Aircraft Engine Types and Propulsion Systems | How Do They Work?
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 4 มิ.ย. 2024
- In this video, you'll see the different types of engines and propulsion systems used for aircraft, my favorite ones: Turbojet, turboprop, turboshaft, and turbofan. You'll also see the Ramjet engine.
I love the sound of a turbine starting up, the engineering involved, engines and propulsion systems for aircraft in general, and if you're here it's because you love that too. There are many ways an aircraft can be powered and pushed/pulled forward, starting with a conventional propeller aircraft that can be moved using a piston or turboprop engine, at the same time there are other ways like an electric motor, human-powered and even steam.
Content:
0:00 Intro
0:30 Piston Engines
2:38 Rocket Engines
2:45 Jet Engines
4:04 Turbofan
4:24 Turbojet
4:39 Turboprop
5:43 Turboshaft
5:59 Ramjet
7:15 Other Type of Propulsion Systems
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Corrections from Joexer (a subscriber)
1:28 When Running Properly, fuel in an aircraft cylinder engine should not explode; An explosion or detonation is a malfunction and is very damaging to the engine.
1:57 - 2:25 While you are correct about the cooling and aerodynamic aspects there is also a huge aspect of efficiency, ease of manufacturing, maintenance, "ideal conditions", power to weight, fuel and metallurgy technologies and even vibration certainly come into play.
2:29 Maximum speed is not the sole benefit of a different engine technology.
2:32 Rocket engines are actually more efficient in some ways than turbojet engines under the premise of speed per fuel and weight. It is more propulsively efficient because of its light weight and small size for the weight with a propulsive efficiency of about 70%.
2:47 Jet engines is a poor choice of words because a rocket engine is a kind of jet engine. You seem to have conflated it with turbine engine. A Jet engine is any kind of reaction engine, that discharges a fast moving stream of mass to generate thrust. A Rocket engine or even a Pump-jet, as may be found as propulsion on a boat are both jet engines. The aeolipile dating to around 150 BC was also a jet engine. A Turbine engine is merely one such kind of jet engine.
4:01 A Ramjet is not a turbine engine as it does not make use of a turbine for compression
4:32 Modern Fighter Jets do not use Turbojets, they use Low Bypass Turbofans which are the previously mentioned turbofans with less bypass. Its also not very powerful.
6:02 This is not accurate. A ramjet is only like a rocket in the sense that it is a Jet engine. Unlike a rocket a ramjet is airbreathing and uses relative wind to the aircraft to slow and compress the air, then, it adds fuel to and ignites. It cannot function like a rocket and does not have oxidizer. Ramjets also begin producing meaningful thrust around .5 Mach at sea level (384mph)
Also this misses a LOT of huge elements like, maintenance, economic factors (like fuel costs), distance, the mission requirement, aerodynamic drag, the limits on each kind of propulsion, other efficiencies, temperatures, density altitude, manned aviation concerns like pressurization, heat and time for the pilot, also you did not mention Lift, Bernoulli's, Otto cycle (Piston) or Brayton Cycle (Turbines) and perhaps greatest of all, The inevitable tradeoffs that result from anything that expends energy.
one note: explosion is not same as detonation, first is slow, second is fast because fuel falls apart on h an c , and h burns fast and that is detonation, in piston engine is single burn event in jet engine it burns constantly or constant explosion but not detonation, difference between igniting cigarete lighter and spark plug starts burn is cylinder is closed space, cigarete lighter is in open space
"Also this misses a LOT of huge elements like, maintenance, economic factors.."
Question: How is the last point relevant to the topic of discussion aka How do they work.
3:30. #1. A Jet Engine is not at all the same as a Rocket Engine. Like seriously what the hell.
Yes they both produce thrust through Newton's 3rd Law. But that is the end of their similarities. From a engineering standpoint.
A Rocket does it by accelerating Mass. And a Jet Engine does it by pulling Mass through it.
And therefore are very different.!
#2. That's Not called the "Exhaust". It's called the "Power Turbine" section. And it spins the Intake and Compressor Blades. It's literally the whole function of a Jet Engine. But yeah you wouldn't want to get that part right. In a video about Aircraft Propulsion.
And then after the Power Turbine Section. Comes the Exhaust section. Which in most aircraft. The exhaust cavity volume is adjustable. For higher gas compression.
No you didn't particularly need to know that information. But if you are making a video describing it's functionality. You might want to have that in there.
But an otherwise interesting video.
also at 0:55 thisis just wrong. You never built a 4-stroke radial engine with even number of cylinders,
Can you talk about how the Infinite Improbability Drive works?
During the Second World War there was a test aircraft in Switzerland which was powered by a wood gasifier.
It was called AC-4 (HB-USI) and required 34kg of wood per flight hour. 😀
The aircraft still exists today and can be viewed in the Flab & Fliegermuseum in Dübendorf.
haha wow, that's cool as. Never knew about this one thanks!
Ein Holzvergaser-Flugzeug. Also wenn ich mal wieder in der Schweiz bin, dann schaue ich es an.
