As many have expressed the confusion regarding a particular question asking reasons for fold mountains on continental margins as well as contradicting information available regarding nature of Rokies and Andes, I think following points will clarify: 1. Actual categorisation of mountains is not fold and volcanic but fold and block mountains (which she has explained later). Any convergent plate boundary involving a continent, be it C-C or O-C, will create folding action at the continent due to the compressive force on the continental crust. So, yes fold mountains are always found on continental margins. 2. Difference between O-C and C-C convergence is that there will be volcanism underneath O-C and not C-C causing volcanic eruptions and peak formations in the O-C convergent fold mountains. 3. Yes, Rockies are fold mountains and not volcanic mountains. However there is volcanism present underneath, which we know due to the Yellowstone national park and its geyser present right in the middle of rockies. 4. Andes are also fold mountains with volcanic peaks. Their excessive heights are in fact due to folding action only. There is error in information regarding Rocky Mountains though, Cascade and Sierra Nevada are not ranges of Rocky Mountains. All are separate mountain ranges fuelled by probably similar events on American Western Coast.
O-C convergent result in fold mountain as well as volcanic peaks, due to lifting of margins of continental plate, resulting in fold mountain, and as ocean crust subducts, it result into the volcanic activity too.
O-C convergent results in volcanic mountains not folded mountains (these are the result of 0-0 collision thus,plus highest intensity of earthquake ) coz in case of O-C , oceanic crust subducts beneath continental -conversion of basalt in to andescite which leads volcanism and therefore forming volcanic mountains for instance "Andean volcanic belt",Rockies mountains in North America ,atlas mountain range created through the collision between Pacific belt and north or South America belt !!
Thanks for the lecture. But it would been much better if there were some content in the PPT. Like Mrunal Sir's. Just the maps will not work. Please have PPT with content with what ever you explain. It will be very useful to us. Thanks again. :)
Thank you for all your great work !! Better if PPTs are shown only when required. Video presentation would be much clear as done previously. Thanks much...
Very fruitful in initial preparation .... Thanks a lot Mam but it would augment and enhance the understanding of basic concepts if you had placed pointer on slides
hey you..these are not basic concepts but total concepts ..thiz not for initial preparation but for whole preparation ..don't take the izzat of this webseries with your immature comments
Ma'am Rockies are not volcanic mountains they are formed far inward from plate margins. This was because of shallow angle of subduction of oceanic plate and later it hit the continental crust and created Rockies. It has granitic rocks in it(formed in continental crust) if it was volcanic mountain it would have basaltic or andesitic rocks. But since oceanic plate hit the continental plate from below because of shallow subduction it caused uprising of granitic rocks of continental crust and sided away the layer of sedimentary rocks that is why sedimentary rocks are found around rockies. Please correct me if I am wrong
Thanks for the lecture. But it would been much better if there were some content in the PPT. Like Mrunal Sir's. Just the maps will not work. Please have PPT with content with what ever you explain. It will be very useful to us. Thanks again
At 9:10 of this video, there is question reasoning the location of folded mountains across the margins of the continents but as per mam's explanation Volcanoes should form at the continental margin's. kindly clarify??
I think , Rocky,andes are fold mountain but volcanic fold mountain(ocean-continent) and Himalaya,alps are also fold mountain but without volcanic erruption(continent-continent)...
Mam 1stly there was a 1st very thin layer of crust Then metors hit earth surfaces nd volcanoes form And due to that basalt rocks forms So was there continent all over the earth or water????
Her teaching is good , we r lucky that we got all lec in TH-cam ... Bt the only flaw is that when she show maps on ppt we can't address her properly....
I think , Rocky,andes are fold mountain but volcanic fold mountain(ocean-continent) and Himalaya,alps are also fold mountain but without volcanic erruption(continent-continent)...
mam , the mains ques asked that why the fold mountain systems are located near margins of coast,,, and also the association of them with volcanism and earthquake,,....and u told that mountains near coast are volcanic while fold mountains are interior and also that fold mountains have no vulcanism.... just opposite of the mains ques .. pls clearify this doubt mam
+Prabhakar Chaturvedi Because first o-o convergent took place then due to which volcanism appeared then c-c convergent took place due to which fold mountains were formed.I think so.
