I find it remarkable that Argonauts (a kind of octopus) make a brood nest out of a material that they secrete that bears a striking resemblance to the coiled shells of the nautilus and ammonites despite being made from completely different processes. It's like they wish they still had shells.
Thats really interesting, evolution has weird turns of events haha. In fact, after losing their shell octopus got smart enough to grab shells from other animals like clams and use them as portable shells. That use of tools shows how smart this animals really are.
@@28_ranggaclio Is it though? If it was convergent evolution they would be making a legitimate shell and not some disposable brood chamber. Maybe convergent in appearance only but not really in function.
@@28_ranggaclio I honestly don't know what it would be called? It would be like if humans lost their eyes through evolution but then millions of years later they had skin patches on the face that resembled painted on eyes. Useless as eyes but in an oddly similar place and appearance.
When he talked about cephalopods moving deeper to avoid conflict with fish, it came to my mind that some of them have evolved into the biggest invertebrates, only to be eaten by sperm whales - which are themselves an oddball for mammals, evolved from fish, returning to the ocean with a lot of detours.
You’d be surprised how often stuff like this happened in prehistory. Mammals evolved and lived in the shadows of dinosaurs and took over the planet after mass extinction wiped them out. However mammal ancestors called synapsids ruled the world before the dinosaurs and the dinos only took over after a mass extinction killed most of the synapsids
Lovecraft was a product of his age and place (as are most people) - Anglo-Saxon New England in the late 1800s and early 1900s. You can't expect him to think like a 21st Century American. I think he was more xenophobic than racist and it shows in his stories. He was accused of anti-Semitism but his wife was Jewish. But since racism is illogical, you can't expect racists to think logically on that subject. Despite all that he was a master of early science fiction and picturesque and descriptive English. I love reading his works
The Nautilus is such a fascinating animal. I looked into it more and apparently they were hunted. Their inner shells were used for pearl substitutes in the Renaissance. Makes me amazed to think they've managed to survive this long
I think squids are a great argument for the existence of intelligent aliens. Like, if both snails and rats can become that smart in wildly different ways, who's to say aliens didnt do it as well
@@florix7889 Not to mention that even if there have been intelligent civilizations on other planets, if they've developed millions of years apart from humans, what's to say they haven't already died off by the time humans discover their planet or their entire planet have been swallowed by a star or similar?
Intelligence needs collaboration, creativity, construction, and communication in order to form a civilization, as well as the idea and urge to make one. Octopi sort of follow some of these, but to a small level, hence why they don't have tribes. Plus they are hyper aggressive. Besides, it's mainly octopi that show intense brain features. There definitely is some sort of aliens out there with groups behaving like societies, but still not much in majority. If we want to collect messages from them as well, we'll need them to use similar radio technology as us, making another barrier to us talking to them. This is just my take on this. It could be changed by you guy's opinions. Also, it would be cool to uplift octopi into intelligence.
Pretty sure squids and octopus are closer related to things like ammonites than nautilus are. Nautilus are part of a further off slightly more primitive sub-family .
I for one, in showing due deference to our future squid overlords, am greatly appreciative of this video showcasing the evolutionary history of life's greatest achievement.
How long till there’s cults devoted to plotting the downfall of humanity via nuclear bombing Antarctica, making the ice caps melt which creates a massive tidal disturbance that wipes out humanity and surpluses ocean life while worshiping the squid overlords and listening to the heavenly melody
Mollusca is probably my favorite phylum of organisms. Incredible adaptability and intelligence, packaged together with a very short lifespan. The core layer of organisms that will most likely survive any extinction event in some for or another. Imagine if octopus could live to be 78 years old like humans. What would they look like and how would they act? Makes you wonder how each phylum would look like had they been chosen by evolution to perpetually evolve.
Interesting, snails, my freshwater snails can either float up or down to the bottom only. They cannot maintain floating without refilling their shells with air once they surface. Some can glide mid-water with the help of mucus, however.
pretty good as always. just a few corrections: horseshoe crabs (Ecdysyzoa) and cephalopods (Lophotrochozoa) are not close relatives, and the majority of squid locomotion is achieved via jetting water through their siphons, as opposed to beating their fins.
Hey man, just wanted to tell you that your videos are incredible, among a lot of 2-3 minute videos of basic and sometimes incorrect information about prehistoric animal, your are definitely one of the most complete and interesting, in other words your videos rock! Keep the doing them bro, I really admire your work.
Genome sequencing would be a great tool to uncover if cephalopods are related to these limpet-like creatures and perhaps could resolve which of these species groups they evolved from.
There is a new method which used the remaining proteins to get a guess how the DNA may lokked like. Because DNA starts to decay after ~ 1,5 million jears. Proteins last way longer.
@@stefanalexanderlungu1503depends on the protein keratin is in feathers and those have been found over 60 million ago the biggest problem with this if we don't understand how DNA influence traits yet.
