Wars of the Roses Explained
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 28 ก.ย. 2024
- The Wars of the Roses Explained
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Why did England's royal family feud descend into a bitter 30 year civil war, that engulfed the kingdom, cost thousands of lives and ultimately, bring about the end of the Plantagenets?
Join Chris Green, The History Chap (www.thehistorychap.com), for this short summary of the Wars of the Roses.
The Wars of the Roses was a 30 year dynastic war between rival factions in the Plantagenet royal family tore England apart between 1455 and 1485.
It was the emblems of each part of that divided royal family - The House of York (White Rose) and the House of Lancaster (Red Rose) - which gave the wars their name, The Wars of The Roses.
During that time throne of England changed hands 5 times, and 12 huge battles spilled the blood of thousands of Englishmen.
The Wars of the Roses saw the biggest and deadliest battle ever fought on English soil (the Battle of Towton), as well as other encounters including the battle of Tewkesbury and, of course, the battle of Bosworth.
It also saw more forgotten battles too, such as the battle of Mortimer's Cross in Herefordshire (where young Edward IV defeated an army led by Owain & Jasper Tudor), the battles of St. Albans and the battle of Barnet (where the Earl of Warwick - "Warwick the Kingmaker - finally met his end.
At the end of it all, the Plantaganets lost the very crown that they had been fighting over as Henry Tudor defeated Richard III at Bosworth and became King Henry VII.
The intrigues, twist & turns, and bloody battles of the Wars of the Roses provided the idea for "Game of Thrones". Yet this story is better than anything on TV, because it is real!
Get your family tree of the waring English royal family at www.thehistorychap.com
FAQ
What were the Wars of the Roses?
They were a dynastic civil war in medieval England.
When was the Wars of the Roses?
1455 - 1485
Who was fighting who in the Wars of the Roses?
Two rival factions in the Plantagenet royal family - the House of York versus the House of Lancaster.
Why are they called the Wars of the Roses?
Because each side was represented by Rose symbols - the white rose of York versus the red rose of Lancaster.
How did the Wars of the Roses end?
The Wars of the Roses effectively ended when Henry Tudor representing the House of York killed King Richard III (of the house of York) at the Battle of Bosworth Field in 1485.
Henry Tudor became King Henry VII (and the founder of the Tudor dynasty).
There was one last battle, at Stoke Field, when the Yorkists unsuccessfully tried to retake the throne.
#warsoftheroses #warsoftherosesexplained #thewarsoftheroses
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My name is Chris Green ("The History Chap") and I am on a mission to share the amazing history of Britain so that we can appreciate where we have come from and why we are here.
History should not be stuffy or a long list of dates or kings & queens.
So rather than lectures or TH-cam animations, I tell stories that bring the past to life.
My aim is to be chat as if I were having a coffee or meal with you. Jean in Maryland, USA recently wrote: "Chris, is the history teacher I wish I had at school!"
Just for the record, I do have a degree in medieval and modern history and continue to have a passion for the subject I studied years ago.
Disclaimer: All opinions and comments expressed in the 'Comments' section do not reflect the opinions of Chris Green Communication Ltd t/a The History Chap. All opinions and comments should contribute to the dialogue. Chris Green Communication Ltd does not condone written attacks, insults, racism, sexism, extremism, violence or otherwise questionable comments or material in the 'Comments' section, and reserves the right to delete any comment violating this rule or to block any poster from the channel.
Disclaimer: All opinions and comments expressed in the 'Comments' section do not reflect the opinions of Chris Green Communication Ltd t/a The History Chap. All opinions and comments should contribute to the dialogue. Chris Green Communication Ltd does not condone written attacks, insults, racism, sexism, extremism, violence or otherwise questionable comments or material in the 'Comments' section, and reserves the right to delete any comment violating this rule or to block any poster from the channel.
Excellent simplified account of the WotR. Congrats again Chris. If only history had been presented like this when I was at school in the 60s.
