Hello! We appreciate all the discussion that has been centered around this webinar. After an internal review, we have decided to update the title to more accurately reflect the content of the webinar. While the original title was misleading, the content and information in Dr. Dysktra’s presentation remains accurate. Thank you for watching!
This was a great presentation and being an organic home gardener (for a long time now) I can certainly vouch for the overall point that insects don't target healthy plants. So the healthier your plants are the less chance they will be eaten or the life sucked out of them. However, there is a group of insects that do target healthy plants and were not mentioned (I think) in this presentation and that is stinging fruit flies such as the Mediterranean and Queensland fruit flies not to be confused with fermentation fly which was detailed by Dr Thomas. Both of these insects sting unripe and ripening and ripe (just ready to pick) fruits like tomatoes, strawberries, mangoes, cucumbers, etc and lay an egg in the fruit which hatches into a maggot that eats and rots the fruit from the inside. This is a tough pest to control organically and often netting or bagging the fruit is the only way. Anyway, I thought I would mention this possible exception to the rule for interest's sake but apart from that from my experience I totally agree with the overall premise that healthy plants are much less likely to be targeted by pests and that's why I rarely ever need to use even a home remedy organic spray in our garden. Cheers :)
I totally agree Mark. My healthy cucumbers and cantaloupe are being decimated by beetles, which are feeding on my nearby watermelon leaves. I have lost over 40 of them so far. I have just discovered Neem oil, which seems to be working a treat. 😎😎
hi Mark, I'm a big fan of your channel. It would be really interesting if you could do a video on testing your produce with a Brix meter. It's my hunch that our naughty qld fruit fly may only target fruit that is from lower brix plants/trees. His mention of strict no-till contributing to low brix made me wonder if that's the case for some of our fruit trees.
Some nonsense here too. Insects eat any plant they can digest. A healthy ECOSYSTEM is what keeps insects in smaller numbers. Many monoculture plants are more vigorous and healthy than their wild counterparts because they have no competition. I have seen sickly plants barely touched by pests while healthy ones were eaten- the tomato is a very good example. Hornworms thrive in healthy gardens but in gardens with plenty of birds and parasitic wasps the hornworms barely make a dent. In a pine forest only sick pine trees are eaten while the healthy ones fight them off. healthy trees have a network of fungi and bacteria that make it harder for the bugs to multiply. Sawflies tend to eat healthier trees but the birds in a healthy ecosystem eat them fast. My garden was plagued by june bugs for years, but once ducks settled in the june bugs are all but gone. The measuement presented of how to determine plant health is something I have never seen before. Good information on soil bacteria, I have seen first hand how the use of herbicides destroys fertility. GMO crops always fail when in a wild environment if plants cannot breed they will become extinct. As a Floridian myself it is interesting how you explained why my bananas tast so different than store bought. Same with the tomatoes. My gardens have no weeds and have not for over 20 years. health soil and gardens do not allow weeds to exist it seems,
Here they are talking about particular plants. When photosynthetic plants become unable to transport magnesium ions - then the bacteria and fungi move in.
different plants attract different insects, so actually if you plant your vegetable garden and don't remove the other plants, the insects will not damage the vegetable plants so much, but your vegetables won't be as big and great in numbers, that is the problem....greed, always has always will be
As a budding botanist I found this massively informative and helpful. I don’t usually like long and extended yt videos but I’m thankful I listened. I guess I’m that kinda of foolish yt viewer but not today! I feel upgraded through my listening thanks to you. Good job guys. My thanks are infinite.
Thank you for sticking around, Phill "RAwr" Mckrackerlaken. We're really glad to hear that you enjoyed this webinar and that you were able to get some useful takeaways out of it. Good luck, budding botanist! - The AEA Team
Same as me. I've grown tomatoes beautifully for years no insect pests and even I have wondered why. I just tell people who ask me I think my plants have high disease /pest resistance because I use home made compost. Watching this video has taught me each group of insects have the food they eat.
The information found in this video is worth it’s weight in gold. Thank you so much for putting it together. I will use this info for caring for my orchard.
only just found this vid, as a avid gardener i had noticed insect went for not as healthy, but i was not aware that it had to do with the sugars, and never herd of brix, so thank you for posting this talk
Me too. But I've heard of Brix before. Didn't know sugars are in the leafs though. I was taught that it had to do with the natural insecticides that plants can create/contain. And that insects die eating healthy plants, so they go after the stressed plants instead because their natural 'defense' is weakened.
Screen name, and avid gardner goes hand and hand. What's your take on russet mites? Sick plant, healthy plant, makes no difference. Once they dig in, the show's over.
Brilliant podcast, many thanks :-) I know from experience, every word of this is true. Even after 30 years experience as a gardener, it's great to be reminded and have my observations confirmed. There's too much misleading information about, encouraging people to look for quick but short term fixes that often prove to be more distructive long term. Observation, patience and dedication to care to learn from how nature works and working with it, gives long term solutions and success. Listening to such a well presented and in-depth analysis on this subject has taught me a great deal, for which I'm very grateful :-)
Sounds interesting, but something doesn't add up because I watched the emerald ashbore kill ever single ash tree on an entire mountainside over a period of a few years. No more ash trees. Only saplings. But how long before they are killed? How could they ALL be unhealthy?
I am a certified arborist. I planted 4 carolina cherry laurels in an identical fashion. None of them had shown any appreciable insect damage after about 4 months post-planting. I went on vacation and forgot to put the watering timer on. One of the four plants receives a bit more sunlight. All 4 were parched, but the one with more sunlight had significantly more scorched leaves. I saved them all, however for the next several months now the only one now showing insect damage is the one which had the worst scorching (i.e. greatest stress). They are all putting out new leaves since they scorched, but the new and surviving leaves on the less-scorched three show little to no insect damage. They are planted 5 about 10 feet apart in the same planter.
This information helped me so much to get a better understanding of the balance, This year I've had a Thrips explosion on my houseplants and in one night I've stopped them dead in there tracks just by adjusting the calcium lvls, all the leaves are back to a shining shimmer. thx so much
No, "bad germs" do not exist at all. Most of the cells in and on our bodies are microorganisms. Certain bacteria, fungi, and parasites are Mother Nature's recyclers. Like with plants, these creatures multiply and feast on whatever makes us sick and/or whatever body part is sick. Other "healthy" bacteria help us with many things such as to digest and absorb the nutrients from food. V i r u s e s are bogeymen humans created to blame for whatever illnesses. Scientists have never been able to take only the tiny "v i r u s" particles, which they claim cause a disease, and recreate it in a healthy host. They always have to use a toxic mixture to do it. The real culprit is manmade poison. Imagine all the revenues and profits that would be lost if we ever started admitting we've been sickening our own species.
@@chronos401 you sounded like you were about to talk some sense but then you said something which should mean that nobody gets sick unless an evil scientist does saucery. bad germs and good germs are all just value judgements that we make on organisms depending on our opinion of them at the time. some are mostly deleterous to our efforts and some are essential for our survival, but, any organism could conceivably cause a problem for a person if it is in the wrong place or state an elephant is a pest if it is standing on you. or eating your entire season's harvest. but we love elephants, they are good.
well if they exist in your body and you are healthy, then technically they cant be that bad. if we define 'healthy plants' as plants that are not being eaten by insects, then the clickbait claim is true, but not a useful way to think about it. this video doesnt even do that.
Plants and human physiology works remarkably similarly by DESIGN. Blood has iron molecule at center chlorophyll has magnesium, because plants don't move ... So cool john does these and shows gods creation. Chlorophyll closely resembles our red blood cells. Hemoglobin is the pigment that gives our blood its red color, as well as its oxygen-carrying capacity. The hemoglobin of the red blood cell and the Chlorophyll of the plant are virtually identical in molecular structure, with the only difference being the center atom.
Does this topic also apply to host plants like milkweed for monarchs and dill for swallowtails? Does the mom butterfly look for a stressed plant (low brix) or a super health (high brix) that is packed with nutrition [for the new larva to feed on (added)]. Perhaps this is the exception to the premise that strong health plants can withstand all that chewing.
High brix content makes the bugs drunk as they do not have a pancreas to convert sugar to energy. Sugar ferments and creates alcohol making the silly bug food for the birds. I am sure butterflies have a method to understand the sugar levels like an inbuilt refractometer.
Locust perhaps is a better example. I tend to dismiss absolutists claims that say everyone is wrong except me and a few handpicked others. So I lasted 20 seconds
How about cabbage moth larvae? Do the moths never lay eggs in amazingly healthy broccoli & kale plants, kohlrabi, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts, and of course cabbage?
I guess I have never seen a single healthy plant in my life. I have never known a plant that snails/slugs won't chew on or where hornets won't chew on leaves.
To truly prove this you would need to get a cultivar, variety or hybrid that's is known to be prone to insect attack and then by increasing its brix show that none will attack it, otherwise this is speculation and hypothesizing. In my opinion and experience resistance is tied to genetics and genetic environment interaction. I've grown different varieties of corn, as many as 20 concurrently, and one can definitely see this effect when even sap analysis show them all to be in the same range. Some will have insect attack it, others won't and some would be in between. In nature there ate very few things that are absolute, to issue a blanket statement such that "all insects " act and react to brix this way is to dismiss evolution. Insects and plants are constantly in an arms race to outcompete each other, which drives in part this evolutionary process. So genetics is a main contributor to this, the reason why as you said in natural landscape plants are not attacked overwhelmingly by insects, they have evolved with this insects and why invasive insect overwhelmingly attack them, they didn't coevolved with them. Agricultural plants have not evolved in this scenario fighting off insects, instead have coevolved with us, and as such r have baby them as we would children protecting them and overriding their need to evolve defenses against insect and as such make them weaker which is in part what domestication entails, their dependence on us. That's the difference between wild plants and crops, two very different upbringings. Same reason why a mutt is healthier than a breed dog.
I am currently taking a Master Gardener course through my state University Extension Center. We have not touched upon ANY of this in either the entomology or the plant sections. Thank you for this valuable information.
Master gardeners only discuss science-backed facts and recommendations. If they don't discuss it, there's no science behind it. If they don't know about it, tell them and the university professors will look into it. Companies reach out to them all the time trying to get them to endorse their stuff. If they still don't discuss it, the science was flawed.
This looks like a pretty easy claim (title of the video) to test. I'd be humored to see this guy test the brix of a plant to be let's say a score of 15 in the morning. Then place aphids near it and see the aphids eat it at let's say noon. And then claim the brix of the plant changed since the morning time. But this wouldn't happen cuz you can test the plant while it's getting eaten. So I'm looking forward to the next video that goes over the various insect-to-plant tests that have been conducted with a nodding master gardener scientist in the room, and I hope the whole defensive intro to this video is left out because it's not needed and doesn't make sense anyway, that is, the claim that food scraps aren't human food.
@@Mike-ki7zt so the aphids would have to be planted on the high brix plant? I think the idea is that insects target unhealthy pants, so your "experiment" does nothing to invalidate the claim
This is conspiracy stuff, don't use TH-cam as a source for information, too many back yard scientists who make too much stuff up. This is nonsense. This is also the issue with TH-cam, anyone can make a video claiming anything and brainwash a generation. They do this for click, (money). Not to teach you something. This is also why your university will not allow you to cite TH-cam as a source. If it was truly ground-breaking, he would have a live audience not trying to convince a bunch of click baited idiots on TH-cam :)
Last summer I began using compost teas and extracts with very good results. I’m enrolled in the SoilFoodWeb school and have learned a lot from Dr. Elaine.. making quality compost was part of it. I’ve been a no till home gardener for over ten years, but always plagued by slugs in my garden mulch, and they decimated my bush beans by late fall. This year the fall beans had almost no damage. Is it sensible to attribute this to a higher brix in the beans? I watered the plants several times with compost extract. Anyone have thoughts on this. Much appreciated. Thank you John, Dr. D et al.
This is so great to hear, Garth Wunsch! It sounds like you're certainly making steps in the the right direction and your beans are thankful for it :) - The AEA Team
Thank you so much for this presentation! I've been growing fruit trees, vegetables, flowers and especially roses most of my life organically and only very occasionally had any problems. Neighbours comment on why my plants are not infested with bugs as I don't spray or add anything but natural fertilizer to them. Compacted soil. Yes. Thank you for pointing that out, I will keep an extra eye out for this. And finally I know now why my indoor plants in winter are not doing too great. UV. Oh, I'm learning all the time and I will be sure to watch ALL of the videos on this channel AND I will buy such a BRIX device for measuring. Thank you again so much! Greetings from Andalucia/Spain.
Hi Antje, we're very happy to hear that you were able to learn new information from this webinar. Thank you for your feedback and for watching our content! - The AEA Team
I’ve done so and experimented by adding more after calming the aphids infestations and they come right back. When you over fertilize in something it usually attracts a hungry critter
Thank You so much for the info, I will need to listen to it again because I'm new to gardening this is my 4th time doing a garden but my first time doing it in my own backyard. I still have A LOT TO LEARN.
I would love to read the studies that Dr. Dykstra has conducted on this subject, especially those that show pesticides reducing brix levels across a diversity of crop species. I cannot seem to find any of his study reports, journal articles, or conference abstracts. I would love to replicate some of his studies in the crops I work in!
@sprock i have to keep reminding myself not to be upset about this video, because its not just the clickbait mis info. its the way it looks at first, like there are theories argued and evidence shown and experiments replicated and stuff, as though it was all sciencey. so i think i am going to learn something useful about insects or plants, and instead i learn that the most harmful of the misinformation about regenerative farming seems to be coming from its strongest proponents
@sprock if the techniques are based on dogma and superstition and people who want to sell instruments, then we are unlikely to be doing anything the best way. i am also looking for ways to improve my influence on our environment, and i like it when i find someone has done some science for a change.
