ACE Personal Trainer Exam - Study Tips
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 10 ก.พ. 2025
- A video that I hope those of you studying for (and trying to pass!) the ACE Personal Trainer exam find helpful! A few key points mentioned in the video are:
1. Skip the essentials of exercise book. It has a lot of unnecessary information that will likely stress you out. Read the PT Manual thoroughly and make sure you know it like the back of your hand.
2. Chapter 7, chapter 7, chapter 7, chapter 7, KNOW chapter 7! (kyphosis lordosis, pelvic tilts, flexion and extension of the hips, knees, and shoulders, etc.)
3. Buy both practice tests offered by ACE through their website. It's better than paying 3x the price of the practice tests having to re-take the exam.
4. The book is an excellent study source, but there are other outside resources that will help you better understand concepts you're a bit shaky on (TH-cam, Google in general, non-ACE practice tests, etc.)
Please feel free to contact me at any of the options below if you have specific questions or video ideas (email preferred)
Please like, comment, subscribe, if you found this video helpful!
Contact: carterhfitness@gmail.com
Instagram: / carterhfitness
Twitter: / carterhfitness
Passed my test today with a score of 600 out of 800. A month ago I would have said no way I could do it, but with good TH-cam advice and practice tests finally made the jump. thanks to everyone who took the time and made helpful videos
Thanks man, felt really overwhelmed by the book you said not to focus on. Seriously appreciate the direction.
PASSED.Greetings Carter,a big thank you to you for the tidbits,I just took my test today 2 hrs ago in fact and passed with a 587 after 3 days of serious studying (Had had the books since feb lol) .I concentrated on exactly what you said and boom,that was the exam,I must say the essential book is the most unnecessary book out there,absolutely nothing came out of it,glad I didn't waste my time on it,i depended on my nursing background.The questions reminded me of my RN exam yrs ago as they are mostly situational and required critical thinking to find the most appropriate answer(especially on questions regarding client trainer relationship etc).I was confident there was no way i will fail but your video really guided my crash studying.Big thanks again
That's awesome man thank you for sharing! Glad I could help you out and save you some time in your studying.
Just passed my ACE cert and even with your video being a few years old now, it was one of the most helpful resources I had. Thank you so much!!
so glad I saw this video and this comment! the exercise science video freaked me out (still want to know it but i feel better i dont have to focus on it so much)
Thank you! I take mine in a week and have been freaking out about what I need to study. This helped a TON and feel so much more prepared.
Glad it could help! Good luck on your exam!
The best video I've seen so far about what to study! Keep up the good work! I take my exam in 3 weeks
Thank you, I'm glad it could help! Good luck!
Thank you so much for this. I have the exam in 20 days. I am actually doing chapter 7 now...i have been following the lessons based on the study guide ACE gives. I wish I had seen your video before.
I really do appreciate you posting this video regarding the exam. I'm onto chapter 8 now and I hope to take the exam in January. Of course, I've been stressing about the essentials book to the max and it is super overwhelming!
It is! Like I said just stick to the manual. Good luck!
thank you SO MUCH! Taking my exam in 4 days and definitely haven't been able to study enough. Really appreciate this video!
You're welcome! Glad I could help! Let me know if you have any questions at all.
Katie Reines how was the math portion? I'm worried most about that. all those formulas make my head hurt!
I'm stressing over all this material as I study and your video is really helping me get a better idea for what I need to focus on; also great clear delivery and no wasted time. Thanks a bunch!
oh man, i'm so grateful i ran into this video! i'm a little over a month from taking the exam and I've been hitting the essentials of exercise science hard because that is what the ACE website suggested reading and gives practice tests. i haven't even looked at the personal trainer manual. crap. now, i'm more nervous.
Thanks so much!! I'm a registered dietitian too, but I want to be able to help my clients in BOTH ways. This video helps a ton to know what to focus on :)
Glad the video could help. Good luck!
How to pass the ace personal trainer exam:
0:52 "I read it almost single word".
When i almost want to give up studying this thick 700+ pages book, this sentence pop up in my mind, it motivates me to keep reading it, and give hope to me that it is possible to pass. Thanks so much for this video ! 18 days count down for cpt exam 😅😥
That's what it takes! You're well on your way. Best of luck studying and please come back and let me know how it goes!