6:03 ...... my brain just...... I can’t think of anything else but... 7 meter dunce cap... it would have maybe looked like a colorful, alive, 7 meter dunce cap. About 23 feet of dunce cap, like a big ol’ elf hat. The gnomes have found a king.
Has anyone come up with a good explanation of how/why ammonites evolved to coil up neatly, but then produced loads of weird 'evolute' forms, in various degrees of uncoiling, and even opening out into three dimensions of of separated coils? Were they trying to gain more surface area to aid cooling, perhaps?
Thats not how evolution works... There is no "trying to". Its by natural selection, not design. Whatever variation occurs is selected from - those that work live, the ones that dont, die. How the variation occurs is related to how the shell is formed. A small, but consistent skew in growing the shell will result in coiling, the extent of which can be both two- or three-dimensional.
Did I just hear cephalopods have 3 “brains”? I know they have 3 hearts but I am unsure about the brain part. They do have donut shaped brains, where the esophagus travels straight through the space in the middle of the brain.
They don't have three brains. It's more like one brain that isn't just in one place. They also have a huge part of their brain in their tentacles for example.
@@thesuperginge1348 It you separate the cortex, neocortex and cerebellum, it could be argued that humans have 3 brains. If you then subdivide the left and right halves being able to operate independently, connected by information highways like the corpus callossum, it could be said we have six.
I just love your videos. I'm addicted. I'm a lawyer and I otherwise would know nothing about biology and evolution. It's so fascinating, and I really feel like I appreciate the world and even my own life in a different and more profound and informed way from what ive learned in your videos
Great video! You made me research a bunch of stuff out of curiosity, like how nautilus live, they are basically dumb scavenging floating snails that can barely swim, breed and grow slowly, almost the total opposite of other cephalopods. Makes sense how they survived the mass extinctions but not sure how they are not the perfect snack for other predators.
Cephalopods are very fascinating, the way they have evolved from a completely different evolutionary tree of very passive and simple creations into an intelligent predator. Thank you for the content! P.S. I was here before 100 thousand subscribers)
Thanks for this great video. I fell into your site chasing another thread and am super glad I did. I have to agree with a few of the comments here about ammonites vs. squid vs. nautilus. I am looking up at a cut and polished fossil ammonite, (2 halves of the same animal), I have on a shelf above my desk. It is about 6" across and the divisions picked up copper while the spaces filled with agate. It is incredibly beautiful but I mention it because at first glance it looks much more like a nautilus with the divisions getting larger as the animal grew, but many creatures that make segmented shells do this, think whelks, periwinkles, etc. however there aren't any that can float like a nautilus and that must put the nautilus in a family of its own so it does seem that they are further apart in the evolutionary tree from a squid or an octopus and much closer to an ammonite. After all, a nautilus is a very very old creature that found a perfect shape and feeding behavior and decided it was going to stop there and not bother to evolve any further while the other cephalopods went gaily off to invent circulation and eyes and multiple brains.
You should've use the footage of aquatic snail instead of land snail since they look more like cephalopods, and even some aquatic snails can even float their own like cephalopods did millions of years ago.
After millions of years of evolution stupid still exists in our species at far too high a rate to be an abnormality, so there must be some evolutionary explanation! Next video please!
@@wilfdarr hmmm you may be on to something. Stupid people tend to reproduce at higher rates but also their offspring have a change of not being as stupid as their parents so there's a net increase in intelligence over time? I think? Anyway if enough dumb people have smart kids eventually the smart people will improve society some what, enough for dumb people to reproduce more easily continuing the cycle? Lemme know if I'm wrong somewhere here with this idea
@@iamrazor9831 Biologically I have no problem with it. Politically, it implies that authoritarianism is inevitable, the intelligent outliers necessarily leading the stupid majority. It would certainly explain some things... 😔
@@wilfdarr the explanation is that natural selection doesn't apply to developed societies due to medicine and technology removing the need for finely tuned genetics over the course of centuries to millennia.
@@benderisgreat95able I disagree: that's like saying ants don't evolve because they tend to their wounded and work as a hive. But hives that work better will out perform hives that don't, for both social AND biological reasons. Medicine etc certainly slows this process, but especially once you consider the constant waring up to the 20th century, I don't believe you're argument valid since societies that out perform other societies will force the underperforming societies into extinction. That isn't to say that this argument couldn't be valid going forward with globalization, I just don't believe it valid up to the present. And the evolution of a pseudo hive is I believe exactly what I AM RAZOR was talking about.
I just spent a couple of hours watching your videos and, though I like in-depth learning, I have to say I truly enjoyed learning the snippets of info you provide. The problem with most documentaries is they are kind of stuck at the high school level. They leave out a lot. So by watching your videos I'm catching bits of information such things don't provide. You have a very happy new subscriber.
I always found it fascinating and weird that cephalopods have so many traditionally vertebrate traits despite our last common ancestor with them having none of them. Camera-like eyes, closed circulatory system, up and down opening and closing jaws, highly developed brain. It's so strange finding such a similar set of traits convergently evolve in two otherwise very different groups of animals.
i love this channel. I found it a few days ago and thanks to it i've rediscovered my passion for paleonthology. Keep it going, you are doing an amazing job!!
