@@Higgsinophysics good that you enjoy making it coz the content will be fun to watch and for you, time passes like a breeze. You deserve much more subscribers
A few remarks: - The most used superconductors, NbTi and Nb3Sn, are both type 2 superconductors but are also explained by BCS theory. BCS doesn't work for the high-temperature superconductors (HTS), like the ReBCO and BSCCO compounds. - We know, phenomenologically at least, quite a bit about how type 2 SCs work. - The Meisner effect, which you describe when talking about floating, is far too weak in most situations to make something float. You need flux vortex pinning in type 2 SCs. - The flux vortices don't expel the magnetic field, they let it through, one flux quantum per vortex. Because it costs energy to move these vortices, the material tends to keep its position and hence can float - Type 1 superconductors are almost useless in practice Still, your explanation of what is simply is, the history, and especially the explanation of BCS is very nice
he said in the vid type 1 superconductors are the talked about super conductors.. they dont know how type 2 super conductors work so why are you saying type 1 s uperconductors are almost useles in practice!?!??!
@@SmethiousReborn he's saying the majority of the things higginso said are for type 1 are actually for type 2. so all the cool stuff happens with type 2 conductors not type 1
@@Higgsinophysics like your voice its cool, learn some of Arnold's favorite lines and words from a sound board... the more you sound like Alrnold the more subscribers you'll get ... it worked on me because Arnold is cool.
I'm working on a paper about superconductivity and man, I gotta say, this 8 minute video did so much more for me than staring at my modern physics textbook for half an hour. Keep up the great content! Subscribed
Hello Stephen, I am an IB student working on an essay on superconductivity as well, specifically the transition to zero resistivity. How did the essay go? I would be extremely grateful if you would send it to me to help me on my research! Thanks
Great video. Thank you for the work you put into your simulations, it makes everything so much easier to understand. In my biology class, we were talking about diffusion of water across a membrane. The teacher asked if the molecules would simply stop moving once equilibrium is reached, and I answered "no" because I remembered one of the simulations from your entropy video. The particles keep moving back and forth, and the multiplicity still stays the same. Thanks!
For year 12 we have to write an article about any topic of our choice and give a lecture in front of our class,and have to pass this to get into yr 13. Its not too hard but I kinda now that feel since I have already written multiple articles where there was barely any material to learn from until I finish my articles. It's really annoying. What did you do your thesis on?
wait, what ? So, the resistance is ABSOLUTELY, PRECISELY, MATHEMATICALLY ZERO ? as in NULL ? OMG I mean I always assumed when they did the levitating superconductors thing the Eddy currents would eventually give way to gravity by bending eversoslightly and losing energy, but I guess that was just the temperature rising I mean I can't put into words just how INCREDIBLY NEAT that is Like, you would think that doing something like bouncing a lightbeam off of a spherical mirror would last forever, but it doesn't, and so many things in this universe bow down to entropy's clenching iron fist But the fact that you can have current going through a superconductor FOREVER just blew my mind
I exaggerated a bit because no matter what we measure there will always be some uncertainty in the measurements. So we don't know for sure that it is ABSOLUTELY, PRECISELY, MATHEMATICALLY ZERO :D But we know for sure the resistance is as good as zero, there was no intensity loss measured outside the uncertainty.. Also NULL is not zero it's nothing :p
There's also "time crystals", which are little quantum "perpetual motion machines", going theoretically forever without losing energy and increasing entropy.
It’s been 3years since this video was released. My professor didn’t really explain superconductors last week and then just skipped to next new chapter by leaving a series of questions in the homework. Thanks for the video so much, it makes a lot of sense and make superconductivity so interesting to me!
A good curation of internet material is far superior than any university course if the material out there exists, and isn't cutting edge info that only the researchers themselves have. But professors rarely ever teach a class on their cutting edge material anyway.
@@gwho Kinda. The advantage of courses is feedback. If anything unclear you can often ask and get a direct answer way more easily than with the internet. Perhaps more importantly you get various knowledge checks so you can get feedback on things you didn't know you didn't understand. Though admittedly there is a lot of great stuff out there that can be more engaging or explain things better than some course can do in person. So there are pros and cons.
