Is THIS a Squid? Do Squids Even Exist?
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 8 พ.ค. 2024
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What's a squid? Is an octopus a squid? Is a cuttlefish a squid? Is there such a thing as a squid? Let's take a dive into the shocking diversity of cephalopods to answer these questions and discover how many of these amazing mollusks we never knew we never knew.
Happy Phylogeny Phebruary!
#clintsreptiles #octopus #squid
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Attribution: docs.google.com/document/d/1N...
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Clint is a professional biologist and educator, but above all, Clint LOVES reptiles and he loves to share that love with everyone he meets. Whether you're lover or a hater of reptiles, you can't help but get excited with Clint!
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You guys are so RAD!
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Hey Clint Laidlaw, Why don't you get to think of a suggestion and creating a TH-cam Videos all about the🐧SeaBird Group🐧on the next Clint's Reptiles on the next Saturday coming up next?!⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️👍👍👍👍👍
@@HassanMohamed-rm1cb there are alot of penguins..some aren't even penguins at all but they in the genius for them however
i dont know if you know this, but what you demonstrated in your pin hole lens, you can also do when looking at the stars. pinch both your thumbs and first fingers together and put your hands together. now look through the diamond shaped hole. you can squish harder to "focus" by making the diamond smaller. im not joking, it works the same way, in that youre only looking at the sky through that little hole. its natures telescope.
Here is one for you. Bees and ants are wasps
Magic spoon has nothing to do with sea animals
I was recently disappointed that a group of squids isn't called a squad. Keep up the good work Clint
Oh, that is so very correct! It shall henceforth be so!
I prefer c-side but squidsquad is also realy good
@@TM-45.only works around the sea side though mid ocean-side squidsqaud just doesn't have the same ring to it
There's a bunch of slimey squids in the US government called a squad.
@@colby8104 dont insult cephalopods like that. We all know politicians have the smallest brains of any mollusk
Clint has evolved from simple care guide videos to just randomly dropping an opus on how light and optics work in the context of various eye designs. Wild stuff
There's so much amazing science within biology, it's always great seeing biologists go off on things that seem outside their realm (like optics).
Clint and Lindey Nikole should do one together sometime, they both have my favorite zoologist energy!!
@@jocelyngray6306 In some ways it might actually come easier to a biologist. They know more than anyone else on the context of being a human. We know shockingly little about the universe outside of human interpretations. Most of us don't even stop to realize that our brains literally discriminate, categorize, and generalize sensory inputs, let alone why or how it matters. Biologists, though, have a greater understanding of at least distant earth species, such as these squidopuses and octopid. They have a wider frame of reference for what is "normal", and what is a narrow or human-centrist view.
And each stage of the evolution provided benefit.
@@jocelyngray6306 How would optics not be biology? Only living things can see and even moreso many living things can't see so narrowing it down only some animals can see, optics are definitely biology.
As a bagpipe player and cephalopod fan never have I been more catered to
This one's for you!
Both bagpipes and cephalopods are great. You sir/madam are a distinguished human.
Hello fellow bagpiper and cephalopod enthusiast!
i came to this comment section to find the bagpipers and cephalopod fans and i was not disappointed :)
@@ClintsReptiles Given i am pretty much the reverse of a musician, is an accordian at all octopus like? They dont have the tube thingy, but they do inflate by being expanded and drawing air in/out of a "sack" . Also if a octopus has 8(ish) brains, does that mean it has 8 (ish) personalities? These musicial and philosphical questions are why we all come to Clints reptiles. :)
It’s insane to think about that fact scientists confirmed that krakens are real and then just moved on.
The government pretty much confirmed that we have been visited by aliens, and we all just went "meh" and moved on. We're pretty difficult to impress these days...
@@ClintsReptiles I wonder what things we'll be "meh" about in another fifty or a hundred years. Probably sea serpents, maybe more alien-related stuff, possibly a couple of Graham Hancock's archaeology ideas.
It makes you wonder how there may have been more truth to pre industrial tails of such creatures. It's possible that they had much greater numbers and a wider range a few centuries ago.
@@ClintsReptilesYou got one piece of information wrong Clint‼️
The nautilus isn't the *only* extant cephalopod with an external shell; the argonaut also has a shell‼️
I believe that they reside inside of a thin egg case that is not a molluscan shell.
"Siphuncle" sounds like a marine biologist really liked Simon and Garfunkel and had to name something after them
There are organisms and bodies in space named after bands and musicians, so it wouldn't surprise me.
Fun fact: the name cuttlefish has nothing to do with cuddling. It actually comes from an Old English word "cutle" meaning "cuttlefish." Which kinda means that "cuttlefish" means "cuttlefish fish" even though it's not a fish.
ugh
it's 'ATM machine' all over again
@@jaysuscrass9119what wrong with the ATMM?
smh my head
I am of the opinion that Clint set up this whole video to make the "Squid Game" joke. Peak dad humor!
