Why This Is the Deadliest Venom in the World
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 24 มิ.ย. 2022
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Credits:
Narrator/Producer: Stephanie Sammann
Writer: Barney Martin
Editor: Dylan Hennessy (www.behance.net/dylanhennessy1)
Illustrator/Animator: Kirtan Patel (kpatart.com/illustrations)
Illustrator: Elfy Chiang (www.elfylandstudios.com)
Animator: Mike Ridolfi (www.moboxgraphics.com/)
Sound: Graham Haerther (haerther.net)
Thumbnail: Simon Buckmaster ( / forgottentowel )
Producer: Brian McManus ( / realengineering )
Imagery courtesy of Getty Images
References:
[1]. www.sciencedirect.com/science...
[2] www.jstor.org/stable/2408300?...
[3] www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/12/3/100
[4] zslpublications.onlinelibrary...
[5] www.jstor.org/stable/3892954
[6] pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28927...
[7] www.biorxiv.org/content/10.11...
[8] • The World's Deadliest ...
[9] minerva-access.unimelb.edu.au...
[10] • This Is What Snake Ven...
[11] linkinghub.elsevier.com/retri... - วิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี
Obligatory shoutout to Kevin Budden, the man who in July of 1950 captured a live taipan to allow the development of a taipan antivenom.
As an amature herpatologist he travelled to Queensland to find the snake.
On July 27th he managed to find one in a scrapyard but during the capture was alone and ended up holding the snake with no way to bag it.
Walked to a road while still holding the snake to be given a lift by a passing truck driver.
Convinced the truck driver to take him to another snake enthusiast to help bag and confirm the identity of the snake (While still holding it).
Was sadly bitten on the thumb while bagging it.
Made the truck driver promise to organise transport back south to researchers before he would go get medical treatment.
Died July 28th after being given tiger snake venom which helped with the blood coagulating but did not help with the nerve damage caused by the nuerotoxins.
A madman and a legend. I'd say "Rest In Peace" but I cannot imagine that he is not already one of the most satisfied souls to pass, ever.
True Blue Legend
Dad saw sÀA
He was only 19!
@@tsm784 ...Oooff.
When you live somewhere so vast where a regular meal is a rare thing you can't afford an animal you bite running off before it drops and something else snatching it up.You need to be able to stop your prey as fast and efficiently as possible..No coincidence that Australia has the most types of the most venomous critters
Not to mention the prey scratching, biting or hurting the snake. Venom needs to be able to incapacitate immediately.
Esp given how huge Australia is. Lol
That actually makes sense. I just learned the six-eyed sand spider has the most potent venom of any spider, and it lives in the remote deserts of southern Africa. Probably the same dynamic.
@@AdrianCHOY that’s literally what he said by saying “when you live somewhere so vast”
Lets not forget Africa.
The Inland Taipan isn’t just the most venomous snake, it’s the most venomous animal on earth. Fortunately they’re extremely docile creatures that live far away from populated areas.
And they'd rather not waste their venom on people if they don't have to.
Nope. The box jellyfish 🪼 is the most venomous animal on earth
@@QueenSlytherinnot true. The venom in a box jellyfish is enough to kill 60 adult humans. The Inland Taipan is 100.
@@stellarwind1946box jelly kills you faster though
@@chriskarsseboom2200 not sure. Taipan venom is specifically tailored for warm-blooded mammals.
Not sure I've ever seen such a thorough explanation of how venom works. Well done! What's interesting is so many venomous snakes would make excellent captive pets...if not for the fact that 1 mistake could cost you anywhere between an ER visit and your life.
A "captive pet" is your own projection. "Entrapment" is their projection.
Hi from Australia 👋. I'd like to know why, how did this country end up with such a high number of venomous animals? Snakes, spiders and ocean creatures.
Veritasium has a video on this
God hates it.
Big space = low chance for food = need way to ensure catch = ultra potent venom
Does that make sense?
@@satyakonala not a great one with a mostly mathematical approach. At least he doesn't convince me.
