This Downward Pointing Triangle Means Grad Div and Curl in Vector Calculus (Nabla / Del) by Parth G

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  • เผยแพร่เมื่อ 2 ต.ค. 2024

ความคิดเห็น • 250

  • @ParthGChannel
    @ParthGChannel  3 ปีที่แล้ว +57

    Hi friends, thanks so much for watching this video! Now that you know about Grad Div and Curl, check out my Maxwell Equation playlist if you'd like to see how they're applied in the world of physics! th-cam.com/play/PLOlz9q28K2e6aNgl1zt1xccyy4Ofl3YAk.html

    • @snehapatel8292
      @snehapatel8292 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Hi Parth, great video. Can you please discuss about cooper pairs in superconductors in your next video?
      Thanks

    • @shama_k2604
      @shama_k2604 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Please cover the remaining equations so that you explain all 4 of them in both their integral and differential form...!!! It's the need of the hour Parth 🙏🥶

    • @BlueGiant69202
      @BlueGiant69202 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      This video is very good but does not make use of Geometric Calculus, so will make movement to 4d and the Dirac equation a bit harder. Would you consider presenting and explaining the Maxwell equation of Geometric Calculus? The symbol del/nabla is used in Geometric Calculus for a similar but more general operator ( a box is sometimes used to make it clear that it is not a 3d Del but the Dirac operator acting as a derivative of a point on a higher dimensional manifold.
      Del F = J is the Maxwell equation. Del F = Del dot F + Del wedge F.
      F is a BIVECTOR field.
      Anthony Lasenby on use of Geometric Algebra and Geometric Calculus in Physics
      th-cam.com/video/x7eLEtmq6PY/w-d-xo.html

  • @kingbeauregard
    @kingbeauregard 3 ปีที่แล้ว +213

    In 1986 or so, my differential equations instructor (Dr Joseph Egar, Cleveland State University) defined operators thusly: "An operator is a animal that eats functions and spits out functions." Then sometimes he'd correct himself: "well, not so much spit them out, they come out the other end".

    • @thermrm
      @thermrm 3 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      Lmao

    • @Sasukej2004
      @Sasukej2004 3 ปีที่แล้ว +11

      idk why but lately ive been seeing a lot of physics and math comments from "1986" talking about their experiences. Can sum1 pls tell me whats going on?

    • @darrellrees4371
      @darrellrees4371 2 ปีที่แล้ว +20

      @@Sasukej2004 - I honestly could not begin to guess why that is. But, coincidently enough, in 1986 I was studying math and physics at university so.....

    • @sugandhpriya6734
      @sugandhpriya6734 2 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      Hi Parth. I really like the way you explain difficult concepts in a very easy and relatable way. Could you please make a video on tensors.

    • @dineshkumarv9493
      @dineshkumarv9493 ปีที่แล้ว

      😂

  • @_..---
    @_..--- 3 ปีที่แล้ว +127

    This channel is amazing, you always find a way to explain things better than my professors.

    • @_..---
      @_..--- 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      ​@ཀཱ no thanks, it didn't support xroach last time I checked

    • @HackersSun
      @HackersSun 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Thank you
      I thought that I was the only one 😀

  • @penumbraman99
    @penumbraman99 3 ปีที่แล้ว +15

    Wow! I’m going to have to watch this video clip multiple times. There is a lot info in this one. I’ll have to go back and rewatch your Maxwell equations video clips, too. I always wanted to understand Maxwell’s equations. I’m putting this video on my favorite list now.

  • @BitwiseMobile
    @BitwiseMobile 3 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Watching these makes me want to freshen up on my calculus. It's been almost 30 years. I do remember curl and some of vector calculus, but it's foggy and I need a refresher :)

  • @KsmithBlackstar
    @KsmithBlackstar ปีที่แล้ว +1

    This is EXACTLY what I needed. You explained everything I wanted to know but didn’t know how to ask.

  • @leoclarkin5944
    @leoclarkin5944 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Excellent thank you, One of my Covid projects was to have a thorough understanding of Maxwell's Equations, which I last studied at Uni, 40 years ago! Back then, I took a semester course and got a very good result, mainly because I understood the Math (i.e., the Del Op gradient, Div and curl. Now the physics I still. after the course, I did not have a clue on the meaning of Maxwell's equations; now with your review of the Grad, Div and Curl I'll attempt to have a deep understanding of the ME ....Let there be Light! Again Parth much thx

  • @racpa5
    @racpa5 2 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    An extremely clear explanation. You sure talk about Maths gooder than a lot of other people.