I wasn't expecting this one to go beyond phylogeny into a lesson about mechanisms of osmosis, the parts of a bagpipe, the physics of light, and how to make your own camera with household objects! Thanks for teaching us so much!
Sent me right back to my Religious Studies degree (in which I studied science).
That camera obscura lesson was amazing.
I learned about camera obscuras in college in art history class, but I didn’t fully understand how they worked, just that they did and they somehow aided painters.
Seeing a version of it in action I can see multiple ways that it could help a painter with their piece.
And the lesson on how it resembles the evolution of the eye is fascinating too.
I’m tempted to make one now and use it to plan out and make a painting just to see what it’s like.
@@Annie_Annie__ you can turn an entire room into a camera obscura (if you have the space).
@@Annie_Annie__ The camera obscura was invented by scholars at the House of Wisdom in Bagdhad in the 12th century so it's perhaps not surprising that the Renaissance was kicked off when this knowledge reached Europe in the 15th century.
@@hedgehog3180 It always fascinates me how many math, science, and artistic discoveries were made first by the Muslim world centuries before the Christian world in Europe either “discovered” it or accepted it.
It must’ve been amazing to see Baghdad or Timbuktu during the Islamic Golden Age.
Clint, this whole section on eyes and pinhole cameras is a brilliant takedown of the argument that “eyes are to complicated to have evolved.” The truth is, they aren’t. They’re pretty simple actually.
That's the cool thing about biomechanics, when every piece to a given organ is acknowledged for its function. it makes for a more intricate view even without extraphysical opinion.
That takedown, or a version of it, followed after Darwin's expression of the possible doubts concerning the eye. That was the reason for the chapter, but certain people insist on quoting the opening without the rest of the chapter.
This is why people have been building eyes for hundreds of years.
@@RB-bd5tzWith unskilled but enthusiastic labor no less! : D
Eyes themselves seem simple enough to me, and not surprising they evolved in so many living things.
The ability for the signals to be interpreted at such speed, and then acted upon by sending signals to the muscles in a never ending loop in things like a high level table tennis game still blows my mind.
The sheer speed the incoming light signal can be combined with info about what your own body is doing, and anticipsting what your opponent is about to do...and it can all be fueled by eating some food and drinking some water.
Next Clint will tell us that vampire squids aren't from Hell. 😢
But that would be a wonderful name for a band.
He would never!
How could something so cute be a hellspawn?
Of course they aren't -- they're from Transylvania, where all vampires come from!
There's nothing like the strange look i get when I excitedly tell people I'm going to learn squid phylogeney
Please don't let Clint ever get hold of a spork.
His whole weekend will be a battle in his mind about whether it's more closely related to forks or spoons. If so, do forks even exist?
In the end Forks belong to the Spoon clade, and sporks end up being more closely related to straws than anything else.
But are knives in the spoon clade?
Forks are actually in the pointy stick clade, like chopsticks, skewers, and toothpicks. They began as just a pointed stick and then developed 2 tines, then 3, now most have 4. These likely originated before the paleolithic, when we didn't yet fashion stone tools. These actually might be related to the spear, arrow, awl, nail, and needle.
Knives are in the sharp edged tools clade along with all manner of blades, scrapers, arrowheads, spearheads, scalpels, axes, etc. Butter knives are just domesticated knives. There is a good chance that this clade also predates the paleolithic, with bone and antler being attested, as well as wooden blades being possible.
Spoons I believe come from the curved tools and shells clade. They have been around since the paleolithic, and various scoops, shovels, etc. are related. I am not sure how these relate to the bowls, buckets, cups, and pots clade.
Much like lichen is a combination of fungi and algae, a full spear or arrow is a symbiotic relationship between the pointy stick clade and the blade clade.
Likely the spork is a case of convergent evolution, along with the foon. The spork does appear to have evolved from a spoon due to its notable curvature and small spines. The foon likely evolved from the fork, being more a webbed tined fork. This is rather like the beardog and dogbear.
@rikrikonius1301 Thank you for the giggle.
@@samarnadra Thank you for the full on belly laugh with tears!
Is the splayd in this clade? What about the spife and the sporf? Do chopsticks exist?
You know, that was one of the most interesting, practical science experiments I've ever seen demonstrated. I would've loved if a teacher had done that pinhole camera demonstration for me as a child. Very interesting, and while I've heard the explanation for how it works in the past, seeing it demonstrated made it actually register with me to understand it.
Thank you so much! I'd never seen it either. That's why I had to build one myself.
