Why is glass transparent? - Mark Miodownik

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  • เผยแพร่เมื่อ 10 ก.พ. 2025
  • View full lesson: ed.ted.com/less...
    If you look through your glasses, binoculars or a window, you see the world on the other side. How is it that something so solid can be so invisible? Mark Miodownik melts the scientific secret behind amorphous solids.
    Lesson by Mark Miodownik, animation by Provincia Studio.

ความคิดเห็น • 2.4K

  • @armi999
    @armi999 3 ปีที่แล้ว +913

    I remember asking this to a teacher many years ago but they couldn't answer, glad I finally got an answer.

    • @quinton1630
      @quinton1630 3 ปีที่แล้ว +52

      As a teacher, this video and its information are now in my back pocket for future students who ask :)

    • @shivam7156
      @shivam7156 3 ปีที่แล้ว +7

      We could have Googled

    • @kurtsaidwhat
      @kurtsaidwhat 2 ปีที่แล้ว +5

      @@shivam7156 can’t google in class

    • @cristianvlf4148
      @cristianvlf4148 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      Sameeeeee i can rest now hahahaha

    • @liliu5250
      @liliu5250 ปีที่แล้ว

      Me too

  • @fisharepeopletoo9653
    @fisharepeopletoo9653 5 ปีที่แล้ว +463

    "Featureless and invisible" man i never knew me and glass had so much in common

    • @jeff594
      @jeff594 4 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      I'll bet you were thinking of including your comment as well. I liked it! 👍

    • @campkira
      @campkira 4 ปีที่แล้ว

      glass in not invisible.. it atom are unstable that why you can look throught but we also remake it to be hard enough that you can drop them...

    • @justalittleotaku3994
      @justalittleotaku3994 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Bruh I found my kindred spirit XD

    • @isabelberg3171
      @isabelberg3171 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Deeeeeeeep.

    • @9-9182
      @9-9182 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      except mirror is functional

  • @canberk1667
    @canberk1667 8 ปีที่แล้ว +2658

    Happiness is like a glass. It's there, but you won't know until it's broken.

    • @mannikdhadwal2939
      @mannikdhadwal2939 6 ปีที่แล้ว +120

      *DEEP*

    • @rolandolabid9556
      @rolandolabid9556 5 ปีที่แล้ว +12

      S3P50R Ş6B6N
      *I feel u bro...*

    • @jadeuwu9860
      @jadeuwu9860 5 ปีที่แล้ว +6

      So deep

    • @edwinpj7637
      @edwinpj7637 5 ปีที่แล้ว +12

      This is my today's Whatsapp Status

    • @HHHHHH-kj1dg
      @HHHHHH-kj1dg 5 ปีที่แล้ว +5

      Wowowowowwwww....
      You should write poems.

  • @sapphyrus
    @sapphyrus ปีที่แล้ว +35

    It feels all the more incredible how certain plastics can be transparent, flexible, durable and lightweight at the same time!

  • @devendraraj1339
    @devendraraj1339 ปีที่แล้ว +6

    TED-ED is the only channel through which I get education , being a student , I get confused to study books or help others under the time period. Then, I get upset when people laugh at me for being unknowingly uneducated for surrounding, everyday items I use. Because, I don’t know their significance. Often feeling useless and non-featured, same as mirror, makes me emotional sometimes but I am overcoming with it, with this channel, with a confidence of ‘try to be at pinnacle’. Thank for all of it.

  • @ChaseKelleh
    @ChaseKelleh 9 ปีที่แล้ว +3295

    Best thing i took from this video: Glass protects you from UV light.
    UPDATE: Normal glass only protects you from some of the UV light.

    • @jonbold
      @jonbold 9 ปีที่แล้ว +34

      +Chase K True, but polycarbonate or polyurethane do a better job of it.

    • @gx068
      @gx068 9 ปีที่แล้ว +33

      so make a glass suit

    • @sketchsama
      @sketchsama 9 ปีที่แล้ว

      ( ͡° ͜ʖ ͡°)

    • @DatCrazyOokamii
      @DatCrazyOokamii 9 ปีที่แล้ว +70

      +Chase K Now for a glass-based sun screen lotion...........

    • @derletsplayer9140
      @derletsplayer9140 8 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      Me too :)

  • @tricksock
    @tricksock 11 ปีที่แล้ว +209

    that last sentence really made me think.

    • @YellowCrystalSun
      @YellowCrystalSun 11 ปีที่แล้ว +6

      Just like electricity have merge into the fabric of out life, the next step will be the abundant access of the internet, and computer chips that will be so abundant we will begin to forget that it is still there.

    • @YellowCrystalSun
      @YellowCrystalSun 11 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      ***** I believe we will begin to fight for our right for free WiFi, In taiwan it is free.
      The internet should not be taken advantage of through bills and limitation, either poor or rich, we all need it, it have became an essential part of our everyday life, sooner or later internet will be abundant and free.
      When ideas are abundant and free it is bound for everyone, making it limited for certain people, it will only begin to take our right away.