(Having said that, I became interested later off my own bat)
Thanks Robert.
You are not the first person to say something like that for which I am very grateful.
You certainly have the gift of telling a tale Chris! Well done yet again!
Glad you enjoyed it.
thanks so much from Lancashire
My pleasure.
Richard IV: Edmund, you fight with us on the morrow
Blackadder: Heavens, no. I thought I'd fight with the enemy
A great Blackadder moment :)
Game of Thrones inspo for sure !!
Absolutrely.
So it really is true that when you play the game of thrones, you win or you die. Thanks for a great video!
Glad you enjoyed it. Please subscribe to my channel for my future videos.
Hi Robbie, Check out my latest video presentation about the Battle of Towton (England's bloodiest battle) fought during the Wars of the Roses th-cam.com/video/VbBHbOBy_X0/w-d-xo.html
Really liked the summary
Thank you for your kind words.
Please make sure to subscribe to my channel so you don’t miss future videos.
Hi John, Check out my latest video presentation about the Battle of Towton (England's bloodiest battle) fought during the Wars of the Roses th-cam.com/video/VbBHbOBy_X0/w-d-xo.html
Excellent explanation on what seems a complex situation. I always wonder what would have happened to Scotland at that time if England hadn't been fighting themselves. Would England have cast it's eyes north with thoughts of conquest? Edward III gave us Scots a bloody nose but France seemed to be the main target.
Roy, thanks for taking the time to add that interesting comment.
An interesting "What if?" debate over a beer.
Great! I'm fast becoming a fan of this channel 👍
Thanks. Please make sure that you subscribe.
Already have, I'm looking forward to viewing more of your content in the future. 👍
Hi Tony, Check out my latest video presentation about the Battle of Towton (England's bloodiest battle) fought during the Wars of the Roses th-cam.com/video/VbBHbOBy_X0/w-d-xo.html
Richard Neville , 16th Earl of Warwick , was in my opinion , easily and unequivocally one of England's finest and most outstanding military commanders . From the age of twenty as Captain of Calais , demonstrating superb aggressive naval seamanship and tactics to rout enemy fleets , through to his mature age land based battles , he is virtually unparalleled in the annals of military history , I doth opine .
Thank you for taking the time to contribute your opinion on Richard Neville.
I would love an in-depth video about the battle at Towton.
Please subscribe as I am planning a short (on-site) video to be released in the near future.
@@TheHistoryChap Awesome! I'm subbed, thanks for reply.
Your wish is my command th-cam.com/video/VbBHbOBy_X0/w-d-xo.html
Neat summary of the WOTR but Stoke Field in 1487 is now generally considered to be the last battle of the war, Henry VII was far from secure on the throne until that point. Also, Edward IV marriage to Elizabeth Woodville cannot be understated in terms of ultimately undermining his position, sowing division in the Yorkist ranks and allowing Henry Tudor to claim legitimacy.
Thanks for taking the time to comment.
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I agree with your point about the Woodville's. In fairness a 20 minute talk can't go into too much depth.
Andy, Stoke Field is on my list for a separate talk. In the meantime, you might enjoy my latest talk about the battle of Towton: th-cam.com/video/VbBHbOBy_X0/w-d-xo.html
Ok. Question to u, How this enabled to the rise of capitalism ?
Very informative. Many thanks!
Glad you enjoyed it!
Please make sure to subscribe for future videos.
Check out my latest video presentation about the Battle of Towton (England's bloodiest battle) fought during the Wars of the Roses th-cam.com/video/VbBHbOBy_X0/w-d-xo.html
@@TheHistoryChap I'm subscribed and I did check out your referenced video. Very good!
Great!
I’m glad that you enjoyed my story.
Please make sure to subscribe for future videos.
Would you like a series of talks that go into this subject in more detail?
I got a question, with so many many civil wars fought in England why is only one of them called the English Civil War? Because it obviously wasn't the only one.
