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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 5 ก.ย. 2016
- View full lesson: ed.ted.com/lessons/one-of-the-...
As simple as it seems, it’s often impossible to accurately translate the word you without knowing a lot more about the situation where it’s being said. Krystian Aparta describes the specific reasons why it can be difficult, citing examples from many different languages.
Lesson by Krystian Aparta, animation by Avi Ofer.
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*Applauds the poor people that had to translate this video*
idk about the other ones but in spanish they just put "you" in quotations
*Applauds the rich people who had to translate this video*
@@jacobschmidt same for Swedish!
I looked, and a lot of them just use the english of what he said, some, like greek, do translate it though.
@@jacobschmidt I translated this video into Polish, and I'm the educator who came up with this (hopefully entertaining) video. :D And in my translation, I used "you" in quotes as well - this video is meant to inspire people to think about the differences that their native languages reveal in how they categorize the world without a second thought (like, some people think in terms of "we," and some people see groups in terms of clusivity). "You," the English word, is just a great starting-off point for this exploration - a lot of people around the world learn English, but "you" is usually translated as, and understood in terms of, the more distinctively robust second-person pronouns in a given language. I wanted to get people thinking about conceptual differences across languages, and "you" is just the lens I wanted to tell that story through :)
But then the English decided to be polite all the time.
Classic.
Ask the Irish how polite they were!
Only to themselves .
Up-a-Creek Say what you want but what’s up with you using ‘...’ every half a sentence?
@Up-a-Creek boi take a joke......
Up-a-Creek irish isn’t a race luv👁👄👁
When English decided to use only the polite word, the politeness of the word gradually disappeared.
How ironic.
IICR, something similar happened with Spanish "vos" (cognate with french "vous" and portuguese "voce"). Vos used to be the formal pronoun but apparently it got used so much that it lost its polite and formal connotation. So nowadays, in countries that still use "vos", it's now the informal pronoun. It's generally considered rude to use "vos" when speaking with a person of "superior" social standing (like an older person or your boss etc).
Inevitable, really. When you only have one register to express a given word by, the register itself ceases to functionally exist.
I think it's one of the reasons English became so widely used as a universal language, besides the obvious geopolitical factors. People have told me they prefer speaking English over their own language in some business situations because it is more direct.
is "you" impolite? something cant be not polite, if theres nothing to compare it to. also, not irony.
differences are those create the distinction
In Finnish we have a word for "I wonder if I should run around aimlessly"
Juoksentelisinkohan
Laapapapa you guys have your priorities set! 😂
I mean you did just write what it means so idk how hard for a translation it would be...
In 'Murica it's called Congress . . .
@@thomasraahauge5231 UNDERRATED COMMENT HAHAHAHAHA
Yes, but what does it mean? I mean, that particular phrase in it's literal meaning would be so rare, that it would almost never be used. So it has to actually have an implied or poetic meaning such as, "I don't know what to do."
What does it mean?
So back in the day people used to say "Fuck Thou"??
Thou mother, probably lol
Your mother was a hamster and your father smelled of elderberries.
+Hans Wurst Thou'
lmho
*TH-cam Sees formal curse words and is confused*
In arabic “you” depends on the gendre, the politeness and wether you’re talking to 1, 2 or more people.
vietnamese as well.
but it's very easy to anyone to understand and gives us a lot of flexibility to convey the exact meaning in English when I say "Gadolf is cool" no one can determine if "Gadolf" is male or female unless someone tells you and this one of the best features I hope that English has
@@mohammadazad8350 me too lol
There's formal you in arabic? Could you elaborate that please?
Same thing in Spanish
In Soviet Russia, there is no “you”. Only “we” comrade.
True my comrade 💪💪
IИ SOVIЭТ ЯЦSSIA, ТНЕЯЕ *IS* ИО «уоц», JЦST «цs», ОЦЯ ГЯIЕИD СОМЯАDE!
Our comrade.
America, what a country. In America, there are three different grammatical persons. In Soviet Russia, there are only two!
@@user-vm5wy9es2p I had a stroke trying to read this because I know Latinic and cirilic
Imagine having 7 forms of "you"
and 16 forms of "the"
*angry german noise*
How does German have 16 forms of 'the'?
@@Felix-kc5tx 4 cases, 3 genders and the plural
@@hhh0511 There are exactly 3 forms of the article 'the': 'der', 'die' and 'das'.
The cases have nothing to do with the specific articles.
Felix The different forms are not exactly novel articles, but the original comment is just counting the forms they can take an those are in fact:
SG
der die das nominative
den die das accusative
dem der dem dative
des des des genetive
PL
die nominative
die accusative
den dative
der genetive
16 slots, 6 distinct forms. Though not distinct forms, there are indeed 16 cases where you would have to decide which „the“ to take.
This makes me wonder why people have told me English is the hardest language to learn cuz I'm like, no?
R.I.P. Translators.
Kameron Sq. Lol
Most of the "you"s were untranslated in the subtitles, eg at 0:25, and instead the English was quoted directly. I notice the "you" at 0:37 is (where possible) interpreted as "one", as in "In German, one finds it easy to translate 'you'." There will always be workarounds in every language.
Lol fml
Many translators are suffering , today is the time to cherish their moments .
th-cam.com/video/dQw4w9WgXcQ/w-d-xo.html
Para traducir algo debes por lo menos tener una idea sobre el idioma objetivo. De ahí viene el que las personas digan que cierto traductor es inútil. Los traductores online no pueden entender el contexto de una conversación de sólo una frase.
I'm surprised they didn't mention Japanese. There are probably only 50+ ways to say "you" the most common being kimi, anata, omae, and anta.
omae wa mo shindieru
I would also add the fact that you don't usually say "you" all that much because that is already a little context dependent and would most likely say the name of who you are talking to as to no disrespect
not me NANI
kimi wa mo shindeiru
Anata wa mo shindeiru
Omae wa mo shindeiru
Anta wa mo shindeiru
Anata wa subarashi
"What is your name? "
"Yu"
"No, not me. You!"
"Yes, I'm Yu"
Cheaty Frever "Okay, and what's your name?"
"Mi"
"Yes, you."
"MI"
"YES, YOU."
"mY nAmE iS mI."
"oH."
we had a kid named Yu in our middle school chess club, and let me tell you, our first competition was wild...
I have a classmate that has a middle initial that is F. And last name Yu.
So, (First name) F. Yu
We always laugh at that.
I love rush hour
yu is blind
That’s partly why, as a French person, I much prefer to translate INTO English rather than FROM English.
Ironiquement, je préfère aussi de loin traduire vers l'anglais, plutôt que de l'anglais vers le français par exemple ; bien que ma première langue soit égamement le français. Pourquoi cela, donc ? Allez savoir, lol !
Im a native speaker of spanish and i feeel
My native language Malyalam has distinct 1st, 2nd and 3rd person singular and plural personal pronouns depending on one on the grammatical cases (7 cases), 3 gender (Masculine, Feminine and Neuter) and number (Plural / Singular).