    • @Wilvin
      @Wilvin 11 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      Jimmy Khann You do realize that to deliver internet access to people there has to be physical lines connected to servers hosted in buildings and much more. Don't forget electricity to power those buildings. Also, someone has to monitor and maintain those lines, servers, and buildings. Someone has to pay for all those cost.
      Also, that "free WiFi" in Taiwan that you're talking about is only in one city, Taipei, and only in government buildings like libraries and hospitals. But here's the best part; the free WiFi is limited to 512 kbps. Good luck watching a youtube video at that speed. Last time I checked, you can get free internet at all public schools and libraries in the U.S. and at much faster speeds. Soooo yeah, go get a clue, man.

    • @YellowCrystalSun
      @YellowCrystalSun 11 ปีที่แล้ว

      ***** The internet was created for warfare, but after the war was over, scientist gave the internet to the world as an experiment.
      I believe we will witness that day when internet will become abundant and free.

    • @YellowCrystalSun
      @YellowCrystalSun 11 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Wilvin Crawford You needs to study more, You have not notice that we are currently advancing in all aspect of technology.
      Technology will merge in the fabric of our everyday life, We will begin to demand the abundant use of the internet, the internet will eventually be free.

  • @Ral9284
    @Ral9284 11 ปีที่แล้ว +2982

    Wow, the question is not _"Why is glass transparent?"_ more than _"Why is not everything else transparent?"_ Neat, though.
    #TedEd #science #glass

    • @NikoCubeRoot
      @NikoCubeRoot 6 ปีที่แล้ว +14

      Why theres no comments!

    • @ruhanikasahani6704
      @ruhanikasahani6704 6 ปีที่แล้ว +10

      Why transparent things are transparent?

    • @omidaafif4150
      @omidaafif4150 6 ปีที่แล้ว +10

      yeah. how about plastic ?

    • @alsto8298
      @alsto8298 6 ปีที่แล้ว +15

      @@omidaafif4150 Anything could be transparent if cooled fast enough from liquid state to solid. Even metal in theory could be trandparent, but it is impossible in real world to cool it that fast.

    • @devaraj688
      @devaraj688 6 ปีที่แล้ว +5

      @@alsto8298
      If we not cool fast the glass, den will glass become non-transparent?

  • @robert_costello
    @robert_costello 5 ปีที่แล้ว +26

    I hope you people realize how much your videos are appreciated. Thank you, from the bottom of my heart for doing what you do. I will be making a donation to help advance your cause.

  • @christinebeames2311
    @christinebeames2311 3 ปีที่แล้ว +22

    I’ve often wondered how the ingredients for glass becomes invisible , at 76 I finally get it explained thank you

  • @th3rdgamer426
    @th3rdgamer426 9 ปีที่แล้ว +1911

    What invention lets you see straight through a wall?
    THE WINDOW

    • @ahmadkhatibmursadi
      @ahmadkhatibmursadi 6 ปีที่แล้ว +11

      Good one

    • @sivansharma5027
      @sivansharma5027 6 ปีที่แล้ว +32

      A hole ;)

    • @hongmika
      @hongmika 6 ปีที่แล้ว +15

      Sivan Sharma, holes weren't invented though.

    • @emilyjew-wor-ski6630
      @emilyjew-wor-ski6630 6 ปีที่แล้ว +6

      “To the wall” is the first thing I thought of.
      What is wrong with me?

    • @sallamt.amhara
      @sallamt.amhara 6 ปีที่แล้ว

      If it's a glass wall, it's glass. If it's every thing else, it's nothing.

  • @danielm0rk
    @danielm0rk 9 ปีที่แล้ว +923

    I've got a question. If you would shine an insane amount of light on a solid object, that isn't normally transparent, could you transfer enough energy to all of the electrons so they would all reach their maximum potential energy level, so they would not be able to absorb additional energy and the remaining energy would shine through the object making it transparent?

    • @MUNTraiano
      @MUNTraiano 9 ปีที่แล้ว +1040

      +Daniel Mørk it's not the "amount" of light but the energy of every single photon, and yes you can make an object transparent by increasing the energy of photons, that's how x-rays work

    • @danielm0rk
      @danielm0rk 9 ปีที่แล้ว +206

      Oh, I see. Thank you :)

    • @slavkosster
      @slavkosster 9 ปีที่แล้ว +160

      +Daniel Mørk If you would just increase the amount, you would just see it more, brighter. That's why objects have colour, because when they absorb the energy from visible light to jump to higher energy level, they also later emit the photon of the colour when they jump to lower energy level

    • @honprarules
      @honprarules 9 ปีที่แล้ว +110

      You need to increase the frequency of photon and not increase the amount(increase brightness). So gamma waves might do the job due to their extremely high frequency.
      The formula is E=hv where h is plank's constant while v stands for frequency.

    • @mohamedbassam9328
      @mohamedbassam9328 9 ปีที่แล้ว +60

      electrons don't stay in the excited state for that long time as they return to their original level for the atom to be stable releasing the same amount of energy the electron absorbed as photon so the object just reflect more light and appers brighter
      this may answer your question about increasing the light intensity (increasing the number of photons)
      but I want to know something. we see things colored because objects absorb some photons of specific wave length and reflect the remaining photons which make us see this object of certain color. so why this object absorb these certain photons? and what is their fate?

