I attempted this same process with Aluminum Chloride hexahydrate (I couldn't find straight AlCl3 at the time, I have some on order), using 0.021 mols (5.05g) of AlCl3H12O6. I figured the added H2O would dilute the acid a bit, so I went with a slightly higher concentration. The aluminum chloride finally dissolved into the acid when I heated it to around 40-50C. After everything was added and finished bubbling, it was much more watery than your FeCl3 version.
Robert Murray-Smith My chem professor said its a very exothermic reaction. Add water to a high molarity or solid acid and it has the nasty habit of flashing to steam. Not unlike adding wet bismuth to liquid bismuth on the stove.
It's quite common for people starting in chemistry to be told this, because they're usually diluting acid into a large volume of water, in fact generally you always want to add the smaller volume to the larger volume so the heat generated can be more readily dissipated.
having watched this video and the other on graphite foam insulating properties it makes me wonder if it would be possible to intercalate the foam. This is going back to thermal electric generators needing conductivity with high thermal insulating properties....I will soon have my own facilitiy to try some of this out. Thanks for the info to date...keep it up
In another video you use potassium permanganate and sulfuric acid to oxidize the graphene to graphene oxide. How do you know you are not getting oxidation products here as well?
Great video, is it possible to sandwhich silicon between graphene layers? In my theory, it’ll decrease the expansion of silicon in a battery while the graphene maintains the integrity
Hi Robert. I've been following your channel for quite long now. I really want to make this intercalated Graphite. It comes to my mind so many uses I can give to it. But I have a big issue. I am from Argentina and here the potassium permanganate and sulphuric acid are strictly regulated and i cant get my hand arround some. I was thinking if i can substitute the potassium permanganate for another oxidizing agent and the sulphuric acid for any other acid. What do you think? Will it work as well?. Thank you very much for your time and knowledge. You can't imagine how much i have learned for this videos.
After following this procedure, when I added the permanganate slowly, the temperature had risen fairly quickly to over 50c- everything seems correct (foamed, now gel like) except how hot it wants to get (I threw it in an ice bath to get temp down quickly, as in other videos u mention staying below 55) It's now at ~23c and seems to have killed the reaction Are you using an ice bath? How are u keeping it around 40c? Ur awesome, cheers,
Got this to work beautifully. I do have a question though. The brown supernatant, obviously this is a mix of acid, iron chloride, and permanganate, as well as any side reactions that have possibly taken place. But there seems to be a significant amount of dark brown "graphene-looking" material that is very soluble and takes a bit to settle out. I know you've done another video about GO synthesis using sulfuric acid and permanganate, with a couple variations from this method. So I'm wondering, is there a chance that this mixture contains GO? I decided to chuck some 30% H2O2 on it and it turned from brown to a grayish black fairly quickly.
Dear Robert, there is some confusion about the amounts of KMNO4 and FeCL3... in the video details - it shows - 3.4 g Fe anf 7.2 g of KMNO4.. whereas in the comments section it is reverse.. I have tried the one reversed.. it does not give brown color in the end.... can you please clarify..
Hi Robert, Great video, it would I have some superfine powdered dry black ink. Can I use that as my starting material to create the Interclated compound
To answer my own question...I just spoke to an EE friend he said "Column 13 for p and 15 for n" Now the big question is how the hell you intercalate those with graphite? Oh man this is fun. I wish I paid more attention in Chemistry class.