@@mohamadouyoussouf7262 Je ne suis pas traducteur, mais il me semble que la compréhension d'un texte anglais dépend davantage du contexte qu'un texte français. Comme dans le cas du "tu" et du "vous", il faut d'abord savoir selon le contexte si les interlocuteurs sont familiers ou non, parce que le "you" anglais ne nous en informe pas. Tandis qu'en français, on le sait tout de suite en lisant "tu" au lieu de "vous". Le français étant plus précis que l'anglais, il est plus facile de traduire un texte français en anglais que le contraire.
Yeah, must simpler.
this video its all about “You”.
yeah you
Random People ii
This video is about you?
Why can’t it be about me
*You* need to be more clear.
Masculine or feminine?
Singular or plural?
Formal or informal?
No, not you, you, yeah you, and you too. Oh and you and you. And especially you.
no no , not you but you
I was expecting "the".
same here. "The" is such a mess
The doesn't exist in some language
Czech doesn't have "the" or "an" at all for example, hard to translate tho, usually replaced by "that" or "this"
The is awfully simple. In french you can expect gender and number. In spanish, you'd say el for masculine singular, la for feminine singular, los for masculine plural, and las for feminine plural. In fench, its le for masculine singular, la for feminine singular, but les does the job for both masculine and feminine plural. TF does that even makes sense?
In Polish we don't use "the", so yup. It would be quite easy to translate- just throw it to the bin.
When Zamenhof created his international language Esperanto, he used "ci" for informal you, and "vi" for formal. When asked what to do if there was doubt about which form to use, he advised students to use the formal "vi". The result was that basically everyone began to use "vi", and "ci" fell into disuse. Here endeth the lesson.
I've been told off many times for saying "vous" instead of "tu". Mainly by older adults (people my parent's age or older) who don't like it because it makes them feel old and suggests we aren't close.
So strange to create a language that's simple on purpose and then introduce another way of saying you
@@javidproductions9353 In the Netherlands our formal you is now falling out of favor for exactly the reason you're describing, old people don't want to feel old. I still use it a lot though, especially with strangers that are clearly older than me, but not for family members or teachers.
@@ReddoFreddo What a very good way of putting it. But I think Dr. Zamenhof was simply mirroring what he called the "national" languages, most of which have formal and informal words for "you". I think the Dutch and the Flemings hold the world record for multiple you. They have to put up with jij, je, jou, u, oe, jullie, gij, ge and gijlieden. Apparently the last one is only to be found in the Bible.
Do have a nice Christmas!
As far as I know, Zamenhof initially used "vi" as exactly the same as English "you". This non-distinction between singular and plural was heavily criticised right away, so he reluctantly introduced "ci" for the singular. Unfortunately then some French and German abused it as if "vi" were formal "vous/Sie" and "ci" were "tu/du"
The narrator apologising to the translators was the funniest and kindest thing in this video
Indeed, as a translator I appreciated the understanding.
Rush Hour 3 quotes:
Yu: May I help you?
Carter: We'll be askin' the questions, old man. Who are you?
Yu: Yu.
Carter: No, not me, you.
Yu: Yes, I am Yu.
Carter: Just answer the damn questions, who are you?
Yu: I have told you.
Carter: Are you deaf?
Yu: No, Yu is blind.
Carter: I'm not blind, you blind.
Yu: That is what I just said.
Carter: You just said what?
Yu: I did not say what, I said Yu!
Carter: That's what I'm askin' you!
Yu: And Yu is answering!
Carter: Shut up! (turns to personnel) You!
Yu: Yes?
Carter: No, not you, him! (to personnel) What's yo' name?
Mi: Mi.
Carter: Yes, YOU!
Mi: I am Mi!
Yu: He is Mi, and I am Yu.
Carter: And I'm about to whoop your old ass, man, 'cause I'm sick of playin' games! (points to everyone in the room) You, me, everybody's ass around here! (points to tall student) Him--I'm-a kick his ass, I'm sick of this!
YES, THIS SCENE
XD
To me, that scene saves the movie. XD
Ive never laughed so hard in the cinema. I fell off my seat.
Kosovo is Serbia
In Internet English, you say whatever the hell you want; and if someone corrects you, reply "you knew what I meant!" and call them a Grammar Nazi.
Ya ey dont ned aneun too tel mee how two spel
+Maxeotl we really don't..
XD
So you are implying that the Nazis are always right?
grammar national socialist .... be politically correct please (lol)
Occasionally when I use “you” when talking to my friends they get confused too... like
“I think smoking is bad”
Yea like if you smoke everyday you are probably going to get bronchitis.
“But I don’t smoke??”
Wait I don’t mean you as in you I mean you as in general you hkjdgahjbddjhhashg
Maybe replacing "you" with "someone" works
Kenth Saya-ang I like the archaic sound of using just “one”. The some at the beginning is unnecessary
I’ve never related to anything more
Recent reply from Toph and Melon wow
@@melwugon3687 that sounds like somthing some 14 year old who thinks he's smart would say
In Korean, it is considered rude to use the pronoun “you“. Koreans prefer using titles and names. The only common exceptions are in song lyrics, where the person you are talking to could be anyone, and when people are “politely“ fighting with someone, such as after having a car accident.
Michael Wolf
Very true, in Xhosa you never say you to adults, it’s treated like an swear word when a child say it to an elderly person
In fact, Korean doesn't have a second person pronoun that can be used universally regardless of context. People often refer to the recipient by their name, which makes learning others' names very important in Korean culture
It's similar in Polish. "You" is only for your friends or close family of the same age. We refer to people by "Mr" or "Ms" in place of "you".
To get in more detail, 너(nu, meaning 'you') is used often informally or when someone of a higher rank adresses someone from lower rank. Using 너 to a person who should be respected is considered rude. However, 당신(dangsin, also means 'you'), which is the formal form of 너 can be used in formal situations without sounding rude, especially in situations where you don't know the name or title of the person you're adressing. 당신 is what koreans would use in a car accident. Also, there are other words that mean 'you' that aren't as formal as 당신 but not as rude as 너, such as 덱(dac, used informally), 그쪽(gujjok-noramlly means 'there', but when directed as a person it's used as 'you'), 님(nim-which is more of an internet slang), and so on. It is true that koreans prefer titles and names thou.
thats sooooo cooool
in arabic "YOU" came in 5 shapes
"inta" for a male.
"inty" for a female.
