading it. Maybe GS does the same.
Very well-explained and clear. Thank you very much, GreatScott!
You're welcome
As usually, you get a great description. Thank you!
That is one fancy scope, and a great explanation of the Joule Thief. :D
This would be a really good precursor to why Laplace (edit) transforms are used in RLC (resistor, inductor, and capacitor) circuit analysis & design.
22 farad cap? Wow. I remember back in the days, when 1F capacitor was large like standard-issue switchboard.
I used to be so lost watching your videos, but now that I took physics 2 I can actually follow along
very good explanation and great simple projects for my student as well! This design I used it for my garden solar led system and it works perfectly!
WoW I am jealous of that 500MHz scope!
no need to be jelous. If you want good oscilloscope but with low cost, don't chase scopes on shelf. Oscilloscopes are made to last for looong time. for example i got Tektronix 2440 500MS/s for 300€ including shipping and it's over 30 years old. And it is STILL going strong.
Save money for proper one. Dont go with "poket" or "pc" scopes. It do not need to be lcd or light weight, BUT make sure it stands for your purpose of use. Here is something you need to consider when buying an old scope:
Analog/digital (digital have more options & usage but analog ALWAYS shows correctly. Voltage spike detection depends on sample rate)
Channel count (2 is pretty standard an good for general purpose. 4ch is for more complicated applications like communications and multi prosessor...and so on)
voltage range (normal scope can take 400v spike, in other words 800v spike-to-spike. so check that before you plug prope to wallsocket)
digital scope stuff:
samplerate (faster the better it is. WARNING some scopes uses "averageing" to create "better" samplerate.)
memory resolution: for digital stuff byte per sample is good enough but for analog circuits need more accurate samples...
memory width: how long can scope record. this is a problem with old scopes. back then there was very little memory available. (I have to strugle with 1024 bytes but with delayed trigger i can analyze very accurately that did my app send to my circuit and trouble shoot it)
and for more stuff you need to know, go watch scope guides from EEVBlog... they know a lot more than i do (just an engineer student). :)
Good hunting.
Me too! It looks the business.
Dangerous_CODE Thanks for info mate...
As Afromantech said "I never invest more than 400$ in a scope ever!"
np :)
2:55 what kind of multi meter hooks are they! thy're so freaking awesome :o they would solve most of my life problems!
none at all. that's the scope probe. or to be precise, a spring loaded "Retractable Hook Tip" you can put on the tip of said probe.
always a pleasure Scott.
I always look forward to your videos, can't wait for the next. Great channel. Big thumbs up.
"In the beginning, a small amount of base current only lets a small amount of collector current flow" ...that's.....is that in Genesis?
Let there be electromagnetic radiation!
@Heads Mess Yeah.. that was the joke. It's a play on "Let there be light." as God said in Genesis.
It would be interesting to compare the total time the LED is on using the Joule Thief circuit compared with how long the LED would stay on just using a series current regulating diode or J-FET current source. You would have to adjust the average brightness of the two circuits for a valid comparison. This would tell you if the Joule Thief circuit was actually able to transfer more energy out of the supercap to the LED for the entire time the LED remains on or not, compared with a current source circuit. If you are using a source voltage that isn't high enough to turn on the LED, then you'll be forced to use some kind of boost converter. A small DC-DC converter may be more cost effective than using a large inductor core in the Joule Thief circuit.
The standard Joule Thief is 45 to 60 percent efficient.
I love your clean circuit diagrams.
I'm more at awe with your penmanship.
But grateful for making these videos!!
Interesting video. A few years ago I thought about getting one of those huge super caps to use as an emergency power supply to run some LED lighting since we were losing power so often but the city fixed whatever was causing the outages so I never did. After seeing this video I'm tempted to make it anyways since you can get super caps or even banks of them with protection for pretty cheap now.
0:06
It says Dre on it and the capacitor is green.
420 confirmed?
69 joules so yeah this cap is mlg certified
you are exactly great scott😍 you have great jobs with their theories.
