As for soaking beans, the main reason to do it is to allow bacteria time to break down the **Raffinose** in your beans. Raffinose is a sugar that's indigestible to humans because we lack the right enzyme. But bacteria in our intestines can break it down. When bacteria break down Raffinose, gas is produced... And then later expelled. Soaking beans 8-12 hours reduces the Raffinose content. So soak your beans, your spouse will thank you.
Love your vids, probably seen every one of them. But isn't saying the language revival project is important because of it's value to American History kind of messed up? American history is why it went dormant for 150 years. Supporting it seems more important because its the right thing to do and because it's important to the future of the Wampanoag people.
That's the good thing about it. About half of the Algonquian languages really aren't spoken at all, anymore, but most of them were extremely well recorded, so not impossible to reasonabl reconstruct & revive.
I learned about the Wampanoag language reclamation during my masters program this year and its really amazing what they've been able to do and how hard they've worked to bring it back from the brink of extinction
@@iwontliveinfear There's actually a lot of reconstruction of classical Latin due to how the Italians wrote extensively about how poorly everyone else pronounced it. We've come a long way from everyone pronouncing C like S.
I am from Mashpee, MA, home of the "People of the First Light". Just wanted to let you know that Plimoth "Plantation" recently changed their name to Plimoth Patuxet. Thanks for doing this piece.
I did not know that. Thanks. Rhode Island recently took Plantation out of the state name. The evolution of meaning has scarred the word to only one (very bad) association. And adding Patuxet in is a nice honor to heritage of the land.
@@ragnkja I don't know if that's being done more often, or if I just notice it more. Towns in Alaska, lakes in Minnesota...so many English place names in North America are the name of some general or governor or such, often one who never even saw the place in question. It's better all around to return the original place names.
@@M_M_ODonnell Or the place is named after somewhere else (like Plymouth), but the name isn’t all that accurate for the new place it’s applied to. (I’m pretty sure Newcastle, Australia isn’t named after a castle that was built there, for example.)
How sad that their peaceful co-existence only lasted two generations (a generation being widely accepted as twenty-five years), then all heck broke loose. This was a very well-done video, Max, and the stew looks fantastic. Thank you.
In this case it really was one actual generation. One of the reasons for the lasting peace is that Bradford and Massasoit regularly went and stayed in each other's homes. One time when Massasoit became ill, Bradford went and personally nursed him back to health. These two men knew how their communities needed each other in order to survive. But when more English came and they did not have that mutual respect, Massasoit's son Metacom (aka King Phillip) and Bradford's son did not stay in each other's homes, and viewed each other's community as a threat. Metacom was the first Native American leader to try to unite the various tribes in a war against the English, but by that point it was already too late. His war, though unsuccessful, remains the most deadly war in "US" history in terms of the percentage of the English population who were killed.
Just thinking about the 'three sisters' it makes so much sense. I've had pumpkins (squashes) growing in the garden and they really do take over and shade out the weeds, mostly. Beans being nitrogen fixers would be good for the other 2 and corn providing something to climb for the beans ties it all together. Very cool.
Learning of that makes me sad for the equally brilliant Native knowledge that we could use today and must’ve lost as a result of forced cultural assimilation. The Western US is finding out the hard way why the natives here did regular prescribed burns, for instance, after record wildfires.
The way they used to grow the three sisters is simple genius. Simple, because once you know how is done there's nothing difficult about it, but genius because finding three plants that enhance each other's growth must have taken time and experimentations.
I’m so glad you’re doing things on indigenous foods and supporting the Wôpanâôk language project! I know a few words, “I love you” is Kuwámanush (or Kuwômônush)
I just want to say Thank you so much for making a wampanoag Thanksgiving dinner in honor of my Ancestors, Thank you for talking about the History of my Ancestors, I am a proud wampanoag Descendant of the seaconke wampanoag Tribe, & yess we Are still HERE, I've been on my reconnecting and healing journey for almost 3 years Now. Your video made me cry thank you for being a Beautiful human with a beautiful Heart. Happy Holidays to you & your Loved ones. A'ho ❤️
Excellent video! "We Still Live Here: Âs Nutayuneân" is an excellent documentary on the revitalization of the Wampanoag language that people should watch, if it has not already been mentioned here!
I love the spirit of how my family celebrated thanksgiving. In recent times I’ve become more aware of the pain the holiday brings for many. Thanks for doing this video with love.
Thank you for this one, I am a descendant of Joshua Tefft and his wife , Sara, Wampanoag. He was captured during King Phillips War, he chose to protect his wife and children. He is known as the only Englishman to be drawn and quartered by the British in this country. When his father went to claim hi remains he was beheaded
I’d really like someone to cover how Canada came to have thanksgiving as well and why it’s earlier, the focus always seems to be on the US one. Also, I did my firth three sisters garden this summer! My squash never fruited but I’m still calling is a success considering I’ve never done corn before and it’s been forever since I did beans!
@@SamAronow My in-laws in Canada celebrate Thanksgiving in mid to late October. It's not too much about Pilgrims though. They usually have baked ham instead of turkey. Fun fact, my 8th-grade history teacher told us that the Mayflower was supposed to dock in Jamestown, Virginia. A storm blew its way off course and they wound up landing on Cape Cod. Also, Basque fishermen had been fishing for cod along the New England and Canadian Maritime for 300 years at least. They would then dry and salt the cod and sail back to the Iberian Pennisula and sell a monopoly of bacalao.
@@SamAronow It was that particular group’s first harvest in the new land. Harvest-thanksgiving feasts have a very long and rich history in Europe, and presumably most other parts of the world, with a few obvious exceptions such as Antarctica.
If you do some research, youll find that Thanksgiving actually started in Canada, Not the US. The Pilgrim story is the first documented American Thanksgiving
A lot of us homesteaders still use the three sisters growing technique for our corn, beans, and squash :) When we get to spring planting in 2023, I'll tag you in the process. Granted, I grow popcorn and not sweet corn, but the method is still the same!
Having been on the reproduction of the Mayflower years ago when it was docked in Provincetown, MA, you are amazed at how incredibly small it was, and what a really perilous and frightening journey the Pilgrims had to make to get to America.
I found this brilliant episode more relevant because 3 of my ancestors (Rev. Brewster, Thomas Rogers, and Stephen Hopkins) were aboard the Mayflower in 1620. My Grandfather Hopkins was an informal ambassador to the Indian tribes since he had been exploring New England from around 1610. He knew the area well and even logged Samoset when the later came to Plymouth to welcome the Pligrims. I am fascinated by Squanto's story and it is a shame some English literary agent did not recognize the value of this saga.
