You've got some fantastic videos! Thanks! However, I always feel dumb after watching one; so much stuff left to learn. If you ever feel like doing a tutorial on the different modulation schemes, I'd be very grateful. All the best!
Love it! I used to do this with an HP 89441 VSA, but this is beautiful. I'm doing IP stuff now, but I sure do miss the world of RF. Thanks for another great video!
First of all I would like to appreciate for your well explained all videos. I always watching a lot of yours videos again and again. I have a request, can you please prepare a video about none linear mixer which create sum and difference when we mix two signals. I want to know how it is creating two other frequencies. Please explain through graphical demonstration without mathematics. It will be highly appreciated. thanks in advance
I already have a few videos on mixers. Here are a few for your to view: Basics of Mixers and Frequency Conversion: th-cam.com/video/Mm7WfVzr1ao/w-d-xo.html How a diode ring mixer works: th-cam.com/video/junuEwmQVQ8/w-d-xo.html How a Gilbert Cell mixer works: th-cam.com/video/7nmmb0pqTU0/w-d-xo.html
Hi Alan. Thank you very much for this video. I can't wait to get in front of my RSA to perform these measurements. This is very helpful. SignalVu with the Tektronix USB Analyzers is a very powerful full combination.
The RSAs are incredibly powerful and flexible instruments - and the user interface (shown here) is the same on all of them - from the least expensive USB based instruments, to the high performance wideband benchtop instruments.
Instruments like the RSAs are really geared towards professional users. The least expensive RSA that uses this software is the RSA306B. The earlier version of this unit (the RSA306) can often be found at bargain prices.
Hi Alan, hope you are doing good. have you thought about making video of layer mapping for MIMO (ref. LTE phy layer processing) I mean after watching #262 my hunger for next level is ever increasing 😀. Thanks again for you time and effort on TH-cam.
Thanks for sharing. Is there a possibility of a tutorial explaining digital filters (IIR and FIR) in easy layman's terms. There are far too many of theses tutorials online that are to in depth and mathematical. Once again thanks for all your excellent videos. Regards
I watched the other 2 videos (I could find) that you did for the RSA306B. They did help teach me other features of SignalVu-PC I didn't know about. Through your videos I have been able to successfully capture/analyze 802.11b signals I needed to be able to do for a new product. Now my task is to take what I learned and issue the appropriate SCPI commands to do the same things. Thank you for taking the time to make these videos.
Thanks!! It is a very good video showing theoretical concepts practically. Do you have any video or can upload some video on LTE OTA signal spectrum? Also, I would like to see the spectrum when it is SISO and MIMO implementation on spectrum analyzer?
The Tektronix RSA306B is way above my pay grade and ways and means. Trying to figure out how I can just see WiFi signals using a Regular SDR Dongle. It would seem some do in fact obtain signals that far out of and above the band width advertised.
Great videos! I recently took a Hands-on wireless communication class and we would analyze signals using SDR USRP2. Would you be willing to make a video about understanding BER curves and how to interpret them?
I was told that the sincgars radios used by military have a shorter tx range when using secure communications option. From what I can tell this just implements FHSS, which seems like it has same PSD as using narrow band of same carrier frequency so it should have same transmit range right?
Question. Sir, do you have any video about pulse shaping filter ? If not, could you consider about making one like you did in your video about IQ signal? Your IQ signal tutorial video is the best tutorial video I ever seen, I am not joking. Easy to understand, because you combined with math example, and real equipment example. Pulse shaping filter is one of the very important concepts in wireless communication, I think. Thank you!!
Interesting in the way that Homes of the Rich and Famous is interesting. Maybe your videos should be rated like restaurant reviews, with a string of $. One $ is of interest to anyone with an interest in electronics. $$$$$ is of interest to anyone with a basement full of the latest Tektronix gear.
My day job is as a Field Applications Engineer for Tektronix. Some of the videos that I post on my channel are by request of my commercial / industrial / professional engineering customers (like this one).
Question, how to find out which channel I am in? I put my analyzer to 2.4Ghz now, but how do I know which wifi channel, my cell phone is using? thank you!
Do something on the your phone that uses a lot of data, then move the phone close to the antenna and look for the highest peak signal in the 2.4GHz ISM band.
