Rohtas Fort Built by Sheir shah Suri || Pahnsi ghaat || Man Singh's Haweli (English Subtitle)
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 13 ต.ค. 2024
- #exploring #shershahsuri #jehlum
Rohtas Fort (Punjabi, Urdu: قلعہ روہتاس, romanized: Qilā Rohtās) is a 16th-century fortress located near the city of Dina in Jhelum district of the Punjab province of Pakistan. Raja Todar Mal, the minister of the Sur king Sher Shah Suri, supervised the construction of the fort which is now one of the largest and most formidable in Punjab.[1]
The fort remains remarkably intact and was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997. UNESCO called it an "exceptional example of the Muslim military architecture of Central and South Asia."[2]
Location
Rohtas Fort is situated on a hill in the Tilla Jogian Range, overlooking a gorge where the Kahān River meets a seasonal stream called Parnal Khas. The fort is positioned 91.5 metres (300 ft) above its surroundings. It is 819 metres (2,687 ft) above sea level and covers an area of 70 hectares (170 acres).
History
Sur period
Sher Shah Suri, the founder of the Sur Empire, commissioned the Rohtas Fort on the advice of his generals, who suggested him to adopt a scorched earth strategy to defeat the warring Gakhar, a local Punjabi Muslim tribe who were providing bold resistance to the Surs, near the Salt Range region in Punjab.[3][4] Thus the idea of the Rohtas Fort was conceived, with Sher Shah laying down the foundation of the fort.[3] The fort occupied a strategic position between the mountains of Afghanistan and the plains of Punjab, preventing Humayun from returning to India from his exile in Persia.[5] Its name celebrated the Sher Shah Suri's 1539 capture of the Rohtas Fort in the Shahabad district of Bihar from a Hindu prince.[5]
The construction of Rohtas Fort started in 1541 under the supervision of finance minister Todar Mal, himself a Punjabi Khatri.[2][5][6] However, its construction soon stopped when the local Gakhar population was unwilling to work on the construction due to all the male tribesmen taking a vow to not cooperate with the Surs lest be threatened with excommunication or expulsion.[7][5] Thus Todar Mal was not able to find even one labourer to help him in the construction of the fort. This was the case until he under the orders of Sher Shah raised the workers' wages to such a degree that many of the Gakhars became willing to help with the fort's construction.[7][5] Sher Shah Suri did not live to see its completion as he died in 1545 before the fort was completed.[5]
Architecture
Layout of the fort
The designers of Rohtas Fort valued function over form. Its style draws from Turkish, Middle Eastern, and South Asian artistic traditions.[2]
Layout
Rohtas Fort covers an area of 70 hectares (170 acres), enclosed by 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) of walls. It has bastion towers and twelve monumental gates that provide access to the inner fort.[5][2] The fort is an irregularly shaped triangle and follows the contours of its hill. The northwest corner of the fort is walled off from the rest of the structure by a 533-metre-long (1,749 ft) wall.[5] The enclosed section served as a citadel for elites.[5] It could hold up to 30,000 men.
Gates
Rohtas Fort has 14 gates built of grey ashlar stone
Sohail gate :This rectangular gate measures 21.34 metres (70.0 feet) high by 20.73 metres (68.0 feet) wide, and with a depth of 15 metres (49 feet). Its central archway is 4.72 metres (15.5 feet)..
Shah Chandwali is a double gate that links the citadel to the main fort. The outer gate is an entrance from the citadel. It is 13.3 metres (44 ft) wide and 8.23 metres (27.0 ft) deep. The inner gate is a simple archway 3.66 metres (12.0 ft) wide. Its namesake is Shah Chandwali, a saint who refused wages for working on this gate. He died while working on the gate's construction and is buried nearby.
Kabuli gate :The gate may have been built in two stages.[1] It consists of an inner and outer gate that encloses a stepwell.[1] Its opening is 3.15 meters (10.3 feet) wide and is flanked by two bastions on either side. The gate has five battlements on top, with stairs leading up the outside wall. South of the gate is the Shahi Mosque, so many call it the Shahi Darwaza.
Shishi gate derives its name from the glazed tiles that decorate its outer arch. These blue tiles are the earliest known examples of this technique, later refined in Lahore. A carved calligraphy inscription to the left of the gate gives the date of construction of the fort.
Langar Khani gate opens directly into the citadel but was designed as a trap in the direct line of fire from the fort's bastions. It is a double gate with a central arched opening that is 15.25 meters (50.0 feet) high and 3.5 meters (11 feet) wide. The outer arch has a small window like Sohail Gate. The external opening leads to a Langar Khana (kitchen).
Talaqi gate has two bastions on each side. It is 15.25 metres (50.0 ft) high and 13.8 metres (45 ft) wide. This gate features a duplicate of the carved calligraphy inscription on Shishi gate. The origin of the name Talaqi is unknown.
Apka buhat buhat shukriya ye jaga Sach mein dekhna wali hai main na is pehla ye jaga nahi Dekhi thi aur last mein itna zaror kehna chaho ga apki himmat aur stamina ko Mera Salam hai ❤❤
It was suchc a memorable day
👑🎉
Such peaceful a place ❤
Feel always with you beta.
ماشاءاللہ ۔۔ شدید گرمی میں بڑی محنت سے بنائی ہے یہ ویڈیو آپ نے ۔۔ زبردست
Wao
Good job
Kitna sukoon Hain wahan
Great video 😊