I wanna see someone create a movie/game based on a version of earth where cephalopod based organisms were the ones that pioneered to live out of the water and then dominate the land and air. That would be so cool.
There is actually a game, Splatoon It takes places 12k years in the future where all mammals go extinct and sea animals evolve to go on land and obtain a humanoid form, while the main creatures are Inklings and Octolings. Inklings evolve from squid and Octolings evolve from octopi. Only in the second game are you able to play as an octoling though, with a DLC called Octo Expansion, where you're an octoling trying to escape from deep underground to the Promised Land (aka the surface) I feel like I've rambled on about the game bit too much now haha, sorry about that
the differences between our eyes are also very interesting. We use color sensing cells to see colors for example. Cephaopods use their pupil shape to different between different colors (with refraction). Thats why the pupil shape of cuttlefish, and octopuses to a lesser extend, is so weird
Discovered your channel recently and I'm really enjoying it. It's bite sized yet detailed zoology that I think anyone who doesn't understand evolution should watch. When you focus in on particular orders / families you can see how it all happened, the branching of lineages makes sense, that's even before you add the insurmountable genetic evidence. Keep up the good work!
Horseshoe crabs are arthropods. While they do use hemocyanin like the cephalopods, they are only extremely distantly related to molluscs, being in separate phyla. In other words, there is as much genetic distance between arthropods and molluscs as there is between molluscs and humans, possibly even more. Because of this, the fact that some molluscs and some arthropods use hemocyanin is likely a case of convergence.
I always wonder how a creature would look if it was completely outside of every category of lifeforms we actually have, it intrigues me to imagine a creature evolving to be a completely new concept of life we never saw before, like, how would it's skin look? Would it be bumpy? Would it ever evolve fur? How would it's eyes look? Would it even have eyes? How would it swim? And something that intrigues me even more is to imagine how that creature would evolve in a planet like ours when life was just starting
Fascinating video that was really well done. Keep it up! These digestible and interesting videos that explain evolution and how we get the species that we have today is really important since there are still many who don't have even a basic understanding of how in depth this evolutionary process has been studied and just what it means for explaining the world around us as well as ourselves!
Have you ever heard of an Argonaut? It's like a nautilus but it's an octopus like creature. It's scientific name is Argonauta Linnaeus. Really cool critter!
The way the Argonauts shell is made is totally different than the shell in other molluscs, the female Argonaut uses her arms to create it, while other molluscs use their body skin (sorry I dont know the name of the body skin in English, Im brazilian and in Portuguese we call "manto")
5:15 these are Horseshoe Crabs, bled and harvested for the amebocyte nature of their blood. It is very commonly used to test medical supplies are sterile before further use, such as syringes before being filled with a vaccine. For the curious :)
You didn't include anything about ammonites :( There's a theory that states the ammonites were very r-selected animals which produced multitudes of offspring at once, which were very small and underdeveloped; whereas coleoids protected their young and were K-selected, dying after mating once. As a result, the young of coleoids were better adapted for a more harsh environment and once the K-T extinction hit, the ammonites couldn't cope with the change and became extinct, while the coleoids proliferated. I think that would've been cool to include in the video!
Did you know that scientists use the population of the type of squid Callie's based off of to determine amounts of global warming? Let that thought rub in.
This video in a nutshell: Apparently, Nintendo's Splatoon franchise is real, and squids and humans have a surprising amount of stuff in common. Woomy. D:
That little dude in the thumbnail has a sweet hat.
Dumbledore is an animagus! 😮
I bet he can turn people in frogs
Hell yeah he did
Merlin agrees.
Free Hat! FREEEEE HAT!
Me: "Why am I always so tired?"
Me at 3 am: "Mmh, s q u i d"
Same here
Literally me now
Squid gang
Jokes on you, I fell asleep during the day and now I'm stuck being awake watching squid.
Literally watching this at 3 45 am
That thumbnail looks like a squid pretending to be a shark to scare tourists
This comment made my day
terrorists
Not in frame: his bro with a GoPro ready to catch the epic prank for Cephalotube
It's going to jump out of the water, start singing, and tell you to suck its tentacles.
Oh tell me about it
Ancient Squid: Too squishy, yet not intelligent enough to evade predators
Evolution: *c o n e*
well at least Evolution did not make them into more craps
@@MouseGoat evolution does that a lot
plot twist they used it for stabbing innocent uh not innocent animals
Octopuses are so squishy
@@CheddarCubed smoosh
I can imagine those living fossils telling modern squids the good old “back in my day the water was clean.”
back in my day we weren't eaten alive in china 👍
ikr
Back In my day we couldent change color
But we could get fit by running!
@@plant5875 yeah, they got eaten alive by other animals instead.