  • @daveuk1324
    @daveuk1324 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    I love this guy! Wish he'd been my physics prof back in the day!

  • @SALESENGLISH2020
    @SALESENGLISH2020 3 ปีที่แล้ว +58

    It's great that Parth Explains the Intuitive meaning of these operators. We use these in fluid mechanics. It is hard for most students to understand what these operators really do.
    Keep it up!

    • @mwafrikahalisi2549
      @mwafrikahalisi2549 2 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      I would rather say it's hard for most teachers to explain how these mathematical symbols does represent the concepts more intuitively. Generally, students will understand the meaning of these operators if they are clearly defined in their simplicity as in this series of videos by Professor Parth G. I am in awe at the simplicity of which Professor Rarth G explains these seemingly complex concepts. Kudos to the good Professor!!

  • @shankarim8432
    @shankarim8432 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    i was searching a legend like you to explain things in a smart wayyyy... since 2020

  • @preethi2802
    @preethi2802 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

    areyyy Parth G, you did a great job making this video....finally got a clear insight on wat all these terms mean!!

  • @thecaribbeanbookworm5066
    @thecaribbeanbookworm5066 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    This channel just keeps getting better and better. I love this.

  • @SOBIESKI_freedom
    @SOBIESKI_freedom 3 ปีที่แล้ว +15

    Parth: Is your other name Arjun and do you have a blue-skinned friend?

    • @ankitaaarya
      @ankitaaarya 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      What is blue skined?

    • @kingsobieski9329
      @kingsobieski9329 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@ankitaaarya Not what, but who? Lord Krishna. Krishna was friends with Arjun (the third eldest Pandava) and he would call Arjun Parth.

    • @sowmitriswamy6718
      @sowmitriswamy6718 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      The name certainly refers to Arjun. My uncle had the name Parth Sarathy meaning "Arjun's charioteer", as Krishna was in the battlefield at Kurukshetra.

    • @SOBIESKI_freedom
      @SOBIESKI_freedom 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@sowmitriswamy6718 Lord Krishna certainly stuck to his word and abstained from fighting at Kurukshetra.

  • @parashar1505
    @parashar1505 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    if maths was taught like this in schools, we all would be mathemticians now! genius!

    • @stevekru6518
      @stevekru6518 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

      If math teachers understood the math then it would be taught that way.

  • @robineve2812
    @robineve2812 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thank you for your videos explaining formulae. I especially like your analogies drawn with real life phenomena, like vectors as wind charts, and, in another video, divergence compared to running and draining a bath. All these make understanding easier. Thank you

  • @jorgeromeu
    @jorgeromeu 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thanks a lot, im taking a numerical methods for PDEs course and i dont have the background in vector calculus, this video helped me a lot

  • @dennisbrown5313
    @dennisbrown5313 2 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    Good vid; I especially like your first def. of the Del. operator on a scalar field. In your discussion of curl, this would be better served by using geometric algebra instead of the std. curl. The "outer" product makes far more sense then the cross product.

  • @Kracheta
    @Kracheta 3 ปีที่แล้ว +14

    Wow, what an excellent video! Thanks so much for explaining so clearly. I found particularly helpful that you give the “types” of each operator, saying what kind of field they operate on and what kind of field they produce!

  • @isd99
    @isd99 3 ปีที่แล้ว +17

    Vector calculus love it

  • @dakshsharma5661
    @dakshsharma5661 3 ปีที่แล้ว +13

    you make me love physics.

  • @ashfakahamed3451
    @ashfakahamed3451 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    this is amazing . Sir I don't know how to say thank you to you......

  • @user-bz7ct3iu3v
    @user-bz7ct3iu3v 3 ปีที่แล้ว +6

    You are an outstanding teacher

  • @pragyanshsingh6093
    @pragyanshsingh6093 2 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    This is one of the best video explanation, I have watched on the vector calculus. Thanks a lot.

  • @guilhermemelo4434
    @guilhermemelo4434 3 ปีที่แล้ว +9

    It's funny, I subscribed to your channel 3 weeks ago, being curious about the Lagrange mechanics. So, you posted a video about virtual images, 2 days before I get to this subject on my course, and now you posted a video about these operators, on the same day I got to Maxwell Equations hahaha

    • @briann10
      @briann10 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      eyyy same here, started with lagrange few weeks ago too.