Great videos man. Very clean and methodical. I love these. Thanks for producing such great instructional videos.
Can u make video on transistor and 12 v to 240 v .
you could try MCP1640 module. cheers
It works from 1V up (or more as I remember) wee ned something that works even below that...
Use an FET, rather than a BJT. A silicon BJT will never be able to work down to very low volts because it needs a minimum of 0.6V from base to emitter. I think a FET version of this circuit can go as low as 0.1V.
GRAHAMAUS I can't find any FET version of the mcp1640. Does anyone know one?
Que sorpresa
Y yo suscrito a tí también :v
Thank you for another awesome video @GreatScott!
Every week i learn something new about electronics :D and get ideas for my projects as well.
You're welcome ;-)
Thank you so much for teaching me in any opposite idea of the circuit😍
If humans are planets, then you and me are not even in the same solar system.
...You and I....
E Knaap you just prooved his point
It can be either "you and me" or "you and I".
LoganDark actually no
@@doftos Really, its a choice.
They just choose to be _wrong._
"You and _me_ travel to the beat of a different drum...."
Is there a specific reason why you chose the BC637, or is it just what you had lying around?
There's a specific reason.
@@mousamupadhyaya8053 which is?? this is so unhelpful -_-
I think this is because with the BC637 you can use 1A collector current, on the datasheet it says that this is a "high current transistor". This is really high, compared to, lets say the common 2n5088, which can withstand only 0.05A.
@@ReverbMaci oh wow that makes sense, thank you very much :)
I love your channel you are descriptive and you show alot of examples, I'm not good with circuits but I have a huge interest in building then
Excellent demonstration!
bigclive anyone?
yeah also watch his videos
+Andrew Morrow not the creator, maybe first vids but not at all the creator
Clive gets named checked in the Wikipdia article along with the guy who originated it, but like there were MP3 players before the iPod it's usually after something has been given a snappy name that the general public takes note and Clive did a great job there.
Clive made it popular but he does give the original guy the credit he deserves.
That Guy
Do you watch Big Clive?
No
You must watch Bigclivedotcom ! He's amazing!
StickySli Yeah everyone who's interested in doing these simple electronics projects should watch him.
I am simply not a fan of his video style. Most of the time I think it is boring. Not what he is talking about but how he presents it.
It's not rude if you don't like someone.
Excellent handwriting and
Drawing
Thank you. What if you use a 2* 2.7v 500 Farad in parallel or in series ?
LED Vtec
Can we use BC547 transistor?
Sure
You could also try it with an JFET.
+Loundre3 What is JFEt?
An JFET is another kind of transistor. They are more effecient then bipolar transistors and can work better at lower voltages.
It is a good question!
despite i dont understand (minimal knowledge about magnetic field and transistors), i love your videos. I loved your oscilloscope. following all your videos
I have been watching your videos for a while now and I must say they are very good and informative. I have learnt so much during this time thanks to you. The quality and overall finishing of the video is excellent. Thanks a Lot! Greeting from India!
I really don't like your videos, at all... I LOVE THEM!!! How many of those small parts storage drawer clusters do you have? I already have two, and im not sure how many I should buy. Thanks and keep up the good work!
I have 4 of them.
you're amazing, you should try making some videos on electromagnetism and teach us
Phewww... I was just about to slap you silly, then I read "I LOVE THEM!!!"... well, you've redeemed yourself ;D
By the way, tinkerers can never have enough drawers, that's just the basic law of "Storage" ;)
as many as you need
Ok Simon Cowel
Build your own supercap Scotty! Don't be lazy, there are enough tutorials on TH-cam
your videos are very interesting and encouraging for diy projects.... your way of presentation is simple too.... thanks bro😊
I know you don't care what people think, but I've noticed your speech difference is getting better. Rock on, GreatScott!
What?! It's a real 22 Farad SMALL Capacitor?
Yeah capacitors now are geting smaler
@@davewatch8304 how much smaller? If they needs more surface and mucho more less distancie between the plates or contacts
It's a supercapacitor, meaning it won't tolerate more than a couple volts.