Bioluminescent T. Rex sounds like an underground prog rock band
I'm 27 minutes into this, this is exactly the kind of content I'd tune into when I was a kid. It's even complete with experiments that make me go "Whoa! Cool!" that illustrate what you're talking about! Thanks man!
Edit: Also, I was a commercial prawner for a couple seasons, and I will never forget the amount of giant pacific octopus that would show up in our traps, and the size! Anything from the size of a small saucer to five or six feet! It was always a treat to see the ones that can fill an entire prawn trap. And knowing those ones are still pretty juvenile as they can get to be up to 14 feet! I'd get to see them spread all eight arms out as we put them back into the ocean, then jet downward like a torpedo into the depths, leaving a shot of ink. One of the coolest things I've ever seen!
Please make a video on the entire group of octopods! 🐙
I think that has to happen!
I'm definitely into that kind of stuff.
I absolutely love that like 15 minutes of this video about cephalpods is spent debunking the anti science evolution deniers. And it's done in the most Clint way possible.
The old phrase "a lie can travel halfway around the world while the truth is still putting on its shoes" is very fitting here. It's just the nature of science that it takes significantly more time to demonstrate the truth. I'm glad that people like Clint are so patient to do so. I'm reminded of these great teachers from Fred Rogers to Richard Feynman, who have a such an enthusiasm for curiosity and learning. It's important not to expose future generations to too much dismissal and cynicism, even if many detractors of scientific findings do not always argue in good faith.
Next week on Clint's Reptiles: how a photocopier, automotive differential, and hurdy-gurdy work, and what this tells us about the evolution of the rhinoceros.
The photocopier sounds like probably an in-depth look at photophores and chromatophores, so probably in his false squids and octopi phylogeny.
Not sure if there's a good biological example of a differential mechanism, though if I had to guess it'd probably be found in some form of marine organism if anywhere.
The hurdy-gurdy will come up if there's any stridulating species that use a secreted resin or mucus, or which rubs it's file against its scraper in a continuous fashion.
A differential is a pretty good example of something that could never evolve in nature actually, since nature can't really produce axles.
“…Jet powered bagpipes…” 🤣🤣🤣
“You are more closely related to a starfish”
*thinks about how dumb Patrick the starfish from SpongeBob is*
Yeah, that seems to check out
Speaking of which, every other creature in Spongebob (including Patrick, Mr Krabs, the Jellyfish, and David Hasselhoff) is closer related to each other than they all are to sponges like Spongebob.
A spongebob phylogeny would be fun 😁
@@everynametakenSponges are the hagfish of animals.
@@everynametakenI thought it is still heavily debated, if sponges or jellyfish are the sister group of bilateralia and cnideria? Ie, which one is the least related?
Or I'm just not up to date 😂
@@MrX-nv8kp Jellyfish are a member of Cnidaria, that much we know for sure. You're thinking of Comb Jellies (which are very different), which are either the second least or least related of all animals depending on where sponges are. I believe the consensus favors sponges at the moment being the least related (evidence indicates they diverged not just before the Cambrian, but maybe even before the Ediacaran? Unfortunately the ancestral sponge was probably the more softbodied types, so fossil evidence is lacking for when they started exactly).
Ah cephalopods. Possibly the most intelligent group of animals that humans don’t think twice about eating.
Pigs.
I like both the cephalopods and arthropods(my favorites is the blue horseshoe crab) and the giant specific octopi and the mimic octopi
Calamari is good. I’m not gonna stop eating them
I used to as a kid, not anymore though, but I am also a cannibalism advocate so there's that.
You'd think so, but since I'm allergic to them I try to avoid all contact with them 😅
So much of this could've been prevented if they'd just been renamed to to vampire octopuses 💀
Shouldnt they be "eye style cameras" I feel like eyes have... a few... years on cameras.
Great video. I think there is a special value in you talking about misconceptions you used to have about biology. Obviously a dedicated video could be irresponsible, but little tidbits like that are really important for understanding how science works and normalizing self correction.
Wow, thank you. And I think you're spot on about cameras!
The problem with that is that camera-style eyes aren't the only kind of eyes. There are also pit eyes, compound eyes (which themselves have multiple types), reflecting eyes, and simple photosensors, just to name a few. Only some eyes share mechanisms with cameras, so it makes sense to call those ones "camera style" (or just refractive/lens eyes).
@@clapanse
Indeed. It's nothing but classification. No semantic analysis required, considering the term was created with a clear, descriptive purpose.