Visiting this video to find out what and what isn't possible with superconductors, now that a potential (it is not peer reviewed yet) type 2 super conductor could do for our society!
Thank you for this video. I have been trying to learn about superconductors through reading the new papers on the ultra pressurized superconductors, but everytime Tc showed up I kept wondering "Why does the temperature have this effect?" Thank you giving me a start on why temperature gives this effect.
Nice video! just a small note, there are no maglev trains in existence that make use of this property. The one showed, the Transrapid, doesn't make use of superconductivity at all. The SC-Maglev in Japan _does_ use superconductivity, but this is to be able to create extremely energy efficient magnets, because no resistance means no energy lost.
I love that I can use this video to show not just superconductivity, but conductivity, temperature-dependence conductivity, and resistance as well. In about 8 minutes, you taught an entire three-hour lecture for me. WHY?! Just kidding. Thank you for obviously taking a lot of time to illustrate it all so well.
I loved this video especially the animation!! It made the whole content so much easier to follow!!! If you dont mind telling me how do you make those animations, I've recently started teaching a class and want to give a go at it🙈
I think they don‘t. They theorized it and try to prove it wrong until the can‘t. So those are just humans assumptions/perception of nature. Sometimes they can be wrong or not complete.
Superb channel. Great explanation. This video combined with Arvin Ash’s video gave me an adequate understanding of superconductivity. My first NFT purchase will be from you good sir.
No problem man. I used to do web development and my teacher was very strict on getting the application to work for people using outdated internet explore - "You can't ignore the customers". Anyways my point is imperial units is the unit equivalent of outdated internet explorer ;)
This is very intriguing subject...knowing this assists me in understanding our ultimate destiny. What if the charge on our atoms changed, aren't we superconductive? Consciousness in harmonic resonance with the totality of our Being.WOW
Another explanation is, " A super cooled magnet that is used as a super conductor is condensed metal from contraction of metal Inverting the magnetic poles of A magnet inward. ( Condensing fermions into bosons ) As the metal thaws from natural room temperature heat the bosons decompress into their original field states as fermions? What do you think? ( Cold contracts metals, Heat expands metal )
Fantastic video! I've never really learned much about superconductors and this was a great explanation. Out of curiosity, when you say that the Cooper pairs are entangled, is this true quantum entanglement, or are they just physically sticking together because of the mutual attraction?
Good question. I have actually no idea. But tomorrow i'm meeting with a professor in solid state physics, i'll ask him. I'm curios as well. But i'm guessing no actually because these electrons are weakly bound - so if you could change the spin of one electron i'm guessing the bond would brake. Idk
So i spoke with the professor - he said no. It no longer makes sence to speak about individual electrons when they are clumped into 1 state. So it doesn't share anything with entanglement
How a superconductor works. Everything from the physics and some of the history as well. Superconductors were discovered in 1911 by Heike Kamerlingh Onnes. It was discovered because it was made possible to liquefy helium which produced temperatures down to 2-4 kelvin. It was then discovered the resistance drops to 0 after the critical temperature. It is explained by BCS theory, how two electrons goes from fermions and bonds into a boson. This theory can be used to leviates trains or everything. Explained by the meissner effect. This video only cover type 1 and not type 2 superconductors.
Based on this behavior essentially only needs electrons and a differential in positive and negative charged states with-in certain mediums: it actually only seems natural that this must be commonly present all around our environment. Probably in tons of ways we don't even see or realize. Electrons are everywhere, a differences in charges & states must be as common as the presence of hot and cold temperatures which cause places with high or lower pressure area's. Which causes wind, air movement, flow. This behavior in nature is key: nature seems to need a state of higher energy and a state of lower energy to create some form of fundamental aspect of functions with-in Nature. With those differences, nature finds ways to utilize it, have functional system's, which eventually get themselves self back to a more stable ground state. ~Differences~ or *fluctuations seems to be the core behavior of nature's "engine" to any given system in nature as we know it. This is really facinating to ponder about. Additionally, I once thought space was a complete vacuum. I saw something saying it's not a "complete vacuum" which is interesting. That seems to be just enough that it allows certain things and behaviors to occur throughout the Cosmo's. Which then seems to be the core backbone to most fundamental forces of nature. It strives to reach that stable ground state BUT it is capable of having areas of differentials. Those differences are the starter factor that gets most things rolling rather than staying static/stable or flat out inactive.