"antoma" for 2 persons
"antom" for a group(3 or more) of people
"antona" for a group of females
i was forced to learn arabic from 7 to 12 and i can definitely understand the struggle xD
Youmna Maamar Who decided that it would be a good idea to do that😔
Youmna Maamar speaking Arabic has its perks
@Youmna Maamar omfg I literally learnt the difference of Taa marbouta and Taa maftooha at like the age of ten and I have been going to an arabic school since I started school until about 2 yrs ago
@Youmna Maamar it's easy. Taa maftouha is written when the t at the end cannot be pronounced like a h. Eg: بنت bint: u cannot say binh cuz it doesn't make sense. On the other side, tawilaton طاولة can be pronounced as tawilah and it is correct. Some dialects such as Tunisian don't pronounce the t at the end. Hope it will help u. My teacher back in my primary school told us about that trick. But u need to be kinda experienced to know if the word does or doesn't make sense
In my language (Arabic) there is many types of you
You for one male
You for one female
You for two people
You for multiple male
You for multiple female
+Nerd Nation this is it in the same order as my original comment
Anta
Anti
Antoma
Antom
Antonn
+Nerd Nation
"anta" for one male
"anti" for one female
"antomaa" for two people
"antom" for addressing many people (doesn't matter male or female but usually for male)
"antonna" or "antonn" for addressing many females
simple.....
it starts with the simple word "ant" then the rest is additives depending on who you are addressing
good luck with studying Arabic
I know it's hard....
whats harder is that "accents" between regions call the same thing with different words...
so if you plan to be international and work with people from different places of the arab world that would be a small problem...but if you stick with one area then it's okay
Wish they'd mentioned 'antuma' in the vid.
+Lama S don't think this is the place for using insults
***** People are not that stupid you know !!!
Plus.... for a one learning arabic I don't think he wont figure it out :p :p
Vietnamese is crazy when it comes to “you”. It mostly depends on age and gender which is way it’s so common for people to ask your age or what year you were born in, so they can use the proper word to address you.
Not to mention asking if your mother is older than their aunt if you are within 17 steps of family relation to figure out which age to actually use since the age of the two people talking doesn't matter in this case.
Moreover, English "you" can also be French "on" and German "man" meaning somekind of general person but no one specifically as in "You should never touch a hot oven."
That's the same as the English pronoun 'one'.
'One should never touch a hot oven'
True.
@@EricJeanMawrie the "man" isn't really a concrete word. It's just an indication of what you're talking about, it doesn't refer to a "person".
It isn't "one", because that implies a person is present.
There is no mention of any person in this sentence. It's a very neutral way of saying this. It really means more something akin to
"The hot oven should never be touched" than "you should never touch a hot oven".
"Man sollte" = "It should be done like this (in this situation)".
It implies humanhood. It instructs someone at how something should be done.
French "on" is not used like "you", but like an informal "we" conjugated the same way as "il, elle". At least, that was how I learned.
@@qwertyuiop9956 yes, but it can also refer to "we" in general, as in everyone. Eg: On ne vit qu'une seule fois (We don't live but once, or more naturally, You only live once)
It could also refer to somebody unknown. Eg On frappe à la porte
(Someone's knocking the door)
Or: On m'appelle au téléphone (Someone's calling me on the phone)
Vietnamese may have most various ways of saying you :
1/ bạn (generic term) , use it ONLY when you have no info about age, gender, etc
2/ ông ( you old male , as old as your grandpa) . Use it for your grandpa too
3/ bà ( you old male , as old as your grandma). Use it for your grandmother too
4/ bác (you old one, older than your father/mother)
5/chú ( you old one, but younger than your father/mother)
6/ anh ( you older male than me)
7/ chị (you older female than me)
8/ em ( you younger than me )
9/ cháu ( you much younger than me , like same age as my children/ grandchildren )
10/ con ( you son, you daughter )
11/ bố (you daddy)
12/ mẹ (you mommy)
13 - 24/ adding prefix "các" for plurial form
14/ few more that I may miss
=))
My head is spinning..
That's crazy. But so fascinating. Cheers for that :)
louis simms thanks, it is not complicated when you get used to it , LOL. But overall it is kinda impractical. Many people may not like it, or even get offended when you talk to him/her in the wrong "you" . In reality, some borrow the word "you"/"me" or "toi"/"moi" (French as we were French colony) to simplify the conversation.
hay à nha :)). Chờ mãi mà không được nhắc đến trong video cũng buồn.
Let's not forget the fact that English has an "impersonal you" for when you want to speak about the way something is done in general:
"How do you get to the library?"
"How do you say that in Spanish?"
"Where can you see lions? Only in Kenya."
In all these sentences, you're not actually talking to the listener personally. It's actually closer to the passive voice in meaning.
also, no idea if this is used anywhere else, but 'you' can be used as an exclamation/accusation when speaking to a familiar person.
In Spanish if you want to use an impersonal you, you say it just by not using "you" in the sentence, just the verb in the second singular form, which it is perfectly correct:
Como vas a la biblioteca?
But English speakers are usually awere of that "you", since they can differenciate that you from the other you:s by replacing you with "one"
En espanol hay lo que llamamos en ingles "the impersonal se" que tiene la misma funcion:
"Como se dice?"
"Donde se guardan los platos?"
"Donde se ven los leones?"
etc.
En mis clases de espanol, aprendi que esto fuera mas comun. Es verdad, o no?
Yes,this is also true. You can say: como vas a la biblioteca? Or como se va a la biblioteca? Both are correct
Then we have Vietnamese where the word "you" depends on EACH particular case. You can't use any other words to call that person, unless 2 of you somehow change the relationship. For example:
Mẹ/má- mom
Bà nội - paternal grandma
Ông ngoại - maternal grandpa
Em - someone younger than you, or your girlfriend/wife
Cháu/con - someone much younger than you
Mày - less friendly alternative to "em, con, cháu"
Mày - also your close friend
Mày - also someone who's getting on your nerves
Tụi mày - a group (more than 2) of "mày"
Anh - slightly older male, or your boyfriend/husband
Cô - female almost as old as your mom, or your dad's younger sister.
Bác trai - male slightly older than your mom, or your parents' older brother
Ông - male as old as your gramps
Ông - friendly male about your age
.....
The list goes on, not to mention different dialects.
you guys should unify it and just call it Ômģ
"When the English decided to be polite all of the time."
Sounds about right.
No, englishmen are toxic all the time
2:49 You didn't write "you" correctly in Chinese, although ‘尔’ was used in place of '你' in the past.
Also have 您
They do use the right one at the end though
@@amys4008
Oh, is that the sign of "heart" among the other parts?
I think they did that on purpose, to express that they can't really add in the “部首" (idk the English word lol sorry)
No one cares
All of the languages where in the subtitles, they ignored 3:10
1.Chinese (Taiwan)
2.Croatian
3.Czech
4.Dutch
5.French
6.German
7.Indonesian
8.Japanese (They translated everything except the you’s)
9.Latvian
10.Mongolian
11.Polish
12.Portuguese
13.Portuguese (Brazil)
14.Portuguese (Portugal)
15.Serbian
16.Slovenian
17.Spanish
18.Swedish
And there you have it, 18 out of the 33 languages gave up on 3:10.
They shouldn’t have given up on Chinese (Taiwan) though. As a Chinese speaker, I can confirm that everything between Chinese (T) and Chinese (S) are the same except for writing. Taiwan uses traditional which takes more time to write and China uses simplified. Everything is pronounced the same, grammar is the same, and everyone can understand each other. Everyone automatically assumes that China uses traditional for some reason and it makes it ridiculously difficult for my grandparents who come to visit. When we when to Disney, there was a multilingual sign, but they couldn’t understand any of it due to them not being Taiwanese.
They also forgot Lithuanian!!!!!!!!!!
