Pretreatment and Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Lignocellulosic Biomass

Why Pre-treatment is Necessary?
In the hydrolysis process cellulose and hemicellulose are hydrolysed (broken apart) in pure water through attack by the hydrogen atoms of the water molecule on these polysaccharides. This is a very slow reaction, particularly for cellulose due to its recalcitrance to hydrolysis, but it can be sped up using elevated temperatures and pressures, and catalysed by acids (concentrated or dilute) and highly selective enzymes such as cellulases. However, the rates of hydrolysis of cellulose when processing virgin biomass are still very low due to the recalcitrance of the lignocellulosic matrix. In particular, the complex inter-associations between hemicellulose and cellulose, the crystalline nature of much cellulose, and the existence of a physical barrier of lignin surrounding the cellulose fibres are said to be major hindrances.
Biomass is more than just cellulose, however, and the process is complicated by the relative ease with which hemicellulose can be hydrolysed meaning that a severe means of hydrolysis targeted for the liberation of glucose from cellulose may result in the sugars liberated from hemicellulose being degraded.
For these, and other, reasons most hydrolysis technologies involve a pretreatment step prior to the hydrolysis of the cellulose. This typically targets the removal of hemicellulose and/or lignin, leaving a solid predominately cellulosic residue that is more amenable to conversion. The hemicellulose is typically present in the liquid output from the pretreatment and can be valorised in separate processes.
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[@temechachewtigabu4721]

please tell me the effect if i use autoclave for the pretreatment instead of parr pressurized reactor

[@tafadzwankhoma1533]

Thank you.
What is that vessel at 00:26 you are inserting into the Parr pressurised reactor.

[@majidalimangi6032]

Hello sir hope you are doing well, I am doing project on one pot two steps hydrolysis and and oxidation for acetic acid from corn cob, can you suggest me some pretreatment techniques

[@tigistalemayehu8703]

Thanks very much and one more question pls I cant find cellulase enzyme for biomass hydrolysis so is there any options to extract by myself in the lab what are the equipment and chemicals, procedures pls

[@Celignis]

You can find enzymes at www.sigmaaldrich.com/IE/en/product/sigma/sae0020
Regarding procedures there should be plenty of resources on the internet to find concerning that.

[@souravrawat4997]

Which Buffer solution you are using for hydrolysis?

[@Celignis]

Sodium citrate 0.05M

[@Shershivrajhai]

@@Celignis Can you design the process for a large scale biomass fermentation unit?

[@tigistalemayehu8703]

What is the name of the apparatus which u used after mixing

[@Celignis]

Please specify the time in the video that you are referring to and I will let you know.

[@tigistalemayehu8703]

The apparatus @ 0:23...and thanks for your reply.

[@Celignis]

@@tigistalemayehu8703 It is a Parr-type pressurised reactor with heating and stirring.

[@kalyanikurupp6064]

What are the materials s and instruments used in this process

[@DanHayes]

Parr reactor for pre-treatment then flask-level enzymatic hydrolysis followed by HPAEC-PAD analysis of liberated sugars.

[@michelebridgetramantin5730]

What type of pretreatment is this?

[@Celignis]

Hydrothermal using a low amount of alkali