So this is basically like induction... but the conductivity is so great that absolutely zero magnetic change is allowed. Because if there's resistance, I could see that the electrons that make the magnetic field gets tired, but these never get tired and will keep making magnetic field/force against any motion?
Weird question. Coil guns that reply on copper coils and magnetic fields to launch a projectile have warnings saying people with pacemakers should not fire the coil gun because of the large magnetic field it creates. If it would be possible to have a room temperature super conductor, would putting the components inside a room temp super conductor focus the magnetic fields to only inside (and out the barrel) and not blast out all over the place? As in, would it make it safe for people with pacemakers and sensitive electronics to be close to a firing coil gun?
Isn't temperature inversely proportional to material resistance? A densely packed cold wire should have more obstruction or resistance than a wire of the same material at a higher temperature, as the higher temperature would allow it to expand and reduce the protons in the path of the flowing electrons carrying charge
I imagine these videos take a while to make, fantastic job once again.
yeah they do. But most of the time it's fun!
@@Higgsinophysics good that you enjoy making it coz the content will be fun to watch and for you, time passes like a breeze. You deserve much more subscribers
@@turbothrottletrouble4217 1 more subscriber. Thank you for doing this and phenomenal work.
A few remarks:
- The most used superconductors, NbTi and Nb3Sn, are both type 2 superconductors but are also explained by BCS theory. BCS doesn't work for the high-temperature superconductors (HTS), like the ReBCO and BSCCO compounds.
- We know, phenomenologically at least, quite a bit about how type 2 SCs work.
- The Meisner effect, which you describe when talking about floating, is far too weak in most situations to make something float. You need flux vortex pinning in type 2 SCs.
- The flux vortices don't expel the magnetic field, they let it through, one flux quantum per vortex. Because it costs energy to move these vortices, the material tends to keep its position and hence can float
- Type 1 superconductors are almost useless in practice
Still, your explanation of what is simply is, the history, and especially the explanation of BCS is very nice
he said in the vid type 1 superconductors are the talked about super conductors.. they dont know how type 2 super conductors work so why are you saying type 1 s uperconductors are almost useles in practice!?!??!
@@SmethiousReborn he's saying the majority of the things higginso said are for type 1 are actually for type 2. so all the cool stuff happens with type 2 conductors not type 1
It was great have Arnold Schwarzenegger narrate this video and show his interest in physics
Man i wish people would call me the Arnold in real life! I should start bench pressing some more
@@Higgsinophysics like your voice its cool, learn some of Arnold's favorite lines and words from a sound board... the more you sound like Alrnold the more subscribers you'll get ... it worked on me because Arnold is cool.
@@Higgsinophysics some moah*
Lmfao, anyone else read the comment before hearing the voice.
😂
I'm working on a paper about superconductivity and man, I gotta say, this 8 minute video did so much more for me than staring at my modern physics textbook for half an hour. Keep up the great content! Subscribed
I love to hear when the videos can be used like this. Thank you for sharing!
Hello Stephen, I am an IB student working on an essay on superconductivity as well, specifically the transition to zero resistivity. How did the essay go? I would be extremely grateful if you would send it to me to help me on my research!
Thanks
Great video. Thank you for the work you put into your simulations, it makes everything so much easier to understand.
In my biology class, we were talking about diffusion of water across a membrane. The teacher asked if the molecules would simply stop moving once equilibrium is reached, and I answered "no" because I remembered one of the simulations from your entropy video. The particles keep moving back and forth, and the multiplicity still stays the same. Thanks!
iPeaceful nice good job man - and thanks for telling me. It’s really nice to know you got something useful out of the videos
A gem has been found
Seriously? I can't believe, this is so Underrated!
Dude whats up with profile pic? I know him.
3:09 wasn't expecting the meme LOL
who is this WHAH guy? lol
@@AntonySimkin A Christian pastor. Says "why" alot. I do not know his name lol
When the video cuts to “why???” I nearly spat out my coffee! What amazing timing for that edit! Thanks for this awesome video:)
Wish I watched this 2 years ago when I worked on my thesis
it hasn’t been out for 2 years yet
For year 12 we have to write an article about any topic of our choice and give a lecture in front of our class,and have to pass this to get into yr 13. Its not too hard but I kinda now that feel since I have already written multiple articles where there was barely any material to learn from until I finish my articles. It's really annoying.