Tú y tú, no, no tú, TÚ, tu trabajo es traducir "tú" por ti mismo.
I guess this would work for Spanish. I mean you could also say " Usted y usted, no, no usted, USTED, su trabajo es traducir 'usted' por si mismo " but that sounds like a mouthful
they also forgot korean :(
I think German would be
Du und du, nein nicht du, du. Dein Job ist es du für dich selbst zu übersetzten.
But like he said we also have the Polite form Sie or Ihnen based on the Contex. So it can also be
Sie und Sie, nein nicht Sie, Sie. Ihr Job ist es du für sich selbst zu übersetzten.
And yes of you write the formal way you have to write it big
Fun Fact: The Englisch Word die looks and sounds the same lake the Pronomen die for example DIE Katze (the cat)
It's not that other languages are complicated, it's just that English is too simple
English definitely needs two things:
-more nuanced formality
-consistent rules
"that that person" and "police police, police police police police, police police" are 2 grammatically correct English sentences.
SirCourgette that is not actually correct. For example, in some languages grammar is very straight forwards. there is no such a thing irregular verbs . Also, in some languages have very less vocabulary, so it is easier to speak them. Another example is that in some languages the words are written like how they are said, so there is no a such a thing as the letter “c” can sound as “k” sound and also “s”. That makes reading significantly easier. Your argument is still correct because easiest language to learn is closest language you speak.
Out of the box here, but the verbs, modals, linking verbs, plurality, they might be a little too fancy
tetsujin-misfit that depends on the person learning it. Also English has thousands of Dialects and Different cultural meanings. I could say, “those no good Chillun’s stay in the house.” And be speaking a completely understandable language to some. Also English could be complicated to a Chinese person, but easy to a German person. Spanish is incredibly difficult to me, but French is easy. Language is relative.
Well in Hindi,
-'tu' refers to someone younger or same aged.
'tum' refers to someone of slightly more respectful age.
'aap' to the elders and the respectable people.
Finally someone who is talking about Hindi 😀
tum is more informal formal. Hindi speaker here
@@aadhyaivaturi495 I know, I speak hindi too. That is why I said 'slightly'
That is interesing that the Hindi 'you' for someone of equal age and rank is the same as the word used by all of the Romance languages as the informal YOu, which also "tu", and is also similar the archaic English :thou'. Hindi being north Indian language is Indoeuropean, and akin to English and to the romance languages.
In Portuguese there are 2 singular forms for you: "tu" and "você". And 2 plural forms: "vós" and "vocês".
"Você" evolved from "vossa mercê" (which literally means your honour/your grace). "Vossa mercê" became "vossemecê" and eventually "você". (By the way in some regions of Southern Portugal "vossemecê" is still heard).
When you have a verb after "tu" and "vós" it is conjugated like an actual 2nd person, but with "você" and "vocês" it is conjugated like a third person (like he/she and they respectively).
In Portugal "tu" is the informal way of "you" and "você" is more formal (which make sense since "você" evolved from "vossa mercê"- your grace).
In Brazil they just always use "você" and in the few regions or times they use "tu" it generally doesn't have any different degree of formality to "você". Besides most of the times they use "tu" they still conjugate the verbs as if they were using "você".
On the other hand in the plural "vocês" is the preferred form in all the Portuguese speaking world and "vós". It is still used in some parts of Northern Portugal and yet, it has no different degree of formality to "vocês". It is also possible to use "vós" as a singular "you" (like "vous" is in French in formal situations) but in modern Portuguese it is only used in extremely formal situations like when addressing a king or a pope, which means it is basically never used as a singular "you" nowadays.
And although "você" is generally used as a more formal you in Portugal it is preferred to use the form: "o/a senhor(a)" (the sir/the lady). Or "o/a(the)+ position or job of the person", like using "o/a professor(a)" (the teacher) as a "you". And this is a formal way to address people in both Brazil and Portugal. In Portugal where "você" has more formality than "you" but still less formal than "o/a senhor(a)" you can describe "você" as the lower class formal "you" and "o/a senhor(a)" the actual formal way and some people feel offended when adderessed by "você".
Disney em pt-pt Mds pra que tudo isso?? Kk
Disney em pt-pt oh
Concretamente correto.
I didn't know that vossemecê was still used in the Algarve, and also why my friend from Porto has said vós in the past. The rest is correcto absolutamente afaik haha
Resumo, Português é difícil pra caramba
Alright, if I look at Japanese, I can see...
Basic ones:
-anata (あなた)
-kimi (君)
-omae (お前)
Rude ones:
-temee (てめえ)
-kisama (貴様)
-onore (己)
Dialect ones:
-anta (あんた)
Old ones:
-sonata (そなた)
-onushi (お主)
-nanji (汝)
That's only singular You, and I surely have missed some. For plural, you can add either ra (等) or tachi(達) after each of those, and some of those pronouns even work with both of them like omaetachi/omaera.
At the same time, they often refer to each other in 3rd person, using either their name or a title like sensei (先生), or drop the pronoun altogether if it's already clear with context.
Sounds complicated, but that's a thing I really love about the Japanese language. The way they address each other tells not only about the personality of the person talking, but also how they view the other person they're talking to. Just in this one word, you can tell if the person talking is a rude or polite person or somewhere inbetween, as well as if he sees the other as a stranger, very close person or if he respects or hate him.
DaikoruArtwin omae wa mou shindeiru
Daniel Holowaty nani?!?
Japanese is awsome
Very good points, including the fact that Japanese do not like to use YOU words as much as possible unless they are needed to express emotions or emphasize.
By the way, 君 お前 てめえ 貴様 お主 are almost used by men only. And あなた (formal form) has 3 ways to write, 貴方 (in general, male or female) 貴男 (male) 貴女 (female).
俺はおちんちんが大好きなんだよ
So as a french dude that speaks english a lot. I swear that the english "You" is 10 000 times better than "tu" and "vous", you risk being rude all the time ! "You" is so much more simple 👌
As an Anglophone who speaks French, I prefer the plural vous and singular tu that English doesn't have. Like, if you're speaking to a representative of a company and say something like, "you didn't reply to my email." The rep on the phone could say, "I don't respond to emails, I only answer the phones, that's a different team." But what we were actually trying to say is "You (the company) didn't respond to my email." See how annoying it is? French doesn't have this confusion.
@@SageKayDee Mmmmh fair point... Maybe the best would be to have a "you" for "you", a you for "y'all" but god please no, not a "you" for different respect hierarchy or ages !
You say "vous to" a lady, she can get offended cuz she thinks you think she is old.
Tho, if you say "tu" to a lady and she is old enough she can see it as disrespect..
Oh well
It's so annoying! I regularly offend my neighbours trying to address them politely.
Dutch/European person here: #relatable! Mostly with people between 20 and 60, should I say u (vous) should I say jij (tu) I always guess and hope I'm right.
It became even more annoying when learning languages like German or French, because when I was focusing on the grammar I forgot to use the right pronoun while speaking to a natie speaker and would later say: "O, by the way, may I say...." and hope they weren't offended. :(
On the other hand, when you're a kid, there is nothing that makes you feel more powerful than being addressed politely by someone older than you.