Chapter 1 - Scope of practice
NOT supplements, nutrition, alternative
client-trainer rel
Repoire
Investigation
Planning
Action
S
M
A
R
T
goal
Stages of Learning:
cognitive - new to it; need careful demo
associative- master the basics, specific feedback
autonomous - performing naturally
Trends Theoretical model of behavioral change
TTM
contemplation,contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance
ie. in book
IFT model (Integrative Fitness Model)
4 phases - functional movement training, cardioresp. Training
(readiness of client)
Planes of motion
frontal
sadinal?
Transverse plain
(see pictures in book)
Chapter 7 - ***
- difference between tight (dominate, overworked) & lengthen (weak,needs strengthening) muscle
flexion vs. extension (in hip)
flexion (picking up hip)
extension (kicking back hip)
Hip aduction (add - towards the midline)
abduction (away from the midline)
hurdle test (stand on one leg) - hips aduct inwards (how to fix)
lower docis (excesive anterior curve in lower back)
(more curve in front - tight hip flexers, tight erector spine)
decreased anterior curve - tight hamstrings, tight abs
Aerobic - with oxygen
anaerobic - without oxygen
Beta-blockers - lower blood pressure
Type I&II muscle fibers - slow vs. twitch
concentric vs. essentric
mind/body chapter - not too important
special populations - extended warm-up cool down
business chapter 18
waiver is
negligence - comparative, contributory, gross
(whose responsible, causes, etc.)
You da best.
Lakers fan that’s pretty much it what he just posted more of chapter 7 is the biggest thing to focus on
Thanks for making this video. Like a lot of others, I was overwhelmed and my focus all over the place trying to remember everything. I gave myself 2 months to study and then take the test. About 5 weeks in, I felt like I was screwed and that I was never going to be able to pass the test. Then I came across your video and it just helped me so much. I followed everything you said except reading the book with the exception of chapter 7 of course. I am happy to say that I just passed the test two days ago. Thanks again.
Awesome!! Congratulations on passing the exam! I'm glad the video could help you out!
I took this test about 3 years ago but the material is still the same today. I passed it the first time but it was hard as hell and it took a solid 2.5 hours. I used to be in real estate and i passed that exam and then i got my brokers license and took that exam. This test was harder than both of those real estate exams. You better study everything. I bought the practice test for $25 and that is wbat helped me pass, hands down. This test is no joke. Im now a full time personal trainer at workout anytime and my income is more than sufficient. Be easy...
I am so into anatomy but can't memorize the exact names of joints and other simple things! I've been freaking out! Thank you for taking a little weight off my shoulders with these tips. Thank you.
Not a problem! Let me know if you have any other questions!
Carter Huddleston hi carter this is raman from india preparing for ace exam can u plz explain about the passing score .i saw its 200 the minimum or 500 hope to get ur help .god bless u
+ramanndevjeet RDJ 500 is minimum= 90/150
Thank you!! I've been studying the other book and it's been killing me
Jennifer DeMain Glad the video could help! Yeah don't stress too much over the exercise science book!
Thanks for this. I'm taking the exam in 13 days and plan on using my cert. for my social media marketing agency (we focus on fitness & health niche).
Great video man this helped a ton regarding my studying. Chapter 7 is my least favorite so I'm glad I watched this.
Glad the video could help! Yeah definitely make sure you've got chapter 7 down. Feel free to email me if you have any specific questions along the way. Good luck studying!
Cheers, bro! I'm a week away from the exam and your video def. eased some stress.
Glad I could help man! Email me or hit me up on Instagram with any questions!
THIS IS SO HELPFUL! The exercise science book has been stressing me out and taking up so much time, so it’s a huge relief to know it’s not super important. Thank you for all of the information here, it’s taken a huge weight off! 🙏🏻
You're welcome! Good luck on the exam.
That book had me going crazy!! I take my test tomorrow! This gave me so much relief!!
Yeah me too! How did the exam go??
I passed!!!! Chapter 7 is damn near the whole thing! I swear what saved me was all the ones about nutrition bc i knew the answer was to refer them to a dietitian! The 3 hour clock counting down on the screen was so annoying too. But i must say, I’m glad to be certified now!! Thank you again for this honest ass video! You kept it real!!!
Congrats that's awesome!! Glad I could help!!
