Ignore all the people on here - this is a great video, and extremely entertaining. You don't need to talk or have much happening; the work that's being shown speaks for itself. Great job!
Great job guys, some people just lack the attention span to appreciate the quality of your work. This video really helped me realise how much effort people put into producing iron and steel. With this amount of labour involved, it's not hard to understand why things like swords were such prized objects.
@SpaceAce991 The furnace was built in one day from local loam, and continually dried by a fire while under construction. The loam had been tempered with quartz-sand and mixed with straw. The sand-floor sloping towards the slag-tap was covered with a thin layer of loam. Read the Lejre rapport !
This is fascinating. I really enjoyed reading all the explanations on your website too. Your enthusiasm and passion for this really shows, and that made me enjoy it all the more.
Flux is a material used to prevent the formation of, or to dissolve and facilitate the removal of, oxides and other undesirable substances. The sand melts around the steel/iron and will combine with and dissolve the oxides already on the surface of the steel, forming a runny liquid. This liquid coating protects the surface of the steel from further oxidation. The flux and dissolved oxides will be forced out of the weld seam as the weld is closed
@HowToHistory The loam had been tempered with quartz-sand. At the bottom of this page you can find a link to the lejre rapport for answer to al your questions: thijsvandemanakker. com/WeblogEnglish.htm
There iron ore is pre-burned in a fire before going into the smelting furnace to "reduce" it and remove much of the impurities ? . Excellent video and Thank You Robin DV - Happy New Year from New Mexico USA - Lefty Cat
@music1account Probably you found iron ore. Iron ore is iron oxide, iron with oxygen. Most iron ores are non magnetic. When you remove the oxygen, you get metallic iron, that's what is done in the ironsmelting furnace
That chamber under the furnace is a reservoir where the slag then accumulates? Must there be some opening in the bottom of the furnace leading into that chamber for the slag to flow out of the bloom-forming level for the furnace not to overfill with slag?
No, it's normal clay. You'd be surprised how heat-resistant the material is. Only the bottom part of the furnace wall gets molten, but in the thickness of 9-10 cm, it holds through more than well. They mixed it with quartz sand - I didn't, still worked. Videos coming up in may or July.
The "seltic" pronunciation is used here stateside to refer to the basketball team from Boston, Massachusetts, The Boston Celtics. Everybody I know uses "keltic" to refer to all other uses of the word. The difference between the two is largely known here, but there's pockets of confusion still, due to the same spelling.
What is the name of rocks at 5:40, please? I don't know, and my English is not good. So, show me the name that i can try to find out with my langues! Thanks alot!
I'm a 16 year old boy who loves to get dirty and build and explore where can I learn about how to do this from scratch it's really fascinating. Besides the site., where can I learn to collet the resources for this project?
peace! :D anyway, I prefer yours over the other re-enactment shows. while the civil war reenactment in the US covers only about history(I think), your show cover about history and INFO that we ordinary people can use! I have no idea about bog iron until I watched your video! my thanks!
@sutrar Yes. Of course. At the description of this video I put a link to the page where you can find a link to the lejre rapport, for answer to al your questions.
I noticed when you was making the clay for your furnace you added some red clay/dirt to it. what was it that you added? I have seen several videos about it and seems no one want to say what it is or comments back.
+Joe That's quarzsand Joe , the grains with sharp corners. Here's a full discription of two furnaces we did in 1996 in Lejre : www.yumpu.com/en/document/view/7131570/1-experiments-with-a-slag-tapping-and-a-slag-pit-furnace-anneke- Just ask if you don't understand, I'll comment back.
If you're in the Northeastern U.S. or Eastern Canada, there are natural sources of raw iron ore much better than anything a bogger could hope for. Around the Great Lakes where glaciers carved up the geology, it is quite possible to find boulders of nearly pure iron ore the size of bowling balls if not bigger. These rocks will be rusty/metallic and rather heavy for their size. (Enough iron in it where you could probably treat it like working with a bloom from the start.) Also if I recall, some of the largest stip mines for iron ore are in Minnesota or Northern Wisconsin. Along with coal and some other stuff, Appalacian mountain region also has some veins of exposed iron. The stuff seems fairly plentiful. It's surprising the Native Americans never got around to doing anything with it like they did copper. Dunno about Central or South America though. I'm sure they have their good sources too.