Hi Robert I did this with great results. I ran it through Hydrogen Peroxide 4 times with my sonicator, and now I'm left with fairly pure 1 and 2 layer Graphine. I want to make a fairly thick ink to airbrush onto copper, zinc, aluminium and other foils and a titanium sheet that I've concocted, for my ultracapacitors. I'm thinking 5 grams of the graphine, 100 ml of deionised water and 10% pva, and magnetically stir. Do you agree? Cheers Ed
Well, I had cancer of the tongue, so I have a speech impediment, so probably not. I was really enthused by your taster on the 1MF SuperCap, so I immediately did the Acetone/Water method. It works, but under the microscope, I only see blocks, so I tried intercalated with Iron chloride. It works much better, especially with 50% hydrogen peroxide with a few grains of baking soda to prolong the reaction. I made a ultrasonic sonicator with a single 100 watt transducer and driver, controlled by arduino (5 mins on, 5 mins off for 1 hour). 4 rounds makes pristine graphene. My end aim (after experimentation) is to make a 100,000F SCap, and then 1MF, and then 100MF.... I will experiment with what combinations of metals make the least leakage SCap, and what thickness of Graphene retains the most power. I'm on a disability benefit in Au, so this is fast becoming my obsession.... Cheers Ed
Is there a way for predicting if a certain ion would intercalate into a material? I was thinking that since a lot of metal ions intercalate into graphite, maybe it was because carbon is a mild reducing agent and this causes a interaction between the carbon and intercalant. So if I want to find a material to intercalate anions into, should I be looking for a oxidizing agent?
+Red Rake intercalation is more of a physical thing mate. You want galleries for a start - or a structure that can take intercalation or insertion, like perovskites or chalcogenides - particularly the dichacogenides
Exito en el intercalado del grafito con cloruro ferrico? Robert no se si el grafito exfoliado intercalado debe ser atraido por el iman, tu que opinas¿? Robert if not exfoliated graphite intercalated be attracted by the magnet, what do you think?
Could you use natural charcoal and a vice to press it into graphite for uses like in this video? I am interested in upcycling my wood ash for naturally sourced ingredients for some of these graphite/graphene projects.
I did this. I tried making a sheet out of it, but it was flaky (maybe because my graphite is 10 micron). I added it to peroxide and it did cause the peroxide to fizz, but not as vigorously as yours. The shininess and conductivity are both huge though. Can I use the GIC directly in an ink, or am I better off turning it into graphene first?
Robert Murray-Smith the GIC ink gave the conductivity I quoted on your other video. I'm trying the bromide intercalation route for graphene. Will homogenisation or wet grinding the bromide intercalated graphite also produce graphene? I am particularly interested in wet grinding because the setup is quite cheap, and widely used here in India
Hi mate, i've been having a go at this and it's a lot of fun but i wonder if you could help. When i put the intercalated graphite into the h2o2 it fizzes and fumes just like yours does, at this point i thought i had cracked it but after sitting for a short while it separates. Any suggestions as to what i'm doing wrong? The only thing i can think of is that i used ferric chloride hexahydrate instead of the dry powder that you had. I added more of it to make up for the weight of the water. cheers
Im busy making up some ferric chloride out in the shed right now. But I think that I am going to look around to find a safe way to make beryllium chloride. I have a big stack of beryllium in the shed just sitting there doing nothing good
lol yeah right? They were polished beryllium mirrors for a scanning device that I helped design in the 90s. I was just reading that it is non ionic. so .... not a good experiment !!
Hi Robert It would be really helpful if you could tell me is it possible to make graphene from HOPG Graphite through exfoliation method ? Thanks for your precious time :)
sry may its a stupid question, but is it not 3.4g of poatassium permanganate and 7.2g of iron III chloride? and one more^^ : i got hydrated iron III chloride (hexahydrat), is it the same then yours, or do i have to add more (in gramm)? thx...
hiya - you are right about the amounts - and it is ok to use hexahydrate. You have to remember this is an experiment not a recipe - you can vary the amounts and see what happens
bob if it is possible may you tell me the correct fecl3 you used to make the intercalated graphite, i may try fecl3 hydrate but as your experiment was positive i would like to know what is the fecl3 you used well.