There was a miniseries a while back called Saints and Strangers that does a pretty good job of telling this story as well. Thank you for this video - I would love to see more indigenous content! As an Anishinaabe who's trying to learn more about my own culture, I love seeing our collective history being shared with everyone! Maybe we could get videos on frybread or manoomin someday?
This is due to oligosaccharides. The human gut can't digest them, which is what leads to gas production and indigestion. In large enough amounts they can prove toxic to humans. Which is why we usually soak beans and then discard the soaking water. Apparently if you cook your beans long enough (5+ hours) it breaks the oligosaccharides down, making the soaking unnecessary.
Back in the early 1970s, I worked at Plimoth Plantation as a researcher, & then a costumed interpreter. One thing I got to do was cook in the open fireplace, with perid English recipes & tools. It was great fun, and I learned so much. Churning butter by hand, not so much fun.
Thank you so much for doing an episode on Thanksgiving. So many people seem to pass over Thanksgiving, but it's so important to me to remember. People should be coming together to celebrate what they have instead of being divided and complaining about what they don't have.
I love this video. I learned so much from your video. I live in Plymouth Massachusetts and love my town. I have venison in my freezer that my son brought me and definitely going to make this stew.
it's a shame what tragedies happened that lead to the agreement between the pilgrims and the wôpanâak but it's nice to know they looked out for each other the entire time despite everything, and it's really heartbreaking that the history between the indigenous groups and american colonizers went the way it did when there could have been peaceful, mutual cultural exchange. now so much history and culture from the tribes are lost completely and the modern day people are living in squalor, it's one of the greatest tragedies in the history of humankind
It's so cool seeing a video about the history of where I grew up in, even if it is tragic. There are so many places in Rhode Island and Masachusetts that are named after the Native Americans, like Naragansett, Somerset, the Wampanoag Trail, etc. In my hometown they have the throne of Metacom (who was the son of Massasoit) which is a big chair-shaped rock in the woods. Not sure if it is open to the public, it is owned by Brown University as a preservation site. They had a hut and teepee, and I remember honeysuckle grew around the area. Thanks for the wonderful video and wonderful recipe Max!
I’ve probably commented this before, but this is one of the best channels I’ve ever subscribed to. You got me through the lockdown and I can never repay you for that.
Well said Max! Your passion for history and quality of your videos is second only to your compassion for all humans. You make the world a better place.
Soaking the beans overnight or for some hours before cooking, and then discarding the soaking water, improves digestibility. It breaks down and leaches out some of the complex sugars that contribute to gas production in the digestive tract.
Max- you have done the best work I’ve ever seen on this topic. Thank you! We are retired History teachers who have been trying to communicate this story for 50 years, so your assignment for next year is to explain how this meal turned into what we do today for this holiday. Great job!⭐️
I am a direct descendant of William Bradford. It is interest to know a part of my ancestry was there that first Thanksgiving, and not only spoke with Scuanto, but gave him a nick name. I know WB has a bad rep now, but it is cool to know he himself agreed to and kept that treaty of peace.
It's incredibly heartening to hear about the Wampanoag language reclamation. Hopefully we get more of this across other Native American groups. Also, people tend to forget that many native American civilizations practiced mass cultivation, and those in the Amazon actually *terraformed* the rainforest, to a degree. Annoying that people forget that
Excellent video. I learn so many new things when I come to watch your channel. I love history and I love food, so it's a win/win for me! I'd have made a poor Pilgrim, lol, I hate the taste of venison. It's the worst of any meat. I love all kinds of fowl, fish, seafood, bison, squirrel, etc. I just can't stomach venison. I've even eaten rattle snake and thought it was good! I love that you let us know there is a link to support the areas original language. I watch a channel where a young woman teaches us some Native American language. I think the heritage of our country belongs mostly to the Native Americans. Everything you learned in school history books is wrong in general and grossly slanted. If a language initiative is the start of Native Americans reclaiming their heritage, I'm all for it. We should all remember and pray for the remaining tribes amongst us on Thanksgiving. Without them we wouldn't be here today. Their generosity saved many a Pilgrim from starvation, unfriendly tribes and diseases we'd never encountered till coming to America. We owe them a great deal.
Max - I grew up on Three Sisters Harbor, down the street from Three Sisters road. The only addition that I can add to what you said, is that when you would build the Corn, Bean and Squash hill, it was to be on top of a fish, or a fish head, or fish entrails, depending on who you listen to. Oops, I now see you got to that point.
English were ill prepared with most of the early colonies. Most of this was due to the fact that the climate of England, Scotland and most of Northern Europe is far milder than that of the Eastern US north of South Carolina and southern NOrth Carolina. The colder climate meant that many of the crops they intended to grow when they got here simply would not grow and the people themselves were not prepared with sufficient clothing for the climate. Even much of Norway and Sweden do not get as cold as the New England states with regularity. To get as cold in winter as it does in Massachusetts, you would have to go to extreme northern Scotland and the Orkney Islands.
When cooking foods that can burn in a pot, I use my 'heat diffuser' plate. It's just two ribbed and perforated plates of metal, seamed at the edges and with a wire handle. Placed under a cook pot, it lets heat but not flame reach the bottom of the vessel. Stirring time is much reduced, and I haven't burned a stew in 50 years...
The varied and wide variations of native American languages is quite the undertaking. I appreciate your attempt at their language. As it is a vaste study of understanding in itself. The fall of our people into the modern age is quite sad as most lack the foresight into the perervation of our culture. I hope our people are able lift themselves out of perpetual redundancy in hopes of a brighter future.
Thank you, Max. One of my ancestors was on the Mayflower, but he died in the first winter. However, his wife and daughter came over on the next ship and may have been there for the dinner.
As someone who lives in/near Wampanoag territory with family who came over on the boat after the Mayflower, I am SO mad at my ancestors for being like "Hmm, this democratic society with full universal suffrage and direct democracy and collective land ownership is RIGHT HERE, but you know what I love? Paying rent and having a King." We could be living in a goddamn luxury utopia but we chose nonsense.
@@classygentlemangaming8400 You realize that Indigenous people were not a single group with one form of government, right? I'm talking specifically about Wampanoag social organization. There were over a thousand separate civilizations on the American continent before colonization. Saying "Is that what you think native Americans were doing before Europeans arrived" is like replying to someone talking about talking about the Venetian republic being a republic in the 13th century and being like "Is that what you think Europeans were doing in the 13th century?"