But in the areas of Andes and Rockies, there is only O-C convergence. So as per Madam, it is volcanic mountains. But, question asked in UPSC is that why fold mountains exist in the continental margins. Needs clarification. Any one?
there are fold mountains with volcanic activity and without volcanic activity, in the above question it was fold mountains with volcanic activity. refer gc leong page no 15.thanq
Both the question and the explanation in the video are correct. There is a difference between "margins of continent" and "coastal margin". Himalayas are also on the continental margin of Indian plate and eurasian plate; Urals are on the continental margin of Asian and Europian Plates.
The Himalayan Formation which Mam explained is based on theory of Plate Tectonics. The Himalayan formation is also explained with the help of Geosyncline formation (which is now obsolete) . In most of the websites etc ,it is explained by Geosyncline theory. I was getting confused between the two . So if asked in the exam , which theory one should use to explain Himalayan formation if it is not mentioned in the question the name of any of the two theorys?.??
Ma'am, U hv mentioned here, that , for meteorites attacks, Earth's interior volcanoes came out, but when Earth was getting cold from a gaseous form n definitely there would be no solid crust or land thr, then, pls explain, that wt volcanoes were coming out, were those only fires or fires having molten lands which have elements which could create lands!?...
Ma’am can you please tell me which plate rose over which plate (was it Indian plate over Eurasian plate or the other way around ) in the creation of Himalayas and the reason for the same? thank you :)
*if fold mountains are formed due to c-c convergence and volcanic mountains are formed due to o-c convergence, shouldn't the question be : why volcanic mountains are formed at margins of continent?*
mains 2014 questions, how is this means O-C plates collision form VOLCANIC mountains a/c to lecture but the question is about FOLD mountains and MAM said because of O-C plates collision , Fold mountains formed along the Continental margins. Are they same?
Mam, at around 1:15 in the video you point out that continental crust is indestructible. What about the chunk of continental crust slipping down during rift valley formation? Please Elaborate.
andes and rockies are fold mountains and not volcanic mountains as told in the video! pls confirm..they are formed at the oceanic -continental boundary
In the areas of Andes and Rockies, there is only O-C convergence. So as per Madam, it is volcanic mountains. But, question asked in UPSC is that why fold mountains exist in the continental margins. Needs clarification. Any one?
we still need clarification. what volcanic fold mountains man , atleast explain it. dont answer if u are still in confusion or u dont know making it complicated for others.
fold mountains are created, when two plates move towards each other , they may be C-C or O-C but not O-O i,e at least one continental plate is involved. the question asked above was about fold mountains created due to O-C convergence i,e fold mountains with volcanic activity which are created near coasts .i hope it is clear frnd..still facing the doubt , refer GC LEONG GEOGRAPHY page no 15. thanq
Ppl who wasted 1.50 lakhs in coaching are also coming here to study geography.. in 2020 😂.. thankyou mam
Why?! Aren't these coachings providing them online classes??
true that
😂😂
Right said ma'm
😂😂😂👍👍👍
As many have expressed the confusion regarding a particular question asking reasons for fold mountains on continental margins as well as contradicting information available regarding nature of Rokies and Andes, I think following points will clarify:
1. Actual categorisation of mountains is not fold and volcanic but fold and block mountains (which she has explained later). Any convergent plate boundary involving a continent, be it C-C or O-C, will create folding action at the continent due to the compressive force on the continental crust. So, yes fold mountains are always found on continental margins.
2. Difference between O-C and C-C convergence is that there will be volcanism underneath O-C and not C-C causing volcanic eruptions and peak formations in the O-C convergent fold mountains.
3. Yes, Rockies are fold mountains and not volcanic mountains. However there is volcanism present underneath, which we know due to the Yellowstone national park and its geyser present right in the middle of rockies.
4. Andes are also fold mountains with volcanic peaks. Their excessive heights are in fact due to folding action only.
There is error in information regarding Rocky Mountains though, Cascade and Sierra Nevada are not ranges of Rocky Mountains. All are separate mountain ranges fuelled by probably similar events on American Western Coast.
Thx
Thanks
Thankzzz
ROCKIES FOLD
SIERRA NVADA - BLOCK
Concepts and theories of geography is kind a COUSIN of that of Physics 🤩
Correction** : Longest river of Europe is Volga (Russia) , Danube is the second longest river.
Yeah but if we consider Russia as a part of Europe.
Some part of Russia Including Moscow is a part of Europe.
EURESIA
Twists after twists . she know all the reasons behind each geographical happenings . thanks mam .love you
This is best lecture ever...
Geography itne ache se samjh aa sakta Hain..ham kbhi nahi soche te..