@@rogaldorn4759 no semantic analysis required?! Have you ever SEEN a clints reptiles video 🤣
This is gonna get quite anal, but one would think that naturally occurring camerae obscurae would predate the evolution of the eye given that they only need a dark open space with a slit that feeds out into the light. Now, the thing with human inventions/tools is that they are usually conceptualised more like intellectual properties than phylogenetic branches, so the first "proper" camera obscura would probably be human-made just like the tree stump that became the first club only became a club once a human intended to hit someone with it or decided to play extremely loud music and drink debaucherously in it.
Now I'm at work looking at the calamari like "hey guys did you know these are tentacles but THESE are not"
The octopus is my favorite, most fascinating animal. They’re so unique, intelligent, and have so many crazy adaptations that allow them to survive.
Make friends with one.. It's pretty cool..
Letting octopi survive past reproduction and develop generational knowledge is a pretty solid contender for my favorite silly genie wish. Sure, maybe they'd become too smart and overthrow humanity, but, like... eh. That's not _that_ bad, at least there'd be someone else to take over after us, you know? We could do worse than octopodes.
Letting octopi survive past reproduction and develop generational knowledge is a pretty solid contender for my favorite silly genie wish. Sure, maybe they'd become too smart and overthrow humanity, but, like... eh. That's not _that_ bad, at least there'd be someone else to take over after us, you know? We could do worse than octopodes.
@@sebastianturner2458 there was a cool documentary on Netflix where a scientist would dive underwater and meet with an octopus everyday, for months on end, and they formed a u owned bond. It was a pretty neat thing to see. It’s worth checking out, if it’s still on there. “My Octopus Teacher”…I believe.
27:00 Pinhole cameras are wild.
During my senior year of high school, I got to be the Phantom of the Opera for our marching band halftime show.
The band aids would wheel a platform out to the front of the field, which a soloist played during one song, then several performers played from during the second song.
Then, during the third song, a majorette performed a routine. Four of the other majorettes that had been twirling around her would converge at the platform and raise a 4 sided curtain.
At which point, she'd disappear inside the hollow body of the platform, while, simultaneously, I'd stand up, the other majorettes would set off flash pots and drop the curtains, *_VOILA!_*
Where pinhole cameras enter the picture is the series of air holes drilled into the head end of the platform.
While I was inside it for 2 1/2 songs, I'd see 3D holographic images of the majorettes dancing inside the box.
The bright stadium lights, plus their sequined uniforms, plus a half dozen evenly spaced 3/4 to 1 inch holes combined to make quite the surreal experience.
Oh, and your demonstration also reminded me of those bowl holographic projectors from science stores. Go to reach for the piggy 🐖 and it's just an illusion.
Ours had a frog 🐸 but I appreciate Clint making one from stuff anybody could use
This is how a cephalopod do
I don’t care how it got there jerry I don’t want to see it it’s disturbing.
One of the male octopuses arms is smaller and emits sperm, like a penis. This is why shaking hands with an octopus is a bit like russian roulette, cause your hand could get pregnant.
@@jmdesertadventures803 …I think your arms and hands may be fundamentally different then those around you mate…see a doctor? Lol 😂
@@teshlafreeman4040 I'm guessing you didnt see true facts about the octopus then.
omg imagining a lindsay nikole, casual geographic, true facts, and clint all in the same room, would be wild
Not me watching a video abt squid and getting the first explanation of a camera that’s EVER made sense to me 😂😭
Petition to officially change the name from "Colossal Squid" into "Kraken"
What if we find an even bigger one?
@@denialzombie name it Cthulhu
@@The_Great_Letter_Ebut then it'd have to be part dragon and part human, which would be a phylogenetic nightmare...
@@theapexsurvivor9538 eh, that's a them problem. They can make a new phylogenetic tree just for it
I love the fact that darwin hated barnacles
I love how Clint's passion for phylogeny has become a catalyst for more and more unhinged video titles.
Very good, as a registered cuttlefishnerd I was concerned you would tell me cuttlefish were squid (sometging I have resisted for almost 15 years) but cuttlefish can be safely exclused from (what I consider) the most reasonable "squid" clade.
I remember from when I first learnt about Vampire Squids that they looked more like octopuses than squids, it's really cool to learn that they actually are more closely related to octopuses. Why are they called squid anyway? They don't look like squid, they aren't squid, why? If it was up to me I'd count them as octopuses. Also, they're probably the most cool looking cephalopods in my opinion!
exactly my thought, thanks.
we should call them vampire octopi 😎
Phylogeny video just about octopodes?
SHOW ME THE OCTOPUSES CLINT I NEED TO SEE THE OCTOPI
I love this comment on many levels!
cuttlefish are so awesome! they're pretty common among the coral reefs of Okinawa - recognizing them from a distance is the hard part - the giveaway for me was "why is there a shadow under that coral?"
Clint doesn't stop destroying my ideas of animals, now a squid is not a squid and I am monkey, and the best part: I am fine and happy with it! It is so nice to study and delve into phylogeny!
