I have no idea how i stumbled on to this video, and i'm not a smart person, but this intelliegent young man made me find science very interesting. I admire you.
I had never put much thought into the mechanism that's causing the depletion of the ozone layer. To be honest before clicking on this video I would of said ozone was an element and not a combination of 3 oxygen atoms. In just over 8 minutes the Professor has clearly and concisely explained the process in a way I can visualise it happening. Thank you for these channels and the time and effort you and your colleagues give to promote thought and understanding of this amazing world we live in.
What makes the chlorine ions go inactive? It seems more like a catalyst than a exhaustible reactant. Does it bind with some other molecule to become inert to O3?
Excellent and informative video! The atmosphere is so important and it should be top priority. On a side note, I had a chuckle when the professor lost his words when the girls in bikini walked by. It could be just a coincidence though haha.
This explanation of O3 is very well done. I (like many others) gravitate towards visual references while learning...Thank you Periodic Videos! Any chance at a video made on Hypothetical compounds? Cyclic ozone, hexaphenylethane and above all Bromochlorofluoroiodomethane. Again, Thank you all for the amazing videos.
The argument as to why the hole is more pronounced over the Antarctic rather than the Arctic is due largely because the temperatures over the Arctic in the lower stratosphere are higher. This is because the upper atmospheric circulation is faster in the northern winter/spring. This is because the northern topography generates more gravity waves than the southern counterpart. The polar vortex is also more stable in the south. Together this means the temperatures are lower. (part 1 of 2)
The chemistry that destroys ozone requires maintenance of the polar stratospheric clouds into springtime. The temperatures required are those below about 195 K at which nitric acid trihydrate crystals are thermodynamically stable.(part 2 of 2)
@Ricalloo Many sources produce O3 and one of them is high voltages creating coronas and sparks. Most photocopiers have "corona wires" that apply a charge to the paper so the ink will cling to it and this is what make ozone in your xerox machine.
@TheReaverOfDarkness eventually, yes... this is why the holes eventually (after a very long time) repair themselves... but bear in mind the ozone layer is fairly substantial and took a long time to form, you can see how a sudden loss of O3 causes a hole.
@sikaisvirins Weather patterns can also have a factor. Most industrial cities exist in the sub-tropical temporate zones. The pressure gradient tends to push air from the tropics northward until it collides with the polar front. This traps the colder air above 60 degrees of latitude. The mixing of the air at the polar front is poor, so the hole persists becasue ozone from the tropics is not able to replace it. Just a partial explination.
so ozone is more reactive than a normal oxygenmolecule, what would it then look like if you put a glowing piece of wood into pure ozone, because in pure oxygen it allready burns really bright
I'm alittle confused. How can a molecule like cfc even make it up to that point in the atmosphere to react with the O3? I mean carbon bonded with fluorine should make it heavier then just O3 shouldn't it?
@jmanders1 hi - i dont have enough time or space to explain properly. Im pretty sure sixtysymbols has a vid on this. Its to do with the wavelength of blue light in relation to the size of an oxygen molecule, and how it is scattered, or should i say the fact that its scattered. the sixtysymbols vid also explains nicely why sunsets appear red/orange/yellow :)
This effect, where ozone reaches the ground, is actually why you can't by sunscreen lotion with an SPF of 15 or 20, I can't remember which right now; my visit to Australia was over ten years ago.
@TheReaverOfDarkness If I recall this correctly (it's been a while since I learned this in school) the problem was this: O² + O -> O³ and O³ + UV -> O² + O is what happens normaly. Now here comes our bad element X: X + O³ -> XO + O² and XO + O -> X + O². So essentially what now happens is this: O² + O -> O³ and O³ + O -> O² + O². First of all the Ozon is of no use if it doesn't use the harmful UV and second you take all the O and create O² from it but you need O to form O³.
Would it be possible for periodicvideos to SHOW us liquid ozone. I mean, I know it's explosive on being allowed to boil an all, but it's just something I've always wanted to actually SEE. There doesn't seem to be any existing video, or any good images of it in existence of it anywhere, and it would provide fantastic demonstration of the quantum mechanical three body problem that gives rise to the color of liquid oxygen and ozone.
@jmanders1 dont be satisfied with the brief blurb i gave u - theres a little more to it than that. sorry I cant remember the name of the 60symbols vid, but it does have the american lady physics/cosmol/astrophysics? prof in it. Im sure someone else here will be able to help. gotta run now :)
I wonder though, if Ozone never formed or couldn't form on Earth for whatever reason, if animals would not have simply evolved biological mechanisms for dealing with a high UV environment.