Because historians are just lazy sometimes and calling them the English Civil Wars is convenient.
And just for good measure, the so-called English civil war was fought in Scotland and Ireland too. Thus it is often referred to as the War of the Three Kingdoms. Confused? :)
Did the Dutch have a War of the Tulips?
Only if they had a British sense of humour :) Great comedy film idea.
You are too close to your camera
Thanks for the feedback.
@@TheHistoryChap I thought the video was fine. Great work!
The War of the Roses was a prickly affair with a nice after scent.
You've missed a career on stage! Thanks for taking the time to comment on my Wars of the Roses video.
This is brilliant thanks very much!
Thank you, I'm glad you enjoyed it. If you haven't already please consider subscribing to my TH-cam channel. I also release exclusive video talks on my website www.thehistorychap.com
Check out my latest video presentation about the Battle of Towton (England's bloodiest battle) fought during the Wars of the Roses th-cam.com/video/VbBHbOBy_X0/w-d-xo.html
It’s difficult to talk about this episode in history without talking about the influence the Neville’s really made on the outcome.
Thanks for taking the time to comment. A very interesting & powerful family.
@@TheHistoryChap The funny thing is that it wasn't even the main branch of the Neville family!
Stupid history joke of the day.
Did Henry VIII drive a coupe or a sedan?
A coupe, because it’s a Tudor ( two door )
you've missed for calling at the comedy club :)
Thanks for taking the time to comment.
Loved this telling of the war of roses, very concise yet so informal GREAT VIDEO!. I have a great passion for British medieval history so will definitely be watching more regularly, hope to see some history videos on the 9th-10th centuries it’s probably one of the most interesting periods in my opinion. the reigns of Ecbert, Alfred, and Edward the first would be awesome
Thank you for your kind words.
Please make sure to subscribe to my channel so you don’t miss future videos.
Hi Seth, Check out my latest video presentation about the Battle of Towton (England's bloodiest battle) fought during the Wars of the Roses th-cam.com/video/VbBHbOBy_X0/w-d-xo.html
Absolutely amazing. Great overview put over so well. Thank you.
Thank you for your kind words.
Please make sure to subscribe to my channel so you don’t miss future videos.
Hi Mark, Check out my latest video presentation about the Battle of Towton (England's bloodiest battle) fought during the Wars of the Roses th-cam.com/video/VbBHbOBy_X0/w-d-xo.html
My family moved to the UK when I was 9 (In the 70s). From that (and my mother being from Manchester and very biased in her historical pov - haha) I knew of The War of the Roses, but honestly, never been very clear on what actually happened. Maybe I was too young to understand in class (Im guessing around 12 when this was covered). This video filled in a huge frustration I've had about something important in history I just felt I was lacking in. Thank you!
Thank you for your kind words.
Please make sure to subscribe to my channel so you don’t miss future videos.
Check out my latest video presentation about the Battle of Towton (England's bloodiest battle) fought during the Wars of the Roses th-cam.com/video/VbBHbOBy_X0/w-d-xo.html
The Wars of the Roses ultimately resulted in the end of the Plantagenet dynasty, which I’ve always found ironic: they basically destroyed themselves from within, through lust and greed for power. Absolute power corrupts absolutely, anyone?
Thank you for taking the time to share your thoughts.
Ive gotta say, @@TheHistoryChap, @DavidHukill is pretty on point with that...
We just want it simple anyway but I’m confused over the family
Superb narration of a fascinating period of English history full of interesting characters. One needs to read only Shakespeare 's plays to understand the intrigues but Lord Lytton's " Last of the Barons", the Biography of Richard Neville,Earl of Warwick is a favorite book of mine. I have visited battlefields of Hexham and Boswort and the Tower where the young princes and George Duke of Clarence were murdered.
Glad you enjoyed it. I hope you enjoyed your visits to the sites. Tewkesbury is worth a visit too.
Interesting video but my OCD kept kicking in - please straighten the picture behind you!