@@plant5875 I'm pretty sure that wild animals are eaten alive everywhere in the world
Never change Chambered Nautilis, I love you just like you are ^.^
I really don't want Nautilis to go extinct. Please don't die friends.
That's an odd cabbage, well kind of anyways. You could say it's odd-ish.
Me too! They're so primitive and.. stunning
sadly they've become endangered due to overfishing for their shells, an unfortunate fate for such a unique animal
No dient to nautiluses! Save all sea animals!
@@kraillemccollaum4111 they wont die if we try to keep them alive
I find it remarkable that Argonauts (a kind of octopus) make a brood nest out of a material that they secrete that bears a striking resemblance to the coiled shells of the nautilus and ammonites despite being made from completely different processes. It's like they wish they still had shells.
Thats really interesting, evolution has weird turns of events haha. In fact, after losing their shell octopus got smart enough to grab shells from other animals like clams and use them as portable shells. That use of tools shows how smart this animals really are.
it's called convergent evolution
@@28_ranggaclio Is it though? If it was convergent evolution they would be making a legitimate shell and not some disposable brood chamber. Maybe convergent in appearance only but not really in function.
@@1TakoyakiStore hmmm, yeah. Maybe still ongoing evolution?
@@28_ranggaclio I honestly don't know what it would be called? It would be like if humans lost their eyes through evolution but then millions of years later they had skin patches on the face that resembled painted on eyes. Useless as eyes but in an oddly similar place and appearance.
Think about all the species that existed in the past that never fossilized.
how am I supposed to think about them if we don't have the fossils to reference?
@@SorenPenrose squid
Pour one out for the boys who never made it
@@SorenPenrose
Ivar the boneless.
Bruh
pick your hat shape:
Cone
Spiral
Wizard hat
Brain hat
every squids.cone cone cone
COOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOONENAH
And dinner plate
Wizrd
R o u n d
Wizard
When he talked about cephalopods moving deeper to avoid conflict with fish, it came to my mind that some of them have evolved into the biggest invertebrates, only to be eaten by sperm whales - which are themselves an oddball for mammals, evolved from fish, returning to the ocean with a lot of detours.
You’d be surprised how often stuff like this happened in prehistory. Mammals evolved and lived in the shadows of dinosaurs and took over the planet after mass extinction wiped them out. However mammal ancestors called synapsids ruled the world before the dinosaurs and the dinos only took over after a mass extinction killed most of the synapsids
Go, mammals!
Sperm whales didn't evolve from fish, at least not directly.
@@prestigev6131 maybe when we die off birds will rule again
Cephalopods: heehee hoohoo the fish will never find us down here 😈
Some land creature going back into the ocean: :)
Splatoon lore looking pretty deep.
I mean it already was
😂
Woomy
veemo
@@someoneawesome8717 facts
Squids, also known as Cthulhu Cultist
❤❤❤❤
I mean Cthulu is generally depicted as an Octopus slapped on the face of a giant Gargoyle.
@@lemmingscanfly5 th-cam.com/video/e_STCenzr3Y/w-d-xo.html
And as we all know HP Lovecraft compared Africans to squids
So take that as you will since this was right after WW1.
Lovecraft was a product of his age and place (as are most people) - Anglo-Saxon New England in the late 1800s and early 1900s.
You can't expect him to think like a 21st Century American.
I think he was more xenophobic than racist and it shows in his stories.
He was accused of anti-Semitism but his wife was Jewish. But since racism is illogical, you can't expect racists to think logically on that subject.
Despite all that he was a master of early science fiction and picturesque and descriptive English. I love reading his works
Hehe I love the word Siphuncle. I always think it's a hybrid of Simon and Garfunkel.
Lmfao
Yes! 😂😭💀
This.
Or your uncle, the one who's _really_ good at siphoning.
Cool thing!! That would have never crossed my mind. Now, I won't ever forget it
Cephalopod: you ain’t as flexible as me bro
Vertebrate: at least people will know I existed
"But never again would they dominate"
"Is that a challenge?!" -Ammonites, before the great ink war of 2021
Splatoon...
Splatoon.
Your channel is growing hella fast, as it should be.
exactly.
Exciting for a channel like this to do that.
Soon, it will too lose it's shell in favor of a more advanced body plan.
@@joaocaju3061 soon it will conquer the land
Wait snails THEY ALREADY SECRETLY HAVE
@I say the Truth D':
How could you not mention ammonites 😱 they're more closely related to modern shelless cephalopods than to nautili
I think that will be an topic for another day.
Andrew Gan hopefully yes
ammonites are so rare that we don't really have a lot of information on them
@@elliot_rat the whole animal that is. the shells on other hand were very common. so common they often use them as index fossils alongside trilobites.
@@ItsEthanDude ammonites were an wholly different family of cephalopods.
TH-cam: HEY! HEY YOU! YOU WANT TO LEARN ABOUT THE ORIGINS OF SQUUUUIIIIIIDSSS?
Me: *Sighs and rubs my face* ...Yes....😔
Lmao. I hate it.