In Spanish the pronoun can also be dropped altogether: "Vi este video" = "I watched this video", and, as you can see, there's no "Yo" (I) in that sentence. The verb conjugation implies the pronoun.
And.. yeah. "Vosotros/Vosotras" is heavily used in Spain, but left aside elsewhere. You have "vos" in many countries, and "ustedes" performing the same trick "you" did with "thou" in many others.
Mexicans, for example, we use no "vosotros" and no "vos" in our lifes (some people in the Southeastern states do use "vos", though).
This comes (I think) due to the strange and sometimes annoying conjugation of verbs with "vosotros" (countries with "vos" conjugate in second-person, and depending on singular or plural, which is simplier that the "vosotros" conjugation). Or perhaps it was the same simplification "thou" and "you" passed through.
Hey there! Observation from a native english speaker that learned spanish in central america (where they talk in vos). Vos conjucations are derived from vosotros. Example: "Mirá" is the vos command form of "mirar." The "a" is accented because the word is derived from "mirad", just dropping the "d". So, vos drops the "d" in vosotros command form and preserves the location of the accent. In normal conjugation it just drops the "i" in vosotros, i.e. "Vosotros tenéis que mirar" -> "Vos tenés que mirar", "espero que tengáis comida" -> "epsero que tengás comida." Really interesting, learning the language really gives a different perspective.
A lot of my spanish friends didnt even know that spanish conjugates.
@@Dragonofshame It's weird how "vosotros" is conjugated... For instance "What are you doing?" with "vosotros", AFAIK, would be "¿Qué estáis haciendo?", with "-áis" being the conjugation suffix... The "-d" suffix is more of a exclamative or poetic thing, use much like "Lo and behold!" ("¡Ved y contemplad!")... you simply don't use "lo" in everyday speak. But, yeah, many "vos" users use the accentuated contraction like you said. I think it's the quintessential rule to mimic the Argentine accent ("Vos decíme, ¿cuántas copas tenés?", "Tell me, how many Cups you have [won]?")
Angel Robles just want say you are absolutely right: Tenés razón che. Los argentinos hablamos así. Mirá vos a donde nos trajo la cuarentena
same in persian
I speak portuguese and I can relate to the "vos" situation, here we have "vós" but when someone say that it looks like he's talking with someone in the bible hahahah its like very old and formal
The video was fascinating! Seeing the different languages and the shock that 'thou' was for informal contexts was surprising! I could never realise that such a small word like 'you' could serve to be one of the most difficult words! Haha!
The more you know!
It wouldn't be the first time that a more formal version was kept while the informal was dropped. My own Dutch dialect of Brabantian does away with the informal "je" and "jij", and instead uses u, though slightly archaicly using "ge" and "gij" as the nominative and being paired with a grammatical difference in verb declension as compared to standard Dutch.
Quintinohthree Interesting, yes, very...Thanks for sharing!
Yes this video is great,*!!!!
The video is misleading about "thou". The three yous of English "you", "thou" and "thee" have all been the formal and informal forms of you at different times in the language's history.
Still hypothetical speaking what would be the rational need to interpret _you_ from a foreign language from a foreign point of view. Nothing more than an impasse one might ask. Or is that too simple?
People ask me about ways to address the 2nd person in Vietnamese
Me: to infinity and beyond
OMG, this so much. 😂 ...
I mean, it actually also starts with "I" because there is no such thing when you talk in relations to other people..
@@annadang5811 I'm pretty sure there are several words that only ever mean "I" .... Tôi, tui, tao...? But I'm still a learner and could be wrong.
Like its neighbor, Cambodia. Many many forms of you.
@@snowythecrow Oh, I was talking about a different kind... Hmm.. I have never taken Vietnamese classes and frankly, I have only ever heard these kinds of words in a very informal/rude-ish setting or in such classes (like Duolingo)... Because I'd never talk that way to anybody I know.
What I meant is that the "I" is different and is dependent on the "you".
E.g. if I talk to my parents, I use a different "I" (="child"), than if I were talking to my younger siblings (="older, female sibling"), and also different from when I were to talk to an elder/my grandparents..
It's really complicated to explain it in a short comment... 🥲
@@annadang5811 I live in South Central so might be regional but definitely not rude here (unless used with an authority figure like a teacher or police officer...)
In greek we have the word "εσύ" as a "you" for when someone is talking in a casual way to a single person and the word "εσείς" as a "you" for when someone are talking to a single person in a formal context/ someone older than themselvea in any context (not relatives) or when they are talking to a group of individuals in any context.
In Arabic “you” can be:
أنتَ
أنتِ
أنْتما
أنتم
أنتنّ
Good luck to the CC transcribers!
I love how the Spanish translator just wrote ""You and you..."" (3:10) instead of actually translating it xD
Martin Menendez same for the French translater haha
Même pour le traducteur français
Portuguese too.... he actually just said it's practically impossible to transalate it
*Laughs in Turkish* We have "sen" and "siz" for these.Sen is for "you" in an informal way and siz is for "you and you" or a polite way to refer "you" for example to a stranger or elder.
"Whats the most difficult word to translate on this sentence"
Me: "Do?"
Me a spanish native speaker 5 minutes later: No argues there
Solo falta que hablen del vos y de como dependiendo del país el nivel de formalidad de cada palabra cambia askdakj
@@ANONIMOAnOnimo-mt3dy Yo ya te digo que en España casi nunca vas a oír a alguien decir vos, para nosotros es un término muerto que sólo se usa en obras históricas o para referirse a un monarca.
@@ANONIMOAnOnimo-mt3dy Salvo que hablemos del "vos" argentino y todas las complicaciones según las distinciones del formalidad entre España, Hispanoamérica, y el resto de naciones (o regiones dentro de un mismo país) que usan el mismo idioma, que puede ser Español o Castellano según a quien le de la gana porque ni en eso hay consistencia.
Nada más simple y preciso que nuestro idioma xD
@@nidohime6233 en España es muy raro el "vos" pero en Argentina es muy común. Lo contrario se podría decir del vosotros/as que es más común en España y raro en Argentina (y mucha latinoámerica)
do - process of deed. Easy
Ted: you is the most difficult word to translate
Dutch: hold my gezelligheid
Does it also apply to German, but it's "Geselligkeit"?
@@olasdorosdiliusimilius2174 yeah, I reckon so
Also, try and translate 'gunnen' to English
Haha I talked about this with a Dutch friend of mine and gezelligheid and Geselligkeit do not mean the same thing. In Dutch its more about feeling at home and being comfortable and cozy with places, people and situations... and in german its social and describes how you feel about social experiences where you enjoy other people's company and feel a sense of togetherness and connection or just social fun (the meaning is broader in Dutch and difficult to explain because it's a feeling that is very connected to Dutch culture) haha that's at least the conclusion we had in the end
Hi Griselbrand
"Thou" wasn't just the "informal" form. It was the singular form. "You" was the plural form. But just as in French, people used the plural form as a sign of formality/respect. Then over time, we dropped the singular form altogether in favor of the more "polite" plural form. (And somehow we also lost the distinction between the nominative and objective forms.)