Thank you so much Mam ❤️
there is a correction, kiev is situated on Dnieper not Deniester.
O-C convergent result in fold mountain as well as volcanic peaks, due to lifting of margins of continental plate, resulting in fold mountain, and as ocean crust subducts, it result into the volcanic activity too.
Aditya Adey folded mountains are created not only because of convergence of o-c but also c-c
O-C convergent results in volcanic mountains not folded mountains (these are the result of 0-0 collision thus,plus highest intensity of earthquake ) coz in case of O-C , oceanic crust subducts beneath continental -conversion of basalt in to andescite which leads volcanism and therefore forming volcanic mountains for instance "Andean volcanic belt",Rockies mountains in North America ,atlas mountain range created through the collision between Pacific belt and north or South America belt !!
First time loving to study Geography.
Thank you mam
Video uploaded on 14 feb 2015 , and on 8th april 2015 nepal main bada earth quake Aaaya 13:22 main mam ne iss bare main aagah kar diya tha🤣🤣
Thanks for the lecture. But it would been much better if there were some content in the PPT. Like Mrunal Sir's.
Just the maps will not work. Please have PPT with content with what ever you explain. It will be very useful to us. Thanks again. :)
Thank you for all your great work !! Better if PPTs are shown only when required. Video presentation would be much clear as done previously. Thanks much...
Very fruitful in initial preparation .... Thanks a lot Mam but it would augment and enhance the understanding of basic concepts if you had placed pointer on slides
hey you..these are not basic concepts but total concepts ..thiz not for initial preparation but for whole preparation ..don't take the izzat of this webseries with your immature comments
Here comes madam ka chamcha
@@mayankbhupesh1073 lol
Ma'am Rockies are not volcanic mountains they are formed far inward from plate margins.
This was because of shallow angle of subduction of oceanic plate and later it hit the continental crust and created Rockies. It has granitic rocks in it(formed in continental crust) if it was volcanic mountain it would have basaltic or andesitic rocks. But since oceanic plate hit the continental plate from below because of shallow subduction it caused uprising of granitic rocks of continental crust and sided away the layer of sedimentary rocks that is why sedimentary rocks are found around rockies.
Please correct me if I am wrong
th-cam.com/video/tJk9cFz152s/w-d-xo.html Thank you so much for this comment :)
@@shallurana3840 thanks
I think what you are trying to refer is right in aspect of the Southern Rockies and not the Northern and Middle Rockies.
Did you clear upsc it's been 3 years please reply
@@shallurana3840 thanks
Thanks for the lecture. But it would been much better if there were some content in the PPT. Like Mrunal Sir's.
Just the maps will not work. Please have PPT with content with what ever you explain. It will be very useful to us. Thanks again
At 9:10 of this video, there is question reasoning the location of folded mountains across the margins of the continents but as per mam's explanation Volcanoes should form at the continental margin's. kindly clarify??
volcanic folded mountains
Bro prelims diya iss baar wala
Thank u mam but I hv a humble request with u "plz upload all these video in FULL HD quality"
14:50 par apne bola o-o collision s volcanic bana ?? Bcz volacnic jab banega tab o-c collision hoga
Mam you are great and teaching style is nice because of linkage of topic
I think ,
Rocky,andes are fold mountain but volcanic fold mountain(ocean-continent) and Himalaya,alps are also fold mountain but without volcanic erruption(continent-continent)...
Completed 🎉🎉🎉
Best lectures for geography on youtube....thanks mam
One of the adorable video.....Thank you very much
thanku for this wonderful and completly understandable lectures
Mam
1stly there was a 1st very thin layer of crust
Then metors hit earth surfaces nd volcanoes form
And due to that basalt rocks forms
So was there continent all over the earth or water????
Her teaching is good , we r lucky that we got all lec in TH-cam ... Bt the only flaw is that when she show maps on ppt we can't address her properly....
Best thing to do on Feb 14th is not to spend time with gf but to upload this video :). Thank you Mrunal and Madam :)
Mam.. plz.. hm students ki suniye.. videos aur clr & arrow indicator v clr dikhaye.. we will be very grateful forever. 🙏🙏🙏🙏
*THE END*
*Jai Hind Mam!* 🇮🇳
*(**05:08:20**19)* ☀️ *(**12:21**)pm*
Po river is in Italy. There is no agriculture in Venice that city is just built to increase trade. 21:12
andes,rockies are fold mountains(c-c plate) or volcano mountains(o-c plates) as explained in the previous lecture?
oc
I think ,
Rocky,andes are fold mountain but volcanic fold mountain(ocean-continent) and Himalaya,alps are also fold mountain but without volcanic erruption(continent-continent)...