I was not aware of the relationship between Brix value and pest pressure on the plant. That was interesting. I am a microbiologist and have previously worked in the Ag sector. I may be able to explain why there is a poor reading for GMOS: given that it takes 10+ years to bring GMOS to the market, the technology is only used for high volume crops which are grown in monoculture with heavy equipment. This form of agriculture depletes the soil severely. The poor soil can certainly explain the poor brix readings. If regulators would make it easier for GMOS to enter the market, then we would have many more options available, that can be feasible grown in a small farm setting with better soil. In this Environment, the brix should be much higher in the plants. Until we have healed the soil, we can use GMOS to make plants resistant to pests without having the need to spray pesticides that kill bacteria in the soil. Many people would like to solve that problem with biologics. There are some benefits of GMOS over biologics. One example is the fact that nematodes are an important part of the soil microbiome. Some nematodes are plant pests, others are beneficial for the soil. If you have a nematode resistant GMO, then you will only kill the nematodes that try to eat the plant roots. If you apply biologics to the soil to solve the problem, you are killing all nematodes, including the beneficial ones. Biologics are however very important when you want to improve nutrient circulation in the soil, I.e. by providing nitrogen fixing bacteria. The big thing we have to focus on is improving overall soil health. This can be done in many ways. One unrelated aspect that may be worth considering in this discussion is the enormous amount of agricultural area used to feed livestock. It is a very inefficient use of land and thus plays a big role in the question of exhausted soils. If we reduce our animal products consumption, we can afford to use more sustainable methods, on our agricultural land. As long as we need to feed all those animals in factories, we will have a tough time, switching to more sustainable methods and feeding our population…
@@lcunningham1776 it is possible to improve soil health by letting wild animals graze or by using specific grazing strategies with livestock. We can however not move to a system where we only eat pasture raised animals at our current average meat consumption. Pasture raised livestock simple needs too much space, which we don’t have. I went vegan because I wanted to be more environmentally friendly. Some people ask me, why I didn’t just stop eating factory farmed meat and continued eating pasture raised meat? As a matter of fact, pasture raised meat is worse for the environment than factory farmed meat. It requires more space, which leads to deforestation. Factory farmed cows get often slaughtered at 14 months, whereas pasture raised ones get slaughtered at 22 months. Due to this longer lifespan, the pasture raised meat created more methane and more CO2 per pound of meat. While theoretically on a per pound of meat basis, factory farmed meat is more environmentally friendly, the mixture of economies of scales and ridiculous amounts of subsidies make it so cheap that meat consumption goes through the roof. The added consumption is too much for our planet to handle. In order to have a chance to get a healthy planet, we need to immediately stop all subsidies for animal agriculture. In addition to that, consumption of animal products has to go way down. If we can manage that, we can start reforestation projects in some areas. Improving soil quality needs to happen simultaneously. In some areas, animal can be helpful here, in others, we may want to use other strategies, like clever crop rotation or simply rewinding of the land for a few years, until it is used for food production again.
@@sebastiandoerfert8668 are you factoring in the land needed for feed, for factory raised animals? Are you factoring in the logistical carbon impact of the feed? Are you factoring in the soil health of the feed land compared to a properly run pasture farm? There are many more factors than this. Your formulas for what is good for the environment needs to encompass the entirety of affects.
When I first planted my flowers from seed June bettles ate alot of them. They were perfectly healthy babies. When I turned off my yard lights they stopped. They grew back and spiders moved in now they don't get any damage 😂 the spiders eat all the bugs I love it. I do have some minor leaf miner damage though on a couple of leafs.
If you have an ecosystem that can support spiders then you have non spider problems, like in the house Mosquitos, flies I just like saying this so more spiders prevent Malaria! In our battle against predators to the human body!
When I bought this place, it had a LOT of non-native decorative plants and they were constantly having issues with insects. I cut them all out and replaced them with native plants and problems solved. They were inviting the invasive insect species that are also non-native to where I live and have no native predators. With those gone, the orchards and grapes have started producing better as well, with bigger and more vigorous growth and fruit. I also don't have a mono-culture yard. I let clover and dandelions do their work, then die back naturally. Works like a charm.
This guy need to do more videos he's got a inquisitive mindset and true scientist. Great presentation blew my mind when you said we love numbers. real 58
Regarding fruit flies, in my home garden it is quite clear the fruit fly lay their eggs in both fruit approaching ripeness as well as ripe or over ripe fruit. They don’t limit their attack to over ripe fruit. This comment applies to tomatoes and peaches which is what I grow. I have often picked fruit just prior to them being fully ripe and have brought them inside to try and avoid fruit fly but still ended up with maggots in the fruit.
I had beautiful mini red pepper plants, and gorgeous Chrysanthemums. My very healthy garden plants were attacked by aphids, and leaf eater bugs. How "perfect" do plants have to be to not be eaten by insects? Your premise is full of baloney. None of my garden had plants that were dehydrated, sick, or anywhere near "on their last legs". Grasshoppers will not eat sick plants with dry, and dying brown leaves. Aphids want plants with plenty of sweet juices to suck on. Aphids won't eat dry plants (no nectar for them).
Man, this is exactly what I needed to listen to! Now everything makes sense. I was looking for an objective (not subjective) method of evaluating plant health and now I have found it.
What an excellent presentation, thanks so much! This took a bunch of stuff I learned about in my horticulture studies and presented it from the insect perspective and with way more detail, heaps of "aha!" moments as it all clicked together. Really glad I got to watch this.
Thanks for watching, Tanya Gray! We're so happy to hear that you enjoyed it and that you were able to learn something from this webinar. - The AEA Team
I say here, here, me too, Tanya. Thank you AEA team for what you have presented here. We are so blessed to have all the diverging opinions here as well. Shalom, sister.
Ok. I got through to the Q & A section. After listening to the whole thing, I’ve gained an appreciation for the presentation. The info on brix (bricks(?) was edifying. I still have a problem w/ the phraseology that insects “Can’t” eat healthy plants. All you have to do is find one one and the argument goes out the window.Species on species predation is opportunistic. Just like I am sure, one can find perfectly healthy humans, you. Can also find a species like Ebola that can attack as this healthy individual has no defense against it, so can you find a perfectly healthy plant w/ a brix reading of 18 that that has no natural defense against and that invasive species can dominate and decimate the ecosystem. I can see though how important your indicator is in plant health in different parts of a plants life cycle.
Yeah bugs might be swayed away from healthy plants but they 100% do. Hell, put them together in a closed place and I’m sure they will eat it eventually if not right away
As pure anecdote, it this very moment, July 14, 2022, I have two raised, 4'x8' garden beds in my back yard. I put the beds down and used oak tree leaves that were sitting in the back yard, composting, for 3 years, as a base. Next, I used grass clippings that I had dumped in small piles, starting just this year. Finally, I topped it off with about 30 bags of "putting soil" from our local supermarket, which coincidentally, smelled heavily of manure, with visible wood chips mixed in. We planted several veggies out there. Many didn't come up, the ones that have are absolutely breaking out of the garden beds. I have to prune the limbs to get them out of the yard so I can mow. When I cut them, water drips out, there are virtually no bug bites on the healthy plants. There are some plants that are struggling and they are severely bug bitten. What's most interesting to me is, I have used ZERO fertilizer whatsoever, ZERO pesticide/insecticide, and ZERO weed control. Other than the Bermuda Grass that's popping up, from the ground, along the edges of the beds, there are ZERO weeds. That, I cannot understand. Why are there no weeds? I would think, in that rich soil environment, there would be weeds everywhere, but there are none.
So i just finished planting veg in my small front yard bed, trying to find out if these little toads need to get chased off or enticed to stay, and i come across this awesome podcast throwing my hindsight into sharp relief. Once you hear it so meticulously explained on layman's term, it's like, duh. Well maybe next year, because o just finished doing just about EveryThing wrong! Lol. You tube, a burden or a gift? Sooo much (unchecked) info, and you tend to belive the person who sounds the most confidant. You work so hard on your little patch of ground to get a family harvest, and worry and want to fix fix fix, broken or not, even when you know better, because you can't stand to lose! And that's just me and my little garden. What if my livelihood depended on my success? Geez. Thank you farmers for feeding us when we fail (and every other time as well), and thank you for the video. Excellent presentation.
I have seen a locust swarm descend upon a healthy wheat field, and I can tell your categorically that they were eating every plant (healthy and non-healthy) that they landed upon. Some insects may choose unhealthy plants, but locusts are defiantly not fussy.
Yes. This is utter bullshit. I watch butterflies lay caterpillar eggs on my healthy plants all day long. Junk science that flies in the face of observable reality.
@@nowwhereisthetruth2475 I'm going to play devils advocate here because discussion is good. First off, homogenous cultures of wheat fields are most likely not healthy and modern agriculture uses all of the negative additives that he stated make a plant unhealthy to begin with, so a wheat field for example is almost certainly an unhealthy plant by his standards (hopefully you watched the video). Second of all this idea covers most but not every scenario. Plants and insects have evolved together, and healthy plants generally have ways to combat insect pests or they would be wiped out, he mentions several defense mechanisms. When you introduce an invasive species and the plant has no evolved defense mechanism, then this ideology will not apply (for example, emerald ash borer in the united states) You're also both assuming your plants are healthy with no way to actually test or indicate that fact (He uses brix). A healthy looking plant isn't always healthy. Eggs being laid on a plant doesn't indicate it can't fight caterpillars either. Some of the plant has to be eaten in order for it to fend off the pest, a plant being lightly gnawed on by insects is not the same as one being demolished by them, and plant health plays a role in this. I have observed that myself, unhealthy plants often will succumb to insects and healthy nearby plants remain relatively untouched. That being said, we shouldn't take what is said here as gospel or assume it applies to 100% of scenarios. I think there is some good info in the presentation regardless of whether you agree or disagree with the title.
@@dustinsmith8341 Perhaps :) I was of course referencing modern agriculture when speaking of farming, I assumed he's using some sort of pesticide/herbicide/fungicide etc and possibly GMO. There are of course other types of farming, but this is by far and away the most common. Would you care to elaborate on your opinion?
I like how he thinks we should not play God; that seems to be a problem many people have, as though they have some right or duty to spray this or that poison for this or that reason but they don't actually know what they're talking about or what the consequences of their actions are beyond what they see themselves and point to.
@Thomas Pickens God put all things under man's dominion; there's nothing wrong with trying this or that, or making some new hybrid plant. What there is something wrong with, is for example how bill gates plans to "blot out the sun" so to speak, as if he knows best, and should use his power and control to do things which could have such far reaching effects as to theoretically disturb the natural order and cycle of the environment of millions and billions of people. The same thing applies with his vaccines, we could quite literally, though this is a stretch, but we could quite literally end up with what amounts to zombies as a result of such an experiment. If someone wants to spray highly concentrated chemicals or mixtures thereof on their own property, they are welcomes to do it, but when you start pushing it onto other people through various means, then is it not wrong? And when people advocate for this or that to be done when they don't actually know what needs to be done, what can be said about those people? They are not experimenting with new weed control measures on land they own, they are trying to convince others to do something which may or may not be a good thing to do.
It's our pleasure, Melvin Medina! Thank you for watching and for [hopefully] incorporating some of this information into the work you're doing! - The AEA Team
I think that, as with basically anything in this world, things aren't that simple, things usually aren't this black or white, there's definitely a nuance at play. For example, it might be that, ill plants give off certain volatilites that insects can pick up, which signal the presence of a given species of plant (the air is astoundingly saturated of biochemical signals we just aren't suited to pick up), which certain species of insects have evolved to feed off when something is wrong with them (for example, boring insects are very attracted to injured palm trees, because at the center of their trunk lies a very nutritious tissue). Diseased and/or injured plants thus, may just merely have their most nitrient rich tissues more exposed and/or vulnerable, so insects veer towards them because it is an easier meal (most insects can't bore their way inside a plant, it is too well armored, so they go for softer parts, such as leaves). It's not that healthy plants cannot represent a meal to them as well, for the variable at play is the exact same as predators going for the weak, easy kill. Oh but boring insects (such as termites), if given the chance (especially of they lack of predators, which deforestation causes), will definitely chew up an entire, healthy plant no problem.
White flies decimated my Swiss Chard quickly. The whole row went from as crisp and lovely as could be to completely ruined inside of a weeks time. Next the broccoli, trashed it all. They didn't seem very interested in the collard greens until mid December when there was precious little else after a couple of hard freezes. Not long after it warmed up a little I noticed the collards which had been peacock proud were looking a little wilted. Lo and behold, the little bastards are swarming the collards now that they've sweetened up real nice. Just tuned into the video and I'll hear you out but from the start, I'm not buying the no competition bit at all. Now that I think about it, there is a nasty brown caterpillar worm that seems to fancy my favorite variety of tomatoes as well. Out of the five types I planted it seemed to only go after the beef steak but if I wanted any of them I had to harvest them while they were still green or I was late to the dance. They burrow in deep and make a mess out of them long before they are even half ripe.Suffice to say I haven't been applying anything onto the foliage and while I have used some small amount of fertilizer I generally just top dress with compost.
Dyna trap. ... place it away from the garden to draw the moths away. Then avoid any competing light . Also don't work in the garden at night even with a green light. During rainy spring season apply nematodes to the garden soil keep wet for at least 3 days Best of luck✌🙂
Row covers will be my answer for a non chemical approach! Curiously I was able to observe a radically different behavior of caterpillar "attack" to my Portuguese cabbage. That happened in two very different scenarios. In fact in two very different countries altogether! ;-) #1 - In Portugal at almost 600m altitude place. In a piece of land that had been a farm but at least for the prior 4/5 years have been "abandoned" in terms of regular farming practices! So the cabbage was left to it's own (wild!!) Among a ridiculous amount or other herbs, grasses, weeds, etc. The best way to describe it, is that I couldn't SEE the cabbage among all else! With many grasses reaching about chest height! That's how flooded it was by let's call it "competition"! It had a (very) few dead branches. Several old/dried leaves. But was incredibly healthy and curiously no insect stress/attack! I was able to eat a lot of it! Simply delicious! 😋 Worth mention there was also, on the land, all sorts of insects, birds, mice, cats, dogs and even fox wondering around! #2 - In South Norway at almost sea level. Seeds from the same mother plant! In spite of my well trimmed garden. Garden beds with good soil and compost (both commercial and home made). Mulch, etc. First year I pretty, much lost all of them to insects pressure! No cabbage planted on the second year. Third year (this year) I eat a lot of cabbage from my production! BUT, Jeez! It looked like a bobbin lace!! From which I just eat what the insects left over for me! LOL 😂 Although perfectly edible, the taste was nothing to brag about and the looks where close to awful. If looking only to eat clean/undamaged cabbage leaves. I'm confident to say with such criteria I wouldn't be able to eat a single leaf... That's from almost 8/9 plants! Results vary some were lost. ALL of the kales and cabbages were severely attacked by insects, mostly caterpillar and slugs!
this is completely antithetical to my experience as an IPM director for large scale cannabis production. i have a million questions and would love to meet you and discuss this somehow. thanks for the brain food!