@@cognisentnt8613 Yep, the harsh, dry climate (less productive biosphere) I'd argue acts as a multiplier to all of those factors. It basically makes the outback into a petri dish for increasing toxicity which may then filter back into the more hospitable areas along the coasts. Another factor is the snake's prey: as the venom gets more toxic the prey will evolve countermeasures to combat the venom. Whether that extreme toxicity hangs around over evolutionary time depends on whether its worth it from an evolutionary perspective to spend all that energy to make a toxin that concentrated (you need a lot of energy to concentrate that much enzymatic killing power in a small amount of liquid) and that diverse (2 separate synthesis pathways means more complexity in manufacturing and packaging).
During Australia's many droughts, the snakes that used their venom up on prey that then got a significant distance away before dying...died. This left the snakes whose venom was potent enough to produce an instant kill, to breed together. Perhaps a snake with coagulant venom genes bred with one that had beta neurotoxin (paradoxin) genes, and the result then meant that virtually all those snakes survived to breed, whereas none of the ones that lacked that gene combination made it through the next drought. This shows the concept of "selection pressure" very nicely. Selection pressure turns up in all kinds of places in our world...not just ecosystems.
This reminds me the golden lancehead Bothrops insularis
Yup, it’s about Evolution… either adapt to your environment or become extinct…
Why does the coastal taipan have primarily have beta and not both then
@@b0nkeror452 idk, same thing can be said for the central taipan too I suppose
@@b0nkeror452 Its primarily Alpha 😄 and probly cuz it stops shit quickly, youd have to wonder why the Inland version has both, maybe it hunts bigger slower stuff equally as often to do more damage over a day rather than in minutes
This is terrifying!! I was completely enthralled. I love when animations are included in these videos. It really helps to explain how it all works. The Inland Taipan's venom is a cheat code!!!
Great video. I'm an Aussie and you summed up the Inland Taipan's awesomeness beautifully. Well done.
I just wanna say thank you. Thank you for making educational videos of this quality for *free*. Thank you for sharing a passion with everyone. Thank you for making this platform better even if it is by a slight amount.
@@defcreator187 Why are you complaining? If I wasn't watching this, I'd be watching worthless content instead. I prefer spending my not so expensive internet subscription watching her videos and getting her the money she deserves.
WOW
bro deleted his comment 💀
@@jacksparrow2351😂😂
a different video said that inland taipans are very shy and that's one reason they are so difficult to find. Nevertheless, I am NEVER going to Australia.
Fascinating and brilliant presentation as always! One thing I really appreciate about your videos, is that you take topics to the next level which lends itself to curiosity and asking ‘why?’, really promoting the science, research, and a desire for understanding. There are countless other videos about the most toxic snakes, and you can easily learn that the inland taipan tops the list with just a quick search. But your video addresses why it is so? What is it about the venom? How did the venom evolve or converge in relation to the region? What actually happens to the body as each component of the venom takes effect? I love how intellectual and interesting your topics always are; truly next level!
this is the best comment I have ever gotten :)
@@realscience and 100% deserved! I discovered your channel not so long ago, and all of your content great. Everything Sikeosomanic is true for me too. Truly an awesome channel and keep doing what you're doing!
Can confirm... The editing, topics, explanation has been top notch from the very start. I actually subscribed on the 1st video i saw, the one about orcas. Truly fascinating, keep up the awesome work
I loathe serpents. Not out of lack of knowledge, rather the contrary.
Yet, I find they are quite fascinating. In my region of the world, constrictors share territory with snakes that use hemo toxins, as well as some that utilize a cocktail of neuro and hemo toxins to neutralize their prey.
Black Mambas are not found in South America. Kindly revise the visuals since you haave indicated they are found in South America instead of Africa
That was an amazing video! Thanks for a wonderfully produced and thought out production.
Thank you very much and congratulations! This is the ultimate best documentation in detail I‘ve ever seen ! All these details about this snake are astonishing and breathtakingly good! Regards, Bo 🇨🇭
The remarkable thing about inland taipans is how docile they are. I know two snake keepers who absolutely love handling them because of their laid-back nature. Being the most venomous snake doesn’t necessarily mean the most dangerous.
The movie Walking Tall about a laid back lawman that walked softly and carried a big stick...or the little skinny laid back punk taunting a group of outlaw bikers, while packing a 44 magnum wearing the T-shirt that reads don't make me open this can of whoop ass on you!". That'd be the inland Taipan😵!