@practicalbeing Thanks for your reply. :) I think I heard some american reporter comment on the football team on tv - he used the "Seltic" pronunciation. P.S. Scotland rocks! :)
Son fenomena mujeres y mesclando alcillas con paca secas y aguas y ha hornea tope juego hasta gue madure..y luego convertiendo materia principal necesitados.y que paseis felis y disfurtando su pasion....manual....tecnologias naturar...
@Verradonairun as an american of mainly Irish and german decent on the paternal side, i learned quickly to pronoun it "keltic" to avoid getting back-handed in the face by my aunt.
Too bad you really only get a few pounds out of this and it's not reusable. You have to make one really big to get enough steel to make a few hammers or swords or axes or a suit of plate or whatever.
Voiceover narrator would break up achieved atmosphere, I would have added some more face mimics ,eye contact, heavy breathing and some other elements of non-verbal communication. But very nicely done video anyway
That makes you realize how blessed we are to be able to walk into a scrap yard and walk out with a couple of broken coil springs
Ignore all the people on here - this is a great video, and extremely entertaining. You don't need to talk or have much happening; the work that's being shown speaks for itself. Great job!
Thanks !!
+Thijs van de Manakker 3
Robert aragon so you dont need any description, to remake that forgery vor tips or some other infos that will descripe anything? ;)
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facebook.com/thijs.vandemanakker/media_set?set=a.539791336081528.1073741827.100001519982564&type=3
Great job guys, some people just lack the attention span to appreciate the quality of your work. This video really helped me realise how much effort people put into producing iron and steel. With this amount of labour involved, it's not hard to understand why things like swords were such prized objects.
@SpaceAce991
The furnace was built in one day from local loam, and continually dried by a fire while under construction.
The loam had been tempered with quartz-sand and mixed with straw.
The sand-floor sloping towards the slag-tap was covered with a thin layer of loam.
Read the Lejre rapport !
To see all the work and effort that goes into this reminds me of how lazy we have gotten in the USA, great dedication you guys!!!!
This is fascinating. I really enjoyed reading all the explanations on your website too. Your enthusiasm and passion for this really shows, and that made me enjoy it all the more.
Flux is a material used to prevent the formation of, or to dissolve and facilitate the removal of, oxides and other undesirable substances.
The sand melts around the steel/iron and will combine with and dissolve the oxides already on the surface of the steel, forming a runny liquid. This liquid coating protects the surface of the steel from further oxidation.
The flux and dissolved oxides will be forced out of the weld seam as the weld is closed
Great video. So much hard work for a small amount of iron. Hope they were coppicing the wood for charcoal!
I always wondered where to find that sort of clay.
@HowToHistory
The loam had been tempered with quartz-sand.
At the bottom of this page you can find a link
to the lejre rapport
for answer to al your questions:
thijsvandemanakker. com/WeblogEnglish.htm
Went to website, but i can only read english unfortunately.
Bringing back the pagan gods eh?
There iron ore is pre-burned in a fire before going into the smelting furnace to "reduce" it and remove much of the impurities ? . Excellent video and Thank You Robin DV - Happy New Year from New Mexico USA - Lefty Cat
@music1account Probably you found iron ore.
Iron ore is iron oxide, iron with oxygen.
Most iron ores are non magnetic.
When you remove the oxygen, you get metallic iron, that's what is done in the ironsmelting furnace
That chamber under the furnace is a reservoir where the slag then accumulates? Must there be some opening in the bottom of the furnace leading into that chamber for the slag to flow out of the bloom-forming level for the furnace not to overfill with slag?
No, it's normal clay. You'd be surprised how heat-resistant the material is. Only the bottom part of the furnace wall gets molten, but in the thickness of 9-10 cm, it holds through more than well. They mixed it with quartz sand - I didn't, still worked. Videos coming up in may or July.
I felt like I traveled back in time until the plane at 3:40 ruined it for me LOL
Just think of it as a witch if you still want to feel like you traveled back in time.
Ha LMBO!! :)
*****
The yellow witch lurks in the backgroud at 7:13 :D
apinakapinastorba The yellow witch looks like Otto ?
You guys must be really bored :)
Excelente ¿han obtenido acero? Saludos
@Roddyoneeye
If there is one person trampling the loam it will take about 6 hours to build the complete furnace
It's a sandy clay (loam),mixed with quartz sand and organic material to make it heat resistant.
Besides charcoal and ore we add air.
Quartzsand is a welding flux.