Thanks for the tips dude. I'm taking my exam next weekend. Took some key notes so thank you
Glad the video could help! Good luck on your exam! Definitely comment back here after you take it and let me know how it goes man.
Carter Huddleston I passed it. Thanks for your tips on what to expect.
Congrats man!
this is helpful! using your tips daily! taking my exam in March! thanks!
Glad the video could help! Let me know if you have any specific questions too. Good luck studying!
so glad I watched this I was really stressing out and having anxiety but now I feel a lot better I know I can succeed.
You got it! Good luck!
Just took this exam! 7-7-18 Passed! Phew..few update pointers..know how to adjust and program for pregnant clients! The exam is subjective so yes, understand chapter 7 because there is a ton on posture deviations! Anterior/posterior tilts and their connecting muscles/causes is a big one! Scope of practice is big like this fellow mentioned and also eccentric and concentric movements!!. Wording and questions are different! Almost foreign compared to our study guide! So beware! Passed it on my 1st time..because of this video! So everything he mentioned should be studied!! Good luck guys!
Oh! Also forms! The forms in the book were surprisingly a big part of the exam. Understand the forms!!
Glad the video could help you out! Thanks for sharing some more recent exam info for other viewers. Congrats on passing!
Thanks a LOT man! I have my test coming up and I'm much more relaxed about it now! Thank you!
Great video bro... by far the best 1 I've seen... most of the other videos actually made me contemplate not taking the test... ur did the exact opposite... thanks
That's awesome man! I'm glad the video helped you out. Hit me up if you ever have any specific questions while studying.
Pretty perfect exactly what I needed, Thanks and Congrats on passing
Mecca Morris Thank you! Glad I could help. Good luck!
Thank you! I take my exam on Monday, Halloween day. This was very helpful.
Caroline E you're welcome! Good luck!
Thank you, Carter. I'm going to pass this on to my son. God bless!
Jean Lanzilotti Glad it could help!
I highly appreciate this video. The anatomy stuff was brutally sucking out my soul because I thought I had to learn it all. What a relief! I'm only on my 3rd week.
Yeah don't sweat it! Keep the studying consistent and you'll be ready in no time. As always, hit me up with any specific questions you may have along the way!
PASSED!!!!!!!!!
Dawn Brandt Congrats!! That's awesome! Thanks for coming back and letting me know! I hope the video could help, even if it was just a little bit!
EXCELLENT!
How is the exam.?? Is it really tough ..?? I plan on sitting for my exam later this year..!!
i see you passed your exam congrats!!!!! i am currently studying ace. was this video accurate about test?
Also SUCH A GREAT tip about the practice tests. Didn't know that they had full practice tests out there!
Jennifer DeMain Yupp! The ones provided though ACEfitness.org are great recourses! Highly recommend them!
practice questions . net for more practice tests, and cheaper too!!
Thanks for this dude. I'm like halfway through the Exercise Science book and was like no way I'm going to remember all of this. I'm just going to concentrate on the PT manual now.
Yeah definitely spend your time mastering the PT Manual. The Exercise Science book can get pretty overwhelming. As always, shoot me an email if you have any specific questions; I'd be glad to help!
Drew Paolucci
Good
Thank you for posting this, I am currently in school and learning this section about this. And what you said, will help me now. Thank you so much..
Of course! Glad I could help. Definitely ask me any questions you may have.
+Carter Huddleston yeah, i will ! I have the class nutrition , pyshical excercise , interduction to kinesiology, understanding fitness & wellness. And some of what i read in all the books is equal to the other information. How many questions are there on the ace exam and did you needed to calculate?
Thx man. I'm taking the PFT course over two weekends starting November 2nd. I really appreciate your help.
Not a problem man glad I could help. Best of luck studying.
Thanks! Great tips and perfect suggestions and direction!
I'm taking my exam on the 12th. This video made me feel a bit more comfortable about how I might do, but I will definitely come back to tell you how I did.
well how did it go ?
Thank youuu! Got my exam in 4 hours, and ill go once again thru chapter 7 & all that u mentioned!!!
ItsGabie Glad I could help! How did it go?
Omg! Haha
I can't help but laugh because I was bleeding from my eyes and ears from the Essentials book. Not that I don't want to know the contents but I'm so busy with my personal life that now knowing it's the Manual I really need to know-hands down- just SAVED ME! Lol
Congrats on passing, by the way!