Yeah, by comparison the costal taipan is much more aggressive. Eastern brown is next level angry haha
Yea,Had one living around a homestead on a property I was working on,
He/she was pretty chilled out.used to check me out when I watered the
grass around the homestead.
Freaked me out the first time though.haven one of them eyeball you for a bit.
When you are the deadliest thing living, and know it, there is no reason to be stressed: that's everything else's job.
@@kylewood2715 a species of box jellyfish has venom that can kill in 15 minutes, 3 times faster than this snakes venom.
The 30 min window for anti venom is only when you don't apply 1st aid. A compression bandage up the length of the limb will slow the venom down a lot, buying you several hours
Unless the snake injected the venom into an artery or vein. You’re screw by the time you even have time to react
Moral of the story: don’t go to Australia
😂
LMAO😂
😂😂
Well that’s not the answer.
It's considered prudent in Australia when walking through long grass to stomp your feet as you go. The vibrations scare away most snakes and makes you less likely to accidentally step on one. The exception, I've heard, are taipans. They'll come investigate. I don't know if it's true or not.
I don't actually know but I doubt they would
Go for a bushwalk when it's cold, ie, autumn, winter.
When I was younger, I would never go and explore the property when it was hot ( unless on motorbike or bushbasher).
8:06 Inland Taipan: my venom is already manifested overkill itself. but just to make sure, I will bite my prey several times more. it's like swatting flies with a sledgehammer
This reminds me of tutorials for case discussion in med school.
Very very advanced level yet concise and leaner-oriented.
Great job!
So basically med school is easy and you’re getting overpaid. Got it
Wow. That was quite a stretch…
I didn’t finish med school btw
One reason being it’s so difficult it makes your life hell
@@rodrigorosatoalves Clearly you didn't finish, your ability to format a sentence is disgusting.
Nice to hear a competent voice along with a great script. Thank you.
What a brilliant video. So informative. Fluid and interesting. Great stuff
I discovered this channel in Germany through the "mission Erde" channel. Your films are so good, informative and really interesting. Also very understandable with the German subtitles. Thank you for your work and please keep it up. Love goes out to everyone in this community
Your videos are incredible. Thank you for the massive effort and research behind them.
A fantastic, and easy to follow (even with the biochemistry) program. This is the best explanation about the chemistry and physiology of the Inland Taipan.
This was an amazing video, interesting in every aspect and visually appealing
Marvelous work, keep up the good content
Your narration is superb! Crisp, clear, evenly paced, with perfect pronunciation throughout. Thank you for such impeccable professionalism, a quality rare in both social media and irl.
Hello how are you doing?
I recently subscribed and am very impressed with the content. Thanks for breaking down a complicated subject for the rest of us "non-biology majors."
This video is actually horribly inaccurate and misleading. Its not even the most potent venom in the animal kingdom for starters, whole video is a lie meant to showcase a snake they thought was cool and scarrryy so they could rack in views.
I've been living in Alice Springs for over five years and I haven't seen a snake more than three times. They're all over the place here (mostly Western Browns) but they're so shy that you never see them. Nothing to worry about, really.
Excellent video! Looks like it was more challenging than most to make. I have a tough time with chemistry. You're a great TH-camr!
Another great video.
I've always been fascinated by toxicology and the natural evolution of venoms to better off prey in interesting and horrific ways, the Inland Taipan's gelatinising venom is just nature being metal AF...
If you like toxicology videos, check out the channel chubbyemu - it is a toxicologist who goes over medical cases explaining in detail what happened, how and why. Its like House in reverse.
"been a while since my college science classes"
This was literally a topic on my biochemistry capstone program final a month ago. At only a LITTLE more depth. Literally. The exact same topic, snake venom and arachidonic acid affecting the choline system.
You literally explained it better than a professor that's in the running for a nobel prize in the next 10 years.
Woow
Well, some professors at universities, especially the most brilliant/genius, are often incapable of conveying a clear message to others in about their field they are so refined with and have all the ins and outs of the literature down in such great depth! Short answer: conversations can be hard! Lol
That's, like literally so cool. Literally.
Great video!! Love seeing your passion and interest !
