Syed Abul A'la Maududi Series (Urdu)~ Islam Ka Siyasi Nizam ابو الاعلی مودودی اسلام کا سیاسی نظام

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Abul A'la Maududi (Urdu: ابو الاعلی مودودی‎, Abul Alā Mawdūdī - alternative spellings of last name Maudoodi, Mawdudi; 25 September 1903 - 22 September 1979) was an Islamic scholar, Islamist ideologue, Muslim philosopher, jurist, historian, journalist, activist and scholar active in British India and later, following the partition, in Pakistan.[1] Described by Wilfred Cantwell Smith as "the most systematic thinker of modern Islam”,[2] his numerous works, which "covered a range of disciplines such as Qur’anic exegesis, hadith, law, philosophy and history",[3] were written in Urdu, but then translated into English, Arabic, Hindi, Bengali, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Burmese, Malayalam and many other languages.[4] He sought to revive Islam,[5] and to propagate what he understood to be "true Islam".[6] He believed that Islam was essential for politics and that it was necessary to institute sharia and preserve Islamic culture similar to the reign of Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb and abandon immorality, from what he viewed as the evils of secularism, nationalism and socialism, which he understood to be the influence of Western imperialism.[7]
He was the founder of the Jamaat-e-Islami, the then largest Islamic organisation in Asia.[8][9][10] At the time of the Indian independence movement, Maududi and the Jamaat-e-Islami actively worked to oppose the partition of India.[11][12][13] After it occurred, Maududi and his followers shifted their focus to politicizing Islam and generating support for making Pakistan an Islamic state.[14] They are thought to have helped inspire General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq to introduce "Sharization" to Pakistan,[15] and to have been greatly strengthened by him after tens of thousands of members and sympathizers were given jobs in the judiciary and civil service during his administration.[16] He was the first recipient of the Saudi Arabian King Faisal International Award for his service to Islam in 1979.[17] Maududi was part of establishing and running of Islamic University of Madinah, Saudi Arabia.[18]
He was the second person in history whose absentee funeral was observed in the Kaaba, after King Ashama ibn-Abjar.
Founding the Jamaat-i-Islami
Main article: Jamaat-e-Islami
Main entrance of the House of Syed Abul A'la Maududi 5-A, Zaildar Park, Ichhra, Lahore
In August 1941, Maududi founded Jamaat-e-Islami (JI) in British India as a religious political movement to promote Islamic values and practices. His Mission was supported by eminent scholars such as Maulana Amin Ahsan Islahi, Mualana Muhammad Manzoor Naumani, Maulana Abul Hassan Ali Nudvi and Maulana Naeem Siddiqui.
Jamaat-e-Islami actively opposed the partition of India, with its leader Maulana Abul A'la Maududi arguing that concept violated the Islamic doctrine of the ummah.[11][12][13] The Jamaat-e-Islami saw the partition as creating a temporal border that would divide Muslims from one another.[11][12]
Maududi held that humans should accept God's sovereignty and adopt the divine code, which supersedes manmade laws, terming it a "theodemocracy",[47] because its rule would be based on the entire Muslim community, not the ulema (Islamic scholars).[48]
Maududi migrated to Lahore, which became part of the new state of Pakistan.[12]
After the creation of Pakistan
With the partition of India in 1947, the JI was split to follow the political boundaries of new countries carved out of British India. The organisation headed by Maududi became known as Jamaat-i-Islami Pakistan, and the remnant of JI in India as the Jamaat-e-Islami Hind. Later JI parties were the Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami, and autonomous groups in Indian Kashmir.[49]
With the founding of Pakistan, Maududi's career underwent a "fundamental change", being drawn more and more into politics, and spending less time on ideological and scholarly pursuits.[50] Although his Jamaat-i Islami party never developed a mass following, it and Maududi did develop significant political influence. It played a "prominent part" in the agitation which brought down President Ayub Khan in 1969 and in the overthrow of Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto in 1977.[51] Maududi and the JI were especially influential in the early years of General Zia ul-Haq's rule.
His political activity, particularly in support of the creation of an Islamic state clashed with the government, (dominated for many years by a secular political class), and resulted in several arrests and periods of incarceration. The first was in 1948 when he and several other JI leaders were jailed after Maududi objected to the government's clandestine sponsorship of insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir while professing to observe a ceasefire with India.[52][12]
In 1951[53] and again in 1956-7,[54] the compromises involved in electoral politics led to a split in the party over what some members felt were a lowering of JI's moral standards.