Thanks for the feedback. Always appreciate it so that I can deliver even better videos.
Real life ‘game of thrones’. Lol Great summary, I’ve read a book about the war but it’s confusing remembering who was who in this period.
I’ve seen an absolutely awesome recreation of the battle of Towson, using 6mm scale miniatures at a wargaming show.
Glad you enjoyed this summary. Thanks for commenting.
As a Yankee, this is all too confusing for me, but I still find it interesting.
Therefore, because of my limited intelligence and attention span, I restrict my study of British history from Henry VIII and onwards!
Oh no! The really interesting stuff is War of the Roses and before. Most of America will have grandfathers who fought in these battles, as alot of the English families were coming here in the 1600's. Pre-1600's is where we can learn about our grandfather's. Millions of us... if you have an English or French grandfather, they will have family who participated. Best wishes!
Thanks for sharing. I will be doing some stories from later in British history too. Here is one about The Great Plague in 1665/66
th-cam.com/video/0O1X1LfHwQM/w-d-xo.html
Our history is much more deep and goes back thousands of years ,must be hard to get your head round it all being from as new country .
much.....much better than the BBC bollocks............good job sir,.....greatings from Yugoslavia
Glad you enjoyed it.
I love it when you link to videos like this from a couple of years ago, and i see I've already liked it!
I always watch them again
Thanks for sharing history like you do.
Glad you enjoyed it.
when are you doing a public talk again
English history is like one long HBO drama.
And the really good bit (?) is that it involves real people.
Please subscribe if you enjoy.
it's apparently where GoT got some of the plot from, they just had to tone it down a bit and add dragons 😁
Check out my latest video presentation about the Battle of Towton (England's bloodiest battle) fought during the Wars of the Roses th-cam.com/video/VbBHbOBy_X0/w-d-xo.html
The squabbling Plantagenets. I'm almost certain that most ordinary folk lost track of who was king.
I expect you are aware of the machinations of the Stanleys and Margaret Beauforts marriage into that family which has long placed them under suspiscion over the missing princes.
A great story given the necessary brevity. Thank you
Fascinating period which is a nightmare to try to explain in a short video. Thanks for watching.
Wow, I would like to know more about this turbulent period of history. Well done and keep them coming, amigo.
I produced a paid series (course) a couple of years ago.
Maybe I should resurrect it.
@@TheHistoryChap it sounds like an idea whose time has come.
Excellent Video ....I'm learning...thank you❤
Glad you enjoyed it. It is a confusing as well as intriguing part of English history.
The history is fascinating but it doesn't change the fact that Yorkshire is God's own country. Just saying 🙂
Ha ha.
Being from the colonies (USA) I am not versed at all in the English line of kings and queens. I'm sure there is a way that there is a way to learn a shorthand or easy way of knowing the order. I would like to know if there is a method to the madness.
James, I do a course of 5 talks on it.
If you are interested simply download the family tree of the warring families at my website: www.thehistorychap.com
Very interesting presentation of the history. Richard's picture was just plain scary. I am not surprised Henry VI had some mental breakdowns being in the tower so much. I got my love of history from my dad and some very good history teachers. Have subscribed. Nice to see a woman involved for a change. Look forward to go through your back catalog.
I'm glad you liked this story. Thanks for all your kind comments Lesley.
Hi Lesley, Check out my latest video presentation about the Battle of Towton (England's bloodiest battle) fought during the Wars of the Roses th-cam.com/video/VbBHbOBy_X0/w-d-xo.html
Great vid. Are you going to cover the battle of Northampton?
Will do at some stage. Make sure you subscribe so you don't miss it.
The War Roses sounds a little like The Sopranos in Jersey.
I know, they were a bloody bunch!
If you enjoyed please make sure to subscribe for future videos.
th-cam.com/users/TheHistoryChap
Hmmm, a war of five kings, The Yorks vs The Lancasters, where have I heard that before?