Can we use any tools to decode the message in each captured signal? My goal is to decode Wi-Fi beacons in the air. Can I monitor all Wi-Fi channels at once?
sir thanks for all your work your knowledge is brilliant hope the ankle is healing ok something for you to ponder think about my skill is pure amateur at best compared to you FM deviation meter in the UK are almost non-existent so without complicated chips is it possible to see a 145mhz FM deviation signal on a 50mhz scope it's what I have ?? I need to adjust an old trio 7500 deviation the audio is a little quiet it was a freebie just needed a service ( NO service data available )I want to see the devation signal on the scope is it possible thanks
It's not possible to see the FM deviation of a 145MHz signal on an oscilloscope, especially a 50 MHz scope. probably best to adjust the tx and listening to or measuring the result on a receiver, comparing response to known good tx.
It is QAM, pronounced like "quam". It stands for Quadrature Amplitude Modulation. 16QAM means that there are 16 distinct states of amplitude and phase that represent the digital symbols being sent.
Hello Alan, I have an issue. I have constructed a direct FM modulator with something like 56 MHz carrier using a 100 pf varicap. The thing is all the books say as the modulating frequency drops for the same frequency deviation the spectrum should get more populated and closer to continuous. The opposite seems to be happening on my analyzer display where increasing the modulating frequency from my signal generator results this effect and decreasing the frequency makes the spectrum more sparse and seems to decrease the deviation down to what looks like very NBFM and no signal at all when the modulating frequency is like at 100 Hz or less. Any ideas ? Do varactor diodes have sensitivities to the base band modulation frequency ? Thanks, Peter
The number of sidebands and their magnitudes depends on the modulation index - which is the Peak Deviation divided by the baseband modulating frequency. The sideband amplitudes then follow a set of Bessel function curves. You can see a little background regarding this in this video: th-cam.com/video/8IBOYoIV5m8/w-d-xo.html Varactors shouldn't really have any sensistivity to the baseband frequency - just make sure that your drive circuitry doesn't. Here is one more video showing an alternative way to measure FM deviation with a spectrum analyzer: th-cam.com/video/Nw3_w1HrlEs/w-d-xo.html
Correct, wlan analysis is an option. SV23 covers 802.11a/b/g/j/p. SV24 covers n, and SV25 covers AC. Any/all options can be turned for free 30 day trial.
Dear Alan, I am a grad student, studying electronics and communication. I like your videos a lot. My interest area includes broadband communication. Currently I am researching about CDR circuits and their implementation in burst mode. Could you please throw some light over this?! Thanks Anyway!
This is a subject that wouldn't be effectively covered in just a 10 minute video. Usually will involve some type of PLL with a fast response, but will also depend pretty highly on the nature of the data being sent in the bursts or packets. I am currently unable to get into my lab due to my broken ankle, so it's going to be a few months before I can do any new bench videos.
There appears to be a fair amount of information available due to the use of burst mode CDR in GPON applications. Many FPGA mfrs like Xilinx have published some info. Might be worth exploring existing drives like this one front Analog: www.analog.com/media/en/technical-documentation/data-sheets/ADN2855.pdf ...and here is an academic paper on the subject: pdfs.semanticscholar.org/4efb/189ce58816e21541778c7b6282dcf8c5c4e8.pdf
Does the symbol table show the sent data decoded as hex? I.e. are those the data packets in hexadecimal? I'm trying to understand the link between the analog data captured and the digital one interpreted by devices.
The symbol table shows the raw transmitted symbols in hex. I believe that there is some encoding or scrambling employed between the actual data and the transmitted symbols.
Ah, thanks! So if I were to grab the data in the table (which I assume is encrypted via WEP/WPA) and run it through some decryption algorithm, I would get the actual data...
I am using a Tektronix RSA306B Real-Time Spectrum Analyzer, being controlled by a software app called SignalVu-PC running on my laptop. Tek makes three families of real-time spectrum analyzers that are controlled over USB3.0 - the RSA300 series, the RSA500 series and the RSA600 series. Each of these is controlled by SignalVu-PC. The base version of this software is available for free from tek.com. There are optional analysis features (such as this WLAN analysis) which are purchased options.
Dear sir, may I ask a question again. I watched some of your videos, you are very good, you do truly understand those things. May I ask you, how do you study? Where did you learn? From school? or just do it by yourself? In case you study by yourself, possible to share some experiences to me? To be honest, I am in the major of wireless communications, but I found that your knowledge is way much better than me.