Thou = singular nominative
Thee = singular objective
Ye = plural nominative
You = plural objective
I am form Poland and we have maybe 10 or even more ways to say "you" xD
kurwa = you ...confirmed
Well wow...
i love you - kocham ciebie
there is no "i" on the beggining "kocham" is Word love used when you say that you love somethink, and "Ciebie" is "you" used when you talk about one person to that exact person.
Wow polish is hard xD
Well, he exaggerates. We have 2 "you" in Polish (singular and plural). But due to more flexibility we don't have to use either of them unless we want to stress something out or to be very strict.
But we have 17 different forms of the word "two". :o)
+nowymail woah.. :o
This is one of the funniest spanish pronunciation I've ever heard 😂.
"nosotrAs" ❌
"nosOtras" ✅
2:34 Not just other languages - English, too. It is proper to leave “you” out of the command-tense:
“Pick that up.” “Pay attention.” “Don’t touch that.” “Give me a break.” “Go away.” Those are all technically complete sentences.
In commands, “you” is the implied subject, but is left solely to context.
They mention Portuguese in the video because it is possible to omit the pronoun in questions due to verb conjugation in Portuguese.
There are some situations in English where's possible to not use the pronoun, but in Portuguese it is possible to not use pronouns at all.
Brazilians like using pronouns but Portugueses think using them is antiquated.
What they meant in this video is that we Portuguese are able to speak any sentence like "Tens fome?" in our language by omitting the pronoun, but you won't be able to say the equivalent "Are (you) hungry?" in English without referring to the pronoun "you"
Informally, you could just say "Hungry?" (using the rising tone of your voice to indicate that it's a question). And the person you're speaking to could say, "Hungry!", thus conveying the question and answer "Are you hungry?" "Yes, I'm (definitely) hungry" in just two words. :-)
It's not left solely to context or implied, "you" is always the subject in imperatives in English. You can't give a command to any other pronoun.
Some languages, just let the subject be implicit entirely. Think of Japanese "ikimasu", it can really mean "I'm going.", "You're going.", "He's going."; you cannot depend on the grammar to figure out the subject.
And then there is the so called "agreement"... In Turkish, for example, "I'm going" is "Ben gidiyorum.", "You're going (singular)" is "Sen gidiyorsun.", and "He/She/It is going" is "O gidiyor." You can take out the subject from each, resulting in "Gidiyorum." (I'm going), "Gidiyorsun." (You're going, singular), "Gidiyor." (He/She/It's going.). Here the subject is said to be implied... What's so implied about it, I'm not so sure...
In my opinion, adding the pronoun as a separate word in languages with agreement, is really just stating the subject twice.
When learning english I really had to get used to the idea that they had no formal version of you. When writing I'd be so afraid that I was being rude because of it!
What is your mother language?
L4Vo5 Dutch. We just have "jij" (informal) and "u" (formal), but still! I was taught to always use the formal "u" when talking to teachers or elders and when that option suddenly doesn't exist it's really weird.
+Joelle Jansen yeah, happened to me too, my mother languages are catalan and spanish, and both of them have 3 different levels of formalism in the way you say YOU, and it is wierd watching movies and series where they talk to their bosses or to important people and use the same word to refer to them as they do to their best friend
Jan Moros Esteban I speak spanish too, and for some reason i never found it weird.
Tough i learned english trough the internet, so i never had to speak it formally.
+Jan Moros Esteban oops, the last comment wasnt going here, sorry XD
In Hindi we have 3 forms:
Tu- informal-
Tum- Semi-formal I guess
Aap- for elders
In spanish there are three ways to say "you"
"Usted" is formal, and it's the same for men and women
"Tú" is the normal one, to talk to a friend or even a stranger (depending the context)
"Vos" is the same as "Tú" but we only use it in some countries like Argentina or Uruguay, where using "Tú" would sound excentric. Also you can see people in historic text calling "Vos" the king, but only in Spain and nobody use that pronoun in the actuality there
(sorry if i made any mistake, i'm just learning english)
@@silk1440 Tu is a possesive, it means "your"
for example, "this is your jacket" is "esta es tu chaqueta"
Also we use vos in Paraguay too
Well, in european portuguese "you" is
something like this:
Tu - informal singular
Vós - formal plurar(usually to much
formal)
Você - something beetween formal
and unformal singular
Vocês - informal plural(but
sometimes used like formal
because of "vos")
And then we can use profession/
age/status you for formal
you's, for example, if a student is
talking to his teacher, he would
say "o professor" (the teacher). If
someone is talking to his boss, he
would say "o chefe" (the boss) or "
senhor" (the sir).
Vós is actually informal, not formal, você/vocês is intermediate formal, and using titles -professions or simply o senhor/a senhora/o menino/a menina- is most formal. Nonetheless, in the central and southern parts, you do hear the oblique pronoun vos being used instead of the expected lhes/os/as for vocês to emphasize the second person nature
This video should have focused on the fact that many foreign languages contain multiple ways to say 'you', and not on the thesis that 'you' is hard to translate. For starters, to have a random sentence like the one in the video completely out of context is very abnormal for a translator, as they will generally have some context. Second, as most languages contain the formal and informal versions of the word, translating between most languages will be no problem as you will see whether it is in the formal form in the language you are translating from. Lastly, the word 'you' is only one word out of many that changes between speech formality\gender\plurality, etc. For instance, in Spanish, "Como esta usted?" is the formal way to ask how someone is doing, and "Como estas tu?" is the informal way to ask. You will notice in the informal that the verb has changed as well.
As Japanese speaker can relate
Weeb
+Berniksus can't a person just learn a language without being called a weeaboo? 😧😧
+Berniksus or actual Japanese person who can speak english.. ?
+Berniksus
Every native Japanese is a weeb 👍 Well played, Sir
+belialpt ikr
“But then English decided to be polite all the time”
Me: You are very annoying
I aM bEiNg pOlItE
Yes. Politely asking them to bugger off
*thou art very annoying
student to teacher:
S:'Hey, you!'
T:‘Be PoLiTe!'
S:'Ted Ed said you is the polite way of saying thou'
T:'......'
T : (saw The video) you forgot to bow! 🥸
In German we make a difference between formal (Sie) and informal (Du). I noticed that this is expecially difficult in TV series where people don't know each other well at first (they use Sie) but than become friends... but where do you draw the line at which they change to Du? In Germany people actually "offer the Du", for example a colleague or even your boss whom you have known for a long time might offer you to address them with "Du". Of course there is no need for such a conversation to happen in English.
Arabic has gender based "you" and a "you" based on number (for one person, two people, and more than two)
We have 5 types of "you"
+Bike Race Arkona 😂😂😂😂
Bike Race Arkona Vietnamese also, because Portuguese and French contributed a lot to our modern language.
Pokoirl YaSe I'm Arabic
Pokoirl YaSe I know how to say worlds in morrcan in French
me: knock knock
you: who's there
me: i am
you: i am who
me: you are You
you: i am you???
me: no, i am Me.