*GoT’s theme starts playing*
And now you know where GOT idea came from :)
Check out my latest video presentation about the Battle of Towton (England's bloodiest battle) fought during the Wars of the Roses th-cam.com/video/VbBHbOBy_X0/w-d-xo.html
We're the red and white roses not the invention of Shakespeare?
Not entirely.
Bro, your picture on the wall is wonky 😂
Thanks for pointing that out.
Like Tyson fury I'm Lancaster and proud only one war ,only one winner the red rose 🥀
Mick, it is good to here a Lancastrian speaking up - plenty of White Rose supporters out there!
@@TheHistoryChap nice one Chris and it's Tyson fury that does us proud these days ,couldn't believe him and one of his brothers after him beating wilder the last time ,all of a sudden singing Lancashire a few times live tv ,and now he's calling himself the Lancaster bomber lol .
Jacobite rebellion? Missing alot
?
Is it warS of the roses or war of the roses?
Wars of the roses
Good question.
It is Wars of the Roses according to Encyclopaedia Britannica.
I believe there were 3 wars, with the somewhat agreed dates being...
1st War - 1455 to 1464
2nd War - 1469 to 1471
3rd War - 1483 to 1487
Nothing to do with two gardeners from Halifax then
Not what they will tell you in Halifax!
@@TheHistoryChap 🤣
Brilliant love it ❤️🇬🇧💙
Glad you enjoyed it. Thanks for watching.
Sir, you are one great teacher.
That’s very kind of you, thanks
Henry Tudor wasn't Lancastrian! An extension of the line through his mother, but he wasn't a Lancastrian which made it easier for Yorkists to accept him (alongside the arranged marriage to Elizabeth of York).
Thanks for taking the time to comment.
He was essentially the closest thing that the Lancastrians had to a candidate after the deaths of Henry VI and his son. Still, his ultimate claim to the throne was Right of Conquest, given that his blood claim through his mother was technically invalid, given the the Beaufort family are the descendents of John of Gaunt and his third wife, and former mistress, Kathryn Swynford. Their children were all born before they were married, making them illegitimate. The Beauforts were legitimized, first by Richard II, and then again by their half sibling, Henry IV, but with the caveat that they and their descendants would be ineligible to inherit the throne. Thus why he married Elizabeth of York, to strengthen his claim by reuniting the warring families and tying himself to the last undisputed monarch, Edward IV. this didn't stop the Tudors, however, from taking any excuse they could to eliminate Yorkist claimants, like when Henry VII had Edward Earl of Warwick, his wife's cousin, executed, and when Henry VIII had Margaret Pole, Countess of Salisbury and Warwicks sister, executed.
@@Isildun9 Yup, also If I remember right the best claim to the throne was through the Mortimer lines, but they weren't interested in it. Also, it was through a female, which didn't really start happening till Mary I and Elizabeth I. So, they just missed it!
@@mmhthree True enough. England for the longest time, like France, only recognized a male inheritent, but unlike France, they would recognize a male born from a female line. Hence Richard of York's claim, as he and his sons were descended from Edmund of Langley, Edward III's fourth son (fifth born, fourth surviving) in the male line, but from Lionel of Antwerp, his second son (third born, second surviving) in the female line.
@@Isildun9 The Beaufort's were legitimised by papal dispensation and an act of parliament during Richard II's reign with Henry adding the excepta dignitate regali clause to the act after his usurpation of the throne. This "could" have been unlawful for the time, I say could as I would need to check the parliament rolls when I next visit the archives but is often overlooked as most people believe that the Beaufort's had no legal claim to the throne due to this but it is by no means accepted that this was the case amongst historians today. Henry must have been aware of this hence the right of conquest claim rather than the claim through his mothers side (along with the fact that John of Gaunt really pushed for a male succession line except when it suited him in Castile!)
Fabulous. Thank you.
My pleasure. Thanks for watching.