Such an informative talk. I finally now understand about Brix levels. We've had our orchard for 8 years and nobody has ever explained it properly. Avocado leaves are very difficult to get any "juice" out of so I lost interest trying to check Brix levels but will keep perservering. I'd love you to do a talk specifically targeting avocado one day soon, just saying :)
Absolutely extraordinary presentation. I have witnessed the brix effect on the plants. But only now, have I fully understood what was going on. Thanks for sharing this gem.
great presentation! even for a beginner gardener like me perfect needed education, the only suggestion right now would be how to balance the various heavy nutrients that potentially conflict with one another for plants that need diffrent PH levels, thank you.
If a piece opens with "The scientist that keeps telling all other scientists in his field that they are wrong, but they won't listen", the odds are overwhelming that you have hit a piece of pseudoscience. An industry might have problems with new information and want to suppress it; science however will pretty much always be open to new ideas. If your findings are ignored or even actively resisted by other scientists in your field, your stuff probably doesn't make sense. Remember that anyone with an above average brain and some dedication and money can get a title, it's not a guarantee you are still always doing science afterwards. There are literally millions of insect species that all have different roles; some will eat healthy plants, others failing ones, and again others dead plants. Redefining all plants that are preyed upon as 'unfit' or 'failing' just renders fitness meaningless. It's a circular argument. If a plant's fitness is defined by it being eaten or not, you have a theory that will ALWAYS PROVE ITSELF (it is eaten, thus unfit and should have been eaten) and CANNOT BE DISPROVEN nor can it predict future events. Not science. Extra info: I studied philosophy of science in university as part of my philosophy studies. And some anecdotal evidence contradictory to this piece: aphids and caterpillars always seem to hit the healthiest plants, I rarely see them on failing ones. I actually see them as a sign that my plants are doing well. These insects totally compete with me for food, they for example eat my cabbages before I can. I have no clue what this guy is talking about when he says we don't compete with insects for food. Has he ever had a veggie garden?
Wait until you discover the pharmaceutical industrial complex. The wide world of journals refusing to publish results like Iver mectin’s efficacy just to quietly confirm it years later. $cience is by no means the beacon of truth and fairness you seem to think it is.
If only you'd watched until 17:40, you would understand that you've made a strawman argument against Thomas. He first explains how people will unwittingly use Anecdotal observations to determine a plants health, then goes on to explain how a plant can *look* healthy yet have low dissolved sugar/minerals in its sap, and therefore be determined to be, yes, unhealthy. He then explains how a refractometer allows us to make this measurement and thus determine the *actual* health of the plant by measuring how much sugar/mineral content the sap contains. It's interesting how defensive people get when they hear that they are probably growing low quality produce instead of buying a refractometer, measuring the actual health their plants are achieving, and then learning how to correct the situation to grow healthy produce. To each their own, I guess.
the bit about the store bought tomatos rung so true to me. i used to think thats just what tomatos tasted like but after i started organic gardening annd growing my own healthy organic tomatos i realized how much actual flavour they have... why tomatos are called FRUIT and they actually ARE as sweet as fruits... i cant even eat store bought tomatos anymore because they are just tasteless. i dont eat tomatos at all in the wintertime (except for my sauces that i jar from the previous seasons tomatos) i have to wait til summertime and only eat my own homegrown ones. im still a little lost on the topic though 'cause i know i always have healthy plants UNTIL the bugs start coming. squash bugs and vine-borers are the worst culprits i usually deal with. right now ive had huge healthy looking squash plants that are trailing out all over and putting out flowers and the beginnings of small growing squashes galore... super healthy as far as i can tell, honestly some of the biggest bodest looking plants ive had in a while and, while the bugs havent been AS big of an issue with them, i did see yesterday that the vine borers showed up. (i caught one big red borer-moth and found a few spots where small nearly microscopic borers were starting to chew and bore their way into the vine (i pulled them out where i could find them and sprayed the rest of the vines with thuricide)... but yea i honestly dont think the vine borers care how healthy the plant is. the 'borers' themselves are the larvae that would later turn into the moth. the moth lays their egg/larvae on the plant and wherever the egg hatches is where the borer will just start chewing its way inside the plant as soon as it hatches. then it devours the plant from the inside out if you dont catch it fast enough. if you dont notice them, the plant will look fine to begin with and all of a sudden wilt and die if the borer gets to chewing thru the main vine/stem. common 'beginner gardener' folly not to check for them. ive been organic gardening for years now and know to check for them and what to look for (small yellowy/orange 'chew holes' that kind of look like wet 'sawdust' coming out of the holes. ... you see that on your plants, gaurantee a borer is inside. ) they usually show up in late june to early july and you want to watch your plants closely , lift and and examine the vines and leaf stems to check for them because once they really get into the plant they are hard to remove and they do a lot of damage. (you literally have to do careful surgery on the plant to get them out! ... and they are super gross looking too lol. fat white smooshy grubs when they get big. when they're small its not a big deal tho i can barely see them but can look closely to find them and just smoosh em between my fingers.... cant smoosh them like that when they get big or i think i would gag lol.
Can anyone explain to me how the group of stored food pests aren't directly competing for food? That seems to totally undermine the thesis but it's just sort of glazed over.
@sprock his whole point was that "insects don't compete with us for food" though. I loved the video, but it doesn't start with a strong hypothesis. Its ok to say that sometimes insects compete with us for food. There are like... a lot of them.
@sprock in the beginning 10 minutes as he goes over things he says it repeatedly "we aren't competing with insects for food" ... "again, we are no competing with insects" But yeah I agree with you about most things. Just thought it was curious. When I recommend this video to people I just tell them to skip the first 10 minutes because it's really the stuff after that is most interesting and useful.
Indicators for height, flower, root spread, color, etc... are relative to each plant being observed. A rose flowering is not, in deed, a good indicator for how tall a oak tree is supposed to be ; yet it is a spanking good indicator of rose plant health. Not trying to insult you. Your take on insects targeting weak, dying, and dead plant material is spot on.
Insects have a more carbon diet. Healthy plants have resilience, secondary metabolites that have built in defense mechanisms. On top of that serious insect and disease problems are indicators of an imbalance in the ecosystem. My book; Radical Regenerative Gardening and Farming.
Thank you Dr. Dykstra. I have been reading and studying in the last 10 years about Dr. Carey Reams and William Albrecht . Could you please share your experience using EC meter and pH meter with BRIX meter sap plants samples as well? I have a lot of doubts how to implement a plan of nutritional analysis using them?
some insects have gotten into my pea garden. They chew thru the pod and eat the peas inside!!!! grrr and my peas are super healthy, but i figure thats what i get for going organic. some plants gonna be eaten. ive also seen tomato horn worms decimate a healthy crop of tomatoes and Colorado potato beetles wreak havoc on potato crops. So some insects will happily eat your healthy plants. These two pests in particular will decimate your crop if you do not take steps to deal with them. In both cases the typical method is either using poison or going after them manually. As an organic farmer in my youth I gathered a full 5 gallon bucket of tomato horn worms. and those were on exceptionally healthy plants. Aphids can badly harm many different plants and trees, though i have found that often where you have an aphid infestation you will soon have a swarm of lady bugs come in to eat your aphids. In terms of insects that specifically compete for food with humans. Ants, weevils come to mind and of course the tomato hornworm, the colorado potato beetle and a few other similar pests. honestly this has got to be one of the stupidest most retarded videos i have ever encountered. im going to break down just some of the stupid bullshit is it tall? then by this logic all trees are healthier than all shrubs because they are taller. no you halfwit, the proper logic is "is it tall for a member of its species" by this logic then yes you can determine a tall plant, with good structure including leaf coverage might be considered healthy Does it grow fast? the better question would be, is it growing at a reasonable rate for the type of plant it is? obviously comparing different species is once again pure stupidity and ridiculous. Is it green? better question, is it supposed to be green and is its color appropriate for its species. Though yellow leaves is pretty much always a bad indicator.
Thank you for your info from your entomology viewpoint. A nice additional piece to the grand puzzle of nature in this post flood world. Keep observing and sharing. Every piece helps.
Second reaction, but thanks to you, I now know why my sugar went bad when I tried to breed certain insects and invertebrates indoors for a hedgehog. The soil living insects attract microbes that love sugar. 50 percent sugar in the soil, so I guess the breeding ground was good, too good, I had a microbe plague. Now I finally know why this happened. Thank you! I was riddled by this. And those microbes made the sugar taste weird and made us sick for a couple of days, I had to throw it all out, everything sugar out. I got rid of all insects living in 'wet' conditions and only kept mealworms and lo and behold, nothing else went bad. No one was ever able to solve this for me. But you have now. Thank you!! 🙏❤️
@@beansdork haha, nooooo! I just had them in my studio. The mold just spread throughout the house. I wouldn't eat soil to begin with, let alone where there's bugs and mold in it😂
it does not follow from all the examples of insects which eat decaying vegetation, that no insects will or can eat food which we want to eat. i am amazed that i find myself feeling the need to say that. also , surely if you want to use something as an indicator of an organism's health, you would consider it in the context of what you would expect for that species. Some examples are given here of some substances that insects theoretically cant digest, but that does not mean that no insects will eat plants that contain some substances that the insects cant digest.
@@UGPepe thats also something wrong with all of this. the main problem is that it seems to be all just a narrative that someone likes, and has hardly any overlap with objective reality, but aside from it all being made up, even if it was reality based science, it would have to be all far more specific to individual cases. its all so generalised like we are 5 years old or something. actually i would never lie to a child like this either
@sprock its a strawman argument. you can get a bit of an idea that a plant is healthy by looking at it's growth, and nobody thinks you do so by just assuming the tallest plant ios the healthiest, regardless of species
@sprock its a good point you have there and i am pretty sure that more people can immediately conceive of a tall unhealthy plant than that know that you could have a low brix healthy plant
I have around 300 succulents and around half have Brevipalpus mites , Mealybugs, root Mealybugs, or all of them at once . I’m at my wits end . Please tell me which products I need to buy from you to make them too healthy for these awful pests . I tried to buy some products on your website. But it keeps freezing up . My plants are mostly indoors under good grow lights . They have stress colors . Some plants don’t have mites . I don’t know what is different about them . Please help me . Thank you 😊
Hi Jennifer, we're sorry to hear that you were having issues with our website. Your best bet would be to contact our Customer Care Team at either hello@advancingecoag.com or 800-495-6603 ext 344 so that they can advise you on how to manage these pests and help you with product selection. Good luck! - The AEA Team
While I agree with most, I have difficulty believing a japanese beetle is eating my roses because they are dying. They are in great shape have high brix and I have been using permaculture for over 10 yrs. Japanese beetle still a problem.
@@subtropicalpermaculture Tile I clicked on says "Why insects do not (and cannot) attack healthy plants". Japanese Beetles, just for starters, have never respected this statement and still have to be plucked off all the time. Something does eat them, probably birds, occasionally, because you find glittery debris, but not in such a way that there is no need to interfere.
I like this presentation a lot. Excellent explanation towards the end on the reproductive stress. The Birx scale is a good indicator as well. All in all - great webinar!
My father has what I think is called wire worms that attack his garlic roots and which destroys the bulbs. Is there anything that you'd suggest on how to deal with this pest? Another slightly different problem than a pest is he always has severe problems with blight on his tomato plants. I know the fact that rototilling is and destroying the soil structure is definitely counter productive, I have at least convinced him to start planting rye in the fall, but haven't convinced him yet to go full no till. Serenade seems to help reduce it in my garden, mine doesn't get it as bad because I don't rototill much at all. Any suggestions other than keep trying to convince him no till is going to help him?
Hi Bryan, you have some great questions here. Your best bet would be to contact our Customer Care Team at either hello@advancingecoag.com or 800-495-6603 ext 344 so that they can advise you on how to manage these pesky pests. Thanks and good luck! - The AEA Team
you want to occasionally till your soil if your adding anything to amend it like compost. I dont know about wire worms... but as for blight, there are two main causes that i have seen. 1 is a disease, if thats the case you wont be able to plant tomatoes for years in that location. we had a case of blight on our farm caused by a plant virus that wiped out an entire crop of peppers and the government ordered us to destroy the crop and forbid farming for 5 years on that land of any peppers or related crops. the other cause is just a problem with the soil, to much acid, to little acid or some other nutritional deficiency.
@@islandwills2778 that's called crop rotation. Focusing on healthy soil will help with the disease problems. Someday I may be able to send some of my Dad's plants out for sap analysis and also convince him to convert to no-till.
Never knew about leaf Brix, until now. Very informative video, he should do more presentations, and a virtual one that’s live like on zoom or something. I am pursing my B.S at oregon state in crop and soil science specialized in agronomy but now I might want to go towards the horticulture degree just after this video.
Hi Paul Braga, thanks for your question! You may find this information from the BioNutrient Food Association to be particularly helpful: bionutrient.org/site/bionutrient-rich-food/brix - The AEA Team
@@AdvancingEcoAgriculture just checked the link you sent - wonderful. have a great one - from the Philippines where we cannot get a hold of your products haha huhuhuhu. blessings
My pecans are mostly around 12-14 brix. With a few coming back at 5ish. I’ve done a sap analysis but now I’m trying to find a ‘healthy’ nutrition range guide. Because at the moment it’s mostly just guessing. Does anyone know of any information on this?
I do not think it is all that deterministic. In my opinion it is more a matter of probability; the healthier your plants the less risk of fatal pest manifestations and vice versa.
it also depends on climate and what type of pests you may encounter. For example growing up we had a real problem with Colorado potato beetles because they were not a native pest, nothing would predate on them so you had to fight a constant war against them or risk having your potato plants become bug food. there was two main methods, there was a weed that they actually prefered over the potato so we would just let that weed grow whenever possible and the less fun method was inspecting each plant for the beetle and killing it and any eggs we found. This had to be done every other day for weeks to ensure that we killed enough of the population to protect our crops. And there is no way your going to convince me that our potato crops were unhealthy plants.
Please how can i make sustainable pasture for goat, humbolt co. NEVADA ( Winnemucca) All I have is sage cheatgrass and a couple types of mustards and several other desert plants like tumbleweed
The refractometer is mainly for testing the viscosity and ppm percentage of a solution in water. I have used them for testing machine oil coolant in water for cnc machines and oil viscosity is water soluble oils. There are many many uses for this tool.