I'm sorry you didn't find the video sooner! I feel like that happens to a lot of people that's why I tried to make it a main point. Email or DM me with any questions you may have!
THANK YOU! I HAVE TO STUDY AND YOU HELPED ME RELAX A LITTLE BIT ABOUT IT LOL
Glad I could help!
Getting my books in today, thank you for the advice. Hope to be ready in no time
Just go through that book carefully and that should do you well. Good luck studying and let me know if you have any questions along the way!
@@CarterHuddleston appreciate it
studying for the test just got a lot easier!!! thanks
No problem; glad I could help! Make sure to leave a thumbs up!
Omg, thanks so much for your info. Was planing on spending all weekend with the essential book. What about math ( formulas)? Where there questions where you needed a calculator? Thanks again for your time💪🏼👍🏻
The only math questions I remember were calculating calories from different macro-nutrients or determining lean body mass given weight, BF %, etc.
Cleared ACE Today thanks for your tips it helped
Glad the video helped you out. Congrats!
thanks bro! my test is in two days! really wish i saw this video two months ago lol would've not wasted time with flashcards or essentials!
Glad the video could help you out man. Good luck on your test!
currently studying for ACE PT. just got to chapter 7! I am taking lots of notes and flash cards
Stephanie Martinez have you taking your exam yet?
I'm taking it in two days I'm mad nervous but definitely helps man
on chapter 7 now thanks for the study tips
Take your time with chapter 7. Glad the video could help good luck studying!
Really good work. Thank you my dude!
Video is very informative, thank you so much such a big help honestly
Glad it could help you out!
U just saved my life thank you so much...
Hien Van not a problem! Glad the video could help!
All I can is thank you thank you thank you
You're welcome!
Thanks!!! My test is October 27th and that Essential book is killing me!!!
Don't stress that book man. Just dive in to the Manual and make sure you know that in and out!
+Carter Huddleston thanks. That's what I keep hearing. Your video has been super informative for me. Best wishes in all your future endeavors.
Excellent video! Thanks.
Hey Carter! Great Video! Lots of useful information! Luckily, for me, I have an extensive Background in Anatomy & Physiology. Hopefully that will beneficial when I take the exam. I will make sure I study Chapter 7!!!! Thanks Again, Steve From Boston
The A&P background will help a ton, especially with chapter 7! You're at a good headstart. Good luck studying!
Thanks buddy. Going to crack the book open and get’r done.
Good luck studying!
Thanks for making this brother!!
No problem man I hope it helped!
Very good explanation. I feel like an idiot though I drilled myself on the essentials lol. I bought the practice exam kit and realized it was all based on the manuel. Either way based on what you're saying the practice tests are very similar. Thanks again for the advice man I appreciate it.
Not a problem man, glad I could help!
So you're telling me you read just the manual (obviously took notes and all) and passed the exam? I definitely wasted time on the essentials! But thanks for the video this really helped me out! Good luck on your journey!!
Yupp! Glad I could help!
Thank you Sir 😌 Chapter 7 isn’y ready to be read this thoroughly!
great video! thanks so much I take my test in March. kinda freaking out lol also I'm a visual learner too!
can you let me know what kind of math is on there? or any tips thsts the part I'm really freaking out about. math is my nemesis
Thank you! Glad the video could help. Also, not too much math. From what I remember it's just converting macros into calorie amounts and something similar to the lean body mass problem I mentioned in the video.
Carter Huddleston Thank you so much! You Rock!
Hey man just wanted to say thanks for the video! passed my certification last week and your tips really helped out a lot. Had to show some love to a fellow Virginian. I currently reside in the Nova area but visit Richmond all the time. Would love to plan something and do some collab workout vids in the future!
Glad to hear you passed your exam! And yeah man definitely!
Dude, cannot thank you enough!!!
Good video man. Helped out a lot!
Glad it could help man. Good luck studying!
for chapter 7, do i need to know EVERY chart with the deviations? like which muscles are lengthened etc??? there’s soooo many omg.
this video was so helpful btw! thanks! i’m a little overwhelmed rn with chapter 7
can someone please answer this question
Today...I received my ace personal trainer manual 5th edition...
This is boook is Very informative....
Awesome book...
If You want to become ace personal trainer.... don't wait...go and buy it.....
Thanks for the help Carter! Im still early on in my ACE studies and im wondering if you also used the videos provided by ACE to help you along the way?