*Jai Hind Mam!* 🇮🇳💕💕💕💕
*(14/02/2020)* 💕💕💕💕💕
💕💕💕💕💕💕💕💕💕💕
Ma'am, even, U r not writing the names f the places or showing them, we may write it with wrong spelling n that can make our marks terrific!
Very Thank full to your work sir & mam...
Marvellous content
*Jai Hind Mam!*
(20/05/2018)➡️(08:34 am)
mam , the mains ques asked that why the fold mountain systems are located near margins of coast,,, and also the association of them with volcanism and earthquake,,....and u told that mountains near coast are volcanic while fold mountains are interior and also that fold mountains have no vulcanism.... just opposite of the mains ques .. pls clearify this doubt mam
+Prabhakar Chaturvedi Because first o-o convergent took place then due to which volcanism appeared then c-c convergent took place due to which fold mountains were formed.I think so.
But in the areas of Andes and Rockies, there is only O-C convergence. So as per Madam, it is volcanic mountains. But, question asked in UPSC is that why fold mountains exist in the continental margins. Needs clarification. Any one?
there are fold mountains with volcanic activity and without volcanic activity, in the above question it was fold mountains with volcanic activity. refer gc leong page no 15.thanq
Do u get the answer..... I have same doubt, couldn’t find appropriate answer for this
Both the question and the explanation in the video are correct. There is a difference between "margins of continent" and "coastal margin". Himalayas are also on the continental margin of Indian plate and eurasian plate; Urals are on the continental margin of Asian and Europian Plates.
@ 21:06- Berlin is located on the banks of rivers spree and havel. Someone please clarify
Spree flows into Havel which flows into Elbe & then into North Sea. Wiki
is this videos still relevant for 2023 upsc exam?
Still beneficial for 2022
sir i cant see the arrow mark where is she pointing n explaining
Same problem
Same
The Himalayan Formation which Mam explained is based on theory of Plate Tectonics. The Himalayan formation is also explained with the help of Geosyncline formation (which is now obsolete) . In most of the websites etc ,it is explained by Geosyncline theory. I was getting confused between the two . So if asked in the exam , which theory one should use to explain Himalayan formation if it is not mentioned in the question the name of any of the two theorys?.??
did you find the answer
i think it should be tectonic plate theory, not 100% sure though
Ma'am, U hv mentioned here, that , for meteorites attacks, Earth's interior volcanoes came out, but when Earth was getting cold from a gaseous form n definitely there would be no solid crust or land thr, then, pls explain, that wt volcanoes were coming out, were those only fires or fires having molten lands which have elements which could create lands!?...
do u want to do phd in geo
Big mistake---
Fold mountain question after study volcanic mountains.
*Jai Hind Mam!*
(13/04/2018)➡️(01:23 pm)
Is lonar lake(MH) formation also include or due to meteorite impact theory????
Ma’am can you please tell me which plate rose over which plate (was it Indian plate over Eurasian plate or the other way around ) in the creation of Himalayas and the reason for the same? thank you :)
Ig it's Indian over Eurasian as Indian plate is lighter as compared to Eurasian
*if fold mountains are formed due to c-c convergence and volcanic mountains are formed due to o-c convergence, shouldn't the question be : why volcanic mountains are formed at margins of continent?*
Because O-C collision occur at coastal region while there is no coastal region in C-C... simple 😄😄
@@mohilvaghela1474 can you elaborate it?
Exactly! Did you got your answer?
👮 *Jai Hind Mam!* ✔️
*(02/04/2021)* *(**12:43**)pm*
Volga is the longest river of Europe as the wiki says, danube comes the second.
Danube is the longest river of the EU . volga is longest for Europe.
Most probably she didn't consider the Russia part
Kiev is located near river Dnieper and NOT Deniester. As i found.
mains 2014 questions, how is this means O-C plates collision form VOLCANIC mountains a/c to lecture but the question is about FOLD mountains and MAM said because of O-C plates collision , Fold mountains formed along the Continental margins. Are they same?
very good video
please upload videos on science tech
culture &
ethics [ gs paper 4 ]
Bhai aaapne prelims diya tha iss baar wala ?
frankfurt is located on maine, rather than rhine i guess!
maine river is the second stream of rhine river. so sometimes its called with the same name . answer will depend on options i guess
Is this from ncert?? Or any other book
Ncert aur basic concept then you follow any book more than sufficient for prelims .