This Brix stuff is all new to me, very interesting. I searched for this channel today after listening to Dr Thomas Dykstra on the Humaley podcast earlier today. Great work, thank you 👏🏻👍🏻
This is great info! I was curious as to what causes insects to eat the vegetation and you opened my mind to the fact that "insects don't feed on a healthy plant" WOW! That makes so much sense because every plant within the same vicinity is not being targeted so why is that one (IT's unhealthy), Who knew??🤔
Don't listen to the clown in the video. The sick plant has bugs because the bugs made the plant sick. lol The bugs aren't on the healthy plants because if they were, the plant wouldn't be healthy anymore. This clown has his cause and effect reversed.
Very interesting and informative. This idea that different insect types will arrive at different ranges of health in the plant may present a diagnosis opportunity here. For example, is it valid to give the plant a health range if you see a grasshopper munching on it as opposed to one of the low health stage insects?
If this is the case, then why is big corporate spraying the crops that we eat? These last couple of years have really been eye opening as to the system we live in.
My guess would be that since Emerald Ash Borers are non-native species, in order to survive they would have to go after the most suitable hosts they can find in a foreign environment; an act of desperation.
Found this because I am trying to have a discussion with someone about pest insect dietary habits and I am having trouble finding peer reviewed literature on the subject. Where can I find your peer-reviewed research on this? Why have I been unable to find any peer-reviewed research showing pest-insect dietary preference for "healthy" vs "unhealthy" plants? All I can see on researchgate is an article from 1995 that has nothing to do with insect behavior, digestion, or diet. Also...a nucleotide is not a protein??? What are you even talking about? A nucleotide is the monomer building block of nucleic acids (RNA/DNA). How am I supposed to take you seriously if you are mixing up basic biology? And what terminology are you using where "incomplete protein" and "complete protein" mean what you are saying? A protein is a distinct compound, once it is broken up, it is no longer a protein, it is a polypeptide chain. Complete and incomplete proteins are diet terminology referring to whether or not a food contains the 9 amino acids not produced in humans. Next, Are you suggesting because humans cannot digest cellulose, insects cannot digest cellulose? You just mentioned termites earlier, they consume and get nutrients from cellulose, as do some mammals like horses and cows...Or are you saying that just because humans cannot digest something there are things insects cannot digest? Perhaps you go into that later, but the structuring of that statement does not make for a cohesive idea when trying to make a point. Additionally, doesn't the fact that some insects can digest cellulose negate that setup a bit? Ie: Just because we can't digest something doesn't mean an insect cannot? Next next, How can you make a broad sweeping statement saying that GMO's cannot get a higher BRIX score than 10 with absolutely no data? A cute graphic is in no way sufficient to make such a claim. Ever. You provide no mechanism, no differentiation between GMO strains (herbicide resistant, insect resistant, disease resistant) region where it is grown, other environmental factors etc. "GMO" just means it is transgenic, it does not indicate any other factors. How does a plant's ability to produce Bt toxin (the same stuff sprayed on organic crops) affect it's ability to produce sugars? Please show data of a side-by-side comparison of a range of GMO, non-GMO, and maybe a comparable wild control BRIX scores controlled for nutrition and environment at the very least. The soybean aphid thing. That's a classic correlation does not imply causation right there. And you fail to say anything about aphids infesting organic crops which they absolutely do. Cool cherry-picking there. My gosh, I had to stop the video there. For someone who has a PhD, you are truly lacking in any data whatsoever to support any of your claims. Scratch that last part, you are lacking in any data period. Your's or anyone else's. If I showed a presentation like this to my PI, I would probably be told I should consider a change in career trajectory. This is in no way shape or form science. You seem very proud of your "heretical" ideas and sticking it to the "trolls" but science is about collaboration, rigorous data collection and analysis, and confirmation. I see none of that here.
Where I used to live, I had the healthiest Concord grape vine n a very healthy rose vine and the Japanese beetles went after it every year, did the same thing in two different states. They were very healthy. This year I have the beetles going after the healthy giant elephant ears. They are healthy.
what are they going after. Takes a detection of an item to do science? Are you trimming the plants are they being attack when blooming, have you tried the brix scale healthy could be good for a grass hopper but for a beetle it could be after the water. Welcome to understanding the environment. Any one that owns a pool knows how many beetles end in a pool trap.
Incredibly useful information. Thank you! One question: our team works in the humid tropics and leaf cutter ants are a major problem; I wonder how we might apply these patterns to these insects that harvest leaves in order to produce a fungi. Is it conceivable that a higher Brix in this case would actually make the leaves more desirable for these ants? Do you know of any research related to this topic? Thank you!
Why would you compare a tree which is supposed to grow to say 20m to a shrub which is supposed to grow to say 3m? If a tree reaches its 20m it is likely to be healthy. If a shrub remains at 1m it is not happy. So height IS an indicator within the same species. As are vibrant coloured green leaves (of whatever shade they are supposed to be) an indication of healthy plants. Leaf colour will indicate nutrient deficiencies in the soil or other environmental stresses- like too cold/wet.
This was amazing and informative! I'm also learning a lot about Dr. Elaine Ingam's Soil Food web and this ties in incredibly well with it. I have a few questions based n this seminar: 1) The Pine Beetle was introduced to Northern British Columbia and has since been devastating native pine forests. Does this mean that our native forests are in fact not healthy? or could it be that the beetles aren't designed to kill the trees but are perhaps carrying a disease which then goes on the infect the trees? 2) Slugs & Snails! Although they aren't insects, would they also be chewers? If not, at would level of brig would the prefer to feast at? 3) Could a UV light be installed in a green house to make up for the fact the glass absorbs the majority of it? or would that also have separate aid affects being that it is artificial? Thank you so much Dr. Dykstra! I learned a lot and will definitely be looking into more of our research!
I think there's a few more things going on here that this video may not cover entirely or, as is said, this is a more general lecture on the relationship between insect predation and brix. It appears there are insects that are so specially adapted to certain plants that they eat these plants regardless of brix or plant health. I'm thinking about Monarchs being entirely dependent upon milkweed species and will completely defoliate plantings. In this instance, I believe it's an adaptation (genetic) that is the result of over many years of coevolution. In the instance of invasive species that seem to nearly entirely devastate native pine forests, I wonder if this is the cause of a tree having been so specialized to living in its local ecology that they became genetically uniform and lack genetic diversity and promiscuity to adapt to these new predators. I think this is alike to what happened with the American Chestnut and American Elm. Yet, efforts to hybridize the American Chestnut using genetics from Asian varieties (which resist the blight) have proved to create offspring with traits that are resistive to the Asian blight and yet maintain qualities similar to the American Chestnut. Another thing to think about is the difference between quantitative and qualitative defenses. A good example is from The Nature of Oaks by D. Tallamy in which he describes how milkweeds contain a compound that is extremely toxic to most insects and so is a qualitative defense, albeit one the monarch overcame and used to make themselves toxic. He then describes how oak tannins are toxic to many of the species that eat oak leaves but only at high levels (quantitative) as they prevent protein synthesis. So many of the insects which eat oak leaves have to wait periodically to detoxify before eating more. The way in which Dr. Dykstra describes how high brix literally crystalizes aphids and yet aphids pray upon plants with lower brix levels makes it seem like brix are a quantitative defense. Perhaps some insects are able to continue praying upon high brix plants by periodically detoxifying by some means. I am on the mental train of genetics and promiscuity being extremely important in adaptation and genomic expression. These thoughts have been encouraged by reading Landrace Gardening by Joseph Lofthouse. In frim belief that abundance is nature and to love what survives, Lowell
1) Absolutely. No one who works in those forests can tell you they are healthy ecosystems. The same improper re-planting, and fire suppression that contribute to the record breaking fires contribute to the Pine Beetle and Western Spruce Budworm outbreaks.
The pine Beetle is native to BC it was introduced to BC . The beetle played an I lots t role in the eco system they would attack and kill pines and trees and actually make the forest a healthier ecosystem. However over logging improper replanting and warming winters are the cause of the outbreak, the beetles used to be killed off as much as 90%, wouldn't survive the winter but it doesn't stay cold enough long enough to achieve those numbers. When populations of beetles are low trees are able to defend and suppress an attack by producing a toxic resin. As more beetles come to a healthy tree, its natural defenses are overwhelmed. Epidemic population levels decline only when all large pine trees are weakened or dead. During gallery construction, fungal symbionts carried by beetles in specialized pockets in one of the mouthparts are introduced to the trees. The fungi colonize the inner bark and sapwood, interrupting tree function and defence in addition to changing the moisture and chemistry of tree tissues in which insects are developing. The fungi sporulate in pupal chambers and new adults feed on the spores before emerging and dispersing to a new host tree.
This video is so full of concepts I've previously only scratched the surface of, I'm looking forward to a better cognitive day so I can process it all!
This is one of the best lectures about plant health and what I now believe to be best method in IPM. Are the non digital brix refractometers worth using until i get a digital? And what are the best methods for soil health for an indoor pepper grow with LED lights
Hi Anti-PopFPV, you may find this information helpful: bionutrient.org/site/bionutrient-rich-food/brix Typically, the biggest difference is considered to be the ease of use. We hope this is helpful. - The AEA Team
i have found this video a very useful eyeopener. I've grown tomatoes and peppers beautifully for years with no insect pests and even I have wondered why. I just tell people who ask me I think my plants have high disease /pest resistance because I use home made compost, pinch and prune dead leaves etc. Watching this video has taught me each group of insects have the food they eat and most eat overipe fruits or broken leaves. Thanks so much for this lengthy and very informative video . Secondly thanks for that lecture on the aphids. They call the ants unto my cherry tree. I always wondered why aphids have sugary poo, now I know it's to stop them being candied....THE GREEDY GREEDY OVEREATERS. i HAVE TO BATTLE THE ANTS OFF MY CHERRIES AND MY ROSES.
Why no peer-reviewed published data proving this thesis? Maybe the tropical rainforest is an intelligent ecosystem, whereas a farm or garden is not, so insects are not kept in balance, and are forced to eat whatever they can.I take from your thesis that if food availability was low, grasshoppers will just starve themselves rather than attack a high-brix crop.
> Why no peer-reviewed published data proving this thesis? I call that "scientism". Whereby you deny what your every-day experience tells you, in favor of an army-of-words from strangers.
@@rabbitcreative I was thinking the same thing and just made a sarcastic remark about that elsewhere in this comment section. Thanks for pointing out the huge elephant in the room regarding those kind of statements.
@@rabbitcreative quite the opposite, my every day experience tells me that insects DO attack healthy plants, so I'm quite a skeptic with regards to this claim. If there were experiments and data supporting it, I would be less skeptical. I don't think thats Scientism....
Hello! We appreciate all the discussion that has been centered around this webinar. After an internal review, we have decided to update the title to more accurately reflect the content of the webinar. While the original title was misleading, the content and information in Dr. Dysktra’s presentation remains accurate. Thank you for watching!
This was a great presentation and being an organic home gardener (for a long time now) I can certainly vouch for the overall point that insects don't target healthy plants. So the healthier your plants are the less chance they will be eaten or the life sucked out of them. However, there is a group of insects that do target healthy plants and were not mentioned (I think) in this presentation and that is stinging fruit flies such as the Mediterranean and Queensland fruit flies not to be confused with fermentation fly which was detailed by Dr Thomas. Both of these insects sting unripe and ripening and ripe (just ready to pick) fruits like tomatoes, strawberries, mangoes, cucumbers, etc and lay an egg in the fruit which hatches into a maggot that eats and rots the fruit from the inside. This is a tough pest to control organically and often netting or bagging the fruit is the only way. Anyway, I thought I would mention this possible exception to the rule for interest's sake but apart from that from my experience I totally agree with the overall premise that healthy plants are much less likely to be targeted by pests and that's why I rarely ever need to use even a home remedy organic spray in our garden. Cheers :)
And you should see his gardens! And orchard too... really go see. Hi Mark. Send some of that rain west please? > Tom's wife Pam
I totally agree Mark. My healthy cucumbers and cantaloupe are being decimated by beetles, which are feeding on my nearby watermelon leaves. I have lost over 40 of them so far. I have just discovered Neem oil, which seems to be working a treat. 😎😎
hi Mark, I'm a big fan of your channel. It would be really interesting if you could do a video on testing your produce with a Brix meter. It's my hunch that our naughty qld fruit fly may only target fruit that is from lower brix plants/trees. His mention of strict no-till contributing to low brix made me wonder if that's the case for some of our fruit trees.
Thank you for sharing your experience, Self Sufficient Me! It's always great to have input from others on such a captivating topic :)
- The AEA Team
Self sufficient me you're amazing, I follow your videos, I guess that's probably why I'm seeing this now. 🤗🙂
Some nonsense here too. Insects eat any plant they can digest. A healthy ECOSYSTEM is what keeps insects in smaller numbers. Many monoculture plants are more vigorous and healthy than their wild counterparts because they have no competition. I have seen sickly plants barely touched by pests while healthy ones were eaten- the tomato is a very good example. Hornworms thrive in healthy gardens but in gardens with plenty of birds and parasitic wasps the hornworms barely make a dent. In a pine forest only sick pine trees are eaten while the healthy ones fight them off. healthy trees have a network of fungi and bacteria that make it harder for the bugs to multiply. Sawflies tend to eat healthier trees but the birds in a healthy ecosystem eat them fast. My garden was plagued by june bugs for years, but once ducks settled in the june bugs are all but gone.
The measuement presented of how to determine plant health is something I have never seen before. Good information on soil bacteria, I have seen first hand how the use of herbicides destroys fertility. GMO crops always fail when in a wild environment if plants cannot breed they will become extinct. As a Floridian myself it is interesting how you explained why my bananas tast so different than store bought. Same with the tomatoes. My gardens have no weeds and have not for over 20 years. health soil and gardens do not allow weeds to exist it seems,
What we call "weed" are just soil-repair plants, which thrive in unbalanced soils.
"Weeds" repair soils, by binding nutrients the soil lacks.
Here they are talking about particular plants. When photosynthetic plants become unable to transport magnesium ions - then the bacteria and fungi move in.
different plants attract different insects, so actually if you plant your vegetable garden and don't remove the other plants, the insects will not damage the vegetable plants so much, but your vegetables won't be as big and great in numbers, that is the problem....greed, always has always will be
I do not see any nonsense in this video.