Hello mister Robert, I tried this procedure 3 times already, for my school project about grafeen. But still no good results. I have some problems with it.. 1. There is less reaction with sulfuric accid + iron(III)chloride in my 3 experiments.. 2. And when I add the potassium permanganate, there is almost no reaction.. It won't turn into the thick substance you have in this video.. In the first 2 synthesis I used: iron(III)chloride -(hexahydrat) and activated carbon. In the last synthesis I used normal iron(III)chloride and graphite powder. Do you have any idea what the problem could be? Yours sincerely, Hessel
there is absolutely no point in using activated carbon - a graphite intercalated compound has to use graphite otherwise it isn't a graphite intercalated compound. You have to follow it exactly or it has no chance of working
Having not a single gram of graphite at my school, my teacher told me to try it with activated carbon.. With no results ofcourse.. After these 2 failed attempts I scored some graphite from a company in Amsterdam. Today I did experiment exactly as you described in your video.. Except the mad stirring part.. I did this more gently. The result was a black thick substance. It doesn't have the brown colour as in your experiment nor the thickness. It is now setteling down in 2L demineralised water. But I think this is going to take a while. Should I make the potassium permanganate crystals smaller, using a mortar? Or should I use a bigger concentration of sulfuric acid ? I want to use this to make the grafeen sheets as you explain in your video. So next step is the microwave exfoliation then the large scale graphene oxide production method, Washing procedure and then the video of making the sheets.. Is this the correct sequence?
The use of KMnO4 is generally what defines the Hummer's method. NaNO3 is used and other methods exist like The Staudenmeier-Hoffman-Hamdi methods - have a search on google scholar for details
To make an N type intercalated compound which reagents would you replace the ferric chloride with? I have an idea for a novel use of the peltier device and would lke to custom make the device rather than purchace one. Please,
I tried this and the sulphuric acid / ferric chloride reaction was rather weak (almost non existent). Would this be a result of using hexahydrate ferric chloride instead of hydrated?
Robert Murray-Smith I mean, it's FeCl3 but in the liquid form. And I'm not sure about the ratio - should I consider the amount of water in the iron chloride solution when adding water to sulphuric acid?
Irina Shaklova go for it - recrystallization is a standard purification techniques - just boil a bit off and leave it to cool - the crystals will drop out of solution then pour off the liquid and leave the crystals to dry out - they will very very pure
great bids Robert. Have you tried to make graphene from coal using a similar process. I want to try it but not sure how much nitric acid and sulfuric acid to use. sonicated for 24 hours.
+andrew cravalho I wouldn't use coal myself mate - there has been some work on this but the graphene is at the quantum dot level - interesting stuff but for straight forward graphene i would use graphite
+Robert Murray-Smith can you explain why? My current understanding is that it has approximately a 20% yield. with coal being so cheap it makes sense. could quantum dots be converted to oxide? Thanks in advance for your response:)
+andrew cravalho Just a higher yield mate and easier to do - but go for it - i intend to try myself quite soon. Most people just want as much graphene as possible and i made that assumption about you - I am sorry for that - myself - I just like to try things - and it now seems so do you lol
Hey Robert! Great video! Minor point, but something that confused me when I saw it. You may want to doublecheck the circuit you draw at about 2:00 for the peltier junction. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermoelectric_effect I think you have your electrodes wrong. As always, thanks for your time and thoughts!
you are right i did get it the wrong way round thanks for that - it is a bit confused between an actual device and the way the peltier is measured for the seebeck effect across a single semiconductor
I read a lot of comments about him telling is a charlatan. As you said whatever is a grear discover. I think the secret is not in the liquid but in the graphite itself.
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I just realise how powerful your methods and techniques and teaching is.
+Bartosz Barejko cheers mate
Well done. That was concise, well-prepared, and directly applicable to the viewer's intentions.
I attempted this same process with Aluminum Chloride hexahydrate (I couldn't find straight AlCl3 at the time, I have some on order), using 0.021 mols (5.05g) of AlCl3H12O6. I figured the added H2O would dilute the acid a bit, so I went with a slightly higher concentration. The aluminum chloride finally dissolved into the acid when I heated it to around 40-50C. After everything was added and finished bubbling, it was much more watery than your FeCl3 version.