I'm really glad Clint explained the steps of eye evolution! I was taught the same "irriducible complexity" principle at my private high school. I say "taught," but what they were really doing was preventing us from learning the answers science had already discovered decades ago. It was antithetical to science. Instead of pointing to complex questions and encouraging us to find answers, they shut us down by saying that anything we couldn't currently explain (or, often, things we actually _could_ explain) were simply too impossible and unlikely to ever truly explore with scientific research. Seeing a similar but much older version of the eye evolution presentation blew my mind in college. That and finally exploring the fossil record without my science teachers feeding me only the bits that fit their narrative and hiding the existence of the rest.
Unfortunately, my "science teachers" made it an ideological battle, but it really doesn't have to be. What Clint teaches us about evolution isn't about shooting down anybody's spiritual beliefs any more than what Copernicus and Galileo taught us about the Earth going around the Sun. He just wants to give us the facts so that we can go on to make our own decisions about what those facts mean to us theologically.
Very nicely handled, Clint and team! Unfortunatley, I think the "debunking" attitude prevalent with addressing things like ID or YEC-while it does have its place-can be alienating to people who have only ever seen things like evolution and radiometric dating (two of the most well-evidenced and useful fields in all of science) used as arguments in a "culture war" instead of fascinating and robust bodies of knowledge.
It's people like Ken Ham and Eric Hovind who are saying that evolution precludes God. If anyone is turning science into a weapon against God, it's them.
If everything unfortunate is bc free will, I see no reason why God can't have created evolution. I'm prob gonna get some comments on this
Mind you this presentation literally dates back to On The Origin of Species, like it's literally an entire chapter in that book. The evolution of the eye isn't a new discovery at all, even Darwin was able to piece it together just by looking at the animals that were around during his time.
@hedgehog3180 Exactly. Most of the YEC talking points have been invalidated for ages, but because they do such a good job controlling the information that reaches their flock, people like me are still left thinking these questions haven't been answered a million times over.
They act like we're all looking at the same data and just drawing different conclusions, but that's not what this is at all. They aren't honestly engaging with the facts. It's almost exactly like dealing with Flat Earthers.
Precisely one year ago today, on February 17, 2023, I made the following post to Facebook, which feels very portentous, given the content of today's video:
"When the animals decided to have a tickle fight, they knew some of them would have an advantage. The snakes, with no arms, had no tickles at all. The penguins, with two arms, had two tickles. The capybara, when on its side, had four tickles. And everyone assumed the octopus would have eight, but no. The octopus had ten tickles."
you dig deep enough, and pretty much every animal is stinkin' rad.
There's a squid even bigger than the "giant" squid? Well I'll be a nautiloid's siphuncle! (sorry, had to do it.) Another great deep dive. I feel like I'm getting a master's degree level course in phylogenetics.
I could have sworn the colossal squid was a tad shorter than the Giant, but much MUCH heavier.
Then again I did not know they glow in the dark.
I like how you essentially end a very educational session with a SEA MONSTER!
Horseshoe crabs also have copper-based blood, I think. Did that evolve independently, or are they more related than everything with normal (red) blood?
Both panarthropoda and mollusca are in protostomia. Things like ourselves and Patrick the starfish are in deuterostomia. So the split may likely be somewhere around there, though it hardly excludes it evolving independently. But it's likely just the way protostomes like to do it.
I'm pretty sure they evolved independently, and I think the proteins that hold the copper are quite a bit different. But arthropods and mollusks are more closely related to each other that to red blooded vertebrates. (Also, since arthropods are so successful, anything that arthropods all have is the norm)
certain lizards also have copper blood.
We know from genetic studies that blood evolved independently several times so it's actually a great example of covergent evolution. Once an animal reaches a certain size it needs a dedicated system for transporting oxygen around its body, which also makes for a handy system for transporting everything around the body.
I think a description of the pit organ in pit vipers, which one could think of as a nascent infrared eye, might be interesting.
Natural Selection/Evolution is obviously true, but if I HAD to pick a biological adaptation that's hard to wrap my head around being the the result of successive mutations, it'd be the metamorphosis of caterpillars to butterflies. I'd LOVE you to do a video covering how that evolved!
I think that metamorphosis is like an embryo going through its stages of development in the outside world. Like, most vertebrate embryos look like tadpoles.
It probably first appeared during the carboniferous. The answer to how it evolved probably comes quite naturally once you look into the biochemistry of how it works, there's several examples of this. Like you can figure out almost everything about how the different cells in our body evolved just by comparing them with each other.
Awesome job, as always. I'm really loving the phylogeny videos. I have always loved evolutionary biology, but phylogeny can also be tedious and complex. So seeing this subject in an entertaining and interesting way is breath of fresh air.