The "seltic" pronunciation is used here stateside to refer to the basketball team from Boston, Massachusetts, The Boston Celtics. Everybody I know uses "keltic" to refer to all other uses of the word. The difference between the two is largely known here, but there's pockets of confusion still, due to the same spelling.
Thank you for answering my questions. Just one last one: what is a "flux"?
I love your work. How did you come across such a good quantity of ore?
Thanks, mate. I appreciate you taking the time to answer. :)
Beau travail, très intéressant...!! Félicitations...
@pyrominded The ore is roasted, to get rid of the water and especially the cristalline water.
what a simple and very effective bellows. great design.
This is pretty cool. Love the vid y'all. I gotta read up, and learn more about this.
@MrThijzer I would like to build a copy of the bellows you are using do you have plans i could copy?
@music1account You can mix different ores, but I would not take one with sulphur !
As the old saying goes, knowing the past lets you understand the now and anticipate the future
What is the name of rocks at 5:40, please? I don't know, and my English is not good. So, show me the name that i can try to find out with my langues! Thanks alot!
Limonite.
facebook.com/thijs.vandemanakker/posts/1169225469804775?pnref=story
Bog iron???????
do you have a diagram for the bellows?
at 0:20 you show a pit with reinforcing stakes. It is the only time I see it so I was wondering what it was for?
That's a slag pit.
www.yumpu.com/en/document/view/7131570/1-experiments-with-a-slag-tapping-and-a-slag-pit-furnace-anneke-
I'm a 16 year old boy who loves to get dirty and build and explore where can I learn about how to do this from scratch it's really fascinating. Besides the site., where can I learn to collet the resources for this project?
I saw a documentary about industrial iron smelting and it said that you have to add calcium (like sea shells or something like that). Is that true?
these are the rarest, and the last surviving human species called the celtic reenactors.
(click) yiiesh m'loooord? (click) owkaay, roi'awway...
Thank you for your compliment !
peace! :D anyway, I prefer yours over the other re-enactment shows. while the civil war reenactment in the US covers only about history(I think), your show cover about history and INFO that we ordinary people can use! I have no idea about bog iron until I watched your video! my thanks!
I see, and do you add something besides charcoal and ore? What is the purpose of the quartz sand mentioned by Robin DV in another clip?
What is the dry material that you are adding to the clay and straw to build the walls?
@Verradonairun In our village Eversham its Kelts.
The ore we use does not need calcium at reducing.
@sutrar
Yes. Of course.
At the description of this video I put a link to the page where you
can find a link to the lejre rapport, for answer to al your questions.
how did you make the bellows & what was the white powder you sprinkled into the fire & isn't it steel you're making
Hail friend may the old ways guide you.
Grateful !!
@MrThijzer Thanks, man. Is the reason why you're being so specific because it is pronounced differently, depending on where you are?
a real good example of what they actually did
@3:47 Look gods on their flying chariot!
+George Corbul Listen to the background sounds carefully and you will find out.
where can I find the description of how to do them bellows??
love the Mjölnir pendant necklace
what kind of bellows were they using?
what material did you use for the bellows
leather or cloth? could you use either or?
How long do you need to have the walls set ?
I noticed when you was making the clay for your furnace you added some red clay/dirt to it. what was it that you added? I have seen several videos about it and seems no one want to say what it is or comments back.
+Joe
That's quarzsand Joe , the grains with sharp corners.
Here's a full discription of two furnaces we did in 1996 in Lejre :
www.yumpu.com/en/document/view/7131570/1-experiments-with-a-slag-tapping-and-a-slag-pit-furnace-anneke-
Just ask if you don't understand, I'll comment back.
May I ask why are you adding hay to the clay? I know that it's been 6 years since this came out but I am curious! Great video nonetheless though!
We just replicate the furnaces of two thousand years ago, it's a kind of rebar.
Thijs van de Manakker what's the easiest way to find dirt that can be bloomed into iron?
To find bog ore: look for a stream with rust water, go upstream to where the brown color begins, prick the banks with a 50 cm iron pin
Cool video. Interesting subject. Thanks.
THANK YOU. UH, BUT DO YOU HAVE ANY MARSH MELLOWS.
HAVE FUN AND TAKE CARE GARE
Awesome video i enjoyed it liked and subscribed
Thank you !
They used regular clay they dug up? Where should i look for iron in the Americas? I know bog is in the marshes but are there any other places?