Unfortunately no. The realtime processing of 40MHz wide RF data requires the full bandwidth of the USB3 port and an i5 or i7 processor running 64 bit win7 or higher.
Could be one of several things: examining channel utilization, determining which MCS (modulation coding scheme) is being used by a device, examining antenna performance, checking EVM (signal quality) vs time or frequency (subcarrier), etc.
Unfortunately, I don't have any 5GHz WiFi devices here to show. Capture and analysis process would be the same, other than selecting the right standard (802.11n for example), and the active channel...
![POLYCAT - ข้อความรูปยิ้ม [Music Video]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/lBhIgPGCgbI/mqdefault.jpg)
Another good one! I took a self-imposed YT hiatus for a few months, only to come back & see you're still producing great content! Thanks...
You've got some fantastic videos! Thanks! However, I always feel dumb after watching one; so much stuff left to learn. If you ever feel like doing a tutorial on the different modulation schemes, I'd be very grateful. All the best!
There is an older Tek RSA living in our lab at University, and it serves us quite well! I always love to work with it :)
Cool! If you ever have any questions about it, be sure to let me know.
Great video Alan, I envy you getting to use all this cool equipment and actually know how to use it.
Thanks - I am very lucky to have this job!
i got a good grade thanks to you in my radiocommunication exam !
Congratulations and thank you!
w2aew you deserve more subs ! Keep up the good work !
Love it! I used to do this with an HP 89441 VSA, but this is beautiful. I'm doing IP stuff now, but I sure do miss the world of RF. Thanks for another great video!
The RSAs are really cool instruments.
First of all I would like to appreciate for your well explained all videos. I always watching a lot of yours videos again and again. I have a request, can you please prepare a video about none linear mixer which create sum and difference when we mix two signals. I want to know how it is creating two other frequencies. Please explain through graphical demonstration without mathematics. It will be highly appreciated.
thanks in advance
I already have a few videos on mixers. Here are a few for your to view:
Basics of Mixers and Frequency Conversion:
th-cam.com/video/Mm7WfVzr1ao/w-d-xo.html
How a diode ring mixer works:
th-cam.com/video/junuEwmQVQ8/w-d-xo.html
How a Gilbert Cell mixer works:
th-cam.com/video/7nmmb0pqTU0/w-d-xo.html
Thank you so much
Praying for your health
Hi Alan.
Thank you very much for this video.
I can't wait to get in front of my RSA to perform these measurements.
This is very helpful.
SignalVu with the Tektronix USB Analyzers is a very powerful full combination.
If you go on producing these videos sooner or later I have to buy an RSA... The software looks so powerful!
The RSAs are incredibly powerful and flexible instruments - and the user interface (shown here) is the same on all of them - from the least expensive USB based instruments, to the high performance wideband benchtop instruments.
Hi Alan. Great video, as always!
Could you please suggest a least expensive USB RSA for beginners to play around?
Thanks!
Instruments like the RSAs are really geared towards professional users. The least expensive RSA that uses this software is the RSA306B. The earlier version of this unit (the RSA306) can often be found at bargain prices.
Thanks Alan, good educational video, now i have to buy a SA with constellation diagram option :)
Hi Alan, hope you are doing good. have you thought about making video of layer mapping for MIMO (ref. LTE phy layer processing)
I mean after watching #262 my hunger for next level is ever increasing 😀. Thanks again for you time and effort on TH-cam.
Thanks for sharing. Is there a possibility of a tutorial explaining digital filters (IIR and FIR) in easy layman's terms. There are far too many of theses tutorials online that are to in depth and mathematical. Once again thanks for all your excellent videos. Regards
Thank you for your video as I haven't had experience with the RSA306B & SignalVu before a week ago. 73s de KF9UG
I have several other videos on the RSA306B and SignalVu-PC, so be sure to let me know if you have any questions.
I watched the other 2 videos (I could find) that you did for the RSA306B. They did help teach me other features of SignalVu-PC I didn't know about. Through your videos I have been able to successfully capture/analyze 802.11b signals I needed to be able to do for a new product. Now my task is to take what I learned and issue the appropriate SCPI commands to do the same things. Thank you for taking the time to make these videos.
Thanks!! It is a very good video showing theoretical concepts practically. Do you have any video or can upload some video on LTE OTA signal spectrum?
Also, I would like to see the spectrum when it is SISO and MIMO implementation on spectrum analyzer?