Leave it to Switzerland to make a plane that leaves a trail of smoke behind it
Environmentalist throwing their hands in the air rn 😂
what about the coal powered german one
The videos are amazing, very interesting and very easy to understand. I wish this video was made 5 years ago, because at that time I had a project about aeronautical technology museum for a college assignment. I think this video can really save my time.
Many thanks!
🔥The presentation just kills it🔥👌🏾
Hi Joyplanes, do you have an institution?
i don’t understand how turbo work where give the energy to rotary the engine please answer me ??
A very interesting type of piston engine used in aircraft for some time was the rotary engine, where the whole engine rotates and the crankshaft remains stationary. The Wankel engine has also been used in aircraft as a proof of concept.
The Pulse jet concept was also used in planes although again not very successfully.
In Archimedes' formulation, the effort arm was equal to the distance from the fulcrum to the applied point of effort and the load arm was equal to the distance from the fulcrum to the center of the load weight. Thus established, the effort multiplied by the length of the effort arm equals the load multiplied by the length of the load arm, which means that the longer the end of the effort, the less force is required to lift the load. Simply put, if you are attempting to lift a particularly heavy stone, it is best to use a longer crowbar and place the fulcrum as close to the stone or load as possible. It sounds the gravity and the rising of the entire universe or the development of cloud modules and shapes and they move in remote virtual paths (without stretches or infrastructures) independently of ionic electricity. Step-by-step logic and gravity need to be applied in mechanical problem solving and equipment design. In doing so, he created the machines that transformed the world and his impact remains powerful today.
During WWII the Germans and Japanese experimented with Pulsejet engines as well but they were mostly used in explosive ordinance. There were some prototypes/ concepts using the Pulsejet and it is pretty interesting. Especially the Japansese Kamikaze jet.
is there a yt video showing the pulsejet engines?
This one is way more informative than I had thought. Thanks for greater understanding.
Incredible. Thanks for visualization and animations of these engines, since it's much easier to understand that way.
I was wondering for a very long time about all this engine types... Thank you
The best video I have ever seen about aircraft propulsion system. Interesting, simple, easy to understand and concised yet detailed information.
i don’t understand how turbo work where give the energy to rotary the engine please answer me ???
very well organised and explained, love it. learned a lot, tnx dude! waiting for more educational content like this from you. cheers 🖖 by the way you made all this engine animations yourself?
Just the animations and drawings. The 3D models are gathered from different sources.
@@Joyplanes Which engines forgot to mention: gyrodine. And, of course, the nuclear air engine. In the future, nuclear batteries, RTGS, will allow for a flight without landing for a year or longer, for unmanned vehicles. Compact atomic reactors based on molybdenum crystals are currently being developed in Russia. I've seen photos, it's the size of a household refrigerator. But such nuclear reactors will most likely be used for an atomic planetship, which is currently being designed by the Khrunichev Bureau. Nuclear reactors have already been successfully put on a hypersonic rocket, which will allow the rocket to make a suborbital flight and reach anywhere on the planet, without a chance for air defense. Such things.🙂
Concerning the SR-71, at speeds above Mach 2.5, the spikes on the front of engine intake retract reducing airflow into the compressor and diverting it around to the exhaust where the afterburner ignites the fuel with it. I believe the process is gradual to prevent a flameout. At maximum speed the engines are operating as ramjets.
Thank you very much for the Chinese subtitles, which has greatly helped the group with poor English and the high-quality popular science of aircraft engines!
You didn't include the 5th type, the rotary radial, but you showed it on the front of the Sopwith saying they used this for cooling. Rotary-radial engines are quite different from radial engines, and should of had their own part and animation in this video.
Well explained and well documented. Keep it up 👍
This is the best explained cylinder engine motor vid
There is also the pulsejet, like the one used in the German V1 during WWII. Basically it is a tube with a self-resonant combustion chamber.
thank you for the explanation, the explanation is very easy to understand and the animation is very good. I as a teaching teacher about aircraft have been greatly helped by the videos that you and your team made, I hope you and your team will continue to work for the world of education. let me also download and make teaching materials for my students. thank you
One of the most beautiful video that I've ever seen
A quick note: the turbine section is generally considered a stage of a turbojet engine. Same with an afterburner if equipped.
These "Turvo"prop engines are awesome!
Very useful. Easy to understand video. Thank you!
Very nice video, fun, easy to follow, very interesting and information. This mans underrated.
Much appreciated!
I like how simple it is and easy to understand all in all.. tho willnyou ever make a video on variable cycle engines? They're not a common sight but basically they can change from turbofans to turbojets on the go, mostly prototypes for fighter jets
I have only a 1: 4 Scale Corsair, but the Radial with 250ccm - what a Amazing Sound ! ( want to build the Black-Bird out of carbon.. 1: 5 Scale! Great Video thx !!! 👍🏼🇦🇹✌🏼
Great video, breathtaking animation! Thanks a lot.
Excellent bien que très rapide donc très général (au point de contenir quelques erreurs de simplifications).
Les sous-titres en français sont disponibles (il faut les activer.)
Thank you, this is very educational.