Finally, someone with some scientific sense.
As a budding botanist I found this massively informative and helpful. I don’t usually like long and extended yt videos but I’m thankful I listened. I guess I’m that kinda of foolish yt viewer but not today! I feel upgraded through my listening thanks to you. Good job guys. My thanks are infinite.
Thank you for sticking around, Phill "RAwr" Mckrackerlaken. We're really glad to hear that you enjoyed this webinar and that you were able to get some useful takeaways out of it. Good luck, budding botanist!
- The AEA Team
Same as me. I've grown tomatoes beautifully for years no insect pests and even I have wondered why. I just tell people who ask me I think my plants have high disease /pest resistance because I use home made compost. Watching this video has taught me each group of insects have the food they eat.
@@AdvancingEcoAgriculture😂😂😂
The information found in this video is worth it’s weight in gold. Thank you so much for putting it together. I will use this info for caring for my orchard.
We're so glad to hear that you enjoyed it. Thanks for watching!
- The AEA Team
I'm Brazilian and a work with 100% biologic farm and this video have good information
only just found this vid, as a avid gardener i had noticed insect went for not as healthy, but i was not aware that it had to do with the sugars, and never herd of brix, so thank you for posting this talk
Me too. But I've heard of Brix before. Didn't know sugars are in the leafs though. I was taught that it had to do with the natural insecticides that plants can create/contain. And that insects die eating healthy plants, so they go after the stressed plants instead because their natural 'defense' is weakened.
Screen name, and avid gardner goes hand and hand. What's your take on russet mites? Sick plant, healthy plant, makes no difference. Once they dig in, the show's over.
How do you explain that Locusts destroy every living plant in their path?
Brilliant podcast, many thanks :-) I know from experience, every word of this is true. Even after 30 years experience as a gardener, it's great to be reminded and have my observations confirmed. There's too much misleading information about, encouraging people to look for quick but short term fixes that often prove to be more distructive long term. Observation, patience and dedication to care to learn from how nature works and working with it, gives long term solutions and success. Listening to such a well presented and in-depth analysis on this subject has taught me a great deal, for which I'm very grateful :-)
Hi C.R. Hall, thank you for sharing your experiences. We're very happy to hear that you enjoyed this webinar!
- The AEA Team
Sounds interesting, but something doesn't add up because I watched the emerald ashbore kill ever single ash tree on an entire mountainside over a period of a few years. No more ash trees. Only saplings. But how long before they are killed? How could they ALL be unhealthy?
I am a certified arborist. I planted 4 carolina cherry laurels in an identical fashion. None of them had shown any appreciable insect damage after about 4 months post-planting. I went on vacation and forgot to put the watering timer on. One of the four plants receives a bit more sunlight. All 4 were parched, but the one with more sunlight had significantly more scorched leaves. I saved them all, however for the next several months now the only one now showing insect damage is the one which had the worst scorching (i.e. greatest stress). They are all putting out new leaves since they scorched, but the new and surviving leaves on the less-scorched three show little to no insect damage. They are planted 5 about 10 feet apart in the same planter.
How tall are your trees at this time and what are insects doing to them during harvest time?
This information helped me so much to get a better understanding of the balance, This year I've had a Thrips explosion on my houseplants and in one night I've stopped them dead in there tracks just by adjusting the calcium lvls, all the leaves are back to a shining shimmer. thx so much
Sounds similar to Antoine Bechamp's notion that "bad germs" don't exist in a healthy body (healthy terrain). Cheers.
they do exist, but they are not activated
No, "bad germs" do not exist at all. Most of the cells in and on our bodies are microorganisms. Certain bacteria, fungi, and parasites are Mother Nature's recyclers. Like with plants, these creatures multiply and feast on whatever makes us sick and/or whatever body part is sick. Other "healthy" bacteria help us with many things such as to digest and absorb the nutrients from food.
V i r u s e s are bogeymen humans created to blame for whatever illnesses. Scientists have never been able to take only the tiny "v i r u s" particles, which they claim cause a disease, and recreate it in a healthy host. They always have to use a toxic mixture to do it. The real culprit is manmade poison. Imagine all the revenues and profits that would be lost if we ever started admitting we've been sickening our own species.
@@chronos401 you sounded like you were about to talk some sense but then you said something which should mean that nobody gets sick unless an evil scientist does saucery. bad germs and good germs are all just value judgements that we make on organisms depending on our opinion of them at the time. some are mostly deleterous to our efforts and some are essential for our survival, but, any organism could conceivably cause a problem for a person if it is in the wrong place or state an elephant is a pest if it is standing on you. or eating your entire season's harvest. but we love elephants, they are good.
well if they exist in your body and you are healthy, then technically they cant be that bad. if we define 'healthy plants' as plants that are not being eaten by insects, then the clickbait claim is true, but not a useful way to think about it. this video doesnt even do that.
Plants and human physiology works remarkably similarly by DESIGN.
Blood has iron molecule at center chlorophyll has magnesium, because plants don't move ...
So cool john does these and shows gods creation.
Chlorophyll closely resembles our red blood cells. Hemoglobin is the pigment that gives our blood its red color, as well as its oxygen-carrying capacity. The hemoglobin of the red blood cell and the Chlorophyll of the plant are virtually identical in molecular structure, with the only difference being the center atom.
It's so awesome to be able to learn this, as a hobbyist gardener with no background at all in soil science.
Does this topic also apply to host plants like milkweed for monarchs and dill for swallowtails? Does the mom butterfly look for a stressed plant (low brix) or a super health (high brix) that is packed with nutrition [for the new larva to feed on (added)]. Perhaps this is the exception to the premise that strong health plants can withstand all that chewing.
great day! great question!
@Kevin DeLisle are they considered insects? 🤔
High brix content makes the bugs drunk as they do not have a pancreas to convert sugar to energy. Sugar ferments and creates alcohol making the silly bug food for the birds. I am sure butterflies have a method to understand the sugar levels like an inbuilt refractometer.
Locust perhaps is a better example.
I tend to dismiss absolutists claims that say everyone is wrong except me and a few handpicked others. So I lasted 20 seconds
I think you are confusing eating the plant itself, with drinking the nectar or pollen etc.
Butterflies don't eat the plants...
How about cabbage moth larvae? Do the moths never lay eggs in amazingly healthy broccoli & kale plants, kohlrabi, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts, and of course cabbage?
I guess I have never seen a single healthy plant in my life. I have never known a plant that snails/slugs won't chew on or where hornets won't chew on leaves.
To truly prove this you would need to get a cultivar, variety or hybrid that's is known to be prone to insect attack and then by increasing its brix show that none will attack it, otherwise this is speculation and hypothesizing.
In my opinion and experience resistance is tied to genetics and genetic environment interaction. I've grown different varieties of corn, as many as 20 concurrently, and one can definitely see this effect when even sap analysis show them all to be in the same range. Some will have insect attack it, others won't and some would be in between.
In nature there ate very few things that are absolute, to issue a blanket statement such that "all insects " act and react to brix this way is to dismiss evolution. Insects and plants are constantly in an arms race to outcompete each other, which drives in part this evolutionary process. So genetics is a main contributor to this, the reason why as you said in natural landscape plants are not attacked overwhelmingly by insects, they have evolved with this insects and why invasive insect overwhelmingly attack them, they didn't coevolved with them.
Agricultural plants have not evolved in this scenario fighting off insects, instead have coevolved with us, and as such r have baby them as we would children protecting them and overriding their need to evolve defenses against insect and as such make them weaker which is in part what domestication entails, their dependence on us.
That's the difference between wild plants and crops, two very different upbringings. Same reason why a mutt is healthier than a breed dog.
take a microbial bioassay. u will get ur answer
@@theplantopinion8189 a microbial assay on what?
@@dietrevich probably your dirt
how can you still be sceptical of the hypothesis, when there are so many examples in this video of instances which do not falsify it?
beansdork (unless you were being ironic) the problem is with instances that do falsify it
I am currently taking a Master Gardener course through my state University Extension Center. We have not touched upon ANY of this in either the entomology or the plant sections. Thank you for this valuable information.
We're so glad that you enjoyed this discussion, BonnieBlue! Thanks for watching :)
- The AEA Team
Master gardeners only discuss science-backed facts and recommendations. If they don't discuss it, there's no science behind it. If they don't know about it, tell them and the university professors will look into it. Companies reach out to them all the time trying to get them to endorse their stuff. If they still don't discuss it, the science was flawed.
This looks like a pretty easy claim (title of the video) to test. I'd be humored to see this guy test the brix of a plant to be let's say a score of 15 in the morning. Then place aphids near it and see the aphids eat it at let's say noon. And then claim the brix of the plant changed since the morning time. But this wouldn't happen cuz you can test the plant while it's getting eaten. So I'm looking forward to the next video that goes over the various insect-to-plant tests that have been conducted with a nodding master gardener scientist in the room, and I hope the whole defensive intro to this video is left out because it's not needed and doesn't make sense anyway, that is, the claim that food scraps aren't human food.
@@Mike-ki7zt so the aphids would have to be planted on the high brix plant? I think the idea is that insects target unhealthy pants, so your "experiment" does nothing to invalidate the claim
This is conspiracy stuff, don't use TH-cam as a source for information, too many back yard scientists who make too much stuff up. This is nonsense. This is also the issue with TH-cam, anyone can make a video claiming anything and brainwash a generation. They do this for click, (money). Not to teach you something. This is also why your university will not allow you to cite TH-cam as a source. If it was truly ground-breaking, he would have a live audience not trying to convince a bunch of click baited idiots on TH-cam :)
Last summer I began using compost teas and extracts with very good results. I’m enrolled in the SoilFoodWeb school and have learned a lot from Dr. Elaine.. making quality compost was part of it. I’ve been a no till home gardener for over ten years, but always plagued by slugs in my garden mulch, and they decimated my bush beans by late fall. This year the fall beans had almost no damage. Is it sensible to attribute this to a higher brix in the beans? I watered the plants several times with compost extract. Anyone have thoughts on this. Much appreciated. Thank you John, Dr. D et al.
This is so great to hear, Garth Wunsch! It sounds like you're certainly making steps in the the right direction and your beans are thankful for it :)
- The AEA Team
Thank you so much for this presentation! I've been growing fruit trees, vegetables, flowers and especially roses most of my life organically and only very occasionally had any problems. Neighbours comment on why my plants are not infested with bugs as I don't spray or add anything but natural fertilizer to them. Compacted soil. Yes. Thank you for pointing that out, I will keep an extra eye out for this. And finally I know now why my indoor plants in winter are not doing too great. UV. Oh, I'm learning all the time and I will be sure to watch ALL of the videos on this channel AND I will buy such a BRIX device for measuring. Thank you again so much! Greetings from Andalucia/Spain.
Hi Antje, we're very happy to hear that you were able to learn new information from this webinar. Thank you for your feedback and for watching our content!
- The AEA Team
I have heard aphids are attracted to plants over fertilized with nitrogen.
Normally the case. I have stopped using excessive amounts of nitrogen and seen them all disappear
Those tender, fast-growing shoots attract insects for sure!
I’ve done so and experimented by adding more after calming the aphids infestations and they come right back. When you over fertilize in something it usually attracts a hungry critter
They sucks the nitrates and nitrites from the leaves.
I think its ammonical nitrogen. I know ammonia attracts them
Thank You so much for the info, I will need to listen to it again because I'm new to gardening this is my 4th time doing a garden but my first time doing it in my own backyard. I still have A LOT TO LEARN.
Hi Eva Borbon, thanks for sharing! We're very happy to hear that this webinar has been helpful for you. Stay tuned :)
- The AEA Team
I would love to read the studies that Dr. Dykstra has conducted on this subject, especially those that show pesticides reducing brix levels across a diversity of crop species. I cannot seem to find any of his study reports, journal articles, or conference abstracts. I would love to replicate some of his studies in the crops I work in!
What about grasshoppers? They seem to like the green vegetation better. So do they only eat unhealthy plants or the healthy ones?
The video answers this. Grasshoppers will indicate relatively healthy plants.
@sprock i have to keep reminding myself not to be upset about this video, because its not just the clickbait mis info. its the way it looks at first, like there are theories argued and evidence shown and experiments replicated and stuff, as though it was all sciencey. so i think i am going to learn something useful about insects or plants, and instead i learn that the most harmful of the misinformation about regenerative farming seems to be coming from its strongest proponents
@sprock if the techniques are based on dogma and superstition and people who want to sell instruments, then we are unlikely to be doing anything the best way. i am also looking for ways to improve my influence on our environment, and i like it when i find someone has done some science for a change.
I was amazed by the taste of my home grown tomatoes and okras. So sweet and delicious.
I was not aware of the relationship between Brix value and pest pressure on the plant. That was interesting. I am a microbiologist and have previously worked in the Ag sector. I may be able to explain why there is a poor reading for GMOS: given that it takes 10+ years to bring GMOS to the market, the technology is only used for high volume crops which are grown in monoculture with heavy equipment. This form of agriculture depletes the soil severely. The poor soil can certainly explain the poor brix readings.
If regulators would make it easier for GMOS to enter the market, then we would have many more options available, that can be feasible grown in a small farm setting with better soil. In this Environment, the brix should be much higher in the plants. Until we have healed the soil, we can use GMOS to make plants resistant to pests without having the need to spray pesticides that kill bacteria in the soil. Many people would like to solve that problem with biologics.
There are some benefits of GMOS over biologics. One example is the fact that nematodes are an important part of the soil microbiome. Some nematodes are plant pests, others are beneficial for the soil. If you have a nematode resistant GMO, then you will only kill the nematodes that try to eat the plant roots. If you apply biologics to the soil to solve the problem, you are killing all nematodes, including the beneficial ones.
Biologics are however very important when you want to improve nutrient circulation in the soil, I.e. by providing nitrogen fixing bacteria.
The big thing we have to focus on is improving overall soil health. This can be done in many ways.
One unrelated aspect that may be worth considering in this discussion is the enormous amount of agricultural area used to feed livestock. It is a very inefficient use of land and thus plays a big role in the question of exhausted soils. If we reduce our animal products consumption, we can afford to use more sustainable methods, on our agricultural land. As long as we need to feed all those animals in factories, we will have a tough time, switching to more sustainable methods and feeding our population…
Maybe if we return the animals to the land eating vegetation we will improve the soil health...