Why is it that CFCs, which is a heavy compound, can make their way to the upper atmosphere and ozone at ground level doesn't. What mechanism in nature selectively pushes heavy compounds upwards and keeps lighter compounds at ground level? Shouldn't all gases be in some sort of current which circulates them? Shouldn't CFCs at ground level attack the ground level ozone and disassociate it just as it does in the upper atmosphere? I've wondered this for years and never heard an explanation.
@otleybey True. Perhaps I should have said a series molecule instead of linear... A ring should be possible based on valence electrons. Three oxygen atoms could form three co-valent bonds. But the geometry might not work. =/
@LutzDerLurch "Filtering"? I didn't write anything about filtering it. Nor, do I think it would be worth pursuing pumping up All of the lower atmosphere. When larger cities have ozone alert warning days, or smog alert days, they could turn on their pumping stations to create flow of their air at or near ground level. Certainly nothing to clean up the whole atmosphere, only one urban / industrial area. It would still be win/win.
Up until now I was on the fence (yet leaning at least) about the anthropogenic nature of global warming but this puts all that nonsense to bed for me. Thank you Prof for another simple explanation of a complex problem.
Good video! I really like your way of presenting things! When you mentioned the color of ozone, a question i've been wondering for a long time came to mind: Why is the sky blue? Do you know (or anybody reading this)? Is it only ozone or do other gases contribute? Cheers!
it looks like someone s trying to expose that land... i have some questions though: why are there more molecules there? what makes them gather? ;what happens to the o2 after the cl takes an o? ;and can there be o7 out there? or even o20? also, as i get it, if it s o2, or o4,o6,o8?, it s actually not bad for you; but good. thx
*--insert Spongebob push Bikini Bottom somewhere else joke here--* Now that the nonsense has been taken care of, i would like to state that the demonstration here was well done.
I always assumed that ozone was a ring shaped molecule like benzene. But it turns out it's a linear molecule as per the professor's model. Probably why it's so unstable... I wonder if it's possible for an O³ allotrope to exist in a ring under the right conditions?
This is an example of the environment influencing educational psychology. Thankfully I knew everything he said, else I'd have heard very little--absorbed in the background.
Leave it to Poliakoff to go sit in the sand at the beach wearing leather shoes, slacks, a shirt & tie, and a vest.
What are those people looking at? Haven't they ever seen a wacky British chemist talking about o-zone on a world famous beach before?
The professor gets all the beaches
How much do you want to bet that the throat clear at 4:15 was to Brady for not paying attention?
no bikini clad woman can compare to the intense epicness that is the atomic foundation of our world.
I'd kill to have half the class of this man.
professor is looking hella fly.
O2 is what you call normal oxygen, O3 is what you call ozone. But do you know what it is called when you don't have any oxygen at all?
O-no
I love you so much for this.
Epic guy, sitting at the beach with a tie, a fuck yeah glasses and praying with the sand.
If they open Sir Martyn's luggage in the customs, the officers must be very confused to find all those strange plastic toys :)
after many years of chemistry, my hands shake too and my hair has gone all fuzzy.
Draw me like one of your Lewis dot structures
The Professor: Surrounded by beautiful bikini clad women, more interested in molecules.
4:13 Sorry, you lost me for a minute there. What were we talking about again?
Could this man be any more awesome? I think not. This video was fantastic. Sharing it with my (smart) friends.
i love how the prof clears his throat at 4:14 when two bikini girls passed by hehehe...
Styling their hair, you know pssshhhh
Only Martyn would go to one of the worlds nicest beach and talk about chemistry!! Legend!!
When I saw the thumbnail my instant thought was
Ladies, Form a line.
The professor cleared his throat at just the right time to get my attention back from the girls walking by
I have no idea how i stumbled on to this video, and i'm not a smart person, but this intelliegent young man made me find science very interesting. I admire you.
I had never put much thought into the mechanism that's causing the depletion of the ozone layer. To be honest before clicking on this video I would of said ozone was an element and not a combination of 3 oxygen atoms. In just over 8 minutes the Professor has clearly and concisely explained the process in a way I can visualise it happening. Thank you for these channels and the time and effort you and your colleagues give to promote thought and understanding of this amazing world we live in.
Bond(i) Beach, and he's explaining atomic bonds, keep up the good work!
Chemistry and women in bikinies, this is one of your best videos
Professor, i am so upset with myself because I did not meet you during ur stay in Sydney. You are like a rockstar to me.
I'm on Bondi Beach and... I want to talk about the ozone. Priceless! hahaha
He went to the beach - for the plot.
so much swag
too little video
Beach chemistry is hard to follow...
Sir, having a good time at the beach? sightseeing of course?
6:53 What are you doing girls? this is a science video!