The amount/depth of detail explaining the different neurotoxins was so satisfying! Haven't been so happy in a TH-cam video in a while. (Even though it was pretty grizzly imagining how that would feel..) Still, great piece!
@Hello there, how are you doing this blessed day?
I had a close encounter with a coastal taipan in North Queensland when I was there as an exchange student. We were on our senior retreat and we were swimming in a water hole and I had one swim across the creek, literally right in front of me. I of course had no idea what kind of snake it was, but was told by a teacher who saw this, exactly what it was. They told me that taipans don't like to swim, so if I had been a little further up and had been in it's way, that it would have more than likely bitten me. I never got back in the creek after that. Lol
If that is actually what it was, you got very lucky. Bites on humans are extremely rare simply due to where they live. That also means that finding anti-venom isn't easy. On top of that, they tend to be very timid snakes, only biting when they feel like they have no other option. Snakes prefer to save their venom for prey; anything much larger than them isn't gonna die immediately from their venom, so there's still a potential for that creature to harm them even after a bite.
Coastal taipans are quite common in Nth Qld. I live near Cairns and have seen a few. They aren't aggressive unless you corner or poke at them. They like the long grass near a river at my place. I think they enjoy eating the barramundi frogs and grasshoppers here. My dogs scare them off if they get too close to the house or poultry pens. The fowl feed attracts mice which attracts snakes.
@@nahor88 dont want to meet up with any snake but the one snake that i would not want to meet up with is the BLACK MAMBA THE FASTEST SNAKE IN THE WORLD AND VERY AGGRESSIVE
Coastal taipan is not an inland taipan.
@@lucylovic We know that. This thread is a friendly little chat about coastal taipans which still deliver a deadly bite. Where do u live?
The Inland Taipan is also known as the Fierce Snake, which is a bit of a misnomer because unlike other Australian venomous snakes who will attack when threatened, it's actually quite timid and will back off unless it's cornered. I still wouldn't go annoying one though.
Correct. Also I may not be up to date with my recollections but I believe that it was said in some publication on Joe Blakes that there had never been a recorded authenticated death from an Inland Taipan bite. Not to say there has never been 1 given the remoteness and sparse population of its home range. Been quite a few for the Coastal version before the advent of a specific antivenin due to the increased likelihood of human interaction - and the more extreme nervous nature of the beast and its readiness to bite. Most snakebite deaths in Australia are from Eastern Browns - another 1 that is quite prepared to defend itself. Different from the extremely common Red-Bellied Black which will occasionally stand up in bluff but will always choose flight over fight given the chance.
@@theoztreecrasher2647 I'm sure the first Australians suffered a few hits, but they would have learned quickly
@@ray.shoesmith Yep. Natural Selection at its finest - under the guidance of the Rainbow Serpent Creator. :o
I very strongly disagree by experience. This snake is scared of nothing, even 80 tonne trucks. It will come after you without much of a reason if your in it's area.
@@richie5228 Both Andrew Vaughan (not Vaughn) and David Pitt were victims of COASTAL Taipans Not INLAND Taipans. Serum swabs and modern toxicology make diagnosing the type of snake involved considerably more accurate these days. 😉
Australia's equivalent to The Black Mamba. I came face to face with a Black Mamba on a bush walk. It was about 3.5 to 4m long. Needed a change of underwear afterwards
Hey love your videos and how you break down the science. I think that really helps get more people interested in it. F.y.i. though you had a few graph errors. The first time you compare the black mamba and costal taipan. The alpha and neuro toxins are one way. Like 5 mins later you compare them again and the graphs are switched to the opposite snake.
Excellent and indepth explanation of how venom works - and very accessible
This is awesome. Thank you Real Science for giving us such amazing content for free 🙌👏
If I didn't know better I'd think this venom was originally designed to defend the snake from an animal the size of a diplodocus.
This is the best video I've seen on snake venom! Great job!
The production, thought, and care that goes into making these videos is incredible. The narrator (I’m guessing she’s also the producer) is on the same level and professionalism as anything you might see in a Planet Earth documentary. Kudos and job well done. Keep up the excellent work.
She lost me when she started citing evolution. That's always the first sign of ignorance...