Wait. Tell me about my two hearts, Clint. CLINT! MY TWO HEARTS!
Seriously though this is absolutely fascinating. I’ve always loved octopuses and thought they were stinkin rad but I didn’t even know how much I was missing about them and their close relations! Also funnily enough my exposure to vampire squids came entirely through catching them in Animal Crossing: New Horizons, which is where most of my exposure to strange sea creatures has come from at this point 😂
Hi Clint! Did you know some ammonites survived the extinction event at the end of the Cretaceous?
Now, of course, they didn’t last long - the current consensus is no more than maybe a hundred thousand years - but their fossils still show up in Danian fossil deposits like the Rødvig Formation in Denmark. I think that’s an amazing example of extinction debt.
Depending on their true phylogeny, they might not be extinct at all. Same way that placoderms may not be since there's evidence that cartilagenous and boney fish may be part of them, and not a sister branch. Skål.
Clint has gotten experimental and i am ALL HERE for this. This is amazing
Ooh Ooh I think I know the nautilus looking fossils, ammonites?
As someone who’s always been obsessed with Squid, Octopus, and their cousins, this is a video that I’ve always wanted
So, could a viper's pit organ then be considered some kind of "proto-eye"? Just one for detecting infrared light, and without a "lens"?
Absolutely
A lot of animals have vision that extends beyond the range of what we normally call the visible spectrum. Many birds and insects can see slightly into the ultraviolet end of the spectrum so things that look black to us look colorful to them.
My field is aerospace engineering which is about as far from the niche of this channel as possible but I love these videos so much and these videos get me so genuinely interested in biology. Your passion and excitement for these topics is so infectious and makes me love these topics almost as much as you do!
There was a bit of aerospace engineering mentioned in today's video and last week's as well. Maybe it's not as far as we thought!
In my school we had this old building that was high up on a hill in comparison to the rest of the school, inside this building there was this room that a white wall and a window with a wooden coverage with 3 small holes facing into the wall, and when the window was closed you basically could see the entire school projected on the wall, that is how I first learned of a camera obscura
Nautiloids, dare I say, are stinkin’ rad!
How naut can the loid be
Fun fact for when you get to gastropoda: although most of them have undergone torsion to place their poopy-places much closer to their eaty-places, the slugs in order Systellommatophora have un-torsioned the anus to the rear of the body, and one family even lost its lungs! This group is full of super cuties who mimic their environment wonderfully, including dead leaves, bird droppings, kelp, coral rubble, tree burls, and even a caterpillar. I love gastropods. I love cephalopods too, so this episode was a TREAT.
Don’t be gaslighting my squiddy brothers into an existential crisis, Clint.
This video feels like a gift from fate, as if universe wanted to tell me "Chin up, don't give up". Thank You, Clint, this is marvelous, and so are octopi. ❤
"You- are more closely related to a starfish." Reminds me of a joke a friend once sent me:
"Starfish have no central nervous system." -I've worked with people like that
I'm so glad that I had a functional understanding of bagpipes coming into this video!
It's always seemed cool to me that cephalopods evolved a lot of the same general capabilities as humans, but using a wildly different body plan. It makes you wonder about just how unrecognizable potential alien life could really be
A 46 minute Clint video? This might be the best Saturday
I am absolutely obsessed with these phylogeny videos
Just as long as all birds aren’t squid.
I have a few medical conditions, one of which is photophobia and blurry vision. I didn't really understand until now how it worked. But now i get why having pupils 3x the size of everyone else is so bad! Thank you clint!
I love your videos, and I have learned so much. As soon as you said that the vampire squid was in the Octopodiformes, I immediately realized that in order to make a monophyletic group that includes them in the Squid, you would have to also include octopi.
I work in cyber security, that sentence has no right making sense to me!
Hello Clint. Great video.
I saw something that should be clarified:
-The siphuncule actually extracts salts from the cavities of the shell. That is what leads to the whole process you explained and why there is no salt left behind.
-Tentacles are specialised arms that are between arm position III and IV (in squid). I believe in the near future, there will be debate due to the vampire squids in academia. Furthermore, look at Mastigoteuthidae, they have suckers throughout the entire tentacle surface.
-You talk about the "tentacles" of the vampire squid. So if you observe the development of octopods, they start (as squid) with 10 arms when "embryos", but lose arm position II. Vampire squid "tentacles" are present between the position I and II (in the embryo, position II is position III). So it seems that vampires are still holding on to this old feature of octopus.
-Check out for Octopoteuthis to add confusion to decapodiforms (no tentacle squid)
-Spirulidae has been inserted into the oegopsidae group recently. The shell seems to be not a feature for it to be split from the other groups within decapodiforms. This is new insertion has been based on molecular data.