Do as you oughta add acid to water, I remember when I started my chem classes my dad taught me this saying. Thank you for the new videos.
if you do it the other way round it spits hot acid at you! I am glad you enjoy the vids
Robert Murray-Smith
My chem professor said its a very exothermic reaction. Add water to a high molarity or solid acid and it has the nasty habit of flashing to steam. Not unlike adding wet bismuth to liquid bismuth on the stove.
It's quite common for people starting in chemistry to be told this, because they're usually diluting acid into a large volume of water, in fact generally you always want to add the smaller volume to the larger volume so the heat generated can be more readily dissipated.
having watched this video and the other on graphite foam insulating properties it makes me wonder if it would be possible to intercalate the foam. This is going back to thermal electric generators needing conductivity with high thermal insulating properties....I will soon have my own facilitiy to try some of this out. Thanks for the info to date...keep it up
interesting thought - let me know what happens
In another video you use potassium permanganate and sulfuric acid to oxidize the graphene to graphene oxide. How do you know you are not getting oxidation products here as well?
Wow you also covered thermoelectric device
Great video, is it possible to sandwhich silicon between graphene layers? In my theory, it’ll decrease the expansion of silicon in a battery while the graphene maintains the integrity
would it be interesting to revisit older technologies such as the vacuum tube with this new technology?
sure
Hi Robert. I've been following your channel for quite long now. I really want to make this intercalated Graphite. It comes to my mind so many uses I can give to it. But I have a big issue. I am from Argentina and here the potassium permanganate and sulphuric acid are strictly regulated and i cant get my hand arround some. I was thinking if i can substitute the potassium permanganate for another oxidizing agent and the sulphuric acid for any other acid. What do you think? Will it work as well?. Thank you very much for your time and knowledge. You can't imagine how much i have learned for this videos.
+Ezequiel Teruel neatpete did a nice method without potassium permanganate mate - check out his channel
After following this procedure, when I added the permanganate slowly, the temperature had risen fairly quickly to over 50c- everything seems correct (foamed, now gel like) except how hot it wants to get (I threw it in an ice bath to get temp down quickly, as in other videos u mention staying below 55)
It's now at ~23c and seems to have killed the reaction
Are you using an ice bath? How are u keeping it around 40c?
Ur awesome, cheers,
Any literature references for this procedure?
Is it 40 degrees C? Also, how do you clean your glassware?
Got this to work beautifully. I do have a question though. The brown supernatant, obviously this is a mix of acid, iron chloride, and permanganate, as well as any side reactions that have possibly taken place. But there seems to be a significant amount of dark brown "graphene-looking" material that is very soluble and takes a bit to settle out. I know you've done another video about GO synthesis using sulfuric acid and permanganate, with a couple variations from this method. So I'm wondering, is there a chance that this mixture contains GO? I decided to chuck some 30% H2O2 on it and it turned from brown to a grayish black fairly quickly.
there will be some mate - but very little
another great vid robert. gotta say i love em. I'm working on a bit of graphene stuff myself and i'd love you to take a look when i post some vids.
+localbroadcast no worries mate = post the link - i'd love to see
what happens when u add glycerine to it??? (and acid doesnt evaporate at room temporary!!!)
Dear Robert, there is some confusion about the amounts of KMNO4 and FeCL3... in the video details - it shows - 3.4 g Fe anf 7.2 g of KMNO4.. whereas in the comments section it is reverse.. I have tried the one reversed.. it does not give brown color in the end.... can you please clarify..
follow the video mate - i will correct the comments section
Has Amy person painted a hull of a boat Graphine and running it the sea..?
if you do a reaction inside the carbon that produces a gas does it exfoliate?
Brilliant 👍
Hi Robert, Great video, it would I have some superfine powdered dry black ink. Can I use that as my starting material to create the Interclated compound
sure - no probs - if it is graphite based it has to have a graphitic structure in order to intercalate
thanks mate,
Robert at ~1:30 you say "there is a p-type graphite that we've made" Are you referring to the FeCl3? Is iron chloride the p-type graphite?