What did you do your thesis on?
bro can you pass me your thesis pls?
Probably the best visual explanation about electrodynamics of the supeeconductors I've ever seen. I'll definitely subscribe to this channel.
You explained everything crystal clear in just less than 9 minutes.
That's what we need in our school physics lectures.
THANK YOU for going into more detail!! Several videos about this topic, but none of them really explain much.
np glad you found it useful
Teacher: temperature coefficient blah blah ( concept unclear)
He : hold my helium
👍👍👍👍👍
wait, what ? So, the resistance is ABSOLUTELY, PRECISELY, MATHEMATICALLY ZERO ? as in NULL ?
OMG I mean I always assumed when they did the levitating superconductors thing the Eddy currents would eventually give way to gravity by bending eversoslightly and losing energy, but I guess that was just the temperature rising
I mean I can't put into words just how INCREDIBLY NEAT that is
Like, you would think that doing something like bouncing a lightbeam off of a spherical mirror would last forever, but it doesn't, and so many things in this universe bow down to entropy's clenching iron fist
But the fact that you can have current going through a superconductor FOREVER just blew my mind
I exaggerated a bit because no matter what we measure there will always be some uncertainty in the measurements. So we don't know for sure that it is ABSOLUTELY, PRECISELY, MATHEMATICALLY ZERO :D But we know for sure the resistance is as good as zero, there was no intensity loss measured outside the uncertainty.. Also NULL is not zero it's nothing :p
There's also "time crystals", which are little quantum "perpetual motion machines", going theoretically forever without losing energy and increasing entropy.
It’s been 3years since this video was released. My professor didn’t really explain superconductors last week and then just skipped to next new chapter by leaving a series of questions in the homework. Thanks for the video so much, it makes a lot of sense and make superconductivity so interesting to me!
A good curation of internet material is far superior than any university course if the material out there exists, and isn't cutting edge info that only the researchers themselves have.
But professors rarely ever teach a class on their cutting edge material anyway.
@@gwho Kinda. The advantage of courses is feedback. If anything unclear you can often ask and get a direct answer way more easily than with the internet. Perhaps more importantly you get various knowledge checks so you can get feedback on things you didn't know you didn't understand. Though admittedly there is a lot of great stuff out there that can be more engaging or explain things better than some course can do in person. So there are pros and cons.
Incredible how your 9 min video explains the topic way better than my entire 90 min lecture! Thank you, keep up the grat work :DD
Video contents is SUPERB , AMAZING
but...
Do the background black only for eye comfort.
That example made with lightning and the conductivity of air was magnificent! Wow.
This video was incredible! I learned so much and have a new found interest in superconductors, I cant wait to go dive deeper!
Glad to hear that thank you
one of the most didactic explanation of superconductivty I've ever seen! thank you! cheers from Brazil
Great video! I really enjoyed the animations :D
Thank you!
Hello from the future!
Nice simulations for the electron ball and chain. My idea for the next video - Superfluidity / bose einstein condensates!
Thanks for the suggestion. It would be a nice continuation
Visiting this video to find out what and what isn't possible with superconductors, now that a potential (it is not peer reviewed yet) type 2 super conductor could do for our society!
its really fantastic..... I was searching for a long time about quantum levitation and ur video really solved my doubts.....thanks a lot
I just heard the news about LK99, sounds really amazing, would you please make a video about this material? Thx
ONE OF THE BEST EXPLANATION, I EVER HEARD
Thx, this helps me a lot. This's the best animation of BCS theory I ever watched.
Thank you for this video. I have been trying to learn about superconductors through reading the new papers on the ultra pressurized superconductors, but everytime Tc showed up I kept wondering "Why does the temperature have this effect?" Thank you giving me a start on why temperature gives this effect.
Nice video! just a small note, there are no maglev trains in existence that make use of this property. The one showed, the Transrapid, doesn't make use of superconductivity at all. The SC-Maglev in Japan _does_ use superconductivity, but this is to be able to create extremely energy efficient magnets, because no resistance means no energy lost.
oobs. Thanks for letting me now !