@@PrincessMadeira to pretend that womponoags were somehow better at governing or more peaceful then europeans is absurd, the womponoag started the king phillips war by destroying a colony
@@classygentlemangaming8400 oh girl lol, that was after being repeatedly betrayed by their supposed allies (the colonists) who they'd already helped out after the colonists had desecrated a bunch of their cemeteries, and I didn't say more peaceful, their political system was more equitable and their agricultural techniques were better because they'd been farming the region for centuries and knew what they were doing with soil management
I really enjoyed this episode. One clarification about why the religious pilgrims called themselves saints: This has nothing to do with lack of humility but is a biblical way to refer to Christians in general. The Roman Catholic church turned saints into “special” people. See 1 Corinthians 1:2 (emphasis mine): “To the church of God that is in Corinth, to those sanctified in Christ Jesus, called to be saints together with _all those_ who in _every place_ call upon the name of our Lord Jesus Christ […]”
One of the reasons for soaking the beans overnight is to help them along with a little fermentation, which changes some of the chemical compounds of the beans. This in turn helps reduce how much gas they will produce in your intestines. Also, if you are having problems getting your beans to soften (such as if they're quite old), soak them in water with a bit of dissolved baking soda. (look for videos about it on YT) (...This is the same culinary chemistry trick used on thin-sliced meats to keep them tender when stir-frying, except you just coat the raw meat in it & mix, let it sit for a little bit, then rinse and cook. If you are on a low-sodium diet, the beans are okay since it doesn't take much baking soda in a big bowl of water & beans, but you might want to avoid the meat trick, since that's a lot of sodium. Not sure if pearl-ash (potassium carbonate, iirc) has the same chemical affect of tenderizing meats, but it doesn't contain sodium...though I'd avoid that stuff if you're on a controlled potassium diet on the other hand.)
Hi Max. I have been enjoying your chanel from nearly the beginning. Well done great work, most entertaining! I however live in the UK and am English, and although one might think of thanks giving and the early story, so well shared by you hear, as an American tale, of cource it's not. It's intrinsically an English debacle! And a discrasfull one at that! Less to be celibrated and more to be lamented! It just goes to shows how we, using propaganda change history to confort ourselves. Coragouse indeed you are, very well done that Man! So l have to thank you for your very sencetive handling of it, in particular the kind way you ecnolaged the plight of the true native indigenous people! Well done sir! All the best Ken
If you do burn the bottom the dish can still be saved as long as you DO NOT SCRAPE THE BOTTOM. Just leave it alone and skim off the top without ever breaking through to the burned layer.
I'm thankful for your channel. It's entertaining and informative. A happy Thanksgiving to you and yours from me and mine. Thank you for the wonderful content.
As a linguist who specializes in endangered indigenous languages I am so thrilled that you are drawing attention to the Wampanoag revitalization project. Language is a fundamental part of cultural identity and heritage and it contains so many teachings and ways of life in its very words. It's a treasure that should never be lost.
Fun fact: there's actually a fourth sister in that farming system. You could use sunflower or bergamot in addition to the corn, beans and squash. Though I bet this stew would really benefit from adding some chopped, dry mushrooms and giving them just enough time to rehydrate. Not a ton of them, just a handful.
Thank you for the real research into history. We need to understand that times were very different back then. The white man was trying to get away from tyranny and the people of Spain had a kinda good idea. Hind sight 20/20.
When you scorch(burn) a bean dish move to clean pot add rough chopped yellow or white onion(can remove later) with more water, continue cooking scorched taste does go away
Hi Max! Love the videos. Ever thought about doing a series of potato dishes throughout history? The lowly yet versatile potato must have had its fair share of historical highs and lows? As a big potato fan, I am so curious how it faired throughout the centuries.
Have you ever cooked and eaten the young leaves of butternut or pumpkin? It has a delicious squashy flavour, specially if you use very young leaves. I fry up some onions to brown a bit, then add the leaves, cut up or shredded and enough water to cook until tender. I always add a tiny bit of cream at the end. It's sooo good. You can also cook the mature leaves, cooking breaks down the hairy texture some leaves have. The older leaves taste more vegetal, like spinach or chard. If you grow any of the squash family you should give it a try. (The leaves would add considerable nutrients to this dish.)
Interesting. What you call polenta is what I know of as corn meal, while polenta is cooked cornmeal. It's something my Polish mother cooked all the time, and I knew it as a sort of porridge (she called it kasza, which actually means groats). She grew up on it, because her family ground their own corn when she was a child (pre-WWII) and it was a staple food. I like it after it's been allowed to set, then sliced and pan fried until crisp on the outside. Dredging the slices in flour first is nice, too. The Puritans calling each other "saints" would not have been an odd thing. The first Christians referred to each other as "saints", and it simply referred to Christians in general. The Roman Catholic Church views saints differently, and there is a whole process for someone to be canonized as a Saint after death, but I think that's pretty unique to the RCC, and pretty modern. Even during the medieval period, "saint" was still used to refer to living people who were considered particularly holy. (As an aside, here in Canada, we have a different origin story for Thanksgiving, which we celebrate in October.) After such a long cooking time, that venison would have been sooooo tender! No wonder it melted away like that!
When my mother would stew venison, it would all just fall apart into threads, making a wonderfully meaty gravy. It's a very nice kind of meat. I might have to have her show me how it goes.
I think Thanksgiving is derived from the Reformed Church's "Dankdag voor gewas en arbeid" witch can be translated as a day of gratitude for crops and labor and is celebrated about the same time as Thanksgiving. A related day is celebrated in the spring called "Biddag voor gewas en arbeid" witch can be translated as a day of prayer in the hopes for a good crop and effective labor. These two days are celebrated in The Netherlands by members of the Reformed Church and are probably invented by Calvijn.
Max! La Casa Azul is in the most wonderful neighborhood in CDMX, coayacan. You should get your Airbnb in Roma Norte and then take metro or a Lyft to Frida Kahlos house. CDMX is the most wonderful city I’ve ever seen, you’re going to love it!!
Interesting video❤ I am Canadian and our story here is very different. I am also part indigenous and we are called Wabanaki which mean people of the dawnland. Very similar words.
Raw beans in stews & the like…I’ve noticed that if I have something acidic in the stew, like tomatoes, that will slow the beans & make them not quite cook right, leaving the skins tough. Have you or anyone here in the comments noticed that?