Would aluminum be better than iron for a p-type?
To answer my own question...I just spoke to an EE friend he said "Column 13 for p and 15 for n" Now the big question is how the hell you intercalate those with graphite? Oh man this is fun. I wish I paid more attention in Chemistry class.
Pues dos veces hecho y dos fracasos alguna idea Robert?
Well done twice and two failed any idea Robert?
just a combination of tiny mistakes
Hi Robert
I did this with great results. I ran it through Hydrogen Peroxide 4 times with my sonicator, and now I'm left with fairly pure 1 and 2 layer Graphine. I want to make a fairly thick ink to airbrush onto copper, zinc, aluminium and other foils and a titanium sheet that I've concocted, for my ultracapacitors. I'm thinking 5 grams of the graphine, 100 ml of deionised water and 10% pva, and magnetically stir. Do you agree?
Cheers
Ed
sounds like a good plan to me mate - are you going to do a vid?
Well, I had cancer of the tongue, so I have a speech impediment, so probably not. I was really enthused by your taster on the 1MF SuperCap, so I immediately did the Acetone/Water method. It works, but under the microscope, I only see blocks, so I tried intercalated with Iron chloride. It works much better, especially with 50% hydrogen peroxide with a few grains of baking soda to prolong the reaction. I made a ultrasonic sonicator with a single 100 watt transducer and driver, controlled by arduino (5 mins on, 5 mins off for 1 hour). 4 rounds makes pristine graphene. My end aim (after experimentation) is to make a 100,000F SCap, and then 1MF, and then 100MF.... I will experiment with what combinations of metals make the least leakage SCap, and what thickness of Graphene retains the most power. I'm on a disability benefit in Au, so this is fast becoming my obsession....
Cheers
Ed
do you mind if i do a video of this mate - i think this is really worth sharing - i will give you credit for the method
No worries, but i really haven't added much..
i disagree lol - but i will do it as soon as i can - cheers
Is there a way for predicting if a certain ion would intercalate into a material? I was thinking that since a lot of metal ions intercalate into graphite, maybe it was because carbon is a mild reducing agent and this causes a interaction between the carbon and intercalant. So if I want to find a material to intercalate anions into, should I be looking for a oxidizing agent?
+Red Rake intercalation is more of a physical thing mate. You want galleries for a start - or a structure that can take intercalation or insertion, like perovskites or chalcogenides - particularly the dichacogenides
Exito en el intercalado del grafito con cloruro ferrico?
Robert no se si el grafito exfoliado intercalado debe ser atraido por el iman, tu que opinas¿?
Robert if not exfoliated graphite intercalated be attracted by the magnet, what do you think?
No. El cloruro férrico no es magnética. reducirlo a hierro u óxido de hierro primero
Could you use natural charcoal and a vice to press it into graphite for uses like in this video?
I am interested in upcycling my wood ash for naturally sourced ingredients for some of these graphite/graphene projects.
I think so. making the carbon foil is amazing! but i havent done it yet myself.
I did this. I tried making a sheet out of it, but it was flaky (maybe because my graphite is 10 micron). I added it to peroxide and it did cause the peroxide to fizz, but not as vigorously as yours. The shininess and conductivity are both huge though. Can I use the GIC directly in an ink, or am I better off turning it into graphene first?
try both
Robert Murray-Smith the GIC ink gave the conductivity I quoted on your other video. I'm trying the bromide intercalation route for graphene. Will homogenisation or wet grinding the bromide intercalated graphite also produce graphene? I am particularly interested in wet grinding because the setup is quite cheap, and widely used here in India
i don't know mate - but as it is well used it is well worth a try
Hi mate, i've been having a go at this and it's a lot of fun but i wonder if you could help. When i put the intercalated graphite into the h2o2 it fizzes and fumes just like yours does, at this point i thought i had cracked it but after sitting for a short while it separates. Any suggestions as to what i'm doing wrong? The only thing i can think of is that i used ferric chloride hexahydrate instead of the dry powder that you had. I added more of it to make up for the weight of the water. cheers
it's next to impossible for me to tell what is going on at a distance mate - sorry
Does anyone know if this process would work with ground up activated carbon or does it have to be graphite flakes/powder?
activated carbon would suck it in still. (thats why they make aquarium carbon isnt it?)