What makes the chlorine ions go inactive? It seems more like a catalyst than a exhaustible reactant. Does it bind with some other molecule to become inert to O3?
Excellent and informative video! The atmosphere is so important and it should be top priority. On a side note, I had a chuckle when the professor lost his words when the girls in bikini walked by. It could be just a coincidence though haha.
You know he slayed that day
I'm mainly watching these videos to see his outrageous hair :)
This explanation of O3 is very well done. I (like many others) gravitate towards visual references while learning...Thank you Periodic Videos!
Any chance at a video made on Hypothetical compounds? Cyclic ozone, hexaphenylethane and above all Bromochlorofluoroiodomethane. Again, Thank you all for the amazing videos.
the one guy on the beach who is wearing a tie
wearing a tie at the beach LIKE A BOSS!
The argument as to why the hole is more pronounced over the Antarctic rather than the Arctic is due largely because the temperatures over the Arctic in the lower stratosphere are higher. This is because the upper atmospheric circulation is faster in the northern winter/spring. This is because the northern topography generates more gravity waves than the southern counterpart. The polar vortex is also more stable in the south. Together this means the temperatures are lower. (part 1 of 2)
The chemistry that destroys ozone requires maintenance of the polar stratospheric clouds into springtime. The temperatures required are those below about 195 K at which nitric acid trihydrate crystals are thermodynamically stable.(part 2 of 2)
@Ricalloo Many sources produce O3 and one of them is high voltages creating coronas and sparks. Most photocopiers have "corona wires" that apply a charge to the paper so the ink will cling to it and this is what make ozone in your xerox machine.
Fabulous explanation of the ozone hole CFC thing.
OK, is there any chance the ground level ozone will float up and plug the hole?
Am I the only one who clicked the video because of the awesome thumbnail? XD
@TheReaverOfDarkness eventually, yes... this is why the holes eventually (after a very long time) repair themselves... but bear in mind the ozone layer is fairly substantial and took a long time to form, you can see how a sudden loss of O3 causes a hole.
@sikaisvirins Weather patterns can also have a factor. Most industrial cities exist in the sub-tropical temporate zones. The pressure gradient tends to push air from the tropics northward until it collides with the polar front. This traps the colder air above 60 degrees of latitude. The mixing of the air at the polar front is poor, so the hole persists becasue ozone from the tropics is not able to replace it. Just a partial explination.
so ozone is more reactive than a normal oxygenmolecule, what would it then look like if you put a glowing piece of wood into pure ozone, because in pure oxygen it allready burns really bright
chemistry of sea water might be interesting, maybe some kind of video on salts?
I'm alittle confused. How can a molecule like cfc even make it up to that point in the atmosphere to react with the O3? I mean carbon bonded with fluorine should make it heavier then just O3 shouldn't it?
@jmanders1 hi - i dont have enough time or space to explain properly. Im pretty sure sixtysymbols has a vid on this. Its to do with the wavelength of blue light in relation to the size of an oxygen molecule, and how it is scattered, or should i say the fact that its scattered. the sixtysymbols vid also explains nicely why sunsets appear red/orange/yellow :)
This effect, where ozone reaches the ground, is actually why you can't by sunscreen lotion with an SPF of 15 or 20, I can't remember which right now; my visit to Australia was over ten years ago.
@TheReaverOfDarkness If I recall this correctly (it's been a while since I learned this in school) the problem was this: O² + O -> O³ and O³ + UV -> O² + O is what happens normaly. Now here comes our bad element X: X + O³ -> XO + O² and XO + O -> X + O². So essentially what now happens is this: O² + O -> O³ and O³ + O -> O² + O². First of all the Ozon is of no use if it doesn't use the harmful UV and second you take all the O and create O² from it but you need O to form O³.
6:50 the professor is being 'checked out'.
Would it be possible for periodicvideos to SHOW us liquid ozone. I mean, I know it's explosive on being allowed to boil an all, but it's just something I've always wanted to actually SEE. There doesn't seem to be any existing video, or any good images of it in existence of it anywhere, and it would provide fantastic demonstration of the quantum mechanical three body problem that gives rise to the color of liquid oxygen and ozone.
Is there anything that can be done to encourage the re-formation of ozone over the poles?
it can be purple, usually during a sunset. because of the way the sunlight is scattered at the horizon, which is why you see the different colors.
@TheNoiseySpectator It is fra from easyfiltering literally all of the lower atmosphere and then "pumping" stuff into the upper atmosphere.
so this is what the prof does on his holiday
I'm Australian, from Sydney, I'd love to meet you guys if you come back
When are they going to do an episode about carbamide?