I love Venison but my Favorite meat is Bison the flavor is so unique. I'm a quarter native American but I don't know what tribe I'm from my grandfather was ashamed to be a native American so there is no records I wish I knew. This looks amazing I love your cookbook you need to make a Titanic themed cookbook there is a lot of history behind it and the vids you've done were amazing
I have been trying for years to get the Three Sisters to grow here but it just doesn't work, the corn takes so long to get going that the beans have already gone elsewhere looking for support and the pumpkins/squash go wandering all over instead of keepng the weeds away... Maybe if I lived somewhere that corn could be planted a month earlier it might work... there's a reason my Thanksgiving was over a month ago, we're already getting snow now. Thanks for the history lesson!
In addition to the very few written histories about the first celebrations, there have been stories of the eating utensils or lack of them that were probably in use based on what the Europeans used on the continent. I seem to remember that wheat was not available, nor was wheat flour so traditional loaves of bread, pies, and cakes could not be baked. Nor did they have plates or even forks. Using barley and cornmeal, a round bread loaf was baked. Bowls were fashioned from that which acted like trenchers that held the stews and were consumed with the meal. Table utensils were probably limited to wooden or metal spoons and knives. Forks at the time were two-pronged varieties that were used in roasting meats. Most families would have brought an iron cooking pot and pan, and a metal rod to act as a spit or skewer with them. Wooden utensils would have been fashioned later. We do know that European cuisine would have included local fowl and waterfowl, eels, fish, mussels and clams, deer, and elk and the cooks might have been familiar with their preparation. With Squanto teaching them rudimentary local agriculture, the Pilgrims might have harvested corn, beans, and squash, and had access to certain wild plant varieties such as mushrooms, watercress, fiddleheads, cattails, onion, strawberry, blackberry, gooseberry, and garlic.
I'm pretty sure I learned about most of this due to the Peanuts special as a kid! That I only ever remember seeing once, when we watched the Christmas one all the time.
Max, the episode was fantastic! 👏 👏 Have you read Nathaniel Philbrick's book Mayflower? It is an awesome telling of the Pilgrim's landing and the time leading up to King Phillip's War. Again, loved the episode! Thank you for making these!
The earliest stews were probably forms of "samp" or pounded corn, usually nixtamalized. Since the Norse word for soup is suppe and the Spanish word is sopa I have to wonder if the later Native words for soup are influenced by them.
King philllips war and the end of the treaty of the piligrims is one of the saddest most brutal conflicts of early American history's that is sadly historically not thought often in us education system, although ive heard about some great teacher that do, that is really sad. Because it was thanks to that treaty, that friendship among the wampanoc tribe and those early pilligrims that we give thanks is what is today the usa.
As a Canadian, my Thanksgiving was a month ago. Nonetheless, this sounds like a very interesting dish except for one problem: I hate hate HATE squash!! There is no more revolting vegetable to me, it even surpasses my loathing for mushrooms, and those are the friggin' undead. I think turnip or rutebaga might be acceptable in place of squash, at least I hope so cos' I totally am going to make this stew at some point this winter. I love venison and most game meat as well and rarely have an excuse to use it in a dish, so this sounds ideal! Thanks for the American history lesson, Max, and love how you always manage to work in the hard-tack clack whenever possible too. ;-) Never change!
I love your content! From the food to the intricate research behind the dishes you make! Stay groovy my guy😎👉👉 P.S your haircut is looking on point🤙 link to your barber in next video? Lol
It's a terrible shame that we don't have a memoir by Tisquantum. With everything he went through from slavery to being one of the first native Americans who spent time in Europe and were able to return home, to the post-apocalyptic wasteland he found when he finally got back. His was a life filled to the brim with tragedy.
@R. P. “hurt people hurt people” is a stereotype that often doesn’t hold up - those who have known tragedy are just as likely to become more kind and empathetic as they are to become callous and uncaring.
Thinking about how excited he might have been coming home, ready to share the story of his escape from his captors and everything he learned in England... only to find his entire tribe dead of disease - or maybe he got news of that before he left England, I wonder. It really is a shame we can't read about this experience in his own words. The fact that, after all that, he still chose to help these Europeans and created such a lasting peace, he must've been an incredible person.
@R. P. it's possible he never realized the Europeans were responsible for his people's death. Germ theory was still centuries off, after all, so it wasn't really possible to accurately trace the origins of disease outbreaks.
To support the Wôpanâak Language Reclamation Project, visit www.wlrp.org/
This sounds like an amazing project!
I was JUST watching an old video of yours when I got this notification.
Sounds cool, thanks for the link
As for soaking beans, the main reason to do it is to allow bacteria time to break down the **Raffinose** in your beans.
Raffinose is a sugar that's indigestible to humans because we lack the right enzyme. But bacteria in our intestines can break it down. When bacteria break down Raffinose, gas is produced... And then later expelled.
Soaking beans 8-12 hours reduces the Raffinose content. So soak your beans, your spouse will thank you.
Love your vids, probably seen every one of them. But isn't saying the language revival project is important because of it's value to American History kind of messed up? American history is why it went dormant for 150 years. Supporting it seems more important because its the right thing to do and because it's important to the future of the Wampanoag people.
The Wampanoag Nation must be congratulated on this language reclamation project and so happy to hear it being supported.
That's the good thing about it. About half of the Algonquian languages really aren't spoken at all, anymore, but most of them were extremely well recorded, so not impossible to reasonabl reconstruct & revive.
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@@MrChristianDT yeah but just like Latin, the proper pronunciation, inflection, and accent have been lost forever.
I learned about the Wampanoag language reclamation during my masters program this year and its really amazing what they've been able to do and how hard they've worked to bring it back from the brink of extinction
@@iwontliveinfear There's actually a lot of reconstruction of classical Latin due to how the Italians wrote extensively about how poorly everyone else pronounced it. We've come a long way from everyone pronouncing C like S.
I am from Mashpee, MA, home of the "People of the First Light". Just wanted to let you know that Plimoth "Plantation" recently changed their name to Plimoth Patuxet. Thanks for doing this piece.
I did not know that. Thanks. Rhode Island recently took Plantation out of the state name. The evolution of meaning has scarred the word to only one (very bad) association. And adding Patuxet in is a nice honor to heritage of the land.
I’m so happy that they’re returning to the original name of the place.
I have been to the Old Indian Meeting House, awesome piece of historical architecture! Thanks for the update about Plimoth.
@@ragnkja I don't know if that's being done more often, or if I just notice it more. Towns in Alaska, lakes in Minnesota...so many English place names in North America are the name of some general or governor or such, often one who never even saw the place in question. It's better all around to return the original place names.