Im busy making up some ferric chloride out in the shed right now.
But I think that I am going to look around to find a safe way to make beryllium chloride.
I have a big stack of beryllium in the shed just sitting there doing nothing good
lol - that's quite a thing to keep in the shed mate lol
lol yeah right?
They were polished beryllium mirrors for a scanning device that I helped design in the 90s.
I was just reading that it is non ionic. so .... not a good experiment !!
I have a big 20 pound bag of titanium too. tiny little bits from a machine
Clown Whisper
cool
Hi Robert
It would be really helpful if you could tell me is it possible to make graphene from HOPG Graphite through exfoliation method ?
Thanks for your precious time :)
certainly - I am not sure why you would want to though - it seems an expensive way to go
sry may its a stupid question, but is it not 3.4g of poatassium permanganate and 7.2g of iron III chloride? and one more^^ : i got hydrated iron III chloride (hexahydrat), is it the same then yours, or do i have to add more (in gramm)? thx...
hiya - you are right about the amounts - and it is ok to use hexahydrate. You have to remember this is an experiment not a recipe - you can vary the amounts and see what happens
thx mate, tryed both^^ will see what happens...
Moejo Jojo great work
Moejo Jojo did you try it.. Which one worked for you?
Robert is well translated?
Time right?
Missing something?
bob if it is possible may you tell me the correct fecl3 you used to make the intercalated graphite, i may try fecl3 hydrate but as your experiment was positive i would like to know what is the fecl3 you used well.
essencee234 the hydrated salt
Robert Murray-Smith
great thanks for your contribution.
essencee234 no worries
Hello mister Robert,
I tried this procedure 3 times already, for my school project about grafeen. But still no good results. I have some problems with it..
1. There is less reaction with sulfuric accid + iron(III)chloride in my 3 experiments..
2. And when I add the potassium permanganate, there is almost no reaction.. It won't turn into the thick substance you have in this video..
In the first 2 synthesis I used: iron(III)chloride -(hexahydrat) and activated carbon.
In the last synthesis I used normal iron(III)chloride and graphite powder.
Do you have any idea what the problem could be?
Yours sincerely,
Hessel
there is absolutely no point in using activated carbon - a graphite intercalated compound has to use graphite otherwise it isn't a graphite intercalated compound. You have to follow it exactly or it has no chance of working
Having not a single gram of graphite at my school, my teacher told me to try it with activated carbon.. With no results ofcourse.. After these 2 failed attempts I scored some graphite from a company in Amsterdam.
Today I did experiment exactly as you described in your video.. Except the mad stirring part.. I did this more gently. The result was a black thick substance.
It doesn't have the brown colour as in your experiment nor the thickness.
It is now setteling down in 2L demineralised water. But I think this is going to take a while.
Should I make the potassium permanganate crystals smaller, using a mortar? Or should I use a bigger concentration of sulfuric acid ?
I want to use this to make the grafeen sheets as you explain in your video.
So next step is the microwave exfoliation then the large scale graphene oxide production method, Washing procedure and then the video of making the sheets.. Is this the correct sequence?
you have to use concentrated sulfuric acid - and your teacher is an idiot
Can we use Potassium nitrate as oxidizer in the place of Potassium permanganate? I can't find permanganate in the where i live..