@@lcunningham1776 it is possible to improve soil health by letting wild animals graze or by using specific grazing strategies with livestock. We can however not move to a system where we only eat pasture raised animals at our current average meat consumption. Pasture raised livestock simple needs too much space, which we don’t have. I went vegan because I wanted to be more environmentally friendly. Some people ask me, why I didn’t just stop eating factory farmed meat and continued eating pasture raised meat? As a matter of fact, pasture raised meat is worse for the environment than factory farmed meat. It requires more space, which leads to deforestation. Factory farmed cows get often slaughtered at 14 months, whereas pasture raised ones get slaughtered at 22 months. Due to this longer lifespan, the pasture raised meat created more methane and more CO2 per pound of meat.
While theoretically on a per pound of meat basis, factory farmed meat is more environmentally friendly, the mixture of economies of scales and ridiculous amounts of subsidies make it so cheap that meat consumption goes through the roof. The added consumption is too much for our planet to handle.
In order to have a chance to get a healthy planet, we need to immediately stop all subsidies for animal agriculture. In addition to that, consumption of animal products has to go way down.
If we can manage that, we can start reforestation projects in some areas.
Improving soil quality needs to happen simultaneously. In some areas, animal can be helpful here, in others, we may want to use other strategies, like clever crop rotation or simply rewinding of the land for a few years, until it is used for food production again.
Thank you for sharing, Sebastian Doerfert, we appreciate your input!
- The AEA Team
@@sebastiandoerfert8668 Sigh. You are just repeating the globalist narrative. The Vegan diet is NOT sustainable. Your neurons have deteriorated.
@@sebastiandoerfert8668 are you factoring in the land needed for feed, for factory raised animals? Are you factoring in the logistical carbon impact of the feed? Are you factoring in the soil health of the feed land compared to a properly run pasture farm? There are many more factors than this.
Your formulas for what is good for the environment needs to encompass the entirety of affects.
When I first planted my flowers from seed June bettles ate alot of them. They were perfectly healthy babies. When I turned off my yard lights they stopped. They grew back and spiders moved in now they don't get any damage 😂 the spiders eat all the bugs I love it. I do have some minor leaf miner damage though on a couple of leafs.
Thats a girl!
If you have an ecosystem that can support spiders then you have non spider problems, like in the house
Mosquitos, flies
I just like saying this so more spiders prevent Malaria!
In our battle against predators to the human body!
I'll fix yer flowers
When I bought this place, it had a LOT of non-native decorative plants and they were constantly having issues with insects. I cut them all out and replaced them with native plants and problems solved. They were inviting the invasive insect species that are also non-native to where I live and have no native predators. With those gone, the orchards and grapes have started producing better as well, with bigger and more vigorous growth and fruit. I also don't have a mono-culture yard. I let clover and dandelions do their work, then die back naturally. Works like a charm.
thats interesting. i have been attracting spiders and praying mantis to my plants by attracting flying insects that they then feed on
This guy need to do more videos he's got a inquisitive mindset and true scientist. Great presentation blew my mind when you said we love numbers. real 58
We're so glad you enjoyed this discussion, Chris Holding. Thanks for watching!
- The AEA Team
What about the emerald ash borer that decimated almost all the ash trees in the Midwest. They are invasive from Asia
Regarding fruit flies, in my home garden it is quite clear the fruit fly lay their eggs in both fruit approaching ripeness as well as ripe or over ripe fruit. They don’t limit their attack to over ripe fruit. This comment applies to tomatoes and peaches which is what I grow. I have often picked fruit just prior to them being fully ripe and have brought them inside to try and avoid fruit fly but still ended up with maggots in the fruit.
They'll lay eggs, but they won't eat it until it's overripe
Raise your brix levels
Spotted-wing drosophila?
Cabbage root maggot?
Cherry fruit fly?
Blueberry maggot?
Aphids?
Scale?
Just wondering
I had beautiful mini red pepper plants, and gorgeous
Chrysanthemums. My very healthy garden plants were
attacked by aphids, and leaf eater bugs. How "perfect"
do plants have to be to not be eaten by insects? Your
premise is full of baloney. None of my garden had
plants that were dehydrated, sick, or anywhere near
"on their last legs". Grasshoppers will not eat sick
plants with dry, and dying brown leaves. Aphids
want plants with plenty of sweet juices to suck on.
Aphids won't eat dry plants (no nectar for them).
Man, this is exactly what I needed to listen to! Now everything makes sense. I was looking for an objective (not subjective) method of evaluating plant health and now I have found it.
This is great to hear, Brian Beck. Enjoy your observations! - The AEA Team
What an excellent presentation, thanks so much! This took a bunch of stuff I learned about in my horticulture studies and presented it from the insect perspective and with way more detail, heaps of "aha!" moments as it all clicked together. Really glad I got to watch this.
Thanks for watching, Tanya Gray! We're so happy to hear that you enjoyed it and that you were able to learn something from this webinar.
- The AEA Team
I say here, here, me too, Tanya. Thank you AEA team for what you have presented here. We are so blessed to have all the diverging opinions here as well. Shalom, sister.
Do these bugs use infra-red to see these low brix plants, what frequency do these differences show up?
Ok. I got through to the Q & A section. After listening to the whole thing, I’ve gained an appreciation for the presentation. The info on brix (bricks(?) was edifying. I still have a problem w/ the phraseology that insects “Can’t” eat healthy plants. All you have to do is find one one and the argument goes out the window.Species on species predation is opportunistic. Just like I am sure, one can find perfectly healthy humans, you. Can also find a species like Ebola that can attack as this healthy individual has no defense against it, so can you find a perfectly healthy plant w/ a brix reading of 18 that that has no natural defense against and that invasive species can dominate and decimate the ecosystem. I can see though how important your indicator is in plant health in different parts of a plants life cycle.
Yeah bugs might be swayed away from healthy plants but they 100% do. Hell, put them together in a closed place and I’m sure they will eat it eventually if not right away
As pure anecdote, it this very moment, July 14, 2022, I have two raised, 4'x8' garden beds in my back yard. I put the beds down and used oak tree leaves that were sitting in the back yard, composting, for 3 years, as a base. Next, I used grass clippings that I had dumped in small piles, starting just this year. Finally, I topped it off with about 30 bags of "putting soil" from our local supermarket, which coincidentally, smelled heavily of manure, with visible wood chips mixed in. We planted several veggies out there. Many didn't come up, the ones that have are absolutely breaking out of the garden beds. I have to prune the limbs to get them out of the yard so I can mow. When I cut them, water drips out, there are virtually no bug bites on the healthy plants. There are some plants that are struggling and they are severely bug bitten.
What's most interesting to me is, I have used ZERO fertilizer whatsoever, ZERO pesticide/insecticide, and ZERO weed control. Other than the Bermuda Grass that's popping up, from the ground, along the edges of the beds, there are ZERO weeds. That, I cannot understand. Why are there no weeds? I would think, in that rich soil environment, there would be weeds everywhere, but there are none.
So i just finished planting veg in my small front yard bed, trying to find out if these little toads need to get chased off or enticed to stay, and i come across this awesome podcast throwing my hindsight into sharp relief. Once you hear it so meticulously explained on layman's term, it's like, duh. Well maybe next year, because o just finished doing just about EveryThing wrong! Lol. You tube, a burden or a gift? Sooo much (unchecked) info, and you tend to belive the person who sounds the most confidant. You work so hard on your little patch of ground to get a family harvest, and worry and want to fix fix fix, broken or not, even when you know better, because you can't stand to lose! And that's just me and my little garden. What if my livelihood depended on my success? Geez. Thank you farmers for feeding us when we fail (and every other time as well), and thank you for the video. Excellent presentation.
Toads are awesome! They eat insects, not plants.
never chase away toads, or spiders for that matter.
Best tips I’ve found yet! New gardener, sew all the info helps us heaps! Thanks for posting this!
Shalom from Florida 🕊🪔🕊
We're glad you enjoyed it, Stacy! Thanks for watching :)
- The AEA Team
I have seen a locust swarm descend upon a healthy wheat field, and I can tell your categorically that they were eating every plant (healthy and non-healthy) that they landed upon.
Some insects may choose unhealthy plants, but locusts are defiantly not fussy.
Yes. This is utter bullshit. I watch butterflies lay caterpillar eggs on my healthy plants all day long. Junk science that flies in the face of observable reality.
@@nowwhereisthetruth2475 I'm going to play devils advocate here because discussion is good.
First off, homogenous cultures of wheat fields are most likely not healthy and modern agriculture uses all of the negative additives that he stated make a plant unhealthy to begin with, so a wheat field for example is almost certainly an unhealthy plant by his standards (hopefully you watched the video). Second of all this idea covers most but not every scenario. Plants and insects have evolved together, and healthy plants generally have ways to combat insect pests or they would be wiped out, he mentions several defense mechanisms. When you introduce an invasive species and the plant has no evolved defense mechanism, then this ideology will not apply (for example, emerald ash borer in the united states)
You're also both assuming your plants are healthy with no way to actually test or indicate that fact (He uses brix). A healthy looking plant isn't always healthy. Eggs being laid on a plant doesn't indicate it can't fight caterpillars either. Some of the plant has to be eaten in order for it to fend off the pest, a plant being lightly gnawed on by insects is not the same as one being demolished by them, and plant health plays a role in this. I have observed that myself, unhealthy plants often will succumb to insects and healthy nearby plants remain relatively untouched.
That being said, we shouldn't take what is said here as gospel or assume it applies to 100% of scenarios. I think there is some good info in the presentation regardless of whether you agree or disagree with the title.
@@BillyBigB I think you have a very limited view of how farming occurs.
@@dustinsmith8341 Perhaps :) I was of course referencing modern agriculture when speaking of farming, I assumed he's using some sort of pesticide/herbicide/fungicide etc and possibly GMO. There are of course other types of farming, but this is by far and away the most common.
Would you care to elaborate on your opinion?
@@dustinsmith8341 lol what, that's how it's done in 99% of the world
Great video! learned so much!
We're so glad that you found this to be informative, Ian Wise! - The AEA Team
I like how he thinks we should not play God; that seems to be a problem many people have, as though they have some right or duty to spray this or that poison for this or that reason but they don't actually know what they're talking about or what the consequences of their actions are beyond what they see themselves and point to.
@Thomas Pickens God put all things under man's dominion; there's nothing wrong with trying this or that, or making some new hybrid plant. What there is something wrong with, is for example how bill gates plans to "blot out the sun" so to speak, as if he knows best, and should use his power and control to do things which could have such far reaching effects as to theoretically disturb the natural order and cycle of the environment of millions and billions of people. The same thing applies with his vaccines, we could quite literally, though this is a stretch, but we could quite literally end up with what amounts to zombies as a result of such an experiment.
If someone wants to spray highly concentrated chemicals or mixtures thereof on their own property, they are welcomes to do it, but when you start pushing it onto other people through various means, then is it not wrong? And when people advocate for this or that to be done when they don't actually know what needs to be done, what can be said about those people? They are not experimenting with new weed control measures on land they own, they are trying to convince others to do something which may or may not be a good thing to do.
@@iretonjeff2559 you could even say you dont know
@@CC-jy4gr what do you mean?
@Thomas Pickens repent and turn to the Lord.
@Thomas Pickens what is bizarre, point it out please.
Most Excellent. Thank you from an employee with the USDA and New York State Department of Agriculture & Markets.
It's our pleasure, Melvin Medina! Thank you for watching and for [hopefully] incorporating some of this information into the work you're doing!
- The AEA Team
I think that, as with basically anything in this world, things aren't that simple, things usually aren't this black or white, there's definitely a nuance at play.
For example, it might be that, ill plants give off certain volatilites that insects can pick up, which signal the presence of a given species of plant (the air is astoundingly saturated of biochemical signals we just aren't suited to pick up), which certain species of insects have evolved to feed off when something is wrong with them (for example, boring insects are very attracted to injured palm trees, because at the center of their trunk lies a very nutritious tissue).
Diseased and/or injured plants thus, may just merely have their most nitrient rich tissues more exposed and/or vulnerable, so insects veer towards them because it is an easier meal (most insects can't bore their way inside a plant, it is too well armored, so they go for softer parts, such as leaves). It's not that healthy plants cannot represent a meal to them as well, for the variable at play is the exact same as predators going for the weak, easy kill.
Oh but boring insects (such as termites), if given the chance (especially of they lack of predators, which deforestation causes), will definitely chew up an entire, healthy plant no problem.
White flies decimated my Swiss Chard quickly. The whole row went from as crisp and lovely as could be to completely ruined inside of a weeks time. Next the broccoli, trashed it all. They didn't seem very interested in the collard greens until mid December when there was precious little else after a couple of hard freezes. Not long after it warmed up a little I noticed the collards which had been peacock proud were looking a little wilted. Lo and behold, the little bastards are swarming the collards now that they've sweetened up real nice. Just tuned into the video and I'll hear you out but from the start, I'm not buying the no competition bit at all. Now that I think about it, there is a nasty brown caterpillar worm that seems to fancy my favorite variety of tomatoes as well. Out of the five types I planted it seemed to only go after the beef steak but if I wanted any of them I had to harvest them while they were still green or I was late to the dance. They burrow in deep and make a mess out of them long before they are even half ripe.Suffice to say I haven't been applying anything onto the foliage and while I have used some small amount of fertilizer I generally just top dress with compost.
Does all this apply to the cabbage moth? or should I just buy row covers?
Dyna trap. ... place it away from the garden to draw the moths away. Then avoid any competing light . Also don't work in the garden at night even with a green light. During rainy spring season apply nematodes to the garden soil keep wet for at least 3 days
Best of luck✌🙂
Buy row covers
Row covers will be my answer for a non chemical approach!
Curiously I was able to observe a radically different behavior of caterpillar "attack" to my Portuguese cabbage. That happened in two very different scenarios. In fact in two very different countries altogether! ;-)
#1 - In Portugal at almost 600m altitude place. In a piece of land that had been a farm but at least for the prior 4/5 years have been "abandoned" in terms of regular farming practices!
So the cabbage was left to it's own (wild!!) Among a ridiculous amount or other herbs, grasses, weeds, etc. The best way to describe it, is that I couldn't SEE the cabbage among all else! With many grasses reaching about chest height!