@@M_M_ODonnell
Or the place is named after somewhere else (like Plymouth), but the name isn’t all that accurate for the new place it’s applied to. (I’m pretty sure Newcastle, Australia isn’t named after a castle that was built there, for example.)
How sad that their peaceful co-existence only lasted two generations (a generation being widely accepted as twenty-five years), then all heck broke loose. This was a very well-done video, Max, and the stew looks fantastic. Thank you.
it seems that two generations is a long time for peace in my opinion. it's more rare than not.
In this case it really was one actual generation. One of the reasons for the lasting peace is that Bradford and Massasoit regularly went and stayed in each other's homes. One time when Massasoit became ill, Bradford went and personally nursed him back to health. These two men knew how their communities needed each other in order to survive. But when more English came and they did not have that mutual respect, Massasoit's son Metacom (aka King Phillip) and Bradford's son did not stay in each other's homes, and viewed each other's community as a threat. Metacom was the first Native American leader to try to unite the various tribes in a war against the English, but by that point it was already too late. His war, though unsuccessful, remains the most deadly war in "US" history in terms of the percentage of the English population who were killed.
Just thinking about the 'three sisters' it makes so much sense. I've had pumpkins (squashes) growing in the garden and they really do take over and shade out the weeds, mostly. Beans being nitrogen fixers would be good for the other 2 and corn providing something to climb for the beans ties it all together. Very cool.
Learning of that makes me sad for the equally brilliant Native knowledge that we could use today and must’ve lost as a result of forced cultural assimilation. The Western US is finding out the hard way why the natives here did regular prescribed burns, for instance, after record wildfires.
Also, thank you for taking the opportunity to feature indigenous cuisine. It's really important to celebrate their culture at every opportunity.
So excited that this is another episode of ‘We don’t actually know the origins of this’ kind of episode. Such fun!
The way they used to grow the three sisters is simple genius. Simple, because once you know how is done there's nothing difficult about it, but genius because finding three plants that enhance each other's growth must have taken time and experimentations.
I’m so glad you’re doing things on indigenous foods and supporting the Wôpanâôk language project! I know a few words, “I love you” is Kuwámanush (or Kuwômônush)
I just want to say Thank you so much for making a wampanoag Thanksgiving dinner in honor of my Ancestors, Thank you for talking about the History of my Ancestors, I am a proud wampanoag Descendant of the seaconke wampanoag Tribe, & yess we Are still HERE, I've been on my reconnecting and healing journey for almost 3 years Now. Your video made me cry thank you for being a Beautiful human with a beautiful Heart. Happy Holidays to you & your Loved ones. A'ho ❤️
Excellent video! "We Still Live Here: Âs Nutayuneân" is an excellent documentary on the revitalization of the Wampanoag language that people should watch, if it has not already been mentioned here!
I love the spirit of how my family celebrated thanksgiving. In recent times I’ve become more aware of the pain the holiday brings for many. Thanks for doing this video with love.
Thank you for this one, I am a descendant of Joshua Tefft and his wife , Sara, Wampanoag. He was captured during King Phillips War, he chose to protect his wife and children. He is known as the only Englishman to be drawn and quartered by the British in this country. When his father went to claim hi remains he was beheaded
I am now convinced you're trying to drop the hard tack clip into every video. This makes me very happy.
I’d really like someone to cover how Canada came to have thanksgiving as well and why it’s earlier, the focus always seems to be on the US one.
Also, I did my firth three sisters garden this summer! My squash never fruited but I’m still calling is a success considering I’ve never done corn before and it’s been forever since I did beans!
Harvest celebrations naturally follow the harvest, and when winter comes earlier the harvest has to be earlier as well.
@@SamAronow My in-laws in Canada celebrate Thanksgiving in mid to late October. It's not too much about Pilgrims though. They usually have baked ham instead of turkey.
Fun fact, my 8th-grade history teacher told us that the Mayflower was supposed to dock in Jamestown, Virginia. A storm blew its way off course and they wound up landing on Cape Cod. Also, Basque fishermen had been fishing for cod along the New England and Canadian Maritime for 300 years at least. They would then dry and salt the cod and sail back to the Iberian Pennisula and sell a monopoly of bacalao.
@@SamAronow
It was that particular group’s first harvest in the new land. Harvest-thanksgiving feasts have a very long and rich history in Europe, and presumably most other parts of the world, with a few obvious exceptions such as Antarctica.
If you do some research, youll find that Thanksgiving actually started in Canada, Not the US. The Pilgrim story is the first documented American Thanksgiving
My guess: it's earlier in Canada because the growing season is shorter and harvest comes earlier.
A lot of us homesteaders still use the three sisters growing technique for our corn, beans, and squash :) When we get to spring planting in 2023, I'll tag you in the process. Granted, I grow popcorn and not sweet corn, but the method is still the same!
Having been on the reproduction of the Mayflower years ago when it was docked in Provincetown, MA, you are amazed at how incredibly small it was, and what a really perilous and frightening journey the Pilgrims had to make to get to America.
I found this brilliant episode more relevant because 3 of my ancestors (Rev. Brewster, Thomas Rogers, and Stephen Hopkins) were aboard the Mayflower in 1620. My Grandfather Hopkins was an informal ambassador to the Indian tribes since he had been exploring New England from around 1610. He knew the area well and even logged Samoset when the later came to Plymouth to welcome the Pligrims. I am fascinated by Squanto's story and it is a shame some English literary agent did not recognize the value of this saga.
I'll love the hardtack sounds for the rest of my days.
There was a miniseries a while back called Saints and Strangers that does a pretty good job of telling this story as well.
Thank you for this video - I would love to see more indigenous content! As an Anishinaabe who's trying to learn more about my own culture, I love seeing our collective history being shared with everyone! Maybe we could get videos on frybread or manoomin someday?
Soaking beans is more to improve their digestability than lower cooking time…(less farts😂)
This is due to oligosaccharides. The human gut can't digest them, which is what leads to gas production and indigestion. In large enough amounts they can prove toxic to humans. Which is why we usually soak beans and then discard the soaking water. Apparently if you cook your beans long enough (5+ hours) it breaks the oligosaccharides down, making the soaking unnecessary.
Yes. And beans containnaturally toxic substances, which are reduced by soaking. Therefore never use the soaking water!
Back in the early 1970s, I worked at Plimoth Plantation as a researcher, & then a costumed interpreter. One thing I got to do was cook in the open fireplace, with perid English recipes & tools. It was great fun, and I learned so much. Churning butter by hand, not so much fun.