-Spirula spirula has its photophore pointed downwards and head up, which is an awesome feature of the species (it uses to camouflage its silhoute from bottom predators in the deep sea)! Why did you put it sideways and upside down?
-Arent bobtails within sepiids?
Apart from that, all good and even learned a couple of things!
Cheers,
Marine biologist studying this rad' creatures
I remember learning about camera obscura when studying Vermeers stuff in a materials + techniques art history course I had. It still blows my mind
This topic is near and dear to my heart. I'm allergic to crustaceans, but not allergic to cephalopods. Knowing the difference is pretty vital to my appreciation of foreign food
Wow! So, do you enjoy escargot, but give the scallops a pass?
@@suran396 I've never tried escargot, but I do enjoy calamari and takoyaki!
@@Panda_Gibs Escargot it actually fabulous. Get it somewhere decent.
There's an arm, tentacle and sucker born every minute
HOW DO YOU GIVE AN OCTOPUS TEN GIGGLES?
WITH TEN TICKLES!
HOW DO YOU MAKE ME GIGGLE?
WITH SILLY JOKES LIKE THIS ONE😂💙
You might mention the family Octopoteuthidae, which are squids that lose their tentacles after the larval stage and therefore have only eight appendages. Also, just like there are flying fish, there are also flying squids. We sometimes recover them from the upper decks of research vessels.
There is the broader superfamily Octopoteuthoidea within the order Cranchiida.
Thank you for your VOLUMINOUS info
Magnificent word choice!
Just in time for splatfest dude, thanks
for my photography class we emptied a huge break room and put stuff over the windows except for a tiny hole. we got to walk around inside a giant pinhole camera with a blurry upside down projection
Another interesting thing about octopus brains: they're ring-shaped and wrapped around their esophagus. This means they have to be very careful about how big a bite they take, lest they accidentally give themselves a brain hemorrhage.
Cephalopods are my favorite group of creatures on this planet. I’ve been obsessed with octopuses for about 8 years now, since I saw one at the Monterey Bay Aquarium. The ocean is a magical place.
I have been a cephalopod fan for so much of my life that, back when I was in eight grade, I even had my English research paper be on myths and legends surrounding the giant squid.
saw a video short of a guy finding a blue ring octopus, which responded to harassment with siphon jets of water aimed at his face, before the lunge
A video describing the numerous times light sensitivity has developed in organisms (and into what forms) could be interesting.
That pinhole camera experiment brought back so many fond memories of building one for school!
As a Latinist, I have to point out that "camera obscura" literally means "dark room." Like the one used for film development - or the kind of room that works best for use of said pinhole camera.
Also, I support the use of all three plurals to discuss more than one octopus! Each has full linguistic validity. None are wrong. Writing standards generally indicate consistency is the way to go, but that's in written text. In an educational video, I think using all is the way to go.
once a wise singer said
"You're a kid now, You're a squid now, You're a kid, You're a squid, You're a kid, You're a squid "
Just wondering if you seen a flamboyant cuddle fish? They are the cutest how they walk on the bottom of the ocean. It's sad they don't live that long.
I took an entire class on scientific imaging and remote sensing, in addition to encountering concepts from optics in some other classes, and Clint’s explanation about how some eyes work for imaging and some eyes don’t was extremely _illuminating_ for me. Puns aside, I’m 100% serious - this is the most accessible and straightforward explanation I’ve seen.
P.S. I just graduated, but if you’re reading this and you’re still in school, you should consider taking an optics class. It’s a bit of a challenge, but I feel like learning about optics, light, and color has deepened my understanding of the world!
Really, really enjoying these phylogeny videos. Thank you for the hard work!
P.S. I also deem pigs too intelligent (and too rad) to eat!
I propose we genetically engineer ceohalapods with a kilted Scotsman to fill the mantle!
Cuttlefish are called onjingo (오징어) in Korea which translates back to English as “squid.” Both animals are a very popular food-and not disambiguated at all in my experience-perhaps they’re even considered a staple food. They are served both fresh (pan fried in spicy sauce) and dried (in MANY forms-including peanut butter!). These seem to be the same group of creatures many in the west know as calamari.
Hence cuttlefish also seem to be one, of not THE primary, species of “squid” eaten by French, Italian, middle eastern and American mollusk aficionados [when not consuming the capesante (scallops), mussels, oysters, clams or escargot (snails) we love as well]. It may have been a native French speaker (defending their squid snack)
who first coined the phrase, “Mon calamari!” (with a nod to all the George Lucas / General Ackbar fans out there.)