You look where you see rusty color on rock faces it is the iron ore surfaces turning to iron oxide
If you're in the Northeastern U.S. or Eastern Canada, there are natural sources of raw iron ore much better than anything a bogger could hope for. Around the Great Lakes where glaciers carved up the geology, it is quite possible to find boulders of nearly pure iron ore the size of bowling balls if not bigger. These rocks will be rusty/metallic and rather heavy for their size. (Enough iron in it where you could probably treat it like working with a bloom from the start.) Also if I recall, some of the largest stip mines for iron ore are in Minnesota or Northern Wisconsin. Along with coal and some other stuff, Appalacian mountain region also has some veins of exposed iron.
The stuff seems fairly plentiful. It's surprising the Native Americans never got around to doing anything with it like they did copper.
Dunno about Central or South America though. I'm sure they have their good sources too.
That clay is dirt, dung, water and straw.
If you don't mind me asking, whats with the reddish rocks you put in the charcoal fire?
+darklink1121 That's the bog ore we use to make the iron from.
oh well why is it going in the charcoal fire and not the Furnace?
I see
that life like paradise .... i like it so much .
thanks a lot.
Archaeologists say: Iron-age cows were bigger than Viking ones .
@practicalbeing Thanks for your reply. :) I think I heard some american reporter comment on the football team on tv - he used the "Seltic" pronunciation.
P.S. Scotland rocks! :)
Son fenomena mujeres y mesclando alcillas con paca secas y aguas y ha hornea tope juego hasta gue madure..y luego convertiendo materia principal necesitados.y que paseis felis y disfurtando su pasion....manual....tecnologias naturar...
where do i go to learn how to do this?
try the foxfire books
Go to my website or my facebook and feel free to ask if you don't understand or have any other questions.
You could go to the album: Early iron on my facebook page.
3:50 U can hear an air drop!
+Joetro Rust.
stray has sharp edges and i bet his hands were sore after that
What qualifies something to be celtic?
Search for : Thijs van de Manakker - Early Iron
@miteeoak What do you mean by diagram ?
This guy looks like Robin Williams when he comes out of the board game in Jumanji.
@Verradonairun as an american of mainly Irish and german decent on the paternal side, i learned quickly to pronoun it "keltic" to avoid getting back-handed in the face by my aunt.
What is bog-ore?
no. crap burns off. its clay. a special clay found in nature that is very heat resistant. at least thats what i suspect
Gracias, sólo había nacido hierro ...
Welke steensoort gebruiken jullie hier? Is dit ijzerzandsteen of Limoniet?
facebook.com/thijs.vandemanakker/videos/vb.100001519982564/1169215373139118/?type=3
Loamy clay, quartz sand and straw.
my smiting level has increased
Blacksmith- Do want something to protect yourself or deal some damage? Dragonborn- No just all your iron and leather.
Exacly what I was aiming for.
i really love it when the woman helps her man with his job :)
Really like this.
a very cool and simple people!
I use leather,
you can use every thing even a plastic bag.... as long as it's airtight !
All kinds of organic material .
Judging by the sounds, weather, place and people.. I'd guess.. The netherlands, Eindhoven, Museum of natural history on a warmish summer day?..
don't listen to the idiots I thought you did it quite well these kids have no patience keep up the good work
Why are you "roasting" the ore?
Too bad you really only get a few pounds out of this and it's not reusable. You have to make one really big to get enough steel to make a few hammers or swords or axes or a suit of plate or whatever.
A furnace like this can give up to 10 kg .
@Verradonairun indeed
looks like hell of a fun :)
Omg that is a HUGE pile of fire wood
@maxdecphoenix haha, thanks for answering :)
Old guy burns fingers at about 7:09
i don't get what they do though i liked it lol
@MrThijzer oh, ok. Thanks again ;-)
search for : Experiments with a slag-tapping and a slag pit furnace
They did the same thing in old iraq that called "tanour"
is that crap
?
thank you for this 😉
@miteeoak Yes, I do, just mail me.
Voiceover narrator would break up achieved atmosphere, I would have added some more face mimics ,eye contact, heavy breathing and some other elements of non-verbal communication. But very nicely done video anyway
Help! Help! I'm being repressed!
heheh...
"...looks like a king"
"how come?"
"he 'asn't got shit all over him"
bloody peasant!
Look, all I'm saying is that having some woman in a lake, handing out swords, Willy nilly, is NOT a viable form of government!!! (Paraphrased)