Mesencephalon (Midbrain) - External & Internal structures + QUIZ | Anatomy
ฝัง
- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 25 มิ.ย. 2024
- Content:
Introduction: 0:00
Topography of Midbrain: 01:02
Anterior Surface of Midbrain: 01:35
Posterior Surface of Midbrain: 03:06
Internal Surface of Midbrain: 06:10
Gray Matter of Midbrain 07:05
White Matter of Midbrain 13:27
White Matter: Ascending Tracts 13:44
White Matter: Descending Tracts 16:40
QUIZ! 21:51
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Topograpgy of the Mesencephalon:
- Lies above the Pons, Below Diencephalon, In front of the Cerebellum
- Anterior Surface
- Postrior Surface
Anterior Surface of the Mesencephalon:
- Cerebral Peduncles (Pedunculus Cerebri)
- Interpeduncular Fossa (Fossa Interpeduncularis)
○ Posterior Perforated Substance (Substantia Perforata Posterior)
○ Oculomotor Sulcus of Mesencephalon (Sulcus Nervi Oculomotorii)
○ 3rd Cranial Nerve (Oculomotor nerve)
Posterior View of the Mesencephalon:
- Cerebral Peduncles (Pedunculus Cerebri)
- Tectal Plate (Lamina Tecti)
○ Superior Colliculus (Colliculi Superior)
§ Visual Pathway:
§ Receptors of Optic Nerve (CNII)
§ Optic Chiasm
§ Lateral Geniculate Body (Metathalamus)
§ Primary Visual Cortex
§ Brachium of the Superior Colliculi (Brachium Colliculi superior)
○ Inferior Colliculus (Colliculi Inferior)
§ Auditory Pathway:
§ Cochlear Nerve
§ Cochlear Nuclei
§ Lateral Lemniscus
§ Inferior Colliculi
§ Brachium of the Inferior Colliculi (Brachium Colliculi Inferior)
§ Primary Auditory Cortex (Superior Temporal Gyrus)
- Lateral Sulcus of Mesencephalon (Sulcus Lateralis Mesencephali)
- Trigone of Lateral Lemniscus (Trigonum Lemnisci Lateralis)
- Trochlear Nerve (CN IV)
Internal Surface of the Mesencephalon:
- Tectum of Midbrain
- Tegmentum of Midbrain
- Cerebral Peduncles
Gray Matter of Mesencephalon:
- Red Nucleus (Nucleus Ruber)
○ Corticopontine Tract
○ PontoCerebellar Tract (Transverse Pontine Fibers)
○ Cerbellorubral Tract
○ Rubrospinal Tract
- Substantia Nigra
○ Substantia Nigra pars Reticulata
○ Sibstantia Nigra pars Compacta
§ Part of Basal Ganglia (Putamen, Globus Pallidus, Caudate, Thalamus, Subthalamus, Striatum, Lentiform Nucleus)
§ Help Start Movement, Stop Movement Modulate Movement
§ Disease here causes Parkinsons Disease and TRAP symptoms (Tremor, Rigidity, Akinesia, Postural Instability)
- Superior Colliculi level:
○ Nucleus of oculomotor nerve (Nuclei nervi oculomotorii)
○ Posterior Accessory Nucleus of Oculomonor Nerve (Nucleus accessorii nervi oculomotorii)
- Inferior Colliculi level:
○ Nucleus of Trochlear nerve (Nuclei nervi trochlearis)
○ Mesencephal nucleus of Trigeminal Nerve (Nucleus mesencephalicus nervi trigemini)
- Periaqueductal Grey Substance (Substantia Grisea Centralis)
- Reticular Formation (Formatio Reticularis)
White Matter of Mesencephalon:
Ascending Tracts
- Medial Lemniscus (Lemniscus Medialis)
○ Gracile Fascicle (Fasciculus Gracilis) to Gracile Nucleus
○ Cuneate Fascicle (Fasciculus Cuneatus) to Cuneate Nucleus
○ Medial Lemniscus is formed through Internal Arcuate Fibers (Fibrae Arcuatae Internae)
○ Epicritic Sensibility (Proprioception and Mechanoreceptios)
- Spinal Lemniscus (Lemniscus Spinalis)
○ Anterior Spinothalamic Tract (Tractus Spinothalamicus Anterior)
○ Lateral Spinothalamic Tract (Tractus Spinothalamicus Lateralis)
- Trigemincal Lemniscus (Lemniscus Trigeminalis)
- Anterior Spiniocerebellar Tract (Tractus Spinocerebellaris Anterior)
- Lateral Lemniscus (Lemniscus Lateralis)
○ From Cochlear Nerve
Descending Tracts
○ Vestibulospinal Tract (Tractus Vestibulospinalis)
○ Rubrospinal Tract (Tractus Rubrospinalis)
○ Tectospinal Tract (Tractus Tectospinalis)
○ Posterior Tegmental Decussation (Decussatio Tegmentalis Posterior)
○ Reticulospinal Tract (Tractus Reticulospinalis)
○ Anterior Tegmental Decussation (Decussatio Tegmentalis Anterior)
○ Medial Longitudinal Fasciculus (Fasciculus Longitudinalis Medialis)
- In the Cerebral Peduncles
○ Corticospinal Tract (Tractus Corticospinalis)