I feel this comment hard. XD
Oh, curiosity is a curse.
me *punches wall, hell yeah!
exactly what happened 🤯
The Nautilus is such a fascinating animal. I looked into it more and apparently they were hunted. Their inner shells were used for pearl substitutes in the Renaissance. Makes me amazed to think they've managed to survive this long
because they live at the bottom of the ocean
because they live at the bottom of the sea
@@Naturalist501 Ah dang I was hoping they lived in their own dimension whenever ours is too boring
There really is no end to how much mollusks amaze me. They truly are the most fascinating creatures that I have ever stumbled across.
I think squids are a great argument for the existence of intelligent aliens.
Like, if both snails and rats can become that smart in wildly different ways, who's to say aliens didnt do it as well
Well we'll never know.
Cephalopods basically ARE intelligent aliens.
Well they are a long way from human level intelligence it took 400 million years to have the first civilisation so it's not that easy
@@florix7889 Not to mention that even if there have been intelligent civilizations on other planets, if they've developed millions of years apart from humans, what's to say they haven't already died off by the time humans discover their planet or their entire planet have been swallowed by a star or similar?
Intelligence needs collaboration, creativity, construction, and communication in order to form a civilization, as well as the idea and urge to make one. Octopi sort of follow some of these, but to a small level, hence why they don't have tribes. Plus they are hyper aggressive. Besides, it's mainly octopi that show intense brain features. There definitely is some sort of aliens out there with groups behaving like societies, but still not much in majority. If we want to collect messages from them as well, we'll need them to use similar radio technology as us, making another barrier to us talking to them. This is just my take on this. It could be changed by you guy's opinions. Also, it would be cool to uplift octopi into intelligence.
Pretty sure squids and octopus are closer related to things like ammonites than nautilus are.
Nautilus are part of a further off slightly more primitive sub-family .
The man also referred to the horseshoe crap as a relative.
Yes. Squids, octopuses, cuttlefish, and ammonites are grouped together as Coleoids, while nautiloids are completely different.
@@jerk5959 Horseshoe crap
I wonder if animals with multiple brains can feel lonely.
Or get along with themselves?
Ask yourself you have 4 technically my friend
@@justinwalker5441 Which brain do i ask??
We have 2 brains but they are connected so we don't notice them as separate and we can be lonely so yes...
I’m in two minds about that
I for one, in showing due deference to our future squid overlords, am greatly appreciative of this video showcasing the evolutionary history of life's greatest achievement.
That sounds like something a squidman would say
How long till there’s cults devoted to plotting the downfall of humanity via nuclear bombing Antarctica, making the ice caps melt which creates a massive tidal disturbance that wipes out humanity and surpluses ocean life while worshiping the squid overlords and listening to the heavenly melody
egg on ur face if corvids end up being the uplifted ones
Mollusca is probably my favorite phylum of organisms. Incredible adaptability and intelligence, packaged together with a very short lifespan. The core layer of organisms that will most likely survive any extinction event in some for or another.
Imagine if octopus could live to be 78 years old like humans. What would they look like and how would they act? Makes you wonder how each phylum would look like had they been chosen by evolution to perpetually evolve.
Squidward is very happy to see this video, he got to see his great grandparents:)
And he can finally proof he is very intelligent
Der Echte Flirmi *prove
@@noahsaiz7536 yeah, thx 😊
fun fact: squidward is an octopus. no cone, and only 8 tentacles.
@@garrettspelman9379 um
6 tentacles
Interesting, snails, my freshwater snails can either float up or down to the bottom only. They cannot maintain floating without refilling their shells with air once they surface. Some can glide mid-water with the help of mucus, however.
You might enjoy zefrank1 and his video on snails. Also peacock spiders, ostriches, bobbit worms, others. Lots of true facts.
@@veralenora7368 That surfing snail was really unique.
They'll eventually evolve into Cephalopod-like creatures in the distant future, plus they have 4 tentacles that resemble cephalopods.
Damn, ancient squids hd some wacky shells. really cool.
pretty good as always. just a few corrections: horseshoe crabs (Ecdysyzoa) and cephalopods (Lophotrochozoa) are not close relatives, and the majority of squid locomotion is achieved via jetting water through their siphons, as opposed to beating their fins.
Splatoon’s the only franchise that got me this fascinated by any kind of animal, real or fictional
You had me fooled, I misread the title as "The Evolution of Squidward"
I've never thought about this, but this video is what I really needed
God bless you
Can we just acknowledge how fun it is to say the word "Siphuncle"
@Archock Encanto yes, yes we can enjoy it
@VentMeUpon a the person i replied to deleted their comment
What about carbuncle isn't that a barnacle?
Happening upon this channel is like finding gold in an attic.
Cephalopods are fascinating. So alien yet a part of the life of our planet.
Hey man, just wanted to tell you that your videos are incredible, among a lot of 2-3 minute videos of basic and sometimes incorrect information about prehistoric animal, your are definitely one of the most complete and interesting, in other words your videos rock!