You share a moniker with a certain site .....
@@Sparky71870the first sign of ignorance? You mean the first sign of understanding anything about biology?
@@liamdoesmath2106 If you've ever studied biology, which I actually have done, you would know that evolution is a crock of shit.
@@liamdoesmath2106 Just another creationist whack-job. Ignore, it's the only way.
This was very informative. Love content like this which discusses in depth. :)
Incredibly well done video 👏👏👏 I would love it if you could do one on rattlesnakes and the variety and effects of their venom. Thank you so much for this information.
It seems like the most logical reason it has both kinds of venom is that at one point it mated with both species a long time ago. That would make sense too because the remoteness of it’s range area would mean they couldn’t be picky on who to mate with. Cross species mating is generally easier before the species become too distinct from each other.
It’s also possible it developed the duel venom first and was the only subspecies that could survive out in the desert and the other subspecies couldn’t kill all the rare available prey to stay alive.
Magnific video. Thanks for sharing your knowledge with we all.
Nature is as incredible as it is brutal, but try to understand it is fantastic.
Wow! Thank you so much for this video! I'm covering the nervous system with my Bio students at the moment and this is gonna be such a great way of brining it to life for them. Loved the detail you go into with the effects on the neuromuscular junctions!
This channel is awesome. Question: Do you think the Miocene (4:00), when jungles stopped being the dominant ecosystem, corresponds with when humans developed their knowledge and use of fire?
This video was nicely made and provided clarity
Nice writing, awesome narration.
Kudos to the whole team. Personally, I am a fan of Stephanie's narration. She even better than Siguorney Weaver.
This was such an interesting video. Natural selection and evolution never ceases to amaze me. That said, Australia seems to have taken the gold medal in creatures admired from a far.
Today first time TH-cam has suggested your channel. Your information is very good. I really like it. Good job.
So good and interesting.Thank you!
Damn, this was a legitimately great presentation. Lots of info and not presented in an overly diluted way.
Your videos are fantastic! I just found the channel and love it. The voice over is done extremely well. I’m often annoyed by the voice over and narration in other science videos on TH-cam. Do you make the animations yourself? They’re done incredibly!
The videos are made by a small team. Kirtan is the man for almost all of our animations :)
ATTRACTIVE VOICE ALSO !!!!!!!👍👍👍👍👍👍🐟🐠🐋🐙🐙🐬🐳🐟🐟🐚🐚🐳🐳🐙
@@rageagainstthemachine7434 ,why are you shouting?
@@opiumtrail7032 I CAN'T SHOUT , ALL I CAN DO IS TYPE !!!!!! FU _ K STICK !!!!!!!!!!!!!
I remember Steve Irwin coming face to face with one of these. Brutally daring yet showing the overall nature of the creature. Much respect for anyone that dares to handle this creature for science and the creation of antivenin.
RIP to that absolute legend.
Thanks for the details.
What a fantastic video! This is the first time I've ever seen your channel, but if the rest of your content is as good as this one, you might well get yourself another subscriber.
The only one thing you got wrong was when you said people may not want to get within a thousand feet of an Inland Taipan. Let me tell you, I live in Northern Ireland, they live in Queensland Australia, and I STILL think they're a wee bit too close! 😂
I’ve seen an all black snake while on a walk as a kid. I froze in my tracks just watching what it did and where it went. I knew it could see me as it stopped as well. The way it’s head shape and how dark it was made me think venomous snake as a kid. Even though my curiosity wanted to get closer I couldn’t. And watching this snake brought back those childhood memories locked away.
Pretty sure it wasn’t the Taipan. I’m not exactly sure what type of snake it was, just know that it seemed intelligent in the way it stopped and stared at me while turning it’s head then slithered away.
Staying completely still is the best thing you could have done. I'm no expert but have been around many highly vemonous snakes in the Australian bush. One of my hobbies was going out to photograph them.
The one you encountered was probably a red belly black snake. They are beautiful snakes, quite calm if you are but most are. Seeing them stand up flattening their neck like a cobra (tiger snakes do it better) is rather impressive.
Glad you chose to stay still and leave the snake alone. In regards to the Inland Taipan; bites from this particular snake are extremely rare because they are usually found in the Australian Outback, which is sparsely inhabited by humans.
