Why This Bridge Is Suddenly Everywhere - Cheddar Explains
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 26 ต.ค. 2020
- All across America old bridges are being replaced. In the place of deteriorating truss and suspension bridges architects are choosing the aesthetically pleasing cable-stay bridges. But this modern design actually dates back to the 16th-century. Cheddar explains why cable-stay bridges took so long to catch on and why they are the new go-to bridge for engineers.
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Even today, the military does a "relaxed march" over bridges to avoid vibrations that may damage the bridge.
Oh are they marching over a lot of bridges today?
@@paulbruneau7379
Paul, I suspect they march over a lot of bridges during basic training.
Monica Perez that many soldiers can’t take down a bridge
@@paulbruneau7379 Is that a statement or is that a challenge?
El Tercero we are talking about the synchronized marching of thousands of people causing bridges to fail which has definitely happened but I was saying that in modern times they don’t transport tens of thousands of troops by walking so the issue is no longer relevant
Broken bridges really annoy me.
I just can’t get over them.
Hey bro i watch your videos. Glad to see you here
god i love yoy
You're a genius
get out
I see said the blind man as he picked up his hammer and saw.
The Brooklyn Bridge is actually a hybrid suspension/cable stayed bridge as it has both vertical suspension cables AND diagonal stay cables.
Most beautiful bridge I have seen.
My understanding is that the diagonal stay cables don't really do anything. They're there because, to be on the safe side, Roebling overdesigned the bridge with them, with the bridge being really a suspension bridge. Aesthetically however, they look really nice.
(The main structural problem with the Brooklyn Bridge is that, while the Brooklyn tower is resting on bedrock, the Manhattan tower is only resting on soil/silt...in an area with geological fault lines.)
Probably one of the best pieces of infrastructure in US ever.
@@bradc002 I can't find the support documentation right off, however if I remember correctly, the diagonals are primarily wind stabilizer elements to prevent a "galloping" structural failure along the lines of the Tacoma Narrows Bridge in the 1940's, by breaking up wind harmonics and overstressing the suspension members.
The earlier suspension bridge in Cincinnati was the first hybrid suspension/cable stayed bridge in the world.
Me in 2003: This Zakim Bridge in Boston is cool and different. Me in 2020: these are everywhere now. Thanks for the explanation why.
New York:
Boston: why are you gay?
Hahaha same
Same! I love the Zakim bridge. They have one of these bridges in Leominster and i always call it the Little Z.
@@draxgoodall3685 Fitchburg. But cool that you know about it, lol...
The Zakim is still amazing. Such an iconic part of the Boston skyline now.
You showed the Brooklyn bridge multiple times when talking about suspension bridges, but made no mention that it’s actually a hybrid suspension / cablestay bridge. Because of other bridge collapses it was way over engineered with redundant support systems as a precaution.
Oh wow, at 4:57 you can see both the suspension cables (vertical) and the cable-stay cables (stay cables?), which are coming out at angles from the tower
I prefer over engineering to just right engineering because it seems there are always factors or rare but possible extremes no one considered.
Remember that engineering guidelines are written with blood
@@friendlyone2706 just right engineering is still over engineered. Most municipalities require engineers to design structural elements including bridges to be able to withstand 3x (don’t quote me on that exact figure) the expected loads.
@@friendlyone2706 Most designs are over engineered. At least by half, often by 2-3 times
Brooklyn Bridge was built in 1883 and overengineered by a factor of 6. Proved handy once cars became common.
The bridge on the thumbnail is in Lisbon, Portugal. It's called "Ponte Vasco da Gama"
Its the longest bridge in the European Union!
I can't believe they didn't even show it again, it was my reason for clicking the video
Yeah I know, but a lot of people confuse it with the second Severn bridge because they look similar to them
cheia bem, cheia a Portugal 🇵🇹
And here I thought it was a screenshot from Cities: Skylines...
I really like those old, steel truss bridges. They've got a certain nostalgia to them that harkens back to the era of steam locomotives
They're still constructed for short spans even today as they are extremely cheap and stronger than most designs
@@amateurapple Yea you still see them alot for railway usage
Steel truss bridges are efficient in their use of materials but they have a downside. Typically trusses are not redundant - if you lose a single truss member than the bridge turns into a mechanism and collapses catastrophically. In contrast, a bridge that carries weight through bending typically has a slower failure mode.
@@M1911jln that makes sense, given that the members are all load bearing and rigid. How do the construction costs and maintenance schedules compare? I'm not a civil engineer so my experience here is limited
There tried and true . I love them
3:56 - South Korea knows RGB makes everything go faster.
Lmaoooo 😂
Usa needs to learn
I was about to comment gamer bridge
Nice
Actually the name of the bridge is translated to Gaming Harbor Bridge.
True fact, since the Saale bridge disaster, Germany has a traffic law that forbids marching lockstep on bridges.
All countries do after that accident
Vibrational resonance brought down the walls of Jericho
Every military does that now.