Thanks so much! You have just helped me so much with a superconductors project I am doing in Physics.
glad I could help
Once again i came here really loved your videos thanks for uploading.
I love that I can use this video to show not just superconductivity, but conductivity, temperature-dependence conductivity, and resistance as well. In about 8 minutes, you taught an entire three-hour lecture for me. WHY?! Just kidding. Thank you for obviously taking a lot of time to illustrate it all so well.
Glad you think that, it was the goal of this video. Thank you!
It’s a great youtube channel that comprise exact and complete physics details in it❤.
Thanks for those kind words @hosseinrajabi3885!
I loved this video especially the animation!! It made the whole content so much easier to follow!!!
If you dont mind telling me how do you make those animations, I've recently started teaching a class and want to give a go at it🙈
well my question is how scientists observe those microscopic level moments/phenomena
I think they don‘t. They theorized it and try to prove it wrong until the can‘t. So those are just humans assumptions/perception of nature. Sometimes they can be wrong or not complete.
Fingers crossed a type 2 may have been discovered
Thanku sir for this effort. My concepts are much better now. Thanku from bottom of heart
Thanks so much, been looking for this for quite a while
You make the internet smarter and more worthwhile
Awesome 👍 just found your channel. Great work you did there . Thanks for your effort.
thank you!
This is what every collage and modern day physics should be working on.
Nice video, great explain. I can imagine how it works by this video.
glad to hear that :)
Excellent video...made me imagened what actually superconductors are...thnx
This is a remarkably intelligent video
Appreciate your comment - thank you.
Such a beautiful video
So nice of you 👍👍
my man helping me with my physics homework here
Yo super high quality amazing stuff bro
Thank you i appreciate it :D
Very good video man, super informative, got a lot better understanding of superconductors now
by far the best video on the topic, super cool job!!
you deserve much, much more subscribers
appreciate your comment ❤️
Nature is flippen awesome! Well presented. Thank you!
The day has come with room temperature super conductor
Why doesn't this channel have a million subs?!
that was amazing!!! a satisfying video after a long long time!! n btw, i subscribed!
thanks for this kind comment!
Superb channel. Great explanation. This video combined with Arvin Ash’s video gave me an adequate understanding of superconductivity. My first NFT purchase will be from you good sir.
Thank you for the unit conversations most American science videos just us metric units and it makes them come across a little snooty.
No problem man. I used to do web development and my teacher was very strict on getting the application to work for people using outdated internet explore - "You can't ignore the customers". Anyways my point is imperial units is the unit equivalent of outdated internet explorer ;)
wow what a good explanation of this phenomenon! Thank you!
Thanks friend
Great VOD man realy helped me out im doing a project about maglev and i need to understand superconduction
its really wonderful representation. thanks
Great, thank you! This was very clear to follow and understand.
Did you hate my pronunciation? Content of video is in article format here: higgsino.medium.com/the-physics-of-superconductivity-8631a174f986
Your pronunciation is perfectly fine. European accents are much more preferable than an Indian accent...
@@clemeschmidt Indian accents just pronounce every word strongly? don't know how that's bad
I learned something. Thanks
Difficult things made simple thank you sirs, very much appreciated
Thank you! This was fun to watch
And now for my American friends I would like to offer a Skillshare course on how the metric system works.
thank you great vid! no cap. Type 2 semiconductors sound even more interesting.
Great explanation! Now I need to learn more about cooper pairs...
Nice video. There is a typo at 0:56, Liqiud instead of Liquid Nitrogen.
Awesome graphics
that ''you can't take energy from something that is in the ground state'' was so obvious and jut so shocking at the same time, don't know why :D
This is very intriguing subject...knowing this assists me in understanding our ultimate destiny. What if the charge on our atoms changed, aren't we superconductive? Consciousness in harmonic resonance with the totality of our Being.WOW
A well structured, clear, visually rich video. Just one thing, who on Earth would color their electrons red and nucleus blue?
This video earned you my sub
Amazing video very helpful thank you 😊
Another explanation is, " A super cooled magnet that is used as a super conductor is condensed metal from contraction of metal Inverting the magnetic poles of A magnet inward. ( Condensing fermions into bosons ) As the metal thaws from natural room temperature heat the bosons decompress into their original field states as fermions? What do you think?