Thank you so much for this!!
You're a life saver!. Thank you!
Mackenzie Roach Glad it helped! Good luck!
Mackenzie Roach Glad it helped! Good luck!
Mackenzie Roach Glad it helped! Good luck!
Super helpful! Thank you very much!
Anytime! Glad it could help.
Awesome vid. Very informative... Take mine in a week
Glad the video could help. Good luck!
Thank you for your video!I am about to take the test and really scared.
Good luck! Email me or DM me if you have any questions!
great video double thumbs up... question i have is are alot of the actual exam questions similar to the lessons you take online? and in the comprehension book? thanks
Thanks man glad it could help! The actual exam questions are very similar to the two practice exams offered by ACE.
thanks a lot bro, def need to read chp 7 again lol... test is in 6 days wish me luck!
Good luck man!
Thanks for the excellent advice! You really know your stuff. I'm a massage therapist - so I have background in A&P & Kinesiology.. but my exam is already three weeks away (the date has just been creeping up on me) Pretty nervous because I'm in OK shape...I've thoroughly read the first 6 chapters of ACE Volume 5 and I've read the code of ethics and glossary. I'm gonna spend the rest of the night banging out chapter 7, and then I'll probably read it again tomorrow. The only thing you mentioned in the video that I don't feel good about yet is the ACE IFT Model. I copied the charts down but I've yet to really get it into my brain. Any tips for a procrastinator like me? Oh, and should I memorize any formulas other than Karvonen? Thanks so much! I'm gonna go follow you on IG because you're awesome!
I'm glad the video could help you out! So for the IFT, there's two parts but four stages to each. The first is Functional movement and strength training, and the second is Cardio-respiratory training.
For the first one, the way I remember it is to make the terms simple. Phase 1 is all about stability. Exercises that help with balance and stability. Phase 2 is all about movement training, so getting into body-weight exercises . Phase 3 is resistance training when you add in the weights. Phase 4 is advanced performance training for high level athletes.
For the second, it's basically the same concept expect for cardio-respiratory training. Starting off in the beginning phases and working your way up.
Thanks for the follow and I'm glad I could help! I followed you back! Let me know if you have any other questions too!
YESSSS. Thank you for summing up the IFT model to make it more straightforward. The only other question I've come up with that I'm pretty curious about is the Risk Stratification system. Should I pretty much be memorizing the risk stratification or is that something I should be less worried about? No questions came up on the official Ace Practice exam, but the somewhat phony practice exam from tests.com presented a few questions related to this. Thoughts?
Thanks for the video Carter, it eased a lot of stress! I take my exam in May. I've been studying for a few months now, yet it stills seems like a bunch of info to retain. would you recommend any other tools to help me prep or should I just stick to what you've explained for the most part..?
Hey Harrison, glad the video could help man. Yeah I would just stick to what I mentioned in the video. Like I said, figure out which ways you learn best (i.e. reading, pictures, videos, etc.) and stick to that. I can't stress the importance of the practice exams offered by ACE too. They're great resources. Hit me up if you have any specific questions though for sure man.
Awesome. Again, thank you!
Taking my test tomorrow!
Good luck!
Thank you! I passed 😊
That's awesome! Congrats!!
Hey, saw your 1 of the most recent successful test takers. My next is next week, was wondering if you could email me any tips or anything you noticed on it. Thanks.
The wording of the questions was very tricky. It did not tell me what I missed and got correct at the end. There were several questions that have a mini video asking you about posture corrections so make sure to review those along with memorizing exactly how it looks. I struggled a bit there because I did not expect to have those kinds of questions. It took me the entire 3 hours to complete and I thought I did not pass but I did! Good Luck! Just study hard and you should do great. Oh, I memorized all the formulas and that was a total waste of time :-( there was questions that used the math, but it was already converted and basic. You need to know how many calories are in each macro. There are actually some tips for the exam right there on you ACE page that will help you Tremendously with your exam. Somehow, I did not see those type until afterward and I was like wow! So, scan you ACE page for any and all tips for preparing for exam and read and watch all the videos provided by ace!
Thank you for the video. I test at the end of this month so this helps a lot. I will keep reading Ch 7 and go back through the book and re-visit all the things you addressed. Do we need to memorize the formulas? Thanks. :)
Very basic formulas like calculating body fat percentages, etc. Good luck on the exam!