The Tektronix RSA306B is way above my pay grade and ways and means. Trying to figure out how I can just see WiFi signals using a Regular SDR Dongle. It would seem some do in fact obtain signals that far out of and above the band width advertised.
that qam64 looks quite gnarly >_
Great videos! I recently took a Hands-on wireless communication class and we would analyze signals using SDR USRP2.
Would you be willing to make a video about understanding BER curves and how to interpret them?
very nice, thank you
I was told that the sincgars radios used by military have a shorter tx range when using secure communications option. From what I can tell this just implements FHSS, which seems like it has same PSD as using narrow band of same carrier frequency so it should have same transmit range right?
The reduced range is likely due to the fact that the receiver must have wider BW to capture each hop...
Question. Sir, do you have any video about pulse shaping filter ? If not, could you consider about making one like you did in your video about IQ signal? Your IQ signal tutorial video is the best tutorial video I ever seen, I am not joking. Easy to understand, because you combined with math example, and real equipment example. Pulse shaping filter is one of the very important concepts in wireless communication, I think. Thank you!!
I can add that request to my long list of future topics.
Thank you in advance. It will be really awesome you could make one :)
Interesting in the way that Homes of the Rich and Famous is interesting. Maybe your videos should be rated like restaurant reviews, with a string of $. One $ is of interest to anyone with an interest in electronics. $$$$$ is of interest to anyone with a basement full of the latest Tektronix gear.
My day job is as a Field Applications Engineer for Tektronix. Some of the videos that I post on my channel are by request of my commercial / industrial / professional engineering customers (like this one).
Mind blown
Question, how to find out which channel I am in? I put my analyzer to 2.4Ghz now, but how do I know which wifi channel, my cell phone is using? thank you!
Do something on the your phone that uses a lot of data, then move the phone close to the antenna and look for the highest peak signal in the 2.4GHz ISM band.
Yeah, I already see that. Thank you again.
I don’t even want to know what Tek charges for those software modules, pretty powerful stuff though.
Can we use any tools to decode the message in each captured signal?
My goal is to decode Wi-Fi beacons in the air.
Can I monitor all Wi-Fi channels at once?
sir thanks for all your work your knowledge is brilliant hope the ankle is healing ok something for you to ponder think about my skill is pure amateur at best compared to you FM deviation meter in the UK are almost non-existent so without complicated chips is it possible to see a 145mhz FM deviation signal on a 50mhz scope it's what I have ?? I need to adjust an old trio 7500 deviation the audio is a little quiet it was a freebie just needed a service ( NO service data available )I want to see the devation signal on the scope is it possible thanks
It's not possible to see the FM deviation of a 145MHz signal on an oscilloscope, especially a 50 MHz scope. probably best to adjust the tx and listening to or measuring the result on a receiver, comparing response to known good tx.
Sorry, but I can't understand one word in your descriptions--is it 16 quan or 16 quam, and what does that stand for? Thanks!
It is QAM, pronounced like "quam". It stands for Quadrature Amplitude Modulation. 16QAM means that there are 16 distinct states of amplitude and phase that represent the digital symbols being sent.
w2aew Learn something every day--thanks again!
Hello Alan,
I have an issue. I have constructed a direct FM modulator with something like 56 MHz carrier using a 100 pf varicap.
The thing is all the books say as the modulating frequency drops for the same frequency deviation the spectrum should
get more populated and closer to continuous. The opposite seems to be happening on my analyzer display where
increasing the modulating frequency from my signal generator results this effect and decreasing the frequency makes
the spectrum more sparse and seems to decrease the deviation down to what looks like very NBFM and no signal
at all when the modulating frequency is like at 100 Hz or less. Any ideas ? Do varactor diodes have sensitivities
to the base band modulation frequency ?
Thanks,
Peter
The number of sidebands and their magnitudes depends on the modulation index - which is the Peak Deviation divided by the baseband modulating frequency. The sideband amplitudes then follow a set of Bessel function curves. You can see a little background regarding this in this video:
th-cam.com/video/8IBOYoIV5m8/w-d-xo.html
Varactors shouldn't really have any sensistivity to the baseband frequency - just make sure that your drive circuitry doesn't.
Here is one more video showing an alternative way to measure FM deviation with a spectrum analyzer:
th-cam.com/video/Nw3_w1HrlEs/w-d-xo.html
The free version of SignalVu does not include this functionality, correct? Which option do you need to purchase for this? Thx...