○ Corticonuclear Tract (Corticobulbar tract)
○ Corticopontine tract (Tractus Corticopontineus)
§ Frontopontine Tract
§ Parietopontine Tract
§ Temporopontine Tract
§ Occipitopontine Tract
QUIZ
Sources used in this video:
- Memorix Anatomy 2nd Edition by Hudák Radovan (Author), Kachlík David (Author), Volný Ondřej (Author)
- Biorender
- University notes and lectures
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nice
Best midbrain explanation I’ve ever seen! As a med student,I think it’s really helpful.Please keep uploading great things like this! Appreciated!
Glad to hear! All the best with your studies💪🏽
@Taim Talks Med plz do upload rest of the neuroanatomy lectures on other topics as well...
Ur work is outstanding 👏
Plz do upload more videos...its really helpful....
after 1 week of mesenchephalon your video explained it better than all of my doctors lectures thanks!
Happy to hear
Just discovered your channel! SO GLAD I DID!
Awesome! Glad you found the channel helpful 😊
I'm glad you uploaded this one year before I started studying neuroanatomy. I find this way of animated teaching the earliest to understand
So glad to have discovered your channel! Keep up with the good work, appreciate it👏
OUTSTANDING EXPLANATION. Thank you.
Best explanation of midbrain MashaAllah You make Neuro anatomy so easy that everyone can perceive
Very well explained, keep up the good work
So full and detailed video. best anatomy channel
Thankyou for your kind and valuable efforts . Very fruitful information .
Thats seriously The best explanation i've ever heard ❤️ thank u so much brother 🙏🏻
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U explain things so thoroughly in a very easy to understand language
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best teacher ever....... thank you for making it so simple and nice, but i hve difficulty in understanding the functioning of pathways but pretty much learnt the names and location so far
Thanks for made my complex so easy
This video is so helpful. Thanks.
Wonderful Explanation with crystal clear concepts 💝 Enjoyed a lot Thanks
Amazing videos! Thank you!
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sir I want to personally thank you for your content. these videos literally saved me my butt !!!. 2 days later I have neuroanatomy exam and I'm gonna pass it only because of you. Thank you very much
Really glad I could contribute! Hope your exam went well!
How was your exam
@@sakthivelb9074 He propably doesn't remember about that exam now 😂
He saving my butt as well 😂 I have it in 3 weeks
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Informative and simple, really helpful.
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Very neatly explained
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Helpful video. Thanks 😊
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Anatomy can't be explained better than meditzy
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Happy to hear! 😊
Thank you!
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Your friend omar
Glad to hear! Hope your studies goes well, Omar! :)
It’s just awesome. I have no words for it thnks 😊😊❤
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U r really doing great job...
Plz upload rest of neuroanatomy lectures on other topics as well....
Physiology also plzzz 🙏
Thankyouuuuuuu sooooo much for this awesome class sir
Thanks a lot
This is so helpful...
شُكرا جزيلا🖤
Thank you so much for the amazing animations and I can't thank you enough for repeating the tract pathways every single time! You're godsent to mediocre students like me!
You're welcome! Repetition is the key 💪🏽😊
Thank you
Amazing! But could you add something about the pupillary reflex pathway? (Pre-tectal olivary nucleus and nucleus Edinger-Westphalia?) Apart from it, great video!
EXCELLENT.
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Happy to hear you're finding the videos helpful 😊All the best with your upcoming exams!