    • @yassinesafraoui
      @yassinesafraoui 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      I have a feeling that this guy is teaching the course you're studying hhhh

    • @edubezerra35
      @edubezerra35 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@yassinesafraoui Or maybe some teachers are stalking our youtuber :)

  • @EpicMathTime
    @EpicMathTime 3 ปีที่แล้ว +13

    Beautiful presentation, as usual.

  • @terencewright2223
    @terencewright2223 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Excellent video,thank you very much. Your videos or so well done and enjoyable.

  • @60pluscrazy
    @60pluscrazy 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Fantastic explanation 👌

  • @ekt2656
    @ekt2656 3 ปีที่แล้ว +6

    I’ve been subscribed for a couple weeks now because someone mentioned the Lagrangian to me and oh boy I’m staying subscribed

  • @gdilleperuma
    @gdilleperuma 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Doesn't the Del operator need to have unit vectors along with the partial derivatives ?

  • @mohamedah9133
    @mohamedah9133 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    You are teach us better than our doctor 👨‍⚕️ of physics

  • @roygalaasen
    @roygalaasen 3 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Just dropped by to encourage you to continue doing this. Your explanation is simply amazing. Thank you.

  • @Hasnainkhan-qd3wm
    @Hasnainkhan-qd3wm 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Wawooooo Amazing Job Bro 👍.
    Very short time to all my questions is clear.... Thank you so much 🥰💖

  • @TheRealJavahead
    @TheRealJavahead 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Whoa! Great video. Why have I only just now found your channel? Subscribed.

  • @JeremyChung
    @JeremyChung 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Holy crap. I'm only a first year eng. student and this made perfect sense. Super well made and insightful

  • @pruthveshmandle4978
    @pruthveshmandle4978 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    This is by far the best video I've seen on youTube that successfully explained me the physical significance of gradient. Thank you so much for this. The education system failed to let me appreciate the actual meaning of gradient for almost 6 years. This guy made me appreciate the
    idea in 5 minutes. Superb.

  • @suparnaprasad8187
    @suparnaprasad8187 2 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    Oh my god, this is a gem of a video. Today was my first physics class in undergrad and I did not understand head or tail of this whole concept but your animations and explanations have made it crystal clear now!
    Thank you so so much! This really made my day!

  • @rahulr9301
    @rahulr9301 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    WOW in the middle of your video i paused and put like and subscribe and then i resume:). Rocking bro

  • @charlesudekwe2404
    @charlesudekwe2404 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Honestly, I love these explanations, they are very intuitive and brings out the physical meaning of these concepts

  • @jas.c4986
    @jas.c4986 2 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    The best explaination on TH-cam!!! Finally not confused anymore.

  • @iestynjones5796
    @iestynjones5796 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Brilliant video. Thank you. You are a gifted teacher.

  • @muddysneakers1
    @muddysneakers1 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    this is AMAZING! thank you for a great video

  • @ferhatnusreturuc1809
    @ferhatnusreturuc1809 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Perfect explanation, perfect speech, thanks, it is good for us to watch your good job.

  • @miro.s
    @miro.s 3 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    It is interesting how you went against conventions from implicit/contour line domain to its "dual" explicit of differentials. Gradient is never presented as a slope of a line, as derivative of explicit function. But it can be when we think in dual context of common practice.

  • @patrickbrenier4361
    @patrickbrenier4361 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    bravo man, you are truly gifted for teaching physics! sharing with my son;-)

  • @ashfaqahmed9574
    @ashfaqahmed9574 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Perfect explanation! Thanks so much!

  • @souptemba3092
    @souptemba3092 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    thank you, this is perfect. exactly what i needed.

  • @AZ-hj8ym
    @AZ-hj8ym ปีที่แล้ว +1

    This is so beautiful!!I think I got it.Thank you!

  • @tanvirfarhan5585
    @tanvirfarhan5585 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    bro how kinetic energy creats heat ?
    so if an ice cube moves very fast through deep space it should get hot because it has kinetic energy so it should melt.
    the biggest question is how molecules hitting each other create thermal energy. the heat from the sun comes to us by radiation so if there is no medium like no molecules then how heat exists in the space without kinetic energy?
    or light and heat are same?

  • @quantumbracket6995
    @quantumbracket6995 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    everybody gansta till you add an 'm' after the first 'a'

    • @Jehannum2000
      @Jehannum2000 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Don't worry. I understood the joke. :)

  • @dylenweerasekara9533
    @dylenweerasekara9533 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thanks, For introducing vector Calculus.