Leaving my Comment
here for 2023 ☝️
Thank you mam for shere youre best in hindi....
Where are you from?
Thank you so much 🥰
Mam, at around 1:15 in the video you point out that continental crust is indestructible. What about the chunk of continental crust slipping down during rift valley formation? Please Elaborate.
+Abhishek Pandey they're diverging. so it just spreads out. we're looking at the rift valley millions of years before there's a nascent sea.
Can someone explain when oceanic and continental crust meet , why is it due to divergent limb please explain ?
it's due to Descending limbs of the convection cell that cause diverge plate boundary.
Longest river of europe is River Volga and Danube is Second longest.
exactly
Do continental plate with higher velocity get subducts ???
Correction** KIEV is situated near Dnieper river not Dniester river.
Thanku Mam 🙏❤️
Ma'am all the books show Andes and Rockies mainly as fold mountains
Awesome!
I checked it. Its Dnieper that passes through Kiev,Ukraine and not Dniester.
Sir I can't saw mark when explaining margin
Are all these series of mam in sequence way or not??
Unable to see arrow?
❤❤ 1:31 1:32 1:33
18:29 rivers L-7
*Jai Hind Mam!* ✔️
*(19/11/2020)* *(**10:03**)am*
Andes and Rockies are supposed to be fold mountains and not volcanic mountains even though volcanism exists in them
Pdf available or not ?
Thank you Ma'am
thank u very much madam
Can anyone explain in simple why do the plates have to move and collide why can't they stay as they are
Any specific reasons for the plates moving
Kiev on Dniepra River
Thnkuhhh mam.
28 dec 2023 11 :57 am started
How many plates were involved in the formation of the himalaya ... Tethys sea was on which plate?
urasian +indoaustralian plate
बहुत बहुत धन्यवाद
Thanks 🙏
thank you so much mam !
Nice class mam
North east mein temprature Kam kyu hota hai June mein bhi someone explain please 🙏
andes and rockies are fold mountains and not volcanic mountains as told in the video! pls confirm..they are formed at the oceanic -continental boundary
+Ishan Aggarwal yes G.C.Leong calls Andes Rockies fold mountains. how to confirm?
+Anushruti Pandey even i have a similar doubt...did u find any alternative source of info clarifying our doubts?
Lactures are just amazing but😢 mam ap jha pe samjare ho mapping pe use indicate nhi krte ho smj nhi aata ki konsi place ki bat kre ho 😢😢😢😢
This is core of the geography ....you should have basic knowledge of world map
now please can you connect this with how the recycling of minerals will take place??
ma'am longest river u mentioned in europe is danube,however i found its volga,pls clarify
No ,Danube is the longest river !
Please use pointers mam
for the past 2 hours i am not able to open the site mrunal...help pls
Rockeis, Andes mountains are volcanic mountains or fold mountains??????
In the areas of Andes and Rockies, there is only O-C convergence. So as per Madam, it is volcanic mountains. But, question asked in UPSC is that why fold mountains exist in the continental margins. Needs clarification. Any one?
+RAVI SHANKAR KUMAR volcanic folded mountains ....
we still need clarification. what volcanic fold mountains man , atleast explain it. dont answer if u are still in confusion or u dont know making it complicated for others.
fold mountains are created, when two plates move towards each other , they may be C-C or O-C but not O-O
i,e at least one continental plate is involved. the question asked above was about fold mountains created due to O-C convergence i,e fold mountains with volcanic activity which are created near coasts .i hope it is clear frnd..still facing the doubt , refer GC LEONG GEOGRAPHY page no 15. thanq
Hello....
How to download POWERPOINT slide of lecture?
28 dec 2023 12:39 pm ended
can any one please, why Transform faults found vertically (longitudinal) to mid oceanic ridges?
Re-examine your question please ?? Transform faults to MOR what does it mean!?
thanks to so much mam....
🏆 *Jai Hind Mam!* 🏆
_(02/10/2018)🇮🇳(11:25 am)_
🛡️🛡️🛡️🛡️🛡️🛡️🛡️🛡️🛡️🛡️🛡️🛡️🛡️🛡️🛡️
*BLOOD SWEAT TEARS*
🎯🎯🎯🎯🎯🎯🎯🎯🎯🎯🎯🎯🎯🎯🎯
Kiev is located on dnieper river not dniester.