This has been one of the very best videos on this channel - which I've been following *for years*! What a piece of work! Should be used in classrooms! Congratulations, Clint!
I love how in depth you went on how eyes work! It's so fascinating learning how different types of eyes work and the physics behind it. It's also important you acknowledged that even just being able to differentiate light and dark is a huge benefit which helps illustrate how eyes evolved multiple times in similar ways.
You sometimes see more basal features in combination with more derived one as well. Lizards for example have two camera style eyes but they also have a single basal eye that's just a patch of photoreceptive cells, which they use to tell the time of day with. Also arguably our sense of heat is an example of photoreception just in the infrared.
I've eaten squid before, but I never liked the idea of eating octopus for the reasons Clint said. I one time had an amazing experience at an aquarium where I got to play with an octopus. It grabbed my arms with its tentacles and sprayed me with water. 😂 It was an amazing experience, and I decided I never wanted to eat an octopus.
I also love cuttlefish, and I have started considering them to be a kind of squid, just a very special one that I also wouldn't eat. (That said, I haven't eaten squid in general very often anyway, and I'm not even a huge fan of it. I've just had it before.)
But watching this also made me wonder if the pygmy squid could also be a somewhat reasonable pet if you had a proper set up for one, so maybe that could be in a future video.
(And I totally get the inconsistencies with what animals you wouldn't want to eat just because they're cool. I love hissing cockroaches and scorpions too much to ever really consider eating them, but I'd eat crickets, despite my username 😂)
Oh thank you YT algorithm this is exactly what I didn’t know I needed this morning!
I didn’t know that “do squids even exist” was a question I needed to be asking myself you of course I’m going to watch the video 😂
Why can't octopus be known in the plural form without *any* additional letters being added, such as one octopus, many octopus ~ like deer, one deer, many deer? Seems rational *and* doesn't require a PhD to figure it out...
Thank you Clint from a new subscriber. You are definitely one of the most *enthusiastic* and demonstrative people I have come across in a decade or more. You have no equal to the amount of energy you show for your chosen passion. You have given me a *lot* to think about and much more of it is new and exciting!
Impressed that I'm not the first bagpiper and cephalopod fan to comment! Love it!
One note: the pipe that produces the melody notes is pronounced "CHANT-er".
Thank you!
I love squid and octopus! Incredible animals and incredibly delicious, too!
I once heard a tiger say the exact same thing about us!
I love this. Your energy and humor make this very enjoyable.
I love how we change from animal planet to how stuff works in the middle without missing a beat
Why does Magic Spoon go out of its way to tell you whats not in it but you never hear in its ads what its actually made of? I had to Google it. (its made from milk protein)
Growing up, I always loved calamari. I had tried octopus but went from liking it to not really liking it. I got to a point where I really wanted to try takoyaki (Japanese pan fried octopus balls- batter with chunks of octopus in it, rolled into a ball and cooked in a specialized griddle.)
I finally tried it, but being Torontonian, it was predicting not the best. If you want good Japanese food, either go to Japan, or get it from a shop that imports ingredients from there.
Being that my family plans to take a trip to Japan one day (were poor so we're hoping we can stop having emergencies long enough to actually be able to save for said trip) and given my love for octopi, I had made the decision that I would stop eating any octopus at all until and unless I could try the proper takoyaki in Japan. Since making that decision, I have fallen deeper in love with octopuses and am nearly 100% sure I won't be able to allow a redemption for this famous snack. I'm even going so fast as to completely removing calamari too, but it's literally one of my favorite tasting foods so we'll see how it goes. It's one of the free foods I would put up with bacon! But like you Clint, because of their intelligence and how much I LOVE octopi, I don't think I can do it. Squid is just too close.
There's always Taiyaki... And we already found imported ingredient made mochi (Sasaki Pastry if you live in or around Toronto... They're in JTown if you can't find the bakery with Sasaki alone).
The best takoyaki I ever had was from a food truck inside of a zoo in Tokyo, but I'm in Seattle and we have lots of great Japanese restaurants that make pretty good takoyaki. If you like it, but not the octopus part, there's always other ingredients too (like cheeseburger or edamame).
@@jocelyngray6306 oOooOo I'm in! lol. We have some amazing Japanese food here in Toronto too, as I mentioned with the mochi. There's actually a great Japanese fusion restaurant near the mochi place that's really good. They make their own version of Eggs Benny that is really good, with rice, spam, and seaweed. It comes with the absolute best au gratin I've ever had. Instead of regular potatoes, they make it with taro!
@@jocelyngray6306 hehe it's yaki sans tako, or in Japanese Yaki san's tako... Not that I know why Yaki san has an octopus. 🐙
You're such a great teacher Clint, the visual example with the bowl showing the direction of light was fantastic. Thanks a lot