I see heaps of snakes in the bush and my advice is respect their space.
Red belly black probably... it will retreat..
@@michaeltuffin5002 l was climbing up a high waterfall in a rainforest in coastal Northern NSW. As my head rose above the last ledge I found myself face to face with a yellow belly black snake. Less than 2 feet (0•6m)
away. It was the most beautiful sight incredibly glossy black and vivid yellow in the bright sunlight. I was almost frozen in the spot, but l slowly dropped back out of sight. I climbed up thru the bush instead and estimated it to be 5foot ( 1•5m) long.
I had an encounter with a 20 foot reticulated python lower down the same creek that was.
Awesome content and really great effort, thank you. Love from India 💖
That was a really cool video. It gave me the chemistry fix that I needed haha
I met a chap in Alpha Queensland who was bitten by a Taipan on his cattle station....
.he was lucky to survive, he was early 20's and in excellent shape......that is one serious
dangerous snake....
This girl explains things very well, even on a medical school lecture level.
@Hello there, how are you doing this blessed day?
Excellent job describing the different toxins and how they affect the body 👍🏻
Very well made video! So exciting how the world evolves.
Stephanie Sammann is hands down the best narrator I have listened too. Keep it up. Listen to her Orcas, Lions, and other game videos. The best!
Just to illustrate how deadly the Taipans are, I live in populated Eastern Queensland where a groundsman was bitten by an Eastern Brown snake ( less deadly than the Taipan) while working 'in the hospital grounds' I also work at, and he was a very sick boy nearly didn't survive. In another incident in the same area a woman in her 40's was bitten by an Eastern Brown whilst gardening, her son called the ambulance but by the time they got there (which wasn't long) she was already dead.
Both eastern brown?
Eastern brown, ,western brown,, and mulga these are worse snake of australia
And another is there is tiger snake,,
Thats the 2nd most deadliest venom in a snake in the world mate 😋 & the Coastal QLD Taipan is 3rd deadliest venom, altho the deadliest snake overall
The Common/Eastern Brown snake Pseudonaja textiles does have the 2nd most toxic snake venom in the world...the venom yield varies enormously from 4mg-40mg+.... Comparison between Taipan and Brown snake envenomation is rather like comparing being hit by a family sedan or a 4WD.....you are going to be severely injured...if not killed....Now please ponder this in the last 12 years 7 children have died from snake envenomation.....360+ have died in farming accidents....600 children under 5 have drowned in residential swimming pools......The only people bitten by the world,s most venomous snake have been herpetologists....no deaths....yet.... however death shall occur if idiots handle , "play " with venomous snakes in isolated parts of Australia to whit The Channel Country, best wishes, Marcus Dorse herpetologist Toowoomba Qld Australia
My dog got bitten by an eastern brown and never made it home which was 15 minutes away
Excellent. I'm an Australian that ventures into the bush sometimes on the east coast. 🙏
Thanks for doing this video.👍
I wouldnt be suprised if his venom is so strong is because the animals they eat had gotten a better resistence to it over time
I was VERY surprised that they didn't mention that. Even if this particular snake's prey don't account for any of the venom potency, the "arms race" theory is what we've all been taught, so they should have at least addressed the issue. Disappointing.
There is actually a snake in Australia that is resistant to all the snakes venoms. It even eats the Inland taipan with ease
Very good! Small correction, though: the Elapids (Elapidae) are not a genus, but a family of venomous snakes.
Very informative thanks so much.
Well done awesome thanks actually learnt something thank you
Love seeing you get closer and closer to 1 mil
so close. I hope it happens this year
Excellent video presentation! I have learnt a little bit more about the creatures that inhabit my ‘backyard’ as I live in central Australia and travel throughout the Outback for my work. I sometimes see Snakes crossing roads and I wonder what variety they are. I saw one once that certainly resembles the Inland Taipan, I caught it thinking that it was a black headed sand Python, it was quite docile and made no attempt to bite and after I took photographs of it I released it again and it went on its journey into the desert. Ha Ha! Now I am thinking that maybe I accidentally caught an Inland Taipan by mistake!
This animal is not docile. Its called the Fierce snake or savage snake by the Australian Aboriginals for a reason.