  • @ak47_57
    @ak47_57 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thanks for making things easier 😍
    And I want to know if it is true, you look like Indian?

  • @timhowell6929
    @timhowell6929 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Awesome vid Parth, thank you!

  • @Hanuman120
    @Hanuman120 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Have you ever made a video discussing how you make your videos? I'd be interested in hearing what tools you use.

  • @halaanbar-ko1ez
    @halaanbar-ko1ez 11 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    i've watched this video more than once , every time i'm amazed , you explain it so simply like telling a story . thankyou

  • @TechSouls-wn6jc
    @TechSouls-wn6jc 10 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Nice explanation

  • @rd-tk6js
    @rd-tk6js ปีที่แล้ว +1

    very insightful yet concise, thanks !

  • @SCIFIBOX
    @SCIFIBOX 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Hello bhaiya.... Your explanation skills are off the chart... Would u like to make something together.... Maybe a podcast?...

  • @mahanteshshettar2318
    @mahanteshshettar2318 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Hi parth , It was a great video.... I learnt the practical way of thinking how this operator works.....
    Request : Do a video on ORBITAL MECHANICS , or Equations related to Space science and rocketry......

  • @maths-pro-by-khan-sir
    @maths-pro-by-khan-sir ปีที่แล้ว +1

    THANKS A LOT SIR, FOR SUCH NICE EXPLANATION 🙏🙏

  • @shaharudinhamidun2117
    @shaharudinhamidun2117 3 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    You always be able to explain the complex mathematic and physics in easy way so everybody could understand the subjects. Really enjoy watching your channel.

  • @BerkKara
    @BerkKara 10 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Nice and clean explanation. Billuruna saglik.

  • @nadiakhalili9412
    @nadiakhalili9412 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    the way you explain it makes it so attractive:)

  • @placeboantwerp4312
    @placeboantwerp4312 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Hi Parth, recently discovered your vids and am binging on them at the moment. They are all fantastic, in particular skimming the maths in favour of focusing on meaning. I really think you get that balance just right, for me anyway. This one is my favorite so far. Have loved to try and visualise Grad, Div and Curl for decades now and this was the best explanation I've come across. I'm going to try and give it a run with my wife, who doesn't seem to have my (our) love of physics. I think Grad, Div and Curl can all be explained with a swiming pool and velocity (speed) for vector (scalar) fields, so will supliment your video with my explanation of that.
    Keep up the fantastic work mate!

  • @robertschlesinger1342
    @robertschlesinger1342 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Excellent video. Very interesting, informative and worthwhile video. I never thought I'd see such an informative, yet concise explanation of these topics.

  • @aelolul
    @aelolul 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Back in college I was taught how to calculate these things, but never properly shown what they actually do (or didn't study properly to grasp it on my own). Thank you for this video, it was great.

  • @rohithvedika24
    @rohithvedika24 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Can you make a vedio on Dirac delta function!!

  • @LucasFerreira-dv6ol
    @LucasFerreira-dv6ol ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Dude! That is insanely amazing! Your didactic is incredible and the illustrations are so helpful! Thank you for this content, I really appreciate it!

  • @douglaswolfen7820
    @douglaswolfen7820 ปีที่แล้ว

    Great video, really helpful in so many ways. But there's one little comment I've got to disagree with, on philosophy grounds.
    "The reason why the electric field behaves in this way, is because of this Maxwell equation". I think that's backwards. The equation doesn't say why the field does these things, it just says that the field *does* do these things (and says it in a formal, mathematical way).
    Maxwell wrote that equation because he noticed that the electric field works that way. The behaviour doesn't exist because reality is obeying the equation. The equation exists because Maxwell tried to describe the behaviour.
    A silly point? Maybe. But i think it helps. Remembering that the equations are just someone's attempt to describe reality, helps me remember that the equations aren't actually "true". They're really, *really* good approximations, but quantum physicists are trying to come up with even better ones.
    The map is not the territory, etc

  • @nabrajpanthi9857
    @nabrajpanthi9857 3 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    keep it up...we need more of them to make education exciting!

  • @chyldstudios
    @chyldstudios 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Clear explanation of these concepts. Well done.

  • @alameenabdullahi4812
    @alameenabdullahi4812 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    I really enjoyed and found the video helping

  • @cadence_wav2423
    @cadence_wav2423 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Just a few realize how amazing is the musical taste ,which Parth G has 🤘🏻

  • @monoamiga
    @monoamiga ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Dude! You're beyond awesome. I watch physics and math videos for years (for the sake of fun and curiosity - I'm not a professional scientist, I'm a professional musician ;) ) and I FINALLY got it. This was my "aha" moment and I actually found these equations intuitively simple thanks to your straightforward explanation!!! Thank you!!!