Thank you so much for doing an episode on Thanksgiving. So many people seem to pass over Thanksgiving, but it's so important to me to remember. People should be coming together to celebrate what they have instead of being divided and complaining about what they don't have.
This! This is so important! There's too much conflict in the world, and we should work to overcome our differences rather than fighting over them.
I love this video. I learned so much from your video. I live in Plymouth Massachusetts and love my town. I have venison in my freezer that my son brought me and definitely going to make this stew.
it's a shame what tragedies happened that lead to the agreement between the pilgrims and the wôpanâak but it's nice to know they looked out for each other the entire time despite everything, and it's really heartbreaking that the history between the indigenous groups and american colonizers went the way it did when there could have been peaceful, mutual cultural exchange. now so much history and culture from the tribes are lost completely and the modern day people are living in squalor, it's one of the greatest tragedies in the history of humankind
It's so cool seeing a video about the history of where I grew up in, even if it is tragic. There are so many places in Rhode Island and Masachusetts that are named after the Native Americans, like Naragansett, Somerset, the Wampanoag Trail, etc. In my hometown they have the throne of Metacom (who was the son of Massasoit) which is a big chair-shaped rock in the woods. Not sure if it is open to the public, it is owned by Brown University as a preservation site. They had a hut and teepee, and I remember honeysuckle grew around the area. Thanks for the wonderful video and wonderful recipe Max!
A very interestIng video from which I learned something new! Had never heard of the three sisters. Thank you Max!💛
Thank you from Massachusetts! It’s so important that people know both sides of the story.
I’ve probably commented this before, but this is one of the best channels I’ve ever subscribed to. You got me through the lockdown and I can never repay you for that.
Well said Max! Your passion for history and quality of your videos is second only to your compassion for all humans. You make the world a better place.
Soaking the beans overnight or for some hours before cooking, and then discarding the soaking water, improves digestibility. It breaks down and leaches out some of the complex sugars that contribute to gas production in the digestive tract.
15:33 my heart sank hearing this.
The wompanoag would collect and trade wompom which was the purple spot on shells of Quahogs. It was currency for them as well.
I love this creator! Thank you.
Max- you have done the best work I’ve ever seen on this topic. Thank you! We are retired History teachers who have been trying to communicate this story for 50 years, so your assignment for next year is to explain how this meal turned into what we do today for this holiday. Great job!⭐️
Nothing beats a rustic hardy Stew such as this in Winter time !
I am a direct descendant of William Bradford. It is interest to know a part of my ancestry was there that first Thanksgiving, and not only spoke with Scuanto, but gave him a nick name. I know WB has a bad rep now, but it is cool to know he himself agreed to and kept that treaty of peace.
It's incredibly heartening to hear about the Wampanoag language reclamation. Hopefully we get more of this across other Native American groups.
Also, people tend to forget that many native American civilizations practiced mass cultivation, and those in the Amazon actually *terraformed* the rainforest, to a degree. Annoying that people forget that
This feels like a stupid question, but can the clam juice be replaced with regular salt? I am allergic to clams
Excellent video. I learn so many new things when I come to watch your channel. I love history and I love food, so it's a win/win for me!
I'd have made a poor Pilgrim, lol, I hate the taste of venison. It's the worst of any meat. I love all kinds of fowl, fish, seafood, bison, squirrel, etc. I just can't stomach venison. I've even eaten rattle snake and thought it was good!
I love that you let us know there is a link to support the areas original language. I watch a channel where a young woman teaches us some Native American language. I think the heritage of our country belongs mostly to the Native Americans. Everything you learned in school history books is wrong in general and grossly slanted. If a language initiative is the start of Native Americans reclaiming their heritage, I'm all for it. We should all remember and pray for the remaining tribes amongst us on Thanksgiving. Without them we wouldn't be here today. Their generosity saved many a Pilgrim from starvation, unfriendly tribes and diseases we'd never encountered till coming to America. We owe them a great deal.
I could hear you voice crack when describing the language reclamation project. It's a beautiful thing.
Have a happy and safe Thanksgiving holiday, Max and all others celebrating.
Max - I grew up on Three Sisters Harbor, down the street from Three Sisters road. The only addition that I can add to what you said, is that when you would build the Corn, Bean and Squash hill, it was to be on top of a fish, or a fish head, or fish entrails, depending on who you listen to.
Oops, I now see you got to that point.
English were ill prepared with most of the early colonies. Most of this was due to the fact that the climate of England, Scotland and most of Northern Europe is far milder than that of the Eastern US north of South Carolina and southern NOrth Carolina. The colder climate meant that many of the crops they intended to grow when they got here simply would not grow and the people themselves were not prepared with sufficient clothing for the climate. Even much of Norway and Sweden do not get as cold as the New England states with regularity. To get as cold in winter as it does in Massachusetts, you would have to go to extreme northern Scotland and the Orkney Islands.
When cooking foods that can burn in a pot, I use my 'heat diffuser' plate. It's just two ribbed and perforated plates of metal, seamed at the edges and with a wire handle. Placed under a cook pot, it lets heat but not flame reach the bottom of the vessel. Stirring time is much reduced, and I haven't burned a stew in 50 years...
Expected hard tack. Got hard tack. Life is good
The varied and wide variations of native American languages is quite the undertaking. I appreciate your attempt at their language. As it is a vaste study of understanding in itself. The fall of our people into the modern age is quite sad as most lack the foresight into the perervation of our culture. I hope our people are able lift themselves out of perpetual redundancy in hopes of a brighter future.
Thank you, Max. One of my ancestors was on the Mayflower, but he died in the first winter. However, his wife and daughter came over on the next ship and may have been there for the dinner.
I can't imagine how apocolyptic it must have been to return to his home village finally and find it completely wiped out.
As someone who lives in/near Wampanoag territory with family who came over on the boat after the Mayflower, I am SO mad at my ancestors for being like "Hmm, this democratic society with full universal suffrage and direct democracy and collective land ownership is RIGHT HERE, but you know what I love? Paying rent and having a King."
We could be living in a goddamn luxury utopia but we chose nonsense.
is that what you think the native americans were doing before europeans arrived?
@@classygentlemangaming8400 You realize that Indigenous people were not a single group with one form of government, right? I'm talking specifically about Wampanoag social organization. There were over a thousand separate civilizations on the American continent before colonization. Saying "Is that what you think native Americans were doing before Europeans arrived" is like replying to someone talking about talking about the Venetian republic being a republic in the 13th century and being like "Is that what you think Europeans were doing in the 13th century?"
