US Army Europe | The USAREUR Story | Part 1 of 2 | Cold War Documentary | ca. 1961
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This documentary spotlights the massive power and technical prowess of USAREUR, the US Army Europe. It is the amazing story of what it takes to equip, train and back up the soldiers who defend the freedom of the Western Alliance. Scenes never before seen on film relate in graphic detail the scope and readiness of men and machines - from the massed might of the American Fourth Armored Division to the colorful spectacle of Italian Bersaglieri and Alpini troops. These forces are part of NATO which stands with US Army Europe as a most effective deterrent to any would be aggressor.
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND / CONTEXT
United States Army Europe (USAREUR) is an Army Service Component Command of the United States Army. It is responsible for directing US Army operations throughout the United States European Command Area of Responsibility. During the Cold War, HQ USAREUR supervised ground formations primarily focused upon the Warsaw Pact militaries to the east as part of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation's (NATO) Central Army Group. Since the Revolutions of 1989, USAREUR has greatly reduced its size, dispatched US forces to Operation Desert Shield and Desert Storm, and increased security cooperation with other NATO land forces.
History of the US Army Europe during the Cold War:
The Berlin Blockade began June 24, 1948 when the Soviet Union blocked the Western Allies' railway and road access to the sectors of Berlin under Allied control. General Lucius D. Clay, in charge of the US Occupation Zone in Germany, gave the order for the Berlin Airlift. Headquartered out of Wiesbaden Army Airfield, the Allies supplied almost 9,000 tons per day of supplies to the beleaguered city until the blockade was lifted on May 12, 1949.
From 1948 to 1950, the Cold War began to warm, and the outbreak of hostilities in Korea heightened East-West tensions in Europe. The Seventh Army was reactivated at Stuttgart in late November 1950, the V and VII Corps headquarters were organized, and four divisions were alerted to move back to Europe from the United States. The first to arrive was the 4th Infantry Division in May 1951, followed by the 2nd Armored Division and the 43rd and 28th Infantry Divisions during summer and fall of 1951.
A new joint United States European Command (USEUCOM) was established on Aug. 1, 1952. On that day, the Army headquarters at Heidelberg, formerly known as EUCOM, became Headquarters,United States Army Europe (USAREUR).
In 1953, the Korean War Armistice was signed, and tensions began to ease in Europe. About 13,500 soldiers manned each of the US Army Europe divisions. New equipment fielded at the time included the M-48 tank, the M-59 armored personnel carrier, and tactical nuclear weapons.
Although the open East-West conflict had ended, political tensions remained high in Europe. Particularly troublesome was the impasse over the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany, the former British, French and U.S. zones of occupation) and the German Democratic Republic (East Germany, the former Soviet zone of occupation). Berlin posed an additional problem; it was surrounded by East Germany, but Great Britain, France, the United States, and the Soviet Union all occupied sectors in the city. At that time, travel between the sectors was unrestricted. At the time Soviet premier Nikita Khrushchev announced in June 1961 that the Soviet Union was planning to conclude a peace treaty with the East German government, 3,000 East German refugees flowed daily into Berlin.
Suddenly on the night of Aug. 12, 1961, the Soviets closed the border crossing points and began to construct the Berlin Wall, isolating the three western sectors of the city both from East Germany and the Soviet sector, or East Berlin.
In response, the United States deployed an additional armored cavalry regiment to Europe, along with additional support units. US Army Europe strength reached an all-time high of 277,342 in June 1962 as the crisis deepened. The command dispatched a reinforced infantry battle group to Berlin to strengthen the existing garrison.
The crisis cooled in Berlin from 1962 to 1963, and augmenting forces returned to the United States. Equipment modernization programs during this period included the M-113 armored personnel carrier, the M-14 rifle, the M-60 machine gun, the OV-1 fixed wing observation aircraft, the UH-1B Huey helicopter, the M-151 jeep, and the M-60 tank.
On Dec. 1, 1966, the separate headquarters of Seventh Army was eliminated, and USAREUR became Headquarters, U.S. Army Europe and Seventh Army.
US Army Europe | The USAREUR Story | Part 1 of 2 | Cold War Documentary | ca. 1961
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I love the "Big Picture" series I grew up with it and I still enjoy watching the many episodes on Y-tube . It is amazing how Europe grew after WWll and in this one is only 16 yrs later ! It was a dangerous Cold War world then but much simpler then - you knew who your enemies were !!!
Big Picture was stupid shit! Fucking bullshit propaganda!
I served in Berlin from Feb.1961 until Aug.1963. Gen Clarke was the commander of USAREUR.
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The formidable power of the United States ARMY in Europe
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The Best Film Archives my dad served in the U.S Army From 1960 basic training in Germany then 1961 to 1962 in Germany with the 14th armoured division on a M52 105mm Self Propelled Gun with an 8mile range!
I was born in and raised until I joined up in USAREUR, great place to grow up.
I was stationed in West Germany from 1971-73 with VII Corps 210th HHB Field Artillery.
I like these old big picture films . Watched them as a kid . Prior to Vietnam as to when I served , We were the good guys back in the 50,s . Things changed by 1965 . Love the white stars on the tanks . They make good aiming points for enemy armor . White T shirts and name tags , gold stripes and color patches with gold US ARMY tapes . Hadn’t the army learned learned anything ? Nam put the schnitz to that silly crap !
Ahh',the good ole days-
I LOVE to watch old black & white video's of the United States Army covering the 1950's through the early 1960's. Why one may ask?....It's very simple, you see, that was my Dad's ARMY, that was the ARMY Elvis Presley served in back in the day when it was a MAN'S ARMY. When Men were Men!!! I sought to join that ARMY in 1977 only to find that ARMY no longer exsited....it was the New All Voulanteer Army....I found it to be VERY DISAPPOINTING. Overall I had a good time, met a lot of good people whom I still consider to be my BROTHERS IN ARMS and friends for life, and I was blessed to make the rank of sergeant E-5. Years later I look back on that period of my youth and it was by far the MOST IMPORTANT part of my life because my government deemed me MORALLY and PHYSICALLY FIT to SERVE my COUNTRY and what a PRICELESS, HONOR and PRIVILEGE that I had to EARN the right to wear the uniform of the UINTED STATES ARMY. A very PROUD moment for me. I LOVE my COUNTRY. GOD BLESS AMERICA!!
It was difficult back in the mid seventies . No respect from civilians . After 73 it was all volunteer . I went in in 69 and of course most of us went to Vietnam . AS I re-enlisted my first time in 73 , my CO told me “ it’s been a hard war , and it’s going to be followed by a hard peace . The army needs men like you . , did my 30 years and retired SGM . That USAREUR army of the Big Picture was long gone , by 1969 . The darkness of Vietnam changed all that . I only hope that through my years of service l helped and encouraged my fellow soldiers , and as a senior NCO a mentor to up and coming NCO,s , and junior officers . I honor your service . The mid seventies were a difficult time to serve . Even if we weren’t at war during that period .
Who was Gen Polk shown with Gen Clarke?
JACKET and hat before socks alert and ready
We fought the wrong enemy!
Nah, all those commies can go to hell - better dead, than red!