Keep the doing them bro, I really admire your work.
Genome sequencing would be a great tool to uncover if cephalopods are related to these limpet-like creatures and perhaps could resolve which of these species groups they evolved from.
You mean phylogenetics? The ancestors are long extinct and wouldn't have intact DNA, so genomics wouldn't help with that side of things.
There is a new method which used the remaining proteins to get a guess how the DNA may lokked like. Because DNA starts to decay after ~ 1,5 million jears. Proteins last way longer.
@@molybdaen11 Don't proteins also have a half-life of less than a million years?
@@stefanalexanderlungu1503depends on the protein keratin is in feathers and those have been found over 60 million ago the biggest problem with this if we don't understand how DNA influence traits yet.
One of the channels I'll gladly watch ads for!
I loved this video. Octopuses 🐙 cuttlefish and squids 🦑 are so interesting and cute!
squishy bois
fr they’re literally so adorable
6:03 ...... my brain just...... I can’t think of anything else but... 7 meter dunce cap... it would have maybe looked like a colorful, alive, 7 meter dunce cap. About 23 feet of dunce cap, like a big ol’ elf hat. The gnomes have found a king.
ALL HAIL THE GNOME KING!
Has anyone come up with a good explanation of how/why ammonites evolved to coil up neatly, but then produced loads of weird 'evolute' forms, in various degrees of uncoiling, and even opening out into three dimensions of of separated coils? Were they trying to gain more surface area to aid cooling, perhaps?
Used to be straight then...
B O N K
I usually chock stupid body designs up to chase away theory. My guess is it differentiated mating.
3 dimensions that we know of. :)
Thats not how evolution works... There is no "trying to". Its by natural selection, not design. Whatever variation occurs is selected from - those that work live, the ones that dont, die.
How the variation occurs is related to how the shell is formed. A small, but consistent skew in growing the shell will result in coiling, the extent of which can be both two- or three-dimensional.
The weird shapes made vertical diving easier and more energy-efficient.
Multiple brains, multiple hearts, blue blood. Swimming casually underwater on Earth.
Human: There's alien on Mars!!!!
just because it's strange doesn't mean it's alien. We even eat them all the time
@moo moo we're all related though, ultimately
@moo moo that's why it's called the tree of life, different branches, same trunk
Did I just hear cephalopods have 3 “brains”? I know they have 3 hearts but I am unsure about the brain part. They do have donut shaped brains, where the esophagus travels straight through the space in the middle of the brain.
They don't have three brains. It's more like one brain that isn't just in one place. They also have a huge part of their brain in their tentacles for example.
Octopuses' bodies _are_ their brains
there are also two lobes behind the eyes.
In a similar way, you could argue that our central nervous system is "part of our brain", no?
@@thesuperginge1348 It you separate the cortex, neocortex and cerebellum, it could be argued that humans have 3 brains. If you then subdivide the left and right halves being able to operate independently, connected by information highways like the corpus callossum, it could be said we have six.
I just love your videos. I'm addicted. I'm a lawyer and I otherwise would know nothing about biology and evolution. It's so fascinating, and I really feel like I appreciate the world and even my own life in a different and more profound and informed way from what ive learned in your videos
Great video! You made me research a bunch of stuff out of curiosity, like how nautilus live, they are basically dumb scavenging floating snails that can barely swim, breed and grow slowly, almost the total opposite of other cephalopods. Makes sense how they survived the mass extinctions but not sure how they are not the perfect snack for other predators.
squid: we have been swimming in this world for millions of years.
human: *squids are bewitching aliens*
squid: excuse me?
Cephalopods are very fascinating, the way they have evolved from a completely different evolutionary tree of very passive and simple creations into an intelligent predator. Thank you for the content!
P.S. I was here before 100 thousand subscribers)
Thanks for this great video. I fell into your site chasing another thread and am super glad I did. I have to agree with a few of the comments here about ammonites vs. squid vs. nautilus. I am looking up at a cut and polished fossil ammonite, (2 halves of the same animal), I have on a shelf above my desk. It is about 6" across and the divisions picked up copper while the spaces filled with agate. It is incredibly beautiful but I mention it because at first glance it looks much more like a nautilus with the divisions getting larger as the animal grew, but many creatures that make segmented shells do this, think whelks, periwinkles, etc. however there aren't any that can float like a nautilus and that must put the nautilus in a family of its own so it does seem that they are further apart in the evolutionary tree from a squid or an octopus and much closer to an ammonite. After all, a nautilus is a very very old creature that found a perfect shape and feeding behavior and decided it was going to stop there and not bother to evolve any further while the other cephalopods went gaily off to invent circulation and eyes and multiple brains.
You should've use the footage of aquatic snail instead of land snail since they look more like cephalopods, and even some aquatic snails can even float their own like cephalopods did millions of years ago.
This is an awesome display of how frequently convergent evolution can occur even in different environments! Awesome!
I wasn't sober upon reading the title, and foolishly thought it was a long-awaited video on The Evolution of Stupid.