@@PrincessMadeira to pretend that womponoags were somehow better at governing or more peaceful then europeans is absurd, the womponoag started the king phillips war by destroying a colony
@@classygentlemangaming8400 oh girl lol, that was after being repeatedly betrayed by their supposed allies (the colonists) who they'd already helped out after the colonists had desecrated a bunch of their cemeteries, and I didn't say more peaceful, their political system was more equitable and their agricultural techniques were better because they'd been farming the region for centuries and knew what they were doing with soil management
@@PrincessMadeira oh i see now, youve been conned into the antiwhite narrative.
I really enjoyed this episode. One clarification about why the religious pilgrims called themselves saints: This has nothing to do with lack of humility but is a biblical way to refer to Christians in general. The Roman Catholic church turned saints into “special” people. See 1 Corinthians 1:2 (emphasis mine): “To the church of God that is in Corinth, to those sanctified in Christ Jesus, called to be saints together with _all those_ who in _every place_ call upon the name of our Lord Jesus Christ […]”
One of the reasons for soaking the beans overnight is to help them along with a little fermentation, which changes some of the chemical compounds of the beans. This in turn helps reduce how much gas they will produce in your intestines. Also, if you are having problems getting your beans to soften (such as if they're quite old), soak them in water with a bit of dissolved baking soda. (look for videos about it on YT) (...This is the same culinary chemistry trick used on thin-sliced meats to keep them tender when stir-frying, except you just coat the raw meat in it & mix, let it sit for a little bit, then rinse and cook. If you are on a low-sodium diet, the beans are okay since it doesn't take much baking soda in a big bowl of water & beans, but you might want to avoid the meat trick, since that's a lot of sodium. Not sure if pearl-ash (potassium carbonate, iirc) has the same chemical affect of tenderizing meats, but it doesn't contain sodium...though I'd avoid that stuff if you're on a controlled potassium diet on the other hand.)
Hi Max.
I have been enjoying your chanel from nearly the beginning. Well done great work, most entertaining!
I however live in the UK and am English, and although one might think of thanks giving and the early story, so well shared by you hear, as an American tale, of cource it's not. It's intrinsically an English debacle! And a discrasfull one at that!
Less to be celibrated and more to be lamented! It just goes to shows how we, using propaganda change history to confort ourselves.
Coragouse indeed you are, very well done that Man!
So l have to thank you for your very sencetive handling of it, in particular the kind way you ecnolaged the plight of the true native indigenous people! Well done sir!
All the best Ken
The reason for soaking beans overnight is to aid in digestion. If you're eating more than a few mouthfuls I'd highly recommend it to save your tummy!
I would love to see a continuation of this video where you explore what do they eat today.
If you do burn the bottom the dish can still be saved as long as you DO NOT SCRAPE THE BOTTOM. Just leave it alone and skim off the top without ever breaking through to the burned layer.
I'm thankful for your channel. It's entertaining and informative. A happy Thanksgiving to you and yours from me and mine. Thank you for the wonderful content.
Very interesting. This reminds me of the PBS show A Taste Of History with Walter Staib
As a linguist who specializes in endangered indigenous languages I am so thrilled that you are drawing attention to the Wampanoag revitalization project. Language is a fundamental part of cultural identity and heritage and it contains so many teachings and ways of life in its very words. It's a treasure that should never be lost.
Fun fact: there's actually a fourth sister in that farming system. You could use sunflower or bergamot in addition to the corn, beans and squash.
Though I bet this stew would really benefit from adding some chopped, dry mushrooms and giving them just enough time to rehydrate. Not a ton of them, just a handful.
I make a 3 sister stew for the family. Corn, beans and butternut squash, beautiful dish. I can’t wait to try it with venison.
Thank you for the real research into history. We need to understand that times were very different back then. The white man was trying to get away from tyranny and the people of Spain had a kinda good idea. Hind sight 20/20.
I'd love to see a video on Sámi cousine. They are Europe's only indigenous people and they live far up north here in the Nordic region.
When you scorch(burn) a bean dish move to clean pot add rough chopped yellow or white onion(can remove later) with more water, continue cooking scorched taste does go away
Hi Max! Love the videos. Ever thought about doing a series of potato dishes throughout history? The lowly yet versatile potato must have had its fair share of historical highs and lows? As a big potato fan, I am so curious how it faired throughout the centuries.
Have you ever cooked and eaten the young leaves of butternut or pumpkin? It has a delicious squashy flavour, specially if you use very young leaves. I fry up some onions to brown a bit, then add the leaves, cut up or shredded and enough water to cook until tender. I always add a tiny bit of cream at the end. It's sooo good. You can also cook the mature leaves, cooking breaks down the hairy texture some leaves have. The older leaves taste more vegetal, like spinach or chard. If you grow any of the squash family you should give it a try. (The leaves would add considerable nutrients to this dish.)
Interesting. What you call polenta is what I know of as corn meal, while polenta is cooked cornmeal. It's something my Polish mother cooked all the time, and I knew it as a sort of porridge (she called it kasza, which actually means groats). She grew up on it, because her family ground their own corn when she was a child (pre-WWII) and it was a staple food. I like it after it's been allowed to set, then sliced and pan fried until crisp on the outside. Dredging the slices in flour first is nice, too.
The Puritans calling each other "saints" would not have been an odd thing. The first Christians referred to each other as "saints", and it simply referred to Christians in general. The Roman Catholic Church views saints differently, and there is a whole process for someone to be canonized as a Saint after death, but I think that's pretty unique to the RCC, and pretty modern. Even during the medieval period, "saint" was still used to refer to living people who were considered particularly holy.
(As an aside, here in Canada, we have a different origin story for Thanksgiving, which we celebrate in October.)
After such a long cooking time, that venison would have been sooooo tender! No wonder it melted away like that!
Can I ask what the origin story in Canada is
Oh, man.... I am looking forward for the Frida Kahlo's mole!!! Is my favorite dish!!
When my mother would stew venison, it would all just fall apart into threads, making a wonderfully meaty gravy. It's a very nice kind of meat. I might have to have her show me how it goes.
Although optional, soaking beans can increase success, especially if the beans are older.
I think Thanksgiving is derived from the Reformed Church's "Dankdag voor gewas en arbeid" witch can be translated as a day of gratitude for crops and labor and is celebrated about the same time as Thanksgiving. A related day is celebrated in the spring called "Biddag voor gewas en arbeid" witch can be translated as a day of prayer in the hopes for a good crop and effective labor.