Me and the boys visiting germany marching in lockstep
We’ve got one down here at the mouth of Tampa Bay called the Sunshine Skyway Bridge that opened in 1987. It was the first of its kind to include “Dolphin Islands” to prevent ships ramming into the towers and bridge piers which caused the collapse of the original Sunshine Skyway Bridge in 1980.
is that the bridge that is still partially up and used as a fishing pier? if so i went fishing on that bridge when i went to florida many years ago...florida seems much more modern and cleaner than NJ. lol
@@piffdaddy420 yes it is!
@@piffdaddy420 it sure is.
yessir
The Sunshine Skyway Bridge is the first thing I thought of when I started watching this video. I'm surprised they didn't use footage of it in the story, it's a beautiful example of a cable-stayed bridge.
The slideshow of cable stay bridges has two at 3:41 & 3:46 which are suspension bridges.
They add in a third at 7:36 but still saying that there are three cable stay bridges in the US that look similar is really not everywhere. It is not like a single design firm created a dynamic design that allowed it to be easily sized to an environment and then licensed the design to places all over the world for cheap because the first time it was built the design team got paid for it ect. That would be a case where the title of this video would have made sense. Chedar doesn't need to use click bait titles, I want to hear about how design and building failures of the past effect the choices made today by modern bridge designers and engineers and how that effects the the skylines of major cities.
Yes, Tsing Ma Bridge at 3:46 is a suspension bridge. Kap Shui Mun Bridge and Ting Kui Bridge, which just locate next to Tsing Ma Bridge are cable-stay bridges. You can see Kap Shui Mun Bridge behind Tsing Ma Bridge at 3:48. Ting Kui Bridge is a three tower cable-stay bridge.
I travel to work everyday via these three bridges. The views when traveling through are very beautiful.
Also 4:09 - the new Oakland Bay bridge section
@@NoamAzerad I was just about to comment that is is a self anchoring cable stay bridge. A hybrid of suspension and cable stay. Beautiful bridge, just not a pure cable stay. I'm a bridge engineer and I'm familiar with the project, not to say it's fairly obvious from the look
Actually the bridge showed on the cover of this video is "Ponte Vasco da Gama" in Lisbon.
Canada's most important - and probably least well known bridge - is a modern cable stay! The Nipigon River Bridge in northern Ontario; it's the narrowest east-west transportation bottleneck in the whole country. Literally anything driving from anywhere in Eastern Canada to anywhere in Western Canada WILL cross this bridge.
Fun fact - Nipigon gets so cold in the winter (something the architects didn't consider properly) that the bridge actually buckled in 2016 while under construction - so all road traffic had to be rerouted through Minnesota, Wisconsin, AND Michigan - adding some 2,800kms to peoples trips.
We really should add an alternative route, a single point of failure seems like poor planning
@@SimplyStuart94 But see.. There's already like 200kms of trees before, and after the bridge.. so an 'alternate route' would be even more remote! xD
P.S. Thanks for the sub! We're doing a video on the Nipigon bridge very soon!
In some places tunnels may be a better option, even though they cost more to build.
Another important cable-stayed bridge recently completed is the most northerly bridge in Canada, and the only large bridge in the North West Territories, the impressive Deh Cho Bridge which crosses the MacKenzie River, finally making year-round road access to Yellowknife and points North a reality (previously, the crossing was accomplished with a combination of ferry service in the summer, and an ice road in the winter, resulting in several weeks at least in the spring and fall, where no service was possible). The Deh Cho bridge is an engineering marvel, because of the extremes of weather and vast quantities of river ice the bridge’s design must account for.
@@canadaehxplained77 Just subscribed! Can’t wait to view the video and learn more!
Thumbnail: a bridge in Lisbon
Video: proceeds to talk about the US
Exactly! I was about to write a comment about it.
I’m pretty sure that’s the new bridge that replaced the tappan zee
@@Kevin-cr4xv Hey Kevin, go check some pictures. They're quite different. This one is the one in Lisbon.
@@Kevin-cr4xv im portuguese, i live near the bridge its vasco da gama bridge
Its bridge vasco da gama in portugal. It is open to the public since march 1997 just before Expo98 in lisbon
0:35 Even if the bridge's name is the Gov Mario M Cuomo Bridge, I'm still gonna call it the Tappan Zee. It's the better name
Back in middle school I actually did a science fair project about different types of bridges against earthquakes caused by the San Andreas and Hayward faults. To no surprise, cable-stay was the strongest.
@The Godfather He's running the state well though
@@VeeTHis not by a country mile 😂
It will always be the Tappan Zee to me too. far too ingrained in my brain now
I live in NJ and still say the Tappan Zee
Same thing with the Sears Tower, I don't care who owns it it will always be the Sears lol
You mean: Europe wasn't decades behind, but needed much more renewed infrastructure because of all the wars that happened?
The war isn't an excuse, Japan had fully recovered to their prewar levels by 51 (46 they were at around 25 percent of prewar capacity), and were fully into industrial powerhouse mode by 60. That's just industrial capacity, their infrastructure was close to nonexistent at the end of the war, and horribly underdeveloped even before it.