That's how flooded it was by let's call it "competition"! It had a (very) few dead branches. Several old/dried leaves. But was incredibly healthy and curiously no insect stress/attack! I was able to eat a lot of it! Simply delicious! 😋
Worth mention there was also, on the land, all sorts of insects, birds, mice, cats, dogs and even fox wondering around!
#2 - In South Norway at almost sea level. Seeds from the same mother plant! In spite of my well trimmed garden. Garden beds with good soil and compost (both commercial and home made). Mulch, etc. First year I pretty, much lost all of them to insects pressure! No cabbage planted on the second year.
Third year (this year) I eat a lot of cabbage from my production! BUT, Jeez! It looked like a bobbin lace!! From which I just eat what the insects left over for me! LOL 😂 Although perfectly edible, the taste was nothing to brag about and the looks where close to awful.
If looking only to eat clean/undamaged cabbage leaves. I'm confident to say with such criteria I wouldn't be able to eat a single leaf... That's from almost 8/9 plants! Results vary some were lost. ALL of the kales and cabbages were severely attacked by insects, mostly caterpillar and slugs!
this is completely antithetical to my experience as an IPM director for large scale cannabis production. i have a million questions and would love to meet you and discuss this somehow. thanks for the brain food!
Such an informative talk. I finally now understand about Brix levels. We've had our orchard for 8 years and nobody has ever explained it properly. Avocado leaves are very difficult to get any "juice" out of so I lost interest trying to check Brix levels but will keep perservering. I'd love you to do a talk specifically targeting avocado one day soon, just saying :)
Absolutely extraordinary presentation. I have witnessed the brix effect on the plants. But only now, have I fully understood what was going on.
Thanks for sharing this gem.
great presentation! even for a beginner gardener like me perfect needed education, the only suggestion right now would be how to balance the various heavy nutrients that potentially conflict with one another for plants that need diffrent PH levels, thank you.
Thanks for watching, G D. We also appreciate your suggestion for a future discussion!
- The AEA Team
What about leaf miners?
If a piece opens with "The scientist that keeps telling all other scientists in his field that they are wrong, but they won't listen", the odds are overwhelming that you have hit a piece of pseudoscience. An industry might have problems with new information and want to suppress it; science however will pretty much always be open to new ideas. If your findings are ignored or even actively resisted by other scientists in your field, your stuff probably doesn't make sense. Remember that anyone with an above average brain and some dedication and money can get a title, it's not a guarantee you are still always doing science afterwards.
There are literally millions of insect species that all have different roles; some will eat healthy plants, others failing ones, and again others dead plants. Redefining all plants that are preyed upon as 'unfit' or 'failing' just renders fitness meaningless. It's a circular argument. If a plant's fitness is defined by it being eaten or not, you have a theory that will ALWAYS PROVE ITSELF (it is eaten, thus unfit and should have been eaten) and CANNOT BE DISPROVEN nor can it predict future events. Not science.
Extra info: I studied philosophy of science in university as part of my philosophy studies.
And some anecdotal evidence contradictory to this piece: aphids and caterpillars always seem to hit the healthiest plants, I rarely see them on failing ones. I actually see them as a sign that my plants are doing well. These insects totally compete with me for food, they for example eat my cabbages before I can. I have no clue what this guy is talking about when he says we don't compete with insects for food. Has he ever had a veggie garden?
Wait until you discover the pharmaceutical industrial complex. The wide world of journals refusing to publish results like Iver mectin’s efficacy just to quietly confirm it years later. $cience is by no means the beacon of truth and fairness you seem to think it is.
If only you'd watched until 17:40, you would understand that you've made a strawman argument against Thomas.
He first explains how people will unwittingly use Anecdotal observations to determine a plants health, then goes on to explain how a plant can *look* healthy yet have low dissolved sugar/minerals in its sap, and therefore be determined to be, yes, unhealthy. He then explains how a refractometer allows us to make this measurement and thus determine the *actual* health of the plant by measuring how much sugar/mineral content the sap contains.
It's interesting how defensive people get when they hear that they are probably growing low quality produce instead of buying a refractometer, measuring the actual health their plants are achieving, and then learning how to correct the situation to grow healthy produce. To each their own, I guess.
the bit about the store bought tomatos rung so true to me. i used to think thats just what tomatos tasted like but after i started organic gardening annd growing my own healthy organic tomatos i realized how much actual flavour they have... why tomatos are called FRUIT and they actually ARE as sweet as fruits... i cant even eat store bought tomatos anymore because they are just tasteless. i dont eat tomatos at all in the wintertime (except for my sauces that i jar from the previous seasons tomatos) i have to wait til summertime and only eat my own homegrown ones.
im still a little lost on the topic though 'cause i know i always have healthy plants UNTIL the bugs start coming. squash bugs and vine-borers are the worst culprits i usually deal with. right now ive had huge healthy looking squash plants that are trailing out all over and putting out flowers and the beginnings of small growing squashes galore... super healthy as far as i can tell, honestly some of the biggest bodest looking plants ive had in a while and, while the bugs havent been AS big of an issue with them, i did see yesterday that the vine borers showed up. (i caught one big red borer-moth and found a few spots where small nearly microscopic borers were starting to chew and bore their way into the vine (i pulled them out where i could find them and sprayed the rest of the vines with thuricide)... but yea i honestly dont think the vine borers care how healthy the plant is. the 'borers' themselves are the larvae that would later turn into the moth. the moth lays their egg/larvae on the plant and wherever the egg hatches is where the borer will just start chewing its way inside the plant as soon as it hatches. then it devours the plant from the inside out if you dont catch it fast enough. if you dont notice them, the plant will look fine to begin with and all of a sudden wilt and die if the borer gets to chewing thru the main vine/stem. common 'beginner gardener' folly not to check for them. ive been organic gardening for years now and know to check for them and what to look for (small yellowy/orange 'chew holes' that kind of look like wet 'sawdust' coming out of the holes. ... you see that on your plants, gaurantee a borer is inside. ) they usually show up in late june to early july and you want to watch your plants closely , lift and and examine the vines and leaf stems to check for them because once they really get into the plant they are hard to remove and they do a lot of damage. (you literally have to do careful surgery on the plant to get them out! ... and they are super gross looking too lol. fat white smooshy grubs when they get big. when they're small its not a big deal tho i can barely see them but can look closely to find them and just smoosh em between my fingers.... cant smoosh them like that when they get big or i think i would gag lol.
Can anyone explain to me how the group of stored food pests aren't directly competing for food? That seems to totally undermine the thesis but it's just sort of glazed over.
@sprock his whole point was that "insects don't compete with us for food" though. I loved the video, but it doesn't start with a strong hypothesis.
Its ok to say that sometimes insects compete with us for food. There are like... a lot of them.
@sprock in the beginning 10 minutes as he goes over things he says it repeatedly "we aren't competing with insects for food" ... "again, we are no competing with insects"
But yeah I agree with you about most things. Just thought it was curious. When I recommend this video to people I just tell them to skip the first 10 minutes because it's really the stuff after that is most interesting and useful.
Thank you Thomas for your clear presentation.
Amazing material! I definitely learned a lot and have not seen anyone else bring up this subject
We're so happy to hear that this video was informative and interesting for you. Thank you for commenting! - The AEA Team
Indicators for height, flower, root spread, color, etc... are relative to each plant being observed. A rose flowering is not, in deed, a good indicator for how tall a oak tree is supposed to be ;
yet it is a spanking good indicator of rose plant health.
Not trying to insult you. Your take on insects targeting weak, dying, and dead plant material is spot on.
…and seeing insects as indicators of environmental and plant health is beautiful and useful.
Insects have a more carbon diet. Healthy plants have resilience, secondary metabolites that have built in defense mechanisms. On top of that serious insect and disease problems are indicators of an imbalance in the ecosystem. My book; Radical Regenerative Gardening and Farming.
Where do I find your book
@@workinprogress5821 It is available all over the world. Radical Regenerative Gardening and Farming. It is also in many public and academic libraries.
This was a great informative presentation as well. I appreciate it!
Thank you Dr. Dykstra. I have been reading and studying in the last 10 years about Dr. Carey Reams and William Albrecht . Could you please share your experience using EC meter and pH meter with BRIX meter sap plants samples as well? I have a lot of doubts how to implement a plan of nutritional analysis using them?
some insects have gotten into my pea garden. They chew thru the pod and eat the peas inside!!!! grrr and my peas are super healthy, but i figure thats what i get for going organic. some plants gonna be eaten.
ive also seen tomato horn worms decimate a healthy crop of tomatoes and Colorado potato beetles wreak havoc on potato crops. So some insects will happily eat your healthy plants. These two pests in particular will decimate your crop if you do not take steps to deal with them. In both cases the typical method is either using poison or going after them manually.
As an organic farmer in my youth I gathered a full 5 gallon bucket of tomato horn worms. and those were on exceptionally healthy plants.
Aphids can badly harm many different plants and trees, though i have found that often where you have an aphid infestation you will soon have a swarm of lady bugs come in to eat your aphids.
In terms of insects that specifically compete for food with humans. Ants, weevils come to mind and of course the tomato hornworm, the colorado potato beetle and a few other similar pests.
honestly this has got to be one of the stupidest most retarded videos i have ever encountered.
im going to break down just some of the stupid bullshit
is it tall? then by this logic all trees are healthier than all shrubs because they are taller. no you halfwit, the proper logic is "is it tall for a member of its species" by this logic then yes you can determine a tall plant, with good structure including leaf coverage might be considered healthy
Does it grow fast? the better question would be, is it growing at a reasonable rate for the type of plant it is? obviously comparing different species is once again pure stupidity and ridiculous.
Is it green? better question, is it supposed to be green and is its color appropriate for its species. Though yellow leaves is pretty much always a bad indicator.
Thank you for your info from your entomology viewpoint. A nice additional piece to the grand puzzle of nature in this post flood world. Keep observing and sharing. Every piece helps.
This was great! Never heard this info before and I'm arming myself with it next year. THANK you
Second reaction, but thanks to you, I now know why my sugar went bad when I tried to breed certain insects and invertebrates indoors for a hedgehog.
The soil living insects attract microbes that love sugar. 50 percent sugar in the soil, so I guess the breeding ground was good, too good, I had a microbe plague. Now I finally know why this happened.
Thank you!
I was riddled by this. And those microbes made the sugar taste weird and made us sick for a couple of days, I had to throw it all out, everything sugar out.
I got rid of all insects living in 'wet' conditions and only kept mealworms and lo and behold, nothing else went bad.
No one was ever able to solve this for me.
But you have now. Thank you!!
🙏❤️
were you mixing sugar into soil, breeding insects in it, and then eating the sugar? i have so many questions.
@@beansdork haha, nooooo!
I just had them in my studio.
The mold just spread throughout the house.
I wouldn't eat soil to begin with, let alone where there's bugs and mold in it😂
@@beansdork breeding the insects to feed hedgehog
@@kumarnitish5115 he thought he was sonic the hedgehog xd
@@zazugee 😂
56:26 Is that Hanalei Valley?
it does not follow from all the examples of insects which eat decaying vegetation, that no insects will or can eat food which we want to eat. i am amazed that i find myself feeling the need to say that. also , surely if you want to use something as an indicator of an organism's health, you would consider it in the context of what you would expect for that species. Some examples are given here of some substances that insects theoretically cant digest, but that does not mean that no insects will eat plants that contain some substances that the insects cant digest.
yeah I noticed that too, how can you compare trees with shrubs for height as they have different genetic potentials
@@UGPepe thats also something wrong with all of this. the main problem is that it seems to be all just a narrative that someone likes, and has hardly any overlap with objective reality, but aside from it all being made up, even if it was reality based science, it would have to be all far more specific to individual cases. its all so generalised like we are 5 years old or something. actually i would never lie to a child like this either
@sprock its a strawman argument. you can get a bit of an idea that a plant is healthy by looking at it's growth, and nobody thinks you do so by just assuming the tallest plant ios the healthiest, regardless of species
@sprock i dont think anyone other than this brix guy does. its a bad faith argument
@sprock its a good point you have there and i am pretty sure that more people can immediately conceive of a tall unhealthy plant than that know that you could have a low brix healthy plant
I have around 300 succulents and around half have Brevipalpus mites , Mealybugs, root Mealybugs, or all of them at once . I’m at my wits end . Please tell me which products I need to buy from you to make them too healthy for these awful pests . I tried to buy some products on your website. But it keeps freezing up . My plants are mostly indoors under good grow lights . They have stress colors . Some plants don’t have mites . I don’t know what is different about them . Please help me . Thank you 😊
Hi Jennifer, we're sorry to hear that you were having issues with our website. Your best bet would be to contact our Customer Care Team at either hello@advancingecoag.com or 800-495-6603 ext 344 so that they can advise you on how to manage these pests and help you with product selection. Good luck!
- The AEA Team
While I agree with most, I have difficulty believing a japanese beetle is eating my roses because they are dying. They are in great shape have high brix and I have been using permaculture for over 10 yrs. Japanese beetle still a problem.
Are they killing them ?
@@subtropicalpermaculture Tile I clicked on says "Why insects do not (and cannot) attack healthy plants". Japanese Beetles, just for starters, have never respected this statement and still have to be plucked off all the time. Something does eat them, probably birds, occasionally, because you find glittery debris, but not in such a way that there is no need to interfere.
What about plants with latex? does the Brix refrac work on that?
I like this presentation a lot. Excellent explanation towards the end on the reproductive stress. The Birx scale is a good indicator as well. All in all - great webinar!
Never heard of it.
How to fix wire worm / click beetle Population inside potaoe fields. Is an high BRICS Level also helpful?
My father has what I think is called wire worms that attack his garlic roots and which destroys the bulbs. Is there anything that you'd suggest on how to deal with this pest?
Another slightly different problem than a pest is he always has severe problems with blight on his tomato plants. I know the fact that rototilling is and destroying the soil structure is definitely counter productive, I have at least convinced him to start planting rye in the fall, but haven't convinced him yet to go full no till. Serenade seems to help reduce it in my garden, mine doesn't get it as bad because I don't rototill much at all. Any suggestions other than keep trying to convince him no till is going to help him?
Hi Bryan, you have some great questions here. Your best bet would be to contact our Customer Care Team at either hello@advancingecoag.com or 800-495-6603 ext 344 so that they can advise you on how to manage these pesky pests. Thanks and good luck!
- The AEA Team
@@AdvancingEcoAgriculture thank you😁
you want to occasionally till your soil if your adding anything to amend it like compost.