@@diablominero ok, but then they are not able to accumulate enough energy for supplying high power devices, for instance, a drill, or they do? 😂
Can you make a video with 400F supercapacitor? What would be awesome :)
Very nice, neat and impressive, both diagram and Hand writing.
Famous genius people are left handed people. You will be the next GENIUS😊
I have no idea what I've just watched. has anyone seen my hat? it's a big pointy thing with the letter D on the front
I know it's sarcasm but i'll explain anyways.
The light has an operating limit. Once the voltage drops too low the light turns off. However there's still a lot of energy left in the capacitor. This circuit draws that power out and bumps up the voltage to make the light run longer. There were some issues like the circuit heating up too much or not functioning when there was too much energy in the capacitor, so he tries to troubleshoot those while still keeping the circuit simple.
Thank you for explaining, helped me understand it better
I have found it
69J
Nice
Youre so great in calculating
I idolized you very much👏
I love your work, a man of talent
why did you stick the magnet to it the led
Because there was a reed switch
Hey i have many of those black thingies with three legs, i wonder what other names it has, 8050D, TL431? I have other 5
a transistor?
Black thingies with three legs? Two of them make an ant.
GreatScott! What do you use a transistor ??? I am beginer
Bro did you steal my juul bro?! I swear bro if you did im gonna be mad bro! Like, bro if you have my juul give it to me bro
Awesome Video Dude. Very Cool. Keep up the great work. Nick.
I have made a bunch of different Joule Thieves, the best working one of them all I made using one of those chokes from a PC laptop power brick, it was about an inch long, I used a medium size lacquer wire that I recovered from an old pc power supply a long time ago. That one will work with a battery that barely raises the needle on my old VOM. I have tried both the lacquer wire and regular insulated wire, they both work about the same in my estimation. I have used LED's all the way from the 3mm up to a 1 watt, and all of them seem to light fairly well with them, what a great little circuit!
Excellent experimenting! 👍👍👍
I don't understand the patreon thing. Why don't you just have a PayPal acct so people can donate to it?
Paypal takes a percentage of the amount as well. So there's not much financial benefit to using paypal over patreon.
Patreon has a subscription service so people don't have to donate every month. If he uses patreon he can better track how much people donate every month and it is more stable than payments as people will be charged unless the unsubscribe. He doesn't have to worry about people forgetting to pay in a given month.
Subbed, high quality content
Just got bored tonight and made a super cap wind up torch, I'm impressed that a the 5.5v 1F cap I used gave me usable light for more than 7 mins.
awesome video clip with a great introduction
Great knowledge conveyed in this video 👍
You are so amazing with electronics.... Often i confuse people with my computer talk, but now i know how they feel!!
Also, i LOVE your videos :D
Ah yes, any sort of tech-talk would bewilder any type of outsider. :D
GreatScott!
awesome...
I love the play on words: "joule thief".
Yeaaaaa.... ^_^ old intro is back. Great VDO, Scott. :)
This video is that of a master... Good job man!
Thanke mate
You are doing amazing job here ;) I do like your videos ;) All the best to your channel!
Very cool!! Thanks for the video!
Enjoying your vids!
Ich habe absolut keine Ahnung über was du da redest, aber es ist sehr interessant dir zu zuhören :)
Отличная идея. Спасибо за видео. Будущее за супер конденсаторами.
Nice scope. Good video.
I think that you should do a new series called Oscilloscope Basics.It would be helpful for many people.Also please continue the Electronic Basics videos!!
omg i love your accent and channel SO MUCH
Man merkt richtig das du deutsch bist. Du machst ziemlich gute Videos. Like.
Man Love Your Videos Keep Them Coming
Thanks! Saludos desde Colombia!
69j? Nice
Scott shaking a torch?
*V E R Y N I C E*
Thanks for sharing
Great job
Another great video. Due to the speed in which you talk, I often have to rewind and listen again, but that's ok. You pack alot of information into each video and it takes me a bit of time to absorb it all. Just getting slow in my old age. lol.