@@joseph1150 eventho they were hit with nukes, they didnt really fight the war on their soil for very long.
@@piffdaddy420 they did face very severe damage due to american air raids
@@piffdaddy420 lol remember when Tokyo was firebombed to the point where the rivers in Tokyo flowed like lava? Half the city the size of New York was destroyed. 66 additional cities were firebombed, many of which were blown beyond recognition. Also, Atomic bombs were used not on population centers, but industrial centers, each city contributed mightily to the war effort and infrastructure development. So after all these cities were destroyed, there was nothing left. Railroads, highways and landing strips were all destroyed. Yet we like to focus on America helping Europe’s rebuild, the same effort was given to Japan’s post-war recovery.
Do your research before commenting.
@@piffdaddy420 They didn't fight on the mainland at all. But every city above a small town was firebombed. Their industry was decentralized and mixed up in residential areas, and in people's homes even. And those homes were almost universally were made out of wood and paper. Tokyo firebombing was arguably more destructive than either nuke, 100k dead that night, and 1 million homeless. 1 raid knocked the entire Tokyo industrial production in half. 73 percent of Japanese industry was effectively gone at the end of the war, and they had lost their over seas resources to feed those industries (Korea and Manchurian possessions acquired before the war).
The Queensferry Crossing near Edinburgh has one of these too. The old Forth Road bridge is a suspension bridge (it’s not really used anymore due to it being unsafe) and the original Forth bridge is a Cantilever bridge. It’s interesting to see the different designs all co-existing in one place.
It's still used by buses, taxis, and pedestrians
It's also a good example of how span length is affected by the bridge form. For a similar size crossing, the Queensferry crossing requires three towers which dwarf the towers on the Forth Road Bridge. The Forth Road Bridge only has two towers and the suspension style bridge can cover a similar sized gap to the two main spans of the Queensferry Crossing.
Obviously the advantage comes to maintenance, it's much easier to change out a few weakened cable stays than it is to replace an entire suspension cable.
@@lawrencesmeaton6930 True. On the other hand, when a suspension cable starts to deteriorate, the bridge is effectively dead - it can't be replaced. With cable stay, an individual cable can be replaced without compromising the structure. I wonder if this was why The Queensferry Crossing is cable stay - given the experience of the Forth Road Bridge?
Interesting stuff but beyond saying they are cost efficient for mid-length bridges they didn't explain why they are everywhere. Why are they not cost effective for short, or really long bridges? Are they harder than suspension bridges to string end to end? Why are they more cost effective for mid length bridges?
Thank you! I was thinking the exact same thing, they took 8 minutes to say “cable stayed bridges weren’t reliable in the past but now they are, and they’re cheaper than suspension bridges so a lot are being built now” but didn’t explain at all *WHY* they are cheaper, or *WHY* they have shorter maximum span.
I guess cable-stay is too costly for short because of the need of towers and not suitable for longer because the bridge span is going to be too compressed (instead of just suspended on cables like in suspension bridges)
Good point. Also, they said this where popular in Europe and Asian because they built there bridges after the Americans and that is not true. Maybe that can apply to countries devastated in WWII but doesn't explain why in other countries that made a lot of bridges at the same time as the USA have more of these bridges...
@@thestudentofficial5483 there are plenty of short cable stays, but those are also less wide. So they’re mostly just small.
For long spans the issue is height. The tower height is directly related to span, as the span grows, the height of the tower grows at a much quicker rate than a suspension bridge tower would. You hit a point where they get so tall, so large, so much work needed for the foundations, and comically long cables; that suspension bridges become way more economical.
I love bridges.
I don't want to lose _any_ styles of bridges.
They're all beautiful in their own ways.
Well said
Are you the guy from mighty med
@@nicholasgaming6006
Who or what is "mighty med", and are you asking me or Nick Razo?
Like they said, every style is appropriate for some purpose. That's where they look best. 🙂
I wondered this when I moved to Asia and then to Europe.
Looks like the entire world loves this design. Asia is literally LITTERED with this design in all kinds of colors at night when they are aglow.
The Sunshine Skyway Bridge (Opened 1987) over the entrance to Tampa Bay in Florida is a magnificent structure in its geometry & simplicity. Takes my breath away every time I drive over it.
The current bridge replaced an older bridge that was struck by a big ship.
@@xtremegamer2218 The Venture Summit struck the south pier of the southbound side in 1980 just after it lost all electrical power during a storm. Sadly, there was nothing the ships captain could do other than watch it drift into the bridge.
It's the Tappan Zee bridge, no matter what our governor wants to say.
Little Andy can give himself a gold star, but he's never going to change our minds.
Tappan Zee is a shit name, sounds like a name for a bridge in South Africa
@@coastaku1954 Well, it was New Amsterdam long before it was New York.
Which side of the Hudson do you live on?
@@jimurrata6785 Well, uh, I live on the other side of Lake Ontario, I'm from Toronto
@@coastaku1954 Lovely City!
The people that I know from there seem very genuine. 👍
@@jimurrata6785 It is, I love it here in Toronto and I love NYC, since I'm a big fan of big cities and public transportation
Europe wasn’t behind, it was modernising the infrastructure that was a hundred years old
evan with American money.