  • @richardngjoobeng1403
    @richardngjoobeng1403 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    This video is AWESOME ! Well Done !!!

  • @andyrechenberg
    @andyrechenberg 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Best explanation of this topic that I've encountered. Great work! Cheers from Houston, TX.

  • @mahanpourfakhr2267
    @mahanpourfakhr2267 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    This was beautifully explained

  • @ramanujraman_
    @ramanujraman_ 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    I always wonder my physics textbook says that the negative gradient of potential energy gives force but I always wondered how come the partial derivative of a scalar could be a vector? Today I got my answer.

  • @Wordsforexistenxe1911
    @Wordsforexistenxe1911 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Sir you are doing a great job...
    Curious minds are happy now
    Thank you sir

  • @gustiuwah
    @gustiuwah 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    I'll be writing an exam about this topic soon and this video couldn't have come at a better time. You da best Parth!

  • @nekelly123
    @nekelly123 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Great explanation. Thanks!

  • @curtpiazza1688
    @curtpiazza1688 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Wow! Clear and concise presentation! Thank you so much!!!

  • @JB-123
    @JB-123 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Amazing video. Solid explanations, thank you.

  • @biniyamzegeye3697
    @biniyamzegeye3697 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    man, this man makes it look much easier

  • @Astartos22
    @Astartos22 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Brilliant video, thank you

  • @overlordprincekhan
    @overlordprincekhan 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Such a clear explanation! Keep up the good work bro!

  • @malefetsanekoalane4549
    @malefetsanekoalane4549 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Outstanding explanation as always.Thanks a lot Parth.

  • @issolomissolom3589
    @issolomissolom3589 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    One of the best and most concise explanations ever
    Thank you so much
    Why youtube algorithm doesnt show excellent videos like this
    Liked and subscribed

  • @blipblap614
    @blipblap614 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

    9:51 The way you've drawn this example, I think it's counter-intuitive that the curl should be nonzero, because the arrows are parallel. It looks like ∂F/∂x is 0, and ∂F/∂y is negative, but you never showed the definition for the curl operator.

  • @mikeg2798
    @mikeg2798 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Wish I had had that succinct explanation at university. Nice video.

  • @raphaelkaume
    @raphaelkaume 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    My friend you have such a gift for exposition please never stop. I'm in awe. Have watched just a few videos but immediately sub'd. In fact they're so good I've had to pause them at times and go make a nice cuppa coffee and come back later to enjoy with pad and pencil. Why oh why didn't we have teachers like this in school!!? Can you imagine on the Internet with comedy videos and cute animal videos yet you're making us chose to return again and again. Pure talent man you're opening new worlds for me. Now one of my top 4 sites for Science in general and top 2 for physics. Thank you

  • @kukuster
    @kukuster 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Wow, what's the track at the end? Sounds modern and progressive

    • @ParthGChannel
      @ParthGChannel  3 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      Thanks! It's something I've been working on, I'd like to release it at some point :)

    • @pinocleen
      @pinocleen 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@ParthGChannel So, is it finished yet?

  • @Verschlungen
    @Verschlungen 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    As always, Parth G's presentation is lyrically beautiful, concise, swift, and very informative!
    (As a point of comparison, I'm thinking of the "classic" by H.M. Shey entitled "div, grad, curl, and all that" [sic], with its odd sequence [Chapter II div, Chapter III curl, Chapter IV grad] and its bizarre notation explained on page 4n1; ugh.)

  • @rukeshveera5608
    @rukeshveera5608 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    thanks for great explanation

  • @cleitevieira
    @cleitevieira ปีที่แล้ว +1

    I wish my teachers during my Physics years had taught me operators like this... Thanks, Parth!

  • @chanlee5310
    @chanlee5310 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    nothing else you are just creating scients in this era using your videos dont stop this keep going just damn great contents

  • @KetanSingh
    @KetanSingh 11 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    You're a great teacher Parth

  • @joefuentes2977
    @joefuentes2977 3 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    I always called it the Pizza operator. So if I finished my test early I would make them look more like Pizza before turning it in.

  • @syte_cloud9829
    @syte_cloud9829 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    this is really useful man thank you!

  • @raorahulyadav4794
    @raorahulyadav4794 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    amazing and clear explanation