I dont know about wire worms... but as for blight, there are two main causes that i have seen.
1 is a disease, if thats the case you wont be able to plant tomatoes for years in that location.
we had a case of blight on our farm caused by a plant virus that wiped out an entire crop of peppers and the government ordered us to destroy the crop and forbid farming for 5 years on that land of any peppers or related crops.
the other cause is just a problem with the soil, to much acid, to little acid or some other nutritional deficiency.
@@islandwills2778 that's called crop rotation. Focusing on healthy soil will help with the disease problems. Someday I may be able to send some of my Dad's plants out for sap analysis and also convince him to convert to no-till.
Never knew about leaf Brix, until now. Very informative video, he should do more presentations, and a virtual one that’s live like on zoom or something. I am pursing my B.S at oregon state in crop and soil science specialized in agronomy but now I might want to go towards the horticulture degree just after this video.
my question to Dr. Thomas Dykstra would have been - how to use the refractometer, the best way...blessings to all
Hi Paul Braga, thanks for your question! You may find this information from the BioNutrient Food Association to be particularly helpful: bionutrient.org/site/bionutrient-rich-food/brix
- The AEA Team
@@AdvancingEcoAgriculture just checked the link you sent - wonderful. have a great one - from the Philippines where we cannot get a hold of your products haha huhuhuhu. blessings
My pecans are mostly around 12-14 brix. With a few coming back at 5ish. I’ve done a sap analysis but now I’m trying to find a ‘healthy’ nutrition range guide. Because at the moment it’s mostly just guessing. Does anyone know of any information on this?
Thank you so much I wish I had this explained to me years and years ago xx
What about grasshoppers/locust swarms? Thank you!
I do not think it is all that deterministic.
In my opinion it is more a matter of probability; the healthier your plants the less risk of fatal pest manifestations and vice versa.
it also depends on climate and what type of pests you may encounter.
For example growing up we had a real problem with Colorado potato beetles because they were not a native pest, nothing would predate on them so you had to fight a constant war against them or risk having your potato plants become bug food.
there was two main methods, there was a weed that they actually prefered over the potato so we would just let that weed grow whenever possible and the less fun method was inspecting each plant for the beetle and killing it and any eggs we found. This had to be done every other day for weeks to ensure that we killed enough of the population to protect our crops.
And there is no way your going to convince me that our potato crops were unhealthy plants.
@@islandwills2778i hear ducks make great pest control especially slugs and bugs, not sure about your case, but can try
Please how can i make sustainable pasture for goat, humbolt co. NEVADA ( Winnemucca)
All I have is sage cheatgrass and a couple types of mustards and several other desert plants like tumbleweed
The refractometer is mainly for testing the viscosity and ppm percentage of a solution in water. I have used them for testing machine oil coolant in water for cnc machines and oil viscosity is water soluble oils. There are many many uses for this tool.
This Brix stuff is all new to me, very interesting. I searched for this channel today after listening to Dr Thomas Dykstra on the Humaley podcast earlier today. Great work, thank you 👏🏻👍🏻
Hi Vic, it's great to hear that you found this information to be of value. We appreciate your feedback!
- The AEA Team
This is great info! I was curious as to what causes insects to eat the vegetation and you opened my mind to the fact that "insects don't feed on a healthy plant" WOW! That makes so much sense because every plant within the same vicinity is not being targeted so why is that one (IT's unhealthy), Who knew??🤔
Don't listen to the clown in the video. The sick plant has bugs because the bugs made the plant sick. lol The bugs aren't on the healthy plants because if they were, the plant wouldn't be healthy anymore. This clown has his cause and effect reversed.
Insects eat vegetation - Because they are hungry.
Or they taste better.
Where to stink bugs fall into the Brix spectrum? Or are they the great outlier?
Very interesting and informative. This idea that different insect types will arrive at different ranges of health in the plant may present a diagnosis opportunity here. For example, is it valid to give the plant a health range if you see a grasshopper munching on it as opposed to one of the low health stage insects?
This is a really interesting line of thought, Savva. Thanks for sharing!
- The AEA Team
If this is the case, then why is big corporate spraying the crops that we eat? These last couple of years have really been eye opening as to the system we live in.
Amen
How does this theory relate to tree pests such as Emerald Ash borer that are wreaking havoc on our Ash trees in America?
My guess would be that since Emerald Ash Borers are non-native species, in order to survive they would have to go after the most suitable hosts they can find in a foreign environment; an act of desperation.
Excellent presentation....
Found this because I am trying to have a discussion with someone about pest insect dietary habits and I am having trouble finding peer reviewed literature on the subject. Where can I find your peer-reviewed research on this? Why have I been unable to find any peer-reviewed research showing pest-insect dietary preference for "healthy" vs "unhealthy" plants? All I can see on researchgate is an article from 1995 that has nothing to do with insect behavior, digestion, or diet.
Also...a nucleotide is not a protein??? What are you even talking about? A nucleotide is the monomer building block of nucleic acids (RNA/DNA). How am I supposed to take you seriously if you are mixing up basic biology?
And what terminology are you using where "incomplete protein" and "complete protein" mean what you are saying? A protein is a distinct compound, once it is broken up, it is no longer a protein, it is a polypeptide chain. Complete and incomplete proteins are diet terminology referring to whether or not a food contains the 9 amino acids not produced in humans.
Next, Are you suggesting because humans cannot digest cellulose, insects cannot digest cellulose? You just mentioned termites earlier, they consume and get nutrients from cellulose, as do some mammals like horses and cows...Or are you saying that just because humans cannot digest something there are things insects cannot digest? Perhaps you go into that later, but the structuring of that statement does not make for a cohesive idea when trying to make a point. Additionally, doesn't the fact that some insects can digest cellulose negate that setup a bit? Ie: Just because we can't digest something doesn't mean an insect cannot?
Next next, How can you make a broad sweeping statement saying that GMO's cannot get a higher BRIX score than 10 with absolutely no data? A cute graphic is in no way sufficient to make such a claim. Ever. You provide no mechanism, no differentiation between GMO strains (herbicide resistant, insect resistant, disease resistant) region where it is grown, other environmental factors etc. "GMO" just means it is transgenic, it does not indicate any other factors. How does a plant's ability to produce Bt toxin (the same stuff sprayed on organic crops) affect it's ability to produce sugars? Please show data of a side-by-side comparison of a range of GMO, non-GMO, and maybe a comparable wild control BRIX scores controlled for nutrition and environment at the very least.
The soybean aphid thing. That's a classic correlation does not imply causation right there. And you fail to say anything about aphids infesting organic crops which they absolutely do. Cool cherry-picking there.
My gosh, I had to stop the video there. For someone who has a PhD, you are truly lacking in any data whatsoever to support any of your claims. Scratch that last part, you are lacking in any data period. Your's or anyone else's. If I showed a presentation like this to my PI, I would probably be told I should consider a change in career trajectory.
This is in no way shape or form science. You seem very proud of your "heretical" ideas and sticking it to the "trolls" but science is about collaboration, rigorous data collection and analysis, and confirmation. I see none of that here.
Brilliant dissemination of the Truth of Agro Tech!
Where I used to live, I had the healthiest Concord grape vine n a very healthy rose vine and the Japanese beetles went after it every year, did the same thing in two different states. They were very healthy. This year I have the beetles going after the healthy giant elephant ears. They are healthy.
what are they going after. Takes a detection of an item to do science? Are you trimming the plants are they being attack when blooming, have you tried the brix scale healthy could be good for a grass hopper but for a beetle it could be after the water. Welcome to understanding the environment. Any one that owns a pool knows how many beetles end in a pool trap.
Incredibly useful information. Thank you! One question: our team works in the humid tropics and leaf cutter ants are a major problem; I wonder how we might apply these patterns to these insects that harvest leaves in order to produce a fungi. Is it conceivable that a higher Brix in this case would actually make the leaves more desirable for these ants? Do you know of any research related to this topic? Thank you!
Why would you compare a tree which is supposed to grow to say 20m to a shrub which is supposed to grow to say 3m?
If a tree reaches its 20m it is likely to be healthy. If a shrub remains at 1m it is not happy. So height IS an indicator within the same species. As are vibrant coloured green leaves (of whatever shade they are supposed to be) an indication of healthy plants. Leaf colour will indicate nutrient deficiencies in the soil or other environmental stresses- like too cold/wet.
what Brit level discourages root knot nematodes ?
This was amazing and informative! I'm also learning a lot about Dr. Elaine Ingam's Soil Food web and this ties in incredibly well with it. I have a few questions based n this seminar:
1) The Pine Beetle was introduced to Northern British Columbia and has since been devastating native pine forests. Does this mean that our native forests are in fact not healthy? or could it be that the beetles aren't designed to kill the trees but are perhaps carrying a disease which then goes on the infect the trees?
2) Slugs & Snails! Although they aren't insects, would they also be chewers? If not, at would level of brig would the prefer to feast at?
3) Could a UV light be installed in a green house to make up for the fact the glass absorbs the majority of it? or would that also have separate aid affects being that it is artificial?
Thank you so much Dr. Dykstra! I learned a lot and will definitely be looking into more of our research!
I think there's a few more things going on here that this video may not cover entirely or, as is said, this is a more general lecture on the relationship between insect predation and brix. It appears there are insects that are so specially adapted to certain plants that they eat these plants regardless of brix or plant health. I'm thinking about Monarchs being entirely dependent upon milkweed species and will completely defoliate plantings. In this instance, I believe it's an adaptation (genetic) that is the result of over many years of coevolution. In the instance of invasive species that seem to nearly entirely devastate native pine forests, I wonder if this is the cause of a tree having been so specialized to living in its local ecology that they became genetically uniform and lack genetic diversity and promiscuity to adapt to these new predators. I think this is alike to what happened with the American Chestnut and American Elm. Yet, efforts to hybridize the American Chestnut using genetics from Asian varieties (which resist the blight) have proved to create offspring with traits that are resistive to the Asian blight and yet maintain qualities similar to the American Chestnut.
Another thing to think about is the difference between quantitative and qualitative defenses. A good example is from The Nature of Oaks by D. Tallamy in which he describes how milkweeds contain a compound that is extremely toxic to most insects and so is a qualitative defense, albeit one the monarch overcame and used to make themselves toxic. He then describes how oak tannins are toxic to many of the species that eat oak leaves but only at high levels (quantitative) as they prevent protein synthesis. So many of the insects which eat oak leaves have to wait periodically to detoxify before eating more. The way in which Dr. Dykstra describes how high brix literally crystalizes aphids and yet aphids pray upon plants with lower brix levels makes it seem like brix are a quantitative defense. Perhaps some insects are able to continue praying upon high brix plants by periodically detoxifying by some means.
I am on the mental train of genetics and promiscuity being extremely important in adaptation and genomic expression. These thoughts have been encouraged by reading Landrace Gardening by Joseph Lofthouse.
In frim belief that abundance is nature and to love what survives,
Lowell
1) Absolutely. No one who works in those forests can tell you they are healthy ecosystems. The same improper re-planting, and fire suppression that contribute to the record breaking fires contribute to the Pine Beetle and Western Spruce Budworm outbreaks.
The pine Beetle is native to BC it was introduced to BC . The beetle played an I lots t role in the eco system they would attack and kill pines and trees and actually make the forest a healthier ecosystem. However over logging improper replanting and warming winters are the cause of the outbreak, the beetles used to be killed off as much as 90%, wouldn't survive the winter but it doesn't stay cold enough long enough to achieve those numbers. When populations of beetles are low trees are able to defend and suppress an attack by producing a toxic resin. As more beetles come to a healthy tree, its natural defenses are overwhelmed. Epidemic population levels decline only when all large pine trees are weakened or dead.
During gallery construction, fungal symbionts carried by beetles in specialized pockets in one of the mouthparts are introduced to the trees. The fungi colonize the inner bark and sapwood, interrupting tree function and defence in addition to changing the moisture and chemistry of tree tissues in which insects are developing. The fungi sporulate in pupal chambers and new adults feed on the spores before emerging and dispersing to a new host tree.
This video is so full of concepts I've previously only scratched the surface of, I'm looking forward to a better cognitive day so I can process it all!
This is one of the best lectures about plant health and what I now believe to be best method in IPM. Are the non digital brix refractometers worth using until i get a digital? And what are the best methods for soil health for an indoor pepper grow with LED lights
You can use the non digital ones to identify calcium deficiency and other things that the digital can't
Hi Anti-PopFPV, you may find this information helpful: bionutrient.org/site/bionutrient-rich-food/brix
Typically, the biggest difference is considered to be the ease of use. We hope this is helpful.
- The AEA Team
i have found this video a very useful eyeopener. I've grown tomatoes and peppers beautifully for years with no insect pests and even I have wondered why. I just tell people who ask me I think my plants have high disease /pest resistance because I use home made compost, pinch and prune dead leaves etc. Watching this video has taught me each group of insects have the food they eat and most eat overipe fruits or broken leaves. Thanks so much for this lengthy and very informative video . Secondly thanks for that lecture on the aphids. They call the ants unto my cherry tree. I always wondered why aphids have sugary poo, now I know it's to stop them being candied....THE GREEDY GREEDY OVEREATERS. i HAVE TO BATTLE THE ANTS OFF MY CHERRIES AND MY ROSES.
you are a nhighgeur
Why no peer-reviewed published data proving this thesis? Maybe the tropical rainforest is an intelligent ecosystem, whereas a farm or garden is not, so insects are not kept in balance, and are forced to eat whatever they can.I take from your thesis that if food availability was low, grasshoppers will just starve themselves rather than attack a high-brix crop.
The video is stupid. I know that not because I watched it (I won't), but because the title is idiotic. No reason to waste time here.
> Why no peer-reviewed published data proving this thesis?
I call that "scientism". Whereby you deny what your every-day experience tells you, in favor of an army-of-words from strangers.
@@rabbitcreative I was thinking the same thing and just made a sarcastic remark about that elsewhere in this comment section. Thanks for pointing out the huge elephant in the room regarding those kind of statements.
There’s no benefit to pharmas. That’s why.
@@rabbitcreative quite the opposite, my every day experience tells me that insects DO attack healthy plants, so I'm quite a skeptic with regards to this claim. If there were experiments and data supporting it, I would be less skeptical. I don't think thats Scientism....
Is compost the best input to grow plants?