@@user-ky6vw5up9m I think you meant the Marshall plan. And it did speed up recovery but only by a few years. Europe also would've recovered without it.
@@user-ky6vw5up9m could have been money from moon people, my point still stands
@@MegaPrck No it doesn't. New infrastructure and bridges was almost always new roads and railways.
This is why Europe has many historic stone bridges still in operation.
@@RobBCactive No, many were replaced as well. The reason so many remain is because there were even more in the past.
3:48 "Architects of these nations chose cable-stayed bridges" - shows pictures of Tsing Ma *suspension* bridge...
The lower mainland in B.C Canada has tons of cable stayed bridges as well.
Bridges in every major city in Europe:
∙ one modern cable-stay (most likely on the ring road highway) that people just drive on not even thinking about it
∙ one tied arch bridge that people hang locks on as a symbol of love
∙ one or two old arch bridges near the old town that tourists love
∙ one weird one that nobody even know how to classify
∙ a few boring ones that just exist and nobody thinks about
∙ one or two truss railway bridges that are so rusty that this is a miracle they're still standing
∙ (*if costal) one very old drawbridge that you have to wait ages to drive through
also London has the tower bridge
@@Dekeullan goes into the 4th category
In Spain we have the Calatrava's bridge too. Very expensive, full of problems and delays, big chance of being dangerous.
@@mewosh_ it really is a fucking mess
J. Gonzalez if it is taking less time than Sagrada Familia is not that badly delayed.
A few years ago there was a massive construction project between Minnesota and Wisconsin building a cable stayed bridge, on the edge of the Twin Cities area. It replaced a 90-year-old obsolete lift bridge that caused massive traffic back ups, and involved the building new highways and interchanges on both sides of the bridge. If I remember correctly, the whole project took 5 years and $600 million, but the result was absolutely fantastic.
I've been over that bridge a couple times, it's really cool.
Yes, the St-Croix River. Not quite a cable-stayed bridge, but an extradose (concrete) bridge.
Source: I know the people who design it.
One huge correction! Author of the Machinae Novae wasn't "Venetian"!
That inventor is ethnic Croat spelled Faust Vrančić! Even his latinised name suggests that he's of the Slavic (Croats are Slavic nation at the Adriatic) origin, not Venetian (Italian)!
I'm sure that you've found this completely wrong information in some of the Anglo-Saxon encyclopedia but this is wrong information.
He was born in nowadays Croatian town of Šibenik that was part of the Republic of Venice back in 16th century but that doesn't mean he's Venetian!
Both statements are correct, for the same reason that János Hunyadi can be described as both Romanian and Hungarian, or Copernicus can be described as both Polish and Prussian. Ethnic and political identities are more than a single demonym.
It's a pitty you didn't show any of the cable stayed bridges of São Paulo. Our X-shaped bridge is a masterpiece.
Yes I agree
Where In sp is it?
@@Acteaon Brooklin, in the South Zone, above the Pinheiros river.
"These bridges are expected to last around 50 years" - I know it's not totally relevant but there are hundreds of bridges in my tiny European country that were built before America was discovered... (not totally relevant because mostly they have only very limited car traffic)
Obligatory pedantry: before it was discovered _by western Europeans_
But yes, your point is entirely valid :)
Faust Vrancic was also a Croat, I went to a hight school named after him!
We live in Coeur d’Alene, ID and right next to us, the city of Spokane, WA just installed a gorgeous new pedestrian and bike bridge right by Gonzaga University that’s you guessed it ..an arched cable-stay bridge with LED lighting.
The Tappan Zee bridge in NYC is like this now. (No I won’t call it Cuomo)
The original bridge was better and pound for pound with the amount of neglect and abuses it went through the original truss bridge was rebuildable but the chicoms in office decided on selling a contract to a buddy who was a bridge builder instead . Fuck govern meatball
@@oddjobz9858 Um no? The current bridge is much better than the old one here are some issues with the old bridge the new one fixed:
1. Cantilever bridges are fracture critical, that means if one part fails everything else will fail. Remember the I35W bridge collapse in Minneapolis? That was a cantilever bridge and it failed due to one gusset plate failing. The new bridge is a cable stayed bridge and thus is not fracture critical.
2. The old bridge was not designed for the location it was put in, it was supposed to go further down the river but the governor of NY at the time didn't want to share toll revenue with the Port Authority so they moved it further up the river and adapted the design for the new location. The new bridge was designed to go in its spot from day one.
3. The old bridge was built during the Korean War and used cheap steel that wouldn't last long. The new bridge is designed to last a minimum of 100 years
4. The old bridge was dangerous for motorists, it didn't have hard shoulders so if a car broke down on the bridge it had to park in a lane which is extremely dangerous. The old bridge also didn't support pedestrians. The new bridge had shoulders and a pedestrian walkway.
first of all, its not in NYC, second of all, I totally agree with you. Forever Tappan Zee!