Bruh is out here caching snakes he can't even identify. In fucking Australia. Future Darwin nominee potential in this one
Love that Steve Irwin new this 20 years ago. This is a fantastic scientific breakdown of the reason. Great video.
Your narration is superb!
What a great ad for Australia tourism 👌
Thank you Thank you Thank you! The information in this video is mind boggling. Nature at its finest 💪💪
I'm Australian. I first became interested in snake venoms when doing my biochemistry PhD, using purified enzymes from the venoms (Oxyuranus scutellatus/Coastal Taipan - Australia, and Russell's Viper - India, for example) to activate pro-enzymes involved in blood clotting that I purified from many litres of human plasma, like Factor X (Xa), Prothrombin II (IIa), and factor V (Va) which acts as a cofactor with Factor Xa on platelet surfaces to activate Prothrombin to thrombin (IIa) so it can cleave fibrinogen to fibrin when then crosslinks platelets to form hemostatic plugs - stop bleeding.
Snakes have evolved so many different toxicity strategies. Amazing critters.
I grew up around snakes and was always taught to respect them, know their behaviours, breeding seasons etc and leave them the hell alone.
Learning more about them gave me even more respect.
Justin , can you riddle me why Atrax Robustus, at least , not sure about the other 35 , but how has its venom evolved to kill Primates and primates only please, can you answer this bloody vexing question. Thanx cheers
"Inland taipan can kill 100 humans with a single bite"
Cat & mongoose: "that makes me hungry."
Mongooses would die if bitten, the mongoose found in Africa has adapted to the snake's venom on its own continent, Honey badgers are not immune either to venom, they just have really thick skin, which makes it hard for snakes to penetrate properly, but not the venom found in Australia; the mongoose bodies constitution has not evolved to suit an Inland-Tiapans bite. So the mongose would definitely win the fight but would die if bitten.
I bet a honeybadger would see that and laugh! Honeybadger don't give a F!
@@sparkynate91I agree with you haha
Our hardcore Aus snakes aren’t as vicious as you think. Vast majority of the time, the first bite will be dry (unless it’s prey) It’s the snake saying “get the f**k away from me c**t”. If you get a second, tick, tick, tick......
Superb video on vipers and their venoms. Thank you.
Seen one of these inland taipans when I was out near Callide mines near Biloela Queensland these guys prefer to be left alone and are actually very passive, but they are beautiful snakes.
'If you happen to be walking out in the arid open plains of southwest queensland australia.."
why would someone carelessly venture into areas that can kill you with a sunstroke
Yep. There have certainly been more deaths from thirst than snakebite in the Australian outback! (And in other desert areas of the world.)
We " only " get the Coastal Taipan here. Pretty much the same thing tho'. There's sometimes a lot of difference between venomous and dangerous. Is it aggressive ? Is it insanely aggressive ? Will it chase you ? If it does will it catch you ? Will it bite more than once ? Does it have hypodermic fangs to get lots of venom into you ? Is the venom quick-acting so you might not have time to get to help ? Both types of Taipan score yes for all these questions, putting them at the top of the dangerous list.
They’re known to be quite docile and have never killed a person that’s known
@@HkFinn83 I don't know where you heard that, but it's entirely wrong.Sounds like someone got them mixed up with the West Australian Tiger snake.
@Science Troll Inland Taipan has never caused a fatality since they were discovered in 1879.Only a handful of people have been bitten in captivity and trying to catch them. Csl taipan polyvalent antivenìn is used when treating the bite of the Inland Taipan and has been successful in people making a full recovery 👍 in every case.
@@richardhincemon Actually I don't know why I wrote that the inland is aggressive . . . they seem to be pretty laid back.
"Evolutuion" through a series of fortuitous accidents 'created' this fantastically complex mix of toxins - anything that regulates are changes blood clotting is partiuclarly complex.. If you could lay out a blind and undirected PROCESS in which this could happen...I would LOVE to see it.
Your videos are amazing!
Drop bears, seriously that is what us Australians really fear. Vicious blood thirsty mammals that rely on the element of surprise than venom.
Ha, ha...!!