After millions of years of evolution stupid still exists in our species at far too high a rate to be an abnormality, so there must be some evolutionary explanation!
Next video please!
@@wilfdarr hmmm you may be on to something. Stupid people tend to reproduce at higher rates but also their offspring have a change of not being as stupid as their parents so there's a net increase in intelligence over time? I think?
Anyway if enough dumb people have smart kids eventually the smart people will improve society some what, enough for dumb people to reproduce more easily continuing the cycle?
Lemme know if I'm wrong somewhere here with this idea
@@iamrazor9831 Biologically I have no problem with it. Politically, it implies that authoritarianism is inevitable, the intelligent outliers necessarily leading the stupid majority. It would certainly explain some things... 😔
@@wilfdarr the explanation is that natural selection doesn't apply to developed societies due to medicine and technology removing the need for finely tuned genetics over the course of centuries to millennia.
@@benderisgreat95able I disagree: that's like saying ants don't evolve because they tend to their wounded and work as a hive. But hives that work better will out perform hives that don't, for both social AND biological reasons. Medicine etc certainly slows this process, but especially once you consider the constant waring up to the 20th century, I don't believe you're argument valid since societies that out perform other societies will force the underperforming societies into extinction. That isn't to say that this argument couldn't be valid going forward with globalization, I just don't believe it valid up to the present. And the evolution of a pseudo hive is I believe exactly what I AM RAZOR was talking about.
I just spent a couple of hours watching your videos and, though I like in-depth learning, I have to say I truly enjoyed learning the snippets of info you provide. The problem with most documentaries is they are kind of stuck at the high school level. They leave out a lot. So by watching your videos I'm catching bits of information such things don't provide. You have a very happy new subscriber.
Limpet ancestors had coiled shells like other snails which secondarily became flat. Some limpets even have an atavistic swirl at the top.
I always found it fascinating and weird that cephalopods have so many traditionally vertebrate traits despite our last common ancestor with them having none of them. Camera-like eyes, closed circulatory system, up and down opening and closing jaws, highly developed brain. It's so strange finding such a similar set of traits convergently evolve in two otherwise very different groups of animals.
So nice, nature made them twice!... Or more.
i love this channel. I found it a few days ago and thanks to it i've rediscovered my passion for paleonthology. Keep it going, you are doing an amazing job!!
I wanna see someone create a movie/game based on a version of earth where cephalopod based organisms were the ones that pioneered to live out of the water and then dominate the land and air. That would be so cool.
There is actually a game, Splatoon
It takes places 12k years in the future where all mammals go extinct and sea animals evolve to go on land and obtain a humanoid form, while the main creatures are Inklings and Octolings. Inklings evolve from squid and Octolings evolve from octopi. Only in the second game are you able to play as an octoling though, with a DLC called Octo Expansion, where you're an octoling trying to escape from deep underground to the Promised Land (aka the surface)
I feel like I've rambled on about the game bit too much now haha, sorry about that
I can’t tell if the original comment was a joke or not, lol
@@agenthellothere Don't forget the bear who employs Inklings/octolings to hunt salmon in order to achieve his goal of returning mammals to the planet.
@@justsayori3046 you fr made me look at a 2 year old comment of me missing a joke to understand the context of what you were replying to
I find amazing the independent development of eyes in different species.
Evolution is astoundingly beautiful.
the differences between our eyes are also very interesting. We use color sensing cells to see colors for example.
Cephaopods use their pupil shape to different between different colors (with refraction).
Thats why the pupil shape of cuttlefish, and octopuses to a lesser extend, is so weird
@@aldoushuxley5953 and they evolved the sensor cells with the proper orientation so they don't have a blind spot
Discovered your channel recently and I'm really enjoying it. It's bite sized yet detailed zoology that I think anyone who doesn't understand evolution should watch. When you focus in on particular orders / families you can see how it all happened, the branching of lineages makes sense, that's even before you add the insurmountable genetic evidence.
Keep up the good work!
bro this mans voice is so comforting I'm boutta fall asleep
I love these videos, your content is of unbelievably high quality. You deserve many more subscribers. Keep it up.
Horseshoe crabs are arthropods. While they do use hemocyanin like the cephalopods, they are only extremely distantly related to molluscs, being in separate phyla. In other words, there is as much genetic distance between arthropods and molluscs as there is between molluscs and humans, possibly even more. Because of this, the fact that some molluscs and some arthropods use hemocyanin is likely a case of convergence.
What lovely creatures! They really went their own way evolutionarily
I thought i had heard it the other way around, that limpets actually evolved FROM snails, and occasionally show a small amount of shell coiling.
Limpets are actually a snail with primitive organs compared to Caenogastropods and Pulmanotes which have a more advanced central nervous system.