Thank you! Very helpful!
Glad I could help! Definitely message me with any questions!
Carter Huddleston Do I have to know about BMI, cardiovascular and respiratory systems?
I don't think BMI, but do know how to calculate a "goal" body fat percentage given a weight, current body fat percentage, and weight loss amount (there are a few examples of that in the book and practice tests.)
For cardiovascular and respiratory systems: you asked a very broad question. What about them?
BMI was one of the few calculations I had to do on my exam.. I wouldn't rule it out. Simple equation.
Hey I’m doing the ace certificate and I’m wondering if you did the online videos and quizzes? I’m confused if we need to do that also. Or do we only study the book?
Congratulations!!! I have a question about chapter 9, 10, and 11 and I would like for you to break it down form. From those 3 chapters, what should I be studying for that will be on the exam?
I'm literally on my last 3 modules and spent 9 weeks studying and reading and I totally agree about the Essentials of exercise book! I feel so stupid that I actually read everything and took notes, but in reality, the majority of that information will not be on the test and is VERY overwhelming! DAMN!!!! DONT read the Essentials of Exercise!
Hey!
First of all I want to thank you for your video!
I have a question for you,what about anatomy (another book which comes with the manual) .Did you have a lot of question about related to anatomy?
Anastasiia Burliet You're welcome! And no, not really besides main muscle groups and the concepts of flexion and extension.
intelligent guy...thnx for video man...awesome info
Medi Medi not a problem!
Great video buddy.
Congrats
I just wanted to know for how many months did u study the manual? Daily how many hours?
And are you working as a personal trainer now?
Thank you. Studied for about 4-5 months averaging maybe 2-3 hours a day. Yes part time at college.
Studying chapter 7 as we speak. have not decided when i will take the test yet - i am in Malta Europ
Hello guys and gals...I see a lot of positivity and passed exam comments here and just had a couple questions...I am currently starting over with my studies after a head injury and am just as overwhelmed as when I first started studying a couple years back!! My first question is pertaining to the ACE ELITE program that I have, it has quizzes for each chapter but also there's questions in the ACE master the manual...and what I have started doing is writing down every question and every answer front and back page of a notebook...is this beneficial at all and if so would only doing so for one or the other work or should I continue doing both?? Or would just continuing to read the manual over and over be more beneficial??
Thank you so much for this video!!
Thank you so much!!!! 🙏🏾🙏🏾
Trenae Fitlife Vocalist you're welcome!
My ACE exam is in 5 days. How important is the essential exercise science book?
just passed.. Thx for the tips..
Congrats! Glad the video could help!
Hi Carter, thank you so much for this very informative video. Quick question, how about the formulas? Were there many questions about this? I am really struggling trying to remember all of them. TIA! 👏
Not too many math formulas. Basic body fat %, macros calculations, etc. Don't sweat them too much.
Thanks for the tips. Can you tell me (now that you are ACE-Certified) what courses you take to maintain your certification without paying out the wazoo to do so? (ie. do you know of any free CEC ACE courses, etc. to get your required 20 hours/2.0 credits)?
Most of the CECs I know of are offered through ACE directly and, like you said, pretty expensive. If you receive the ACE magazines, sometimes they will include a short little quiz that you can take and mail it (alone with ~$20 I think) for 0.1-0.2 credits.
Right now I'm studying for my ACE PT exams....
Thank you so much.
You're welcome!
Just got my books today! Totally overwhelmed... how did you plan out your studying? I work two jobs right now so dedicating two days a week to crack down and stay focused..how long did it take from the time you started til you took your test?
Like I said in the video, I took a class in school that lasted from January-May. I had other classes as well so I didn't dedicated much time to reading the book thoroughly. So from May-August I read every chapter, took down notes, etc. I didn't have an exact plan, I just made time to study during the day.
I'm currently enrolled in the online program..I'm having trouble with nutrition, cardiorespiratory training and the arithmetic..
Agyei Randolph Can you be a little more specific and I might be able to help you out.
Nice presentation, I know what I'm doing at the gym but I might get the book bcz I have always thought what does a pt know that I don't?! but ah I am 58 and look 35 and I know its from vitamin c lol and my male supplements😂😂😂😂and a slightly alkaline body ph is critical, leafy greens, grasses