The old bridge was an icon, its really sad to see it go. Wish they would have called it the new tappanzee though. Nothing against cuomo specifically.
@@nicholasawesomepants4293 The old one may have been an icon but as a frequent traveler I'm glad it's gone and a new Tappan Zee bridge is in place. It was a long time coming. Though frankly, abandoning those damn booths for toll collection is probably the biggest contributor to the relief.
**weeps in Cantilever**
The zakim bridge was so cool to look at I've grown up with it and I love they colors that the put on during a celtics or red sox game.
The Penobscot Narrows Bridge, Maine USA opened 2006 the construction plaque says this cable stayed bridge is new style of bridge, simple, scalable and cheap to build and it's beautiful. Visiting from Australia I was fortunate enough to be there the day after it opened and drove across it four times and visited the observatory absolutely fabulous.
7:14 Uh, did you reverse the footage or did everyone decide to drive backwards on this day?
National Backward Day! (31 January)
@@jeff__w 😂😂😂😂
It's from Chris Nolan's movie, Tenet 😂
They probably just wanted the shot to be zooming out instead of in
@@michaelvogels9905 That's not a bad guess.
Next Cheddar Explains: Why we don't take the time needed for correct pronunciation of (place)names
English sucks. It's one of the least phonetic languages. I think we should each pick one or two words to spell in a way that makes more sense, so we can at least improve it over time.
@@DarxusC That TOO has been thought of for English's problems. But the idea never gains any traction (unfortunately; so happy I was born into the language .... )
Yes, it's been tried, but a bunch of the changed words have stuck. No reason not to keep trying.
Great video, friend! There are times when nothing better illuminates your path than a burning bridge. Enjoy your travels and good mood!
There are some beautiful ones, for sure. A personal modern favorite is the new Queensferry Crossing over the Forth in Scotland, a three-tower cable-stayed bridge, 1.7 miles long. Next to it is the 1965 Forth Road Bridge, a twin tower suspension bridge of a similar size, and just downstream of that is the very impressive 1890 Forth Bridge, a large steel cantilever rail bridge. These three demonstrate well the development of bridge design over the last 130 years.
I was wondering when the US would finally realize that cable-stay is the way to go
I love your dictatorship!
7:40 *Tappan Zee bridge
Been over the Varina-Enon quite a few times since it opened in 1990. Always gets my attention, never intuitively understand the support it gives like you would looking at say, a suspension bridge but obviously does the job. Just an interesting looking bridge.
Winnipeg Manitoba has only one cable stayed bridge. It’s called the Esplanade Riel. It contains a small restaurant in the middle of it’s south side.
Me: *looks outside*
Bridge: sup
Dischinger is said as Dischinger, with the -inger rhyming with singer.
Saale is said as Zahla. It rhymes with Carla but without the r.
Dude, you have no idea what you are talking about. It's Saale not Saala, so the pronunciation in the video was better than your suggestion.
And with Dischinger, yeah that was awful to hear but the major problem here was the "sch" not "inger"! The correct pronunciation of "sch" would be like "sh" in the word "sharp" for example and not like "discharge".
@@danielgotz4032 thanks I was looking for this
The only hope I have for old bridge maintenance is that golden gate and Brooklyn are never replaced. At the very least, I’d want them to be replaced by an alternative bridge built hundreds of feet away from the original one (for Brooklyn), or an undersea tunnel built below and beside the old bridge (golden gate), and for the original bridges to remain pedestrian only, and then if that’s not safe enough, then closed to access but maintained just as an icon.
The height we can build the towers on both ends determines the max span. With suspension design, the required tower height is usually lower than cable stayed bridge design.
Nice explanation
NB That's Dryburgh like Edinburgh, pronounced burra, not "dry berg".
the way he pronounced Dischinger was also killing me.
WHAT
How are we supposed to know
more like "bruh", not "burra"
At the end of the day who gives a shit
@@karaiwonder How do you pronounce Edinburgh?
You showed the Quebec's bridge being the largest Canteliver bridge made by the same engineer who did the Queensferry one in Scotland. Now, if you see the new Champlain bridge in Montreal, this is massive cable-stay one with three beds including the middle one for suburban train lines. It is so impressive and goes extends over 13 km where the St-Lawrence is very wide.
Don't know where you got your numbers but the new Champlain bridge length is 3.4 km and only the small part over the seaway is a cable stayed span.
I drive across the Varina-Enon bridge a few times per week heading to Hopewell, VA from Richmond, VA. I absolutely hate being up there lol it feels a lot higher when on it than it does from the aerial view. Also, they’ve done maintenance on it over the past 2 years and the stay cables are now blue instead of that faded yellow color
Well, that was ... quite uninformative actually. Stretched out video with minimal content
4:56 Brooklyn bridge is hybrid cable stay and suspension!
@@omi_god Of course it's good, it's copied from European design. Literally everything from EU looks like genius to muricans :]
@@KuK137 if y'all such geniuses why couldn't you figure out how to beat Hitler without our help lol
@@antolak1590 maybe because they were geniuses too? Genius vs. Genius means no one has an edge. Also, that was 80 years ago. If you killed someone 80 years ago, would you really still be put in jail? Doing something 80 years ago doesn’t mean anything about you now.