( Cold contracts metals, Heat expands metal )
And hence thanks to your help I passed yet another semester.
5:18 & 7:54 , I like his use of the Windows error sound to make the point. :)
Great explanations, awesome graphics
Fantastic video! I've never really learned much about superconductors and this was a great explanation.
Out of curiosity, when you say that the Cooper pairs are entangled, is this true quantum entanglement, or are they just physically sticking together because of the mutual attraction?
Good question. I have actually no idea. But tomorrow i'm meeting with a professor in solid state physics, i'll ask him. I'm curios as well. But i'm guessing no actually because these electrons are weakly bound - so if you could change the spin of one electron i'm guessing the bond would brake. Idk
So i spoke with the professor - he said no. It no longer makes sence to speak about individual electrons when they are clumped into 1 state. So it doesn't share anything with entanglement
@@Higgsinophysics but no two quantum objects can have the same quantum numbers ... but in this scenario how do they get clumped into one state?
How a superconductor works. Everything from the physics and some of the history as well. Superconductors were discovered in 1911 by Heike Kamerlingh Onnes. It was discovered because it was made possible to liquefy helium which produced temperatures down to 2-4 kelvin.
It was then discovered the resistance drops to 0 after the critical temperature. It is explained by BCS theory, how two electrons goes from fermions and bonds into a boson.
This theory can be used to leviates trains or everything. Explained by the meissner effect. This video only cover type 1 and not type 2 superconductors.
Great work!
great video
very nice explanation
so helpful thank you!!
Great video. How can we built a magnetic levitation train model. Explain about that.
Physics is nothing but a simple concept which is oversimplified with fancy names
Based on this behavior essentially only needs electrons and a differential in positive and negative charged states with-in certain mediums: it actually only seems natural that this must be commonly present all around our environment. Probably in tons of ways we don't even see or realize. Electrons are everywhere, a differences in charges & states must be as common as the presence of hot and cold temperatures which cause places with high or lower pressure area's. Which causes wind, air movement, flow. This behavior in nature is key: nature seems to need a state of higher energy and a state of lower energy to create some form of fundamental aspect of functions with-in Nature. With those differences, nature finds ways to utilize it, have functional system's, which eventually get themselves self back to a more stable ground state. ~Differences~ or *fluctuations seems to be the core behavior of nature's "engine" to any given system in nature as we know it. This is really facinating to ponder about.
Additionally, I once thought space was a complete vacuum. I saw something saying it's not a "complete vacuum" which is interesting. That seems to be just enough that it allows certain things and behaviors to occur throughout the Cosmo's. Which then seems to be the core backbone to most fundamental forces of nature. It strives to reach that stable ground state BUT it is capable of having areas of differentials. Those differences are the starter factor that gets most things rolling rather than staying static/stable or flat out inactive.
Nice work, I think I might have bumped into super conductivity somehow. Cheers..!!
your animation is really aesthetic
glad you think that! thank you
an amazing explanation
can you use a superconducter to block magneticfields and in that way create some kind of perpetual motion
This video was so well done. Your animations look great. Which software did you use to do them?
It's easy to understand
Glad to hear that
So this is basically like induction... but the conductivity is so great that absolutely zero magnetic change is allowed. Because if there's resistance, I could see that the electrons that make the magnetic field gets tired, but these never get tired and will keep making magnetic field/force against any motion?
Weird question. Coil guns that reply on copper coils and magnetic fields to launch a projectile have warnings saying people with pacemakers should not fire the coil gun because of the large magnetic field it creates. If it would be possible to have a room temperature super conductor, would putting the components inside a room temp super conductor focus the magnetic fields to only inside (and out the barrel) and not blast out all over the place? As in, would it make it safe for people with pacemakers and sensitive electronics to be close to a firing coil gun?
Isn't temperature inversely proportional to material resistance? A densely packed cold wire should have more obstruction or resistance than a wire of the same material at a higher temperature, as the higher temperature would allow it to expand and reduce the protons in the path of the flowing electrons carrying charge
It was a great explanation
Very well explained 👍, here I have a question why you called it Quantum dance?
Kudos to the explanation