Correct, wlan analysis is an option. SV23 covers 802.11a/b/g/j/p. SV24 covers n, and SV25 covers AC. Any/all options can be turned for free 30 day trial.
Dear Alan,
I am a grad student, studying electronics and communication. I like your videos a lot. My interest area includes broadband communication. Currently I am researching about CDR circuits and their implementation in burst mode. Could you please throw some light over this?! Thanks Anyway!
This is a subject that wouldn't be effectively covered in just a 10 minute video. Usually will involve some type of PLL with a fast response, but will also depend pretty highly on the nature of the data being sent in the bursts or packets. I am currently unable to get into my lab due to my broken ankle, so it's going to be a few months before I can do any new bench videos.
In case you have any reference in your mind. Please do share.
I wish you get well soon :)
There appears to be a fair amount of information available due to the use of burst mode CDR in GPON applications. Many FPGA mfrs like Xilinx have published some info. Might be worth exploring existing drives like this one front Analog:
www.analog.com/media/en/technical-documentation/data-sheets/ADN2855.pdf
...and here is an academic paper on the subject:
pdfs.semanticscholar.org/4efb/189ce58816e21541778c7b6282dcf8c5c4e8.pdf
Does the symbol table show the sent data decoded as hex? I.e. are those the data packets in hexadecimal? I'm trying to understand the link between the analog data captured and the digital one interpreted by devices.
The symbol table shows the raw transmitted symbols in hex. I believe that there is some encoding or scrambling employed between the actual data and the transmitted symbols.
Ah, thanks! So if I were to grab the data in the table (which I assume is encrypted via WEP/WPA) and run it through some decryption algorithm, I would get the actual data...
i don't see the colored lines in the center of screen
This software works with Tektronix USB based spectrum analyzers.
@@w2aew what is that
@@lga7758 www.tek.com/spectrum-analyzer/rsa306
@@w2aew any cheaper way
May I ask which equipment you are using? It seems that you are doing this on a PC. Thanks.
I am using a Tektronix RSA306B Real-Time Spectrum Analyzer, being controlled by a software app called SignalVu-PC running on my laptop. Tek makes three families of real-time spectrum analyzers that are controlled over USB3.0 - the RSA300 series, the RSA500 series and the RSA600 series. Each of these is controlled by SignalVu-PC. The base version of this software is available for free from tek.com. There are optional analysis features (such as this WLAN analysis) which are purchased options.
may I ask the public price for the entire package of software, hardware and options necessary to create this demonstration?
Thank you!
List price for RSA306B is $3890. Most analysis options are
Dear sir, may I ask a question again. I watched some of your videos, you are very good, you do truly understand those things. May I ask you, how do you study? Where did you learn? From school? or just do it by yourself? In case you study by yourself, possible to share some experiences to me? To be honest, I am in the major of wireless communications, but I found that your knowledge is way much better than me.
can u give a download link to software used.
www.tek.com/spectrum-analyzer/rsa306-software/signalvupc-vector-signal-analysis-software--v410022
@@w2aew how do i DL it
@@lga7758 Just create a free account on tek.com, login, and download it from the link on that page.
@@w2aew it says virus why does it detect
Can you so that on your phone?
Unfortunately no. The realtime processing of 40MHz wide RF data requires the full bandwidth of the USB3 port and an i5 or i7 processor running 64 bit win7 or higher.
What is the purpose of this? What does one do with the information gained?
What is a real life application?
Could be one of several things: examining channel utilization, determining which MCS (modulation coding scheme) is being used by a device, examining antenna performance, checking EVM (signal quality) vs time or frequency (subcarrier), etc.
you can do something like this th-cam.com/video/kBFMsY5ZP0o/w-d-xo.html
🤔 maybe we can see 5GHz WiFi in action ?
Unfortunately, I don't have any 5GHz WiFi devices here to show. Capture and analysis process would be the same, other than selecting the right standard (802.11n for example), and the active channel...
You Have to pay for the the constellations analysis :(
Yes, it is one of the options available. You can enable a free 30 day trial license through the website.
thanks a lot for your efforts dear, i wonder if we can use the new nanonva to do the same !!
Sorry, no, for numerous reasons (it's not a spectrum analyzer, it can't record RF signals over time, etc.)
@@w2aew appreciate your reply 🙏 ❤... many thanks to all your works and efforts on this channel ...
Thank you very much!