Would be a more believable joke if you had large mammals there like grizzlies
yeh the old drop bears, have not heard of those for a while. Nastiest creature in Oz is the hornet imo. Small but vicious and unpredictable. You can be around them all day and everything is cool. Make one false move and they will nail you. Been stung twice and still have no idea why? Hurt for a week. That was one hornet. cant imagine what a pack on you would feel like
The venom of these snakes is so incredibly potent, but human deaths from their bites are unheard of. They know to preserve their venom for prey whenever possible so they'd rather flee or hide than fight larger animals, and they live in extremely remote regions that humans rarely explore.
...until gold is found there... LOL
@@JakeWitmer Or Uranium. Maybe that's how they evolved so fast!? 😜😁
Clear explaiination love it
I have made a study of Australian snakes for decades because I live with Notechis scutatus by the truckload every summer. This video has some inaccuracies.
1) Constricting snakes don't APPLY pressure. They merely hold their ground. When their prey breathes out,the snake takes up the slack and holds it.
2) Elapidae is a family of genera not a genus. Oxyuranus is the genus of Inland Taipan ie O. microlepidotus. There are members of this family accross the globe and includes most sea snakes.
3) the venom of desert snakes, such as mambas and the inland taipan, is so toxic because it has the advantage their prey doesn't get too far away before dying.
4) there are 4 species of taipan, those mentioned and one in PNG.
While the inland taipan has the most potent venom, the brown snake in Australia is responsible for more fatalities, due in part to aggressive and it's more invasive to populated areas. But the saw scaled viper is the deadliest snake in the world, responsible for more deaths than all other venomous snakes combined.
Russel's viper
@@ronniekregar3482 the saw scaled Viper lives in africa, arabia, Southwestern Asia into India and Pakistan. It is responsible for the most human fatalities in the world from more than any other snake because of its wide range and coming into close contact with humans. The Russell's Viper lives in India to Taiwan and Java it is only responsible for the most casualties in India not the world.
I'm not saying this video is wrong, but I feel like I've heard "most venomous snake in the world" about 20 snakes by now.
This anticoagulant if you think about it. Must be to NOT only help it die quicker but, it leaves a trail of blood/scent for the snake to follow to where its target fell due to the continual bleeding. Nature is something, evolution in its "design" is genius indeed!
Seen a couple in my years (inland not coastal). See many more King Brown (yearly) and not as often as the brown but my favourite Red Bellied Black snake
Here in Aus we're taught the most venomous snake is the coral banded sea snake (luckily it's extremely friendly you can play with them and they just don't bite people)
I've also read the snakes on Brazil's snake island have the strongest and fastest acting venom (due to the fact it evolved to eat birds on a small island it needed to adapt it's venom to kill almost instantaneously)
I've also been told the Fleur de Lance has the strongest venom.
The scariest thing about taipans is they're f_cking psychotic they legit will chase you and strike over and over until they run out of venom (a boy was once bitten 21 times between his ankle and hip in a matter of seconds)
One chased my boss and I luckily we'd just finished installing a huge glass window and door we locked ourselves in that room and that snake legit was striking the window with all of its might over and over for a good 15 mins at least 🥺🥺
@Hello there, how are you doing this blessed day?
There’s two types of Taipans the Coastal (which is slightly less venomous) and the Inland (most venomous snake on earth) the coastal is far more aggressive and psychotic the inland is rather mild and shy but will still defend itself if cornered
We're never taught the most venomous snake is the coral banded sea snake here.
@hoffjdod3276 how tf a snake psychotic
Please don't play with Coral snakes
This is why I live in place (Great Lakes, USA) where the cold air hurts my face.
Brilliant video. Amazing, phenomenonal! Only one correction: Elapid is a family, not a genus. When looking at the binomial nomenclature; Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus Species; let's classify a black mamba: Kingdom: Animalia; Phylum: Chordata, Sub-phylum Vertebrata; Class: Reptilia Order: Squamta; Sub-Order: Ophidae; Family: Elapidae; Genus: Dendroaspis; Species: Dendroaspis polylepis. Capice?
I'm in Melbourne we have Tiger snakes and although not as deadly they still are and We have a German shepherd who's sister was killed at a local park by a tiger snake.
Always Australia. Greetings from SA!