My ancestors... I'm so proud
Same
I wish I found this channel when I was doing my first year in zoology. Would have made learning so much easier
I always wonder how a creature would look if it was completely outside of every category of lifeforms we actually have, it intrigues me to imagine a creature evolving to be a completely new concept of life we never saw before, like, how would it's skin look? Would it be bumpy? Would it ever evolve fur? How would it's eyes look? Would it even have eyes? How would it swim? And something that intrigues me even more is to imagine how that creature would evolve in a planet like ours when life was just starting
This is heavy duty content. Here’s a hemocyanine filled heart 💙
“The reason why more cephalapods decided to coil their shells was because coiled shells looked way cooler to them”
This should be an unintentional sleep ASMR. Quite relaxing.
Then they turned into kids who are allergic to water and can turn into a squid that swims in ink.
But they do have some really good music
their music taste was fire though
fun fact: nautiluses love chicken
i'm not joking, chicken works incredibly well when trying to trap nautiluses
How do you prevent the chicken from drowning?
And can it actually dive deep enough to catch the nautilus?
@@johannageisel5390 cooked chicken, i mean, sorry for not clarifying
@@pup1030 Lol, I was just messing with you, friend. :D
sea chicken
@@megonggaga8046 seacken
Primordial W O O M Y
AND V E E M O S
love watching your channel grow
This video has the nicest and chillest comments I've seen in years. Love my fellow cephalopods lovers ❤️
I didn't know that Nautilus were still alive and not extinct. I'm,,, tearing up I can't believe they are alive still this makes me so happy
i really enjoy this type of content, taught me a lot i didn’t know
Fascinating video that was really well done. Keep it up!
These digestible and interesting videos that explain evolution and how we get the species that we have today is really important since there are still many who don't have even a basic understanding of how in depth this evolutionary process has been studied and just what it means for explaining the world around us as well as ourselves!
Do keep in mind that cuttlefish and squids do have a shell, but it's an internal one
The thumbnail was SUPER EFFECTIVE
Squids: Wow, those humans adapted similar trats as us, completely independantly of us! Fascinating.
Honestly I love this one animal at a time approach to evolution!
Have you ever heard of an Argonaut? It's like a nautilus but it's an octopus like creature. It's scientific name is Argonauta Linnaeus. Really cool critter!
The way the Argonauts shell is made is totally different than the shell in other molluscs, the female Argonaut uses her arms to create it, while other molluscs use their body skin (sorry I dont know the name of the body skin in English, Im brazilian and in Portuguese we call "manto")
Pedro Quinellato Dantas Pra mim body skin chamava pele mesmo rs
Thanks; never heard of them. Going to Wikipedia now.
@@incanusolorin2607 eu falei body skin justamente pq n sabia o nome específico em inglês kkkkkk mas o nome da "pele" dos moluscos é manto
@@pedroquinellatodantas9669 The English word is "mantle".
"YOU SHALL NOT PASS!!!"
-Tiny lil' dude in the thumbnail
Run, you fools
It even fits with his sweet hat
I've already been fascinated by convergent evolution.
Admit it. We all learned the word "cephalopod" from playing Splatoon.
2013: ay were Squids
2021: *s q u i d g a m e*
I really just watched a video called "the evolution of a squid" voluntarily. I feel old.
5:15 these are Horseshoe Crabs, bled and harvested for the amebocyte nature of their blood. It is very commonly used to test medical supplies are sterile before further use, such as syringes before being filled with a vaccine.
For the curious :)
thanks!
Congratulations on your channel doing so well! Great video. :)
4:25 The gastropods chilling on the seabed while their cousins swim around.
When i was a kid i always wanted to be a squid, idk why.
It’s that a Splatoon references?
Yeah, you could say that
Same
You’re a kid you’re a squidYou’re a kid you’re a squid
for their next evolution - inklings and octolings
You didn't include anything about ammonites :(
There's a theory that states the ammonites were very r-selected animals which produced multitudes of offspring at once, which were very small and underdeveloped; whereas coleoids protected their young and were K-selected, dying after mating once. As a result, the young of coleoids were better adapted for a more harsh environment and once the K-T extinction hit, the ammonites couldn't cope with the change and became extinct, while the coleoids proliferated. I think that would've been cool to include in the video!
That sounds cool, do you have a source for that? First time i heard of broad tending by ammonites.
source?
the ammonites adapted r-selection due to the evolutionary pressure from jawed fish like placoderms
loved this! binge watching this channel for sure. great content!
So glad to see your channel getting the views it deserves!
The ancestors of squid for Splatoon.
This video was found as a link in the sunken scrolls
the chosen squidples
of course yes
yeah, the inkling is the chosen one.
Did you know that scientists use the population of the type of squid Callie's based off of to determine amounts of global warming? Let that thought rub in.
This video in a nutshell: Apparently, Nintendo's Splatoon franchise is real, and squids and humans have a surprising amount of stuff in common. Woomy. D:
The convergent evolution of traits is always interesting, such as the eyes forming.
I'm so happy for having this channel in recomendations. Reminds me of good old days, when I loved tv programms about biological history))
I just found this channel and I love it.
It's interesting but also chill to listen to you.
Subscribed!