The battle of Towton:
Roughly 1.5% of the entire country of England died in one battle on one day... Roughly 3% of all males in England... Or anywhere up to 5% of all adult males in England... Died in one battle on one day.
(Pop est. 2m)
Comparable with battles in the English Civil War and WW1.
great video! 😇
Thanks for watching my video, glad you enjoyed it,
Fantastic thank you
Glad you enjoyed it. Thanks for watching.
Great show old boy
My pleasure.
The true male fantasy
Thanks for taking the time to comment.
This channel should be required viewing for all UK citizens. It’s better than any classroom
That’s a very kind comment, thank you
Thank you so much for uploading this overview of the Wars of the Roses. I have always found it confusing but you have explained it so well. Thank you
Glad you found it useful.
Never really understood the ins and outs of the wars but this video has clarified it somewhat. Great videos in general and now a subscriber (it would be rude not to, seeing as I share the same name as you!!!😂).
Chris, thanks for your support
We’ll done Chris a great job of explaining probably the most complex period in British history
My pleasure thanks for watching
fascinating! Plantagenets.... my aunt claims that supposedly we are related to them and that our surname is like, a minor extinct noble line somehow related to the Plantagenets. Always sounded dubious to me hahaha. I don’t even know how she came to that conclusion in her genealogical “research” of our family. Fun to think about though. How the heck one would even prove such a thing seems very very difficult even with all the dna tech.
Thanks for taking the time to share that bit of family history.
I tried a DNA test with Ancestry.com
It certainly didn't show up any royal blood but I did get 2% Italian. Would like to think it was a Roman centurion but more likely a 19th century ice cream seller!!
Please make sure to subscribe for future videos.
Great video, thank you
I’m glad that you enjoyed my story.
Please make sure to subscribe for future videos.
Hi Shaun, Check out my latest video presentation about the Battle of Towton (England's bloodiest battle) fought during the Wars of the Roses th-cam.com/video/VbBHbOBy_X0/w-d-xo.html
Would the Woodville family be considered commoners, even if they were lower-mid ranking nobility?
I think so. (well certainly by powerful noble families like the Neville's)
good one
Thanks, glad you enjoyed it.
Most enjoyable - and informative; again, thanks.
Thanks for watching and for taking the time to post your feedback
You weave life into history in the way that you tell it. Well done.
My pleasure. If you’d like to learn more about British history, then please sign up for my weekly newsletter at www.thehistorychap.com
Thanks, Chris! This overview helped more than trying to give all the details because it put all the people in the same
"Frame". As always, love your talks'
Wendy, Thank you for your kind words and I'm glad that you found it helpful.
Please make sure to subscribe to my channel so you don’t miss future videos.
If you want a family tree of the Lancastrians and Yorks then pop over to my website www.thehistorychap.com
Hi Wendy, Check out my latest video presentation about the Battle of Towton (England's bloodiest battle) fought during the Wars of the Roses th-cam.com/video/VbBHbOBy_X0/w-d-xo.html
Why does nobody mention the last battle at Stoke Fields
Watch out for the presentation I have planned on that very battle.
Coming soon - please subscribe.
this helped me sm thank you
Thanks for taking the time to comment.
As an old Yorkist myself, I consider their cause to be the most honourable and legitimate. Whenever the Lancastrians were in adversity, they appealed for aid from England's oldest enemies - France, Scotland and Wales. Without this foreign aid, the wars would have ended within a few years, not taking 30 years of civil war to resolve. So which party represented welfare and stability for England and the English people? Hardly the Lancastrians, who brought thirty years of suffering and bloodshed to the country. Furthermore, the subsequent Tudor claim to the throne was miniscule to say the least, and what did the Tudors bring England? The undoubtably insane Henry VIII and his troubled reign, not mentioning his successors (the only one of true value for England being Elizabeth, but even she failed to present England with an ENGLISH successor!). But that's history, no point complaining now, is there?
Interesting point about Lancastrians always getting help from abroad. Never thought of it like that.