You're very welcome
Excellent Video - very well explained.
the video was so good 💯💯 , i was looking for this kind of video only for my research works . loved it thank you very much for this video pls make more video like this .
Very nice presentation, and informative for engineer's.
Love this video
Detailed, good explained
Perfect
Great video! Very well put together.
Great stuff ! The steam plane really was a surprise !
@Joyplanes how did you great it
I wanted to shout out the propfan: an experimental engine that could be described as a cross between a turbo fan and a turbo prop. It looked like a jet engine with propellers attached to the back. They ran a few experiments, but the advantages never emerged, and it was extremely loud.
I agree totally. There were several reasons (not only good ones) that this technology didn´t come to life up to this day. It was developped in the late 80s and early 90s much in order to save fuel and was successfully testet. I think they turned it down because it would have remind the people to much of a propeller...anyway in the mean time the so called "jet-engine" became bigger and bigger because of the augmented bypass and I don´t know how long this can go further and further by calling the result a jet-engine.
The prop fan has a lot of disadvantages because the airflow over the blades must be supersonic and that creates a lot of noise as well as losses that can’t be recaptured like a ducted fan.
This video is very helpful. Thanks a lot. Can you please make a video which includes the questions that mostly asked during interview for an aircraft technican. I mean technical interview questions. That will be a great help for a lot of people.
One note about the turbojet / turbofan. Turbojets on mil aircraft were phased out in the 50s / 60s. All modern fighters use turbofan engines, just with different bypass ratios than the ones used on big planes.
i don’t understand how turbo work where give the energy to rotary the engine please answer me ??
Thanks For share Knowlege in Sample words.
This is really well done.
damn well explained as always
Fantastic video, very well done
Belle présentation simple ,concise ,et instructive. Merci
Very informative video thanks.
Thank you!
شكرا جزيلا.. بارك الله فيكم 😇🌸👍
I want to become an aircraft mechanic and this is a great video!
Excellent explanation 👏 please do more videos on aeroplane parts 🥰
Amazing.thnx so much.i really enjy and like this video.i love to watch new advancement in aviation technology.
Am very impressed...Thanks bro
thank you needed this making me self a rc with an good plane prop engine
Beautiful explanation! 💯
Appreciate it!
Thanks for the illustrative presentation.I gained a lot from your video
Excellent 3D presentation. A sub and like for that.
Amazing explanation learnt a lot thankyou bro
Great content as always
Appreciate it!
Amazing video!!
Great video! thanks for sharing! I would like to ask you, what software did you use to make this animation? I would appreciate it if you could answer!
Great video
Thank you soo much sir for your great informmation.
wonderful video thank you
Great clearification
Very informative
Very interesting video. Well done!
Thank you so much
Beautiful 🎉🎉
Very informative.
I have a glider with a Wankel rotary engine, ASH 31 Mi, which is selflaunching.Works great! 😄
There are also 2 subcategories of turbojet engines; the ones that uses axial compressors and the ones that uses centrifugal compressors(centrifugal is still used on small turboprops or on turboshafts-one of my my favourites centrifugal engine is Rolls-Royce NeNe Mk10 used on T33 military aircraft)
Thank you for mentioning this. Saved me the trouble of more-clumsily trying to say it myself.
Thanks for this 🤝
thanks for the nice and interesting video clip !
Excellent Animation
One type that is used or was used is the pulsejet engines. They may still be used on model planes but they are very loud and the fuel consumption is very high. They powered the German V1's. Also, in model aircraft, there are ducted fan powered by internal combustion engines or electric motors.
Super explanation 😃
amazing information keep going
Awesome information
Thanks
I learn something useful today,
love it💕
thanks
In the piston engines you show a radial in the animation the engine in the biplanes shown flying is a rotary engine.
Very interesting video. I like it. Profesionally. Maybe w/GPL combustion. hybrid, nuclear, etc.
Very good presentation...no other disturbing bgm....❤️
Amazing
Awesome video!
Glad you enjoyed it
The images and information are great.
good vid, u should ve talked a little more about ion propulsion, its really interesting from what I ve seen.
Thanks for this information , I wish successful for you forever ❤️
very good i enjoyed watching would like to see more
Well done.
So amazing video... Keep doing more 🔥🔥
Awesome
U r simple a superb explainer 👏
Thank you
Would’ve been nice to include how some of these engines start. Especially the jet engine.
I can imagine they start with an electric motor to start intake air, then a fuel rich initial combustion then as it speeds up gets more air and then the optimal fuel-air mixture combustion.
Its awesome
Very good explanation
Excellent video.
Tanks for the simple explanations!
Would be awesome if you could make a Video only for the scram-jet-system.
There are only a few ones on YT and they haven’t really good animations.
Orin
Thanks!
Thank you! I really appreciate your support.
That was a very good video.
Stupendous video, you should have mentioned the scram jet
Super.👍
WOW SIR, THANK YOU SO MUCH. I GUESS THAT YOU MAY NOT BE FROM AMERICA OR THE UK (THE ACCENT). IT HELPS US TO UNDERSTAND, AS WE ARE INVOLVED IN HELPING PEOPLE AND NATIONS EVERYWHERE.