O_o
you: no i am Me.
me: wait what is going on
you: this is not funny
me: just let Me INNNNNN!
I am who
I am not
I am you
@@kaedeharakazuha4607 Is this a Stray kids reference?
Jimin's Jams Infires Me yep lol
@@kaedeharakazuha4607 Hyunjin : I am groot
in kazakh there is a word for “for the reason that you weren’t satisfied” - “qanagattandyralmagandyktarynyzdan”
ты же понимаешь что видео бред? Тут названо слово которое якобы сложно перевести, но при этом оно было переведено множество раз! Вот если бы выбрали какое нибудь слово типа "pogonotrophy", вот это реально слово которое наверняка фиг переведёшь. Только как нибудь "лицеволосоуходовыращивание". Потому что слово значит "процесс выращивания бороды и/или усов с параллельным уходом за ними". А тут взяли какое то простейшее, примитивнейшее "you" и такие "ой, посмотрите, какое сложное слово, его невозможно перевести, но вот вам дофига примеров как мы это сделали"
In Turkish this would probably be “memnuniyetsizliğinizden”. You guys win this time! I really enjoy hearing other Turkic languages, thanks for sharing this.
@@yusuferenkaymak9877 muhafakiyetsizleştirebileceklerimizdenmişcesine (bu na ne der sin)
Yusuf Eren Kaymak rica ederim. ben türk dilin çok seviyorum. kazak dili hakkında herhangi sorularin varsa, yardım için buradayım
wait that's a real thing? jesus christ
In Hebrew, "you" depends on the gender, whether you're talking to one person, two, or more, and formality (though it is rare).
They said "vidva" was for two people but there were two women on screen so it'd actually be "vidve"
Hi slavik friend Im from pl and i understend that it should be wy dwie instead of wy dwaj. I wrote those in polish but i bet u understand
lol seeing this in written form made sense. "vidva" is actually "Vi dva" i.e. you two.
Probably just mispronounciation from his side :)
Nerf this!
+baserv3 Not only do we slovenians have pronouns for two people, but also different word endings for two things in general. Also verbs are conjugated for singular, dual and plural, which is very rare in other languages.
in dutch the formal version is 'u', so when I first saw english text-messages, I was like: what?! why would you say that to your friends?! xD
You should've mentioned Vietnamese. "You" depends on sooo many parameters
guleruten like what?
guleruten No, there are only about 18 common pronouns (add các to pluralize each of them)
and only depends on 6 parameters: gender, members of family, number, age, formality and in school.
School is oddly specific.
@@pomegranate8226 Oh my.
Good job ted ed the amount of languages you have captions for is great
u all present Ted in extremely innovative ways . thanks a lot guys 😀😀😀😀
1:22 alex from clorkwork orange
yeah:)))
IT LOOKED SO FAMILIAR THANK YOU
Loved that reference!!
I literally scrolled halfway through the comment section hoping someone else noticed.
Funny, when someone says you, I get a bit confused, especially if I’m in a group. They could be talking to me, someone else, or the entire group for all I know
because for some odd reason english does not have a plural for you.
Ruan Engelbrecht in person, tiny problems like this are made up for with eye contact and emphasis
And obviously context
Yes. It's infuriating that English doesn't have such a basic word. Bring back 'thou' and 'ye' for heaven's sake.
Try translating the "do" at the very beginning of the sentence
Do you have the ability?
Velho eu pensei a mesma coisa hahahah
In japanese the word "you" is translated to "anata" but when married couples use the word "anata" it usually translates to "dear", "love" ,or "honey":)
In German we have "du", "ihr", "dich", and "Sie".
And "euch", but does that count ?
dich and euch means yourself and yourselves , but is often translated as "you", its a reflexiv pronom
Sally Johnson i never know when to use dich or sie
oh Sie is worse you need to know when is Sie and sie
Jim Tan That's easy. Speak to someone who you respect (or should respect like teachers, elderly) use Sie (formal you) even if it's not the beginning of the sentence. Use sie (they all) if you are referring to many people without including the person you are speaking to.
The location specific animations were a nice touch :)
I really appreciate how they include language Hausa
Youa can be translate in to
1. Kai ( singular male)
2. Ke ( singular female)
3. Ku ( plural male or female)
I’m from Vietnam and we have around 30 ways to say “you”
So I guess chatting takes a while then.
6 in Arabic
Edit : it's actually 5
1:58 "vidva" consist of two words "vi" means "you" and "dva" means "two"
Yes, I'm Czech, so I know it , since almost every Slavic language is similar
I loooove the illustrations!!
I loved the reference to A Clockwork Orange! The detail put into these videos is astounding
really not a big of a deal for not native english speakers
Yeah, but I think this video was targeted more towards native English speakers. And even though I'm not one myself, the video did still surprise me, since I had forgotten about how easy-minded English is with the word "you".
What? It clearly is a big deal for translating *from* English, how does your native language play any part in here?
Hindi also has 3, Tu, Tum and Aap. Completely informal only used depending upon if the friend allows it, tum is neutral but for people your own age or younger, and the last one is for people older or higher in status than you. Interestingly people can use 'Hum' which means we to refer to themselves if they are important or arrogant or as a joke.
In Spanish we also can leave out the subject (and it’s even recommended for lenguage economy). As such, like in Portuguese or Romanian, we guess the persons gender by conjugation and/or context.
Huh? I didn't know that there are other languages other than English
oh really? try to learn polish, for example this sentence in polish is:
o naprawdę? spróbuj się nauczyć polskiego, dla przykładu to zdanie po polsku wygląda tak:
oh god,undercomas everywhere
edit: for real tho whats the difference between e and ę (sound wise)
"oh really? try to learn polish, for example this sentence in polish is:" in Portuguese:
A sério? Tenta aprender polaco, por exemplo esta frase em polaco é:
+Arkham Knight
The second one is nasal.
"ę" is the nasal version of "e" so the sound is slightly modified due to different quality (like french "e" vs "en" etc.)
I'm from Italy and I can say tath our pronouns change between singular, prural, male and female versions
"tu" is a unixes you in singular form, is also formal. The informal version is "voi" and is universal, doesen't matter how much people are you talking with or even if they are male or female. "voi" is also used as a formal prural.
Sometimes un italian is used also "lei" as a informal "you", this too is unisex but only singular. "Lei" is also used as singular, formal, female, third person.
You in Javanese means
Koe: for younger listener
Sampean: for same age listener
Panjenengan: for older listener
And coeg for someone you want to kill.
Now that's peculiar
ada lagi lho : awakmu, kon
3:19 Me, a German, thinking about the 6 different words for the
In danish we only have two versions of "you"
Du/dig: one person.
I/jer: multiple people.
De/dem: if you're being very formal.
Like in Icelandic, where they have only Þú and Þið.
@@Marie3751
No one ever uses that anymore
@@TheSilverwing999 Some (very few) people still do, but mostly when talking to someone from the royal family.