These two days are celebrated in The Netherlands by members of the Reformed Church and are probably invented by Calvijn.
Meegwetch, Wasicu. For encouraging the preservation of the Algonquin language.
This was a wonderful episode Max, thank you.
You may be interested in the work of Rachel Winchcombe on how europeans interacted with indigenous food ways!
Max! La Casa Azul is in the most wonderful neighborhood in CDMX, coayacan. You should get your Airbnb in Roma Norte and then take metro or a Lyft to Frida Kahlos house. CDMX is the most wonderful city I’ve ever seen, you’re going to love it!!
Thanks for the recipes and history. Hope your holidays are great! ; )
Interesting video❤ I am Canadian and our story here is very different. I am also part indigenous and we are called Wabanaki which mean people of the dawnland. Very similar words.
Raw beans in stews & the like…I’ve noticed that if I have something acidic in the stew, like tomatoes, that will slow the beans & make them not quite cook right, leaving the skins tough. Have you or anyone here in the comments noticed that?
You should have a "Thanksgiving" playlist
I love Venison but my Favorite meat is Bison the flavor is so unique. I'm a quarter native American but I don't know what tribe I'm from my grandfather was ashamed to be a native American so there is no records I wish I knew. This looks amazing I love your cookbook you need to make a Titanic themed cookbook there is a lot of history behind it and the vids you've done were amazing
Adding a splash of vinegar to a venison recipe is usually enough to cut the gaminess for anyone who isn't a fan of that meat.
For your next drinking history you should make a video about Tiswin. As always good video max.
I have been trying for years to get the Three Sisters to grow here but it just doesn't work, the corn takes so long to get going that the beans have already gone elsewhere looking for support and the pumpkins/squash go wandering all over instead of keepng the weeds away... Maybe if I lived somewhere that corn could be planted a month earlier it might work... there's a reason my Thanksgiving was over a month ago, we're already getting snow now.
Thanks for the history lesson!
I'm not even American, but I've always wondered about the origins of Thanksgiving. Now I know. Thanks, Max!
In addition to the very few written histories about the first celebrations, there have been stories of the eating utensils or lack of them that were probably in use based on what the Europeans used on the continent. I seem to remember that wheat was not available, nor was wheat flour so traditional loaves of bread, pies, and cakes could not be baked. Nor did they have plates or even forks. Using barley and cornmeal, a round bread loaf was baked. Bowls were fashioned from that which acted like trenchers that held the stews and were consumed with the meal. Table utensils were probably limited to wooden or metal spoons and knives. Forks at the time were two-pronged varieties that were used in roasting meats. Most families would have brought an iron cooking pot and pan, and a metal rod to act as a spit or skewer with them. Wooden utensils would have been fashioned later. We do know that European cuisine would have included local fowl and waterfowl, eels, fish, mussels and clams, deer, and elk and the cooks might have been familiar with their preparation. With Squanto teaching them rudimentary local agriculture, the Pilgrims might have harvested corn, beans, and squash, and had access to certain wild plant varieties such as mushrooms, watercress, fiddleheads, cattails, onion, strawberry, blackberry, gooseberry, and garlic.
I'm pretty sure I learned about most of this due to the Peanuts special as a kid! That I only ever remember seeing once, when we watched the Christmas one all the time.
Great video! Max, you are so amazing! 🌞🌞🌞
The biggest reason to soak your beans is so you don't get the farts! Lol
Yo, Goober, where's the recipe in the description? Great video as always, Max!
Max, the episode was fantastic! 👏 👏 Have you read Nathaniel Philbrick's book Mayflower? It is an awesome telling of the Pilgrim's landing and the time leading up to King Phillip's War.
Again, loved the episode! Thank you for making these!
The earliest stews were probably forms of "samp" or pounded corn, usually nixtamalized. Since the Norse word for soup is suppe and the Spanish word is sopa I have to wonder if the later Native words for soup are influenced by them.
King philllips war and the end of the treaty of the piligrims is one of the saddest most brutal conflicts of early American history's that is sadly historically not thought often in us education system, although ive heard about some great teacher that do, that is really sad. Because it was thanks to that treaty, that friendship among the wampanoc tribe and those early pilligrims that we give thanks is what is today the usa.
I LOVE squash too!
I always thought you soaked beans to remove the poison lectins but I've just googled it and it looks like as long as it cooks for 30 min you're good
My great great great great grandmother was Cherokee! Please do Cherokee dishes as well 🙏❤️
As a Canadian, my Thanksgiving was a month ago. Nonetheless, this sounds like a very interesting dish except for one problem: I hate hate HATE squash!! There is no more revolting vegetable to me, it even surpasses my loathing for mushrooms, and those are the friggin' undead. I think turnip or rutebaga might be acceptable in place of squash, at least I hope so cos' I totally am going to make this stew at some point this winter. I love venison and most game meat as well and rarely have an excuse to use it in a dish, so this sounds ideal! Thanks for the American history lesson, Max, and love how you always manage to work in the hard-tack clack whenever possible too. ;-) Never change!
The first thanksgiving in the in “New World” was in Virginia. Not in Plymouth.
I love your content! From the food to the intricate research behind the dishes you make! Stay groovy my guy😎👉👉
P.S your haircut is looking on point🤙 link to your barber in next video? Lol
It's a terrible shame that we don't have a memoir by Tisquantum. With everything he went through from slavery to being one of the first native Americans who spent time in Europe and were able to return home, to the post-apocalyptic wasteland he found when he finally got back. His was a life filled to the brim with tragedy.
@R. P. “hurt people hurt people” is a stereotype that often doesn’t hold up - those who have known tragedy are just as likely to become more kind and empathetic as they are to become callous and uncaring.
Thinking about how excited he might have been coming home, ready to share the story of his escape from his captors and everything he learned in England... only to find his entire tribe dead of disease - or maybe he got news of that before he left England, I wonder. It really is a shame we can't read about this experience in his own words. The fact that, after all that, he still chose to help these Europeans and created such a lasting peace, he must've been an incredible person.
It must have been heart breaking to return home and find everyone gone. He as a good man though, that much is obvious.
@R. P. Blame Whitey for everything. They never did one damn thing that was good…
(Obvious sarcasm)
@R. P. it's possible he never realized the Europeans were responsible for his people's death. Germ theory was still centuries off, after all, so it wasn't really possible to accurately trace the origins of disease outbreaks.
I have to say: the hard tack joke actually never gets old😂 I still get a giggle every time!
Never gets old. 👌
Clack Clack
Its the biggest meme of the channel