Truss cantilever bridges look really cool, I wish people would build them again.
1st time I saw a cable stay bridge was surprisingly in Lagos,Nigeria. It wasn’t very big but I liked the look of it. then back in NYC they did the same for the Tapper zee bridge then the revamped polish bridge between queens and Brooklyn and now the Goethals from Elizabeth to states island.
One potential advantage of a cable stayed bridge is that it can be designed with one tower, and it does not have to be symmetrical, unlike a conventional suspension bridge. One early cable stayed bridge, the Severinbrücke in Cologne, Germany (1959), has only one tower, and it isn't in the middle, which leaves more of the Rhine River open for the frequent shipping traffic.
structurae.net/en/structures/severin-bridge
Building two towers and their foundations is a major part of the cost of a suspension bridge, as well as a cable stayed span. Consequently, building a bridge with one tower instead of two saves a lot of money. However, cable-stayed bridge towers are under a lot of bending moment compared to conventional suspension bridges, where most of the load is transferred by the cables to the anchorages. Look at the enormous central anchorage on the west side of the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge, which is really two separate suspension bridges connected by a roadway.
The Zakim Bridge in Boston is asymmetrical in width, elevation and I think length as well, connecting with an elevated highway on one end and a tunnel on the other.
The Severinbrücke isn't very famous because it isn't very long. However, designing an assymetrical structure like this is more complicated than a symmetrical one. This is one reason why most bridges are as symmetrical as possible.
@@markjames8664 The St. Croix Crossing near Stillwater, MN is built on a 1.74% grade because the St. Croix River bluffs are higher on one side than the other. I was involved in that project early in my career.
For the Dischinger pronounciation:
German „sch“ = English „sh“
Love the Video though.
And while we're at it: Umlauts in both German and Swedish are pronounced
*ä* = English *a* like in “sand”, not like German ‘a’
*ö* = English *i* or *u* like in “bird”/“burp”, not like German or English *o*
German *ü* = Swedish *u* - has no real English equivalent, but is closer to *y* than to *u*
The designer of the Brooklyn Bridge in the 19th Century, a suspension bridge, was the German transplant, Roebling. Whereas an "oe" umlauts the "o", in English the umlaut pronunciation has been lost. It's pronounced with an English "long o".
@@leftaroundabout The ä is not prounounced in short vowel such as sand. It's pronounce in long vowel like cane. That is why ä tends to be printed as "ae" in English when noting any German word with an umalut over an "a".
Ex. The city of Schwäbisch Gmünd. Spelled in English is Schwaebisch Gmuend. Actual pronounciation is Shvwaybish Gmoond (with emphasis on a hard "d" at the end). The "U" in Gmünd is quickly said.
Ö pronounciation is correct in that its "oer" or "urr" sound. However Ü pronounciation is a long vowel U but a hard "oo".
@@BagoPorkRinds no - the a in “cane” is not an ä-sound, it's a diphtong that doesn't really exist in German (nor in Swedish AFAIK). If anything, that word would be written “käyn” in German.
You're right that the official ASCII approximation of ä/ö/ü is ae/oe/ue, but this does not reflect the pronunciation. It comes from the æ and œ ligatures, and is not to be understood as diphtongs but as “the sound lies between an a and an e”.
As for the pronunciation of Schwäbisch Gmünd, “Shveebish Gemynnt” would be a better approximation than what you wrote.
@@leftaroundabout Thats not how I was taught when I was in Germany. I lived in Schwäbia for a few years. One of my teachers was from the region and can speak one dialect version of Schwäbisch. Also he had a European accent, not a German one so he spoke English very well. How the city is pronounced is exactly how I spelled it out.
I learned something new and interesting about bridges. I love it when that happens. I try for that everyday and so far, so good. I never knew about the military and having a special march when crossing bridges. Thanks to the commenters for that tidbit of info. Have a great day and stay well.
Please see the Skyway Bridge in Clearwater, FL. It has been a cable-stay bridge in the US since 1981.
We would also like to remind bridge owners of an anecdote. John Roebling was the design engineer of the Brooklyn Bridge.
After the bridge had survived several natural events much more successfully than some others, he was asked why. His response was that, since he did not know what he did not know, he designed the bridge to withstand *six times* his best estimate of the combined static and dynamic loads it might ever have to withstand.
We tend, nowadays, to build things cheap.
Tall buildings and big bridges should be the two major exceptions to that habit; each should really be designed to last a century.
In my humble opinion.
That massive factor of safety was required due to the limitations of structural analysis at the time (extremely limited computational power). Now we have a much more complete understanding of the forces on bridges and so we can reduce the factor of safety. Overbuilding structures to that level would not be financially possible. Infrastructure budgets are already insufficient.
@@enterpriset yep, and Things fall down. We're fixing that in the wrong direction. The proper fix is to find the money to build them correctly. I like taxing super rich people myself.