The use of KMnO4 is generally what defines the Hummer's method. NaNO3 is used and other methods exist like The Staudenmeier-Hoffman-Hamdi methods - have a search on google scholar for details
whats the use of potassium permanganate
To make an N type intercalated compound which reagents would you replace the ferric chloride with? I have an idea for a novel use of the peltier device and would lke to custom make the device rather than purchace one. Please,
potassium
calcium - have a quick google search for others
Robert Murray-Smith
thanks...I had assumed that potassium chloride could have been the a possible solution...cheers
I tried this and the sulphuric acid / ferric chloride reaction was rather weak (almost non existent). Would this be a result of using hexahydrate ferric chloride instead of hydrated?
I think so
ty
should i use hydrated fecl3?
essencee234 you can try it
Why 75% sulfuric acid for the intercalation?
+Nolan Engstrom graphite is tough stuff - you need some pretty harsh reaction conditions to get it to do anything
Did you use a hot plate to heat it for the 1 hour at 40 degrees?
a waterbath
What is the N-Type made of? Don't understand the words :-(
Silic#&/$%'Ä... which gives us an N-Type for instance...
n type refers to the doping so - for example - adding phosphorus would give you an n doped graphite
Robert Murray-Smith
Thank you :-)
Hello,
I have a question - can I use Percloruro Hierro 40% for this experiment?
i would certainly try it if i had some
Robert Murray-Smith I mean, it's FeCl3 but in the liquid form. And I'm not sure about the ratio - should I consider the amount of water in the iron chloride solution when adding water to sulphuric acid?
Irina Shaklova
why don't you just dry it? - or heat it to supersaturation and let it crystallize out?
Robert Murray-Smith :) thank you very much! i'll try) i'm just scared to mess everything up since i'm an architect, not a chemist
Irina Shaklova
go for it - recrystallization is a standard purification techniques - just boil a bit off and leave it to cool - the crystals will drop out of solution then pour off the liquid and leave the crystals to dry out - they will very very pure
You just described a skin or space heat inside cold outside skin is generator add vibration collection…
Many vehicles…
great bids Robert. Have you tried to make graphene from coal using a similar process. I want to try it but not sure how much nitric acid and sulfuric acid to use. sonicated for 24 hours.
+andrew cravalho I wouldn't use coal myself mate - there has been some work on this but the graphene is at the quantum dot level - interesting stuff but for straight forward graphene i would use graphite
+Robert Murray-Smith can you explain why? My current understanding is that it has approximately a 20% yield. with coal being so cheap it makes sense. could quantum dots be converted to oxide? Thanks in advance for your response:)
+andrew cravalho Just a higher yield mate and easier to do - but go for it - i intend to try myself quite soon. Most people just want as much graphene as possible and i made that assumption about you - I am sorry for that - myself - I just like to try things - and it now seems so do you lol
Can you intercalate with acetone
Damn you look a lot younger here
Hey Robert! Great video!
Minor point, but something that confused me when I saw it. You may want to doublecheck the circuit you draw at about 2:00 for the peltier junction. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermoelectric_effect I think you have your electrodes wrong.
As always, thanks for your time and thoughts!
you are right i did get it the wrong way round thanks for that - it is a bit confused between an actual device and the way the peltier is measured for the seebeck effect across a single semiconductor
fecl3 in liquid solution?
essencee234 i wouldn't
@215 solar heat with fresnel while floating in water yessss
cool
NighthawkInlight brought me here
Mr. Smith, you need to eat some fruit, you're getting those Chemist Lungs :)
tienes algo en español o sutitulado ....grasias
@Robert Murray
is your bad cough from the chemicals? :D
yep - have a look at my health and safety rant lol
Hummmm. May be a way to have money from Victor....isnt it?
Mo Kha i doubt it mate
Ohhh no my theory is falled dawn lol.
Mo Kha lol - petrik will never pay - whatever evidence is put to him mate
I read a lot of comments about him telling is a charlatan. As you said whatever is a grear discover. I think the secret is not in the liquid but in the graphite itself.
Mo Kha may well be mate
video quality is so poor cant see clearly
Succeeded! See my channel to look how I did it...
How to make graphite with interclated compounds.