About Portuguese dropping pronouns when talking, at least in Brazilian Portuguese, isn't that simple (at least for foreign speakers) We use the informal pronoun "Você/ Vocês" for 2nd person singular/plural, conjugating verbs to 3rd person. For example: "Você fez isso"(You did that). That sentence is just as correct as: "Ele fez isso"(He did that). See? The verb were conjugated identically. The only situation where you can hide the pronoun is with "Você", and you need to be talking directly to the person: "Fez isso?" (Have done it, roughly translated) The sentence above makes no sense if you refer to a 3rd person. You need to use the pronoun.
And things become even trickier when formally speaking; Instead of pronouns, we actually use Mister/Misstress to substitute "Você" or a 3rd person: "O senhor está certo" (Mister are/is right, roughly translated) "A senhora veio"(Misstress have/has come, roughly translated). I've didn't translated as a exact phrase because it's ambiguous; The sentence, without context, does not tell if I am talking with somebody in front of me or if I am talking about someone else. (Sorry if you find any english errors)
I was just going to say that. Dropping the "você" makes no sense. It would make sense if you drop the "tu" and conjugate the verb correctly: "Fizeste isso" (you did that/this).
Enrico Dias Brazilian Portuguese is a little different. We do not use "tu" like Portugal, and the people that uses it conjugates like "Você" almost everytime - only the people in the South speaks simillar to the European Portuguese, that conjugates like the way you told.
The vast majority here (including myself, native speaker) uses "Você" or the wrong "Tu". And you were half right about dropping the "Você" pronoun: we use it in some cases, like questions: "Você fez isso?".
To be even more precise, I speak the "Carioca dialect", the way Rio de Janeiro people speak. We normally talk too fast, so we drop pronouns, even if isnt the "correct" manner to do it.
Remember:*I am commenting about Brazilian Portuguese.* European Portuguese is much different, because, instead of the Brazil people use the proper 2nd person, like Portugal, we use "Você" instead
+Mikaeshin I'm Brazilian, from the southwest region, mg. We do use "tu" sometimes. Some people conjugate it, some people don't. But dropping the 'tu' and conjugating it correctly makes sense. I had a teacher from rio when I was in the university and she used to say "tu podes" very often. (but with that awful accent, like 'tu podessxxxx')
I'm brazilian too and live on the northeast, here we use"tu" every time but conjugate like"você". We use "você" in formal conversations more often
Mikaeshin it really depends, Portuguese is spoken in around 10 different places around the world. So it varies for which 'Portuguese' you're speaking
In Slovak we have the difference between two forms of you...
"ty" as a non-formal way and
"Vy" as a formal way to speak to strangers/teachers/bosses(unless you're friends eith your boss), but "vy" is also a plural form of you. But it gets a little more complicated as there are more ways to form the word according to context...
The simplest is just the basic "ty" or "Vy" and then depending on context "ty" can transform into:
"(from whom) teba, (to whom) tebe, (whom I see) teba, (about whom) o tebe, (with whom) s tebou"
And "Vy" is similar:
"(from whom) Vás, (to whom) Vám, (whom I see) Vás, (about whom) o Vás, (with whom) s Vami"
Then we also have different versions of they... "oni" is people in general, "ony" means only women or objects with female pronouns are in the group you are describing.
Weird and quite hard language, but beautiful. We actually have a word for lovely-sounding: " Ľúbozvučný "
Great video, I really enjoyed it. Also it was nice seeing The Hebrew translation of "You" (:
"you" is just "ikaw" in Filipino
Also, I expected "do" to be the word lol
There's also "kayó" for plural and or formal usage!
The Spanish "tu" and "usted" has another funny phenomenon related to it: in Latin America, "usted" is far more common than in Spain. And not only because "ustedes" is used for you-plural, but also because there's a lot more respect for hierarchies in Latin America. Sometimes friends can call each other using "usted", and parents use "usted" when telling their children off or giving a strong order.
On the other hand, many senior citizens and middle-aged people in Spain don't like being addressed as "Usted" because that makes them feel old. They always insist on being addressed as "Tu". "De tu, bonita; de tu".
I hate when objectively old people ask me to use: "tú" instead of "usted". People should learn to accept their reality. The worse part of it is that they make you feel guilty 'cause you then are seen as the offender when you are just trying to be respectful.
This art style is so nice
At 2:50, the Chinese ‘you’ is actually written ‘你’ and not ‘尔’ as shown in the video. However, ’尔’ is sometimes used in historical texts like poetry by 李白, or the phrase ‘出尔反尔’.
was that "TED Ed
Its Chinese
"One of the most difficult words to translate... - Krystian Aparta"
When I first saw that title, I thought "Krystian Aparta" was the word that was difficult to translate :P
2:20 Both "vosotros" and "vosotras" are only used in Spain; in Latin America, where the vast majority of Spanish-speaking people live, the words are not used anymore.
For Spanish learners (or curious) here’s a brief summary of the Spanish “you”:
- “Tu” (informal, 2nd person singular. Also means “your” for the same person. Ex.: “tu perro” = “your dog” // “¿Qué piensas tú?” = “what do you think?”. When we’re using “tu” in this last form, we need to use that little “comma” friend (a “tilde”) to differentiate it from “your”)
-“Vos” (rioplatense way of saying “tú”. Which means it’s used in Uruguay and most of Argentina. Some other latinamerican countries use it as well, like Colombia. The way of saying “your” is the same as the previous one tho. It’s just for “you”)
- “Usted” (formal way of saying “you”. In many countries people use it with everyone. Meaning they directly use this one and don’t use the informal one)
- “Ustedes” (plural for “tú”)
- “Vosotros” / “Vosotras” (plural for “tú” in Spanish from Spain. As we can see it has genere: “vosotros” for male, and “vosotras” for female. When speaking of mixed groups (meaning there is female and male people) we directly use the male form. This applies for almost every word that two generes)
Well... nope! It might only be difficult to translate if your mother language is english. Also, many of the specific things mentioned for some apply to a great variety of languages (e.g. al latin languages share many word structures and links in their sentences).
xnick it depends on the language of origin and the language pf destination. The same problem applies to translating a portuguese or Spanish text to korean or japanese.
xnick exactly, and each language has it’s own set of grammatical rules that compensate for the “you” issue.
I personally don’t have a problem translating things to Spanish and back to English. You just have to make sure the words you use give the same level of emotion (as big or as little) and the same context with the same meaning. I’ve been doing this my whole life and have developed a somewhat extensive vocabulary in both languages which helps out with that.
The most difficult word to translate:
Swedish people:
"Fika"
"Lagom"
"Orka"
"Hinna"
@@silk1440 I gess it's just too hard to translate them :)
In Persian, there is also two forms, "Tu/ khudet" and "Shuma", the last one is slowly replacing the first because it's used for single and plural and is more polite.
무슨단어가 가장 번역하기 어려운지 알아보는 시간이 되었습니다. "너"가 번역하기 가장 어려운 단어라는것이 정말 놀라웠습니다. 누구에게 말하는지에 따라 "너"라는 단어가 바뀌는 언어를 알아보았습니다. 정말 재미있는 시간이 되었습니다. 감사합니다.
*turns on captions* of they just said “ “you” ”