@@baylinkdashyt Things fell down then too though. The factor of safety served a purpose that no longer exists. I don't think the costs of overbuilding to that degree are easily understood, but the magnitudes are huge.
The reasons for failure are complex.
7:11 Errybody going in reverse!
I can't unsee this
It’s that old Seinfeld joke, “One day traffic will be so bad, you’ll be going backwards.”
That's how we drive I Boston
Take it back now y’all
@@arribalaschivas91 What do you mean?
i live near the cable stay Clark Bridge in Alton/St. Louis, it was built in 1994. I've always liked that they painted it yellow, it makes it stand out a bit.
Up here in Maine we have one of these, and it has an observatory in one of the towers, a real nice place!
Sadly the old 1931 suspension bridge it replaced got torn down, a very sad event
I can see one from my window in Korea.
My home is located at a walking distance from a gorgeous one here in Sao Paulo, Brazil.
I still prefer the aesthetic of the suspension bridge. To my taste, the most beautiful bridge in the world is the Golden Gate bridge, but I like other suspension bridges too.
Several cable-stay bridges were built in and around Bluff Dale, Texas, USA in the late 1880s and early 1890s. They are such an anomaly for their time and place that they are often mistakenly referred to as 'suspension' bridges. One of these small iron cable-stay bridges is now celebrating its 130th birthday and visitors can still walk across it.
The Forsyth bridge 0:05 was taken down because it was not safe for the amount of traffic going across it. It was also around 50 years old. By the way it was in Forysth MO, not MS.
The deck of a cable-stayed bridge is “suspended” using the cables.
The deck of a suspension bridge is “stayed” in place using the cables.
I think you got that backwards.
Too bad that this video didn't EXPLAIN the reason for this type of bridge.
so what is the architecture tech behind it?
Primarily not having to build giant anchorages for the cables, which enables more spans. For example, a basic suspension bridge has two towers and three spans. The western section of the Bay Bridge near San Francisco is essentially two suspension bridges connected by a shared anchorage (built at high cost on water) and bookended by two at the ends; 4 towers, six spans. A cable stayed bridge in the same location would only require five spans.
They're also better suited for railway traffic. The Great Belt bridge in Denmark does not carry trains, thus requiring the construction of a parallel set of tunnels, whilst the Øresund bridge, built around the same time, does.
They're cheaper to maintain, you can replace the cables as the age one at a time with out decommissioning the bridge.. When the main cables on suspension bridges are much more difficult and costly to repair as they age.
@@ahqhue The reason Oeresund bridge uses cable-stayed was because they didn't need the span since they already had a tunnel built. The GBB was too long and in an extremely windy area to carry railway, and being the second longest span at the time, it wasn't possible for it to support trains. But I do want to point out that the Tsing Ma bridge in HK does carry high speed rail and a lower freeway, with a main span of 1.4 km, and in a typhoon prone location. It's mainly the affordability and not the flexibility that is an issue, as Cable-Stayed bridges can be almost 3x cheaper at worst and are better for spans below 1km
i live in melbourne and we have the same style of West Gate Bridge. Went to Vancouver in sep 2019 and passed the big Port Mann Bridge which is cable . The HKZM bridge is also cable . lots of bridges in China are also made with cable design
check out the bridge of oich in scotland, classic example and interesting use. Designed to stay standing even if it snapped in the middle due to floods destroying the previous bridge.
As an engineering student just finishing up writing some notes on suspension bridge design I found this a bit interesting
Here is something for you then I guess if you need to run a train over a long span suspension bridges suck as they deform and make the train try to run over a bump all the way across
@@Mira_linn That's why rail suspension bridges use trusses to keep deck stiffness and then the truss assembly is suspended from the cables.
@@Mira_linn that's confirming to the curve of the earth. Every bridge has a hump, just some are less noticeable.
@@blue9multimediagroup as a surveyor i can tell you that our instuments do calculate with earth curvature and geoid models
@@Mira_linn ok
But *why* isn't cable stay cost effective below 800ft or above 3000ft? I learned very little from this video.
Man, if only there was a website somewhere that let you search specific terms and turned up hundreds or thousands of links to useful information in under a second.....
But you're right, the lazy folks at Cheddar really should have shoved all the relevant information in an 8 minute video. Lazy Cheddar producers....
Using logic u would say: below 800ft the bridge tower would cost more thsn the birsge itself
Above 3000ft: too many towers
@@goldbeni "Above 3000ft: too many towers"
But wasn't that the limit for the *span*? Adding more towers would shorten the span (for a given bridge length).
Cable-stay bridges look interesting, but there is something magical about a suspension bridge. In particular, the Verrazzano Narrows is often overlooked though its length and clean lines make it one of the most beautiful in the world. I grew up within sight of it, first in Brooklyn and then in Staten Island, where I saw it rising above the treeline and soaring into the sky.
Little fun fact: In Germany it is forbidden by law(!)(German Rode Code, the Straßenverkehrsordnung §27 Abs.6) to cross a bridge in a synchronized march. If - for instance - a military parade or unit wishes to cross a bridge and they were in a synchronized march, they need to de-sync their steps.