Extraordinary
Thanks!
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Happy to hear it helped, thank you for the nice comment!
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Really happy to hear! 😄 The goal is to simplify everything and still retaining the most important, so I'm glad to read comments like these! 💎 all the best with your studies! 💪🏽
Best explanation ....cleared all my concepts✌️
Life saver
Man, you did a great job even as a student. I can't imagine you as a lecturer.
Might go into lecturing after I gain a good amount of clinical experience, not sure tho
Appreciate that you signed up to a membership! ❤🧠
When you talk about the corticopontini tract , arent the fibres cross over ( from the nuclei pontini to the other side ) and THEN they go to the cerebellum?
Sir do more videos about each organ systems as soon as possible
Thank you for all your great works, they made me finally understand how the anatomy of the nervous system works (incredible feeling) and saved me from constant cramming. Still I've got a question: what about anterior spinocerebellar tract? Do we mention it here, and in what area is it located? Or maybe I've got lost somewhere..
(I'm sorry for possible mistakes, English isn't my native language)
Hello! Really good question! As far as I understood, the anterior spinocerebellar tract ascends up until the very caudal part of the midbrain before it enters the superior peduncle, therefore you rarely see it in cross sections (unless you cut at the very inferior part of it).
You'll have to double check this for me, though! But after studying these things for countless hours; that's what I concluded with =)
Your english is great!
@@TaimTalksMed Thank you so much for helping 🤧🤗 Double checking is in process
Bestttttt ♥️
The Quiz is cruel :D but the Video is outstanding!
Can you please advice some kind of App, where i can see the anatomy in 3D? So that i also can see the generall picture and if i need, to remove some parts like you did.... such kind of App i am looking already for a long time :(
Hi sir it would be really helpful if you can tell me the relations of midbrain..like what is anterior, posterior, superior, inferior to midbrain...the structure around it
those animations and schemes are godtier man. thanks so much.
Where I can find those kind of schemas?? are you the author?
Happy to hear! 🥳 I mostly put them together and drew on top of them, but you can find the base figures on both Complete Anatomy and Biorender 😊
What of video for olfactory nerve
Excellent 👏
Hey hi! Great explanation thank you ✨✨ would you tell me which app you used for this 3d anatomy
Hi! It's called complete anatomy by 3d4medical. I also used a few images from Biorender =)
@@TaimTalksMed thank you 😊
I love ur videos
I want to ask 1 question
My doctor told me I have essential tremors
Can told me which part is has effected or y 🥲
Basal ganglia problem ?
what i dont really understand: at 7:04 you divided the horizontal cut of the midbrain into the tectum and tegmentum (and cerebral peduncles) , which is correct and the same in the literature
but to my knowledge, tectum is latin for "roof". since this is a horizontal cut of the tectum of the midbrain, wouldn't what is named "tectum area" of this cut just be the dorsal part of the horizontal cut of the tectum of the midbrain?
i guess alternatively, im wrong because this is actually a coronal cut of the midbrain, but portrayed horizontally only for simpler display? and therefore I'm always mislead by its orientation?
جميل جداا🤍🤍
Good demo...but its better if u wrote the function of each structure while writing the name of structure.....
brother is the subthalamic nucleus part of the basal ganglia ? Because in google it doesnt name it,only the 5 others
The main ones are of course the ones you see when you first google basal ganglia 🙂 but there are many(!) other structures that are considered a part of the basal ganglia aswell due to their interactions with their pathways 💪🏽 And the more the subcortical nuclei are studied the more the list expands!
the way you say CereBELuuM 😅💝
Hahaha dont mock my accent 😂
Tell me how I can repay you your right of full thanks and gratitude, you are really wonderful. Thank you very much
Your kind words are enough 💪 Really glad you found the video helpful :)
You have any telegram channel
❤️
The early ancestors who were sporadically cannibals are ashamed, that they did not pay attention to such trifles, I could feel.
Good content but severely underrated i have made my 5 medico friends to subscribe all the best ❤️
Thank you! Appreciate that! 💪
Why don't you read cerebellum in english? It's such an earrape listening a forced latin accent. Great video by the way!
❤❤❤❤❤❤⚘️⚘️👏🏽👏🏽👏🏽
👍💐💕🌹
ur latin pronounciation is uncomfortable. but video is good.