I'm in love with him, his little vest is so cute
@jmanders1 dont be satisfied with the brief blurb i gave u - theres a little more to it than that. sorry I cant remember the name of the 60symbols vid, but it does have the american lady physics/cosmol/astrophysics? prof in it. Im sure someone else here will be able to help. gotta run now :)
Thanks for explaining this.
Good to see the Professor bringing his toys on holiday. Did he have a bucket and spade too? :D
I wonder though, if Ozone never formed or couldn't form on Earth for whatever reason, if animals would not have simply evolved biological mechanisms for dealing with a high UV environment.
0:26 Is he demonstrating how to look for bumps. THE PROFESSOR ROCKS!!!
heavier yes, but it has lower density than air so i goes up. and chlorine is destroying O3 so fast that 2 O → O2 happens before O + O2 → O3
Come and visit UNSW next time you are in sydney. We are pretty close to bondi beach!!
Truly my nerd hero.
@kruminjanis Thanks! Do you know the colour of any of the other gases in air/the atmosphere?
Why is it that CFCs, which is a heavy compound, can make their way to the upper atmosphere and ozone at ground level doesn't. What mechanism in nature selectively pushes heavy compounds upwards and keeps lighter compounds at ground level? Shouldn't all gases be in some sort of current which circulates them? Shouldn't CFCs at ground level attack the ground level ozone and disassociate it just as it does in the upper atmosphere?
I've wondered this for years and never heard an explanation.
@otleybey True. Perhaps I should have said a series molecule instead of linear...
A ring should be possible based on valence electrons. Three oxygen atoms could form three co-valent bonds. But the geometry might not work. =/
I don't think I've ever seen anyone look as cool as Professor Poliakoff in this video.
6:49 ,The girls are dazzled by professors awesomeness *_*
Very informative! Love these videos!
@LutzDerLurch
"Filtering"? I didn't write anything about filtering it. Nor, do I think it would be worth pursuing pumping up All of the lower atmosphere.
When larger cities have ozone alert warning days, or smog alert days, they could turn on their pumping stations to create flow of their air at or near ground level.
Certainly nothing to clean up the whole atmosphere, only one urban / industrial area. It would still be win/win.
Up until now I was on the fence (yet leaning at least) about the anthropogenic nature of global warming but this puts all that nonsense to bed for me. Thank you Prof for another simple explanation of a complex problem.
why was CFC even used in spray cans? What purpose did it propose?
omg i learn more chemistry on this than my high school teacher taught me for a year...
look at the girls at 6:49, they laugh at him lol
their bikinis would drop if they knew what the professor was talking about
@otleybey Thanks, that's kind of what I figured. If this resonance is measurable, then it cannot be denied.
Good video! I really like your way of presenting things!
When you mentioned the color of ozone, a question i've been wondering for a long time came to mind: Why is the sky blue? Do you know (or anybody reading this)? Is it only ozone or do other gases contribute? Cheers!
@krakaprepper The F-C bond is much stronger than the Cl-C bond, so you would need more energetic light.
@jmanders1 oxygen is light blue color if you check periodic videos
what kind of shades is the prof wearing
Can I ask what gas is used nowadays in aerosols?
Yes nice upload Brady and Prof P! Is this from summer, or is this Bondi in WINTER?! Wow if it is - warmer than here in NZ this time of year lol!
it looks like someone s trying to expose that land...
i have some questions though: why are there more molecules there? what makes them gather? ;what happens to the o2 after the cl takes an o? ;and can there be o7 out there? or even o20?
also, as i get it, if it s o2, or o4,o6,o8?, it s actually not bad for you; but good.
thx
*--insert Spongebob push Bikini Bottom somewhere else joke here--*
Now that the nonsense has been taken care of, i would like to state that the demonstration here was well done.
I always assumed that ozone was a ring shaped molecule like benzene. But it turns out it's a linear molecule as per the professor's model. Probably why it's so unstable...
I wonder if it's possible for an O³ allotrope to exist in a ring under the right conditions?
good to end on a positive note
The professor looks so cool in his sunglasses!
This is a great video, just had a test on this in my Pharmaceutics class. Which this came out a few days prior. Lol
I completely tuned out at 6:49
Brady's from Aus so he's probably used to this sort of exposure :D
This is an example of the environment influencing educational psychology. Thankfully I knew everything he said, else I'd have heard very little--absorbed in the background.
Professor Rowland, the man who discovered how CFC is destroying the ozone layer was passed away recently. Very sad
Does he ever break character?
This is interesting! 4:13 ... what did you say? Sorry, i was distracted
oh my goooood come back to australia!!!!!! pleeeease
The only person on that beach in a shirt and tie, legend!