Is it just me or is Cheddar videos are quieter than other channels?
Yeah they are more quieter compared to other educational channels bec. they tend to stretch out the entire video to 7-10 mins. long for monetization which is annoying, even though they can explain it throughly for less than 5 mins.
A video about American bridges
*uses a bridge in Portugal in the thumbnail
Where does it say American bridges?
They showed the pulaski highway in NJ. Openned 1932. 1.5 miles of elevated highway. Has various on/off ramps from between the north and south bound lanes... pretty unique.
The catenary bridge has rectangular spaces between the vertical cables and thus can change shape permitting the deck to oscillate at different modes from the first harmonic to the higher ones as in the Tacoma bridge.
For long spans I would guess the catenary bridge where close to the towers the cable stayed triangles would be added to useful in eradicating the modes of oscillation that the Tacoma bridge had supported.
Copy and paste works well with engineering too.
If something works, don't fix it.
If it ain't broke, don't fix it.
Works well with almost anything actually
Ponte Vasco da Gama! 😀 Thank you for choosing that one for your cover photo. PORTUGAL CRL!
Is no one gonna talk about how 3:56 reminds me of the Rainbow Road?
You didn't mention the stayed cable bridge in Sao Paulo, Brazil, that's unique because it's a composite of two curved tracks that cross under the tower. It's not particularly large but still has a bold design!
Good design until the cable stays smash the windows of cars driving over the bridge from the falling ice as was the case in Metro Vancouver. 41 insurance claims in 1 day last winter from 2 bridges.
How do you stop that from happening?
@@joefox9875 wrap electric heating cable around them
@@joefox9875 don't have the cables pass over the roadway
Oops
@@fryncyaryorvjink2140 They're not in Vancouver's case. They're beside the roadway. Search for image of Alex Fraser and or Golden Ears Bridge. The snow and ice breaks off the cables when it becomes too heavy or the wind blows it off. It smashes onto the cables below sending it sideways onto the vehicles on roadway below.
Cable stayed bridges look fine but the interviewees lost me when they suggested they look better than suspension bridges. GTFO
It's almost like different people might have different opinions 🤔
To me it depends on the surroundings. Cable stayed bridges certainly look modern but I love the classic design on many suspension bridges.
I just watched this again and it sounds like they had truss bridges on their mind when they were saying cable stayed bridges look better. I actually agree with that. Bridges with truss structure above the deck can look pretty messy.
One disadvantage with cable stay bridges is that they have is that they are more prone to accumulate ice and can cause bridge closures due to falling ice. It seems to happen more often on these bridges compared to suspension bridges and truss bridges.
This hits oddly close to home. My home town tore down their truss bridge and replaced it with a cable stayed in the mid 90s.
Its pronounced “machine nove” not “machinae novae”
Sorry but as an Italian I must protect Latin.
Yeah i cringed when he said it, its clearly a bad pronunciation even if you dont know latin.
Isn't that just the classical pronunciation, whereas yours is the ecclesiastical pronunciation?
Understandable!
@@cleokatra I'd have to re-watch/listen to it again, but this video was a good summary about the two main types: th-cam.com/video/x6Fg3RcYKJI/w-d-xo.html
@@extrastuff9463 I'm well versed in the two pronunciations of Latin as I've studied it for 16+ years now as well as having been studying the Italic branch in general... This video though is a great resource and I appreciate your posting of it
I have a bridge outside my house, I use it to get over a river.
Four of the longest Cable Stayed bridges in Canada are located in my home city of Vancouver, 3 of them held world/continental records when they were first built
Every time I watch a USA video on engineering etc. I have to do calculations to work out what they are talking about. It's all feet cups and football fields with you guys.
You see Cheddar, you're not dealing with the average bridge anymore...
Architects ?!?! Engineers design bridges, not architects.
Architects too:
www.researchgate.net/publication/301340540_THE_CONTRIBUTION_OF_THE_ARCHITECTS_TO_THE_BRIDGE_AESTHETICS
They do
Idiot. Architects play a big part in engineering innovations.
A good architect is also an engineer. But you will also have artist who will sketch something that looks plausible and hire an engineer to check and fill in the details.
Engineers ensure any building or bridge is structurally sound, architects design the aesthetic and layout. There is a slight overlap.
The town I live in has the first vehicular cable stayed bridge in the USA. It is called the John O'Connell Bridge and it was built in the 1970s.
Hey, I drove over the Varina-Enon bridge the first day it opened. I had no idea it was so common.
Cuz cable stayed bridges look cool
Congratulations 🎉👏 of being the top comment 👍😁 (as of now 😈)
Yes 😎 ... Great for insta pics 🤩🤣
Vladivostok is in asia too!!!
I like all types of bridges. Some truss bridges are quite beautiful though costly to maintain. The modern cable stay bridges are simple and attractive. Some of the iconic bridges are suspension bridges. As they say nowadays, It’s all good!
Agreed Russ
I had to look "cable-stay bridges" online. I had no idea my country has one of those and it's the longest in Europe!