  • @moniquita720
    @moniquita720 8 ปีที่แล้ว +68

    I remember asking my science teacher about this. He never told me. "Something to do with the molecules."

    • @Polored1066
      @Polored1066 8 ปีที่แล้ว +11

      It's much more complicated than what was summed up in this video. THis video took 5 minutes to briefly sum an explanation without any detail. DOn't blame your teacher really.

    • @Monochromicornicopia
      @Monochromicornicopia 8 ปีที่แล้ว +17

      The most honest answer a teacher can give is "i don't know". Don't be mad at that answer, at least its honest.

    • @moniquita720
      @moniquita720 8 ปีที่แล้ว

      Pablo Blo​ GDI​ Read and agreed to.

    • @vidhanjain4479
      @vidhanjain4479 7 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      MÓNICA ANDRADE my teacher said it's just a characteristic of the glass

    • @PedroSilva-vt6qr
      @PedroSilva-vt6qr 7 ปีที่แล้ว

      MÓNICA ANDRADE didnt she go to college or something? And no, she might aswell have said "i dont know".

  • @asilver50
    @asilver50 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    I appreciate these videos that explain something without taking 20 to 30 minutes to get to the point.

  • @Psycandy
    @Psycandy 3 ปีที่แล้ว +101

    The Europeans had... wine, and developed glass as an inert means of storage - and it looked pretty. This led to windows, lenses, corrected vision, telescopes and more. The Chinese, on the other hand, were happy with their tea, in shellac cups, and the use of paper for lanterns and windows, so the glass revolution only happened later.

    • @connection_ok
      @connection_ok 3 ปีที่แล้ว +17

      (Meanwhile, the Chinese inventing gunpowder, paper milling, acupuncture, the seismograph, the adjustable wrench, the rudder, the compass, and literal ancient robots (wine automatons) to serve their wine instead)

    • @a6893_
      @a6893_ 3 ปีที่แล้ว +11

      Meanwhile India had surgeons, 0, theory of atoms among other things.

    • @crazycat1052
      @crazycat1052 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@connection_ok wow

    • @ronnieince4568
      @ronnieince4568 3 ปีที่แล้ว +5

      Glass is not technically a solid -it usxa semi solid that actually flows -verry verry slowly but if you measure the thickness if glass accurately enough and then place a sheet of glass upright and measure again some years latter it will be thicker at the bottom as it "flows "under its own weight The flow us incredibly slow so for practical purposes it us a solid but physicists will tell you that in their terms it is classified as a "liquid " or "semi solid "

    • @Psycandy
      @Psycandy 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      @@ronnieince4568 technically, anything above absolute zero isn't solid

  • @ImErin.
    @ImErin. 9 ปีที่แล้ว +896

    if glass protects from uv light, why are uv light bulbs made of glass?

    • @mrryanram
      @mrryanram 8 ปีที่แล้ว +12

      +Peter White i second tht

    • @VadimBolshakov
      @VadimBolshakov 8 ปีที่แล้ว +17

      It made out of special glass

    • @gi.m8894
      @gi.m8894 8 ปีที่แล้ว +19

      amazing question erin... :D

    • @foxdroad
      @foxdroad 8 ปีที่แล้ว +22

      Uv light is not part of the human eye visible spectrum.
      and there are different Uv light wave lenghts with different frequencies and different energies

    • @SkoomaIceCoffee
      @SkoomaIceCoffee 8 ปีที่แล้ว +9

      this is probably because uv spectrum is very wide compared to visible spectrum,thus photons of every energy level in uv spectrum is not absorbed by glass and uv rays we receive is mostly absorbed by ozone layer and then what is left can be easily filtered by glass by making the right kind of glass.

  • @aryeh3757
    @aryeh3757 4 ปีที่แล้ว +45

    "sometimes we even forget that its really there"
    me: looking at my fingerprint covered window

    • @HangTimeDeluxe
      @HangTimeDeluxe 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Me: Thinking this guy is too lazy to clean his window, and is so proud of his laziness that he worked this fact into an asinine TH-cam comment.

    • @aryeh3757
      @aryeh3757 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      @@HangTimeDeluxe hahahha

    • @HobbyOrganist
      @HobbyOrganist 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      looking at my dog nose printed windows...

    • @irfanrami9434
      @irfanrami9434 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@HangTimeDeluxe 😂😂

  • @funby
    @funby 3 ปีที่แล้ว +8

    3:50
    "... featureless and invisible, we forget its even there"
    My life story. I feel you glass 😭

  • @kittujasthi88
    @kittujasthi88 ปีที่แล้ว

    Very simple and elegantly answered unlike how other youtube channels tend to complicate this.

  • @saywhatnow5789
    @saywhatnow5789 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    All information on the internet should be as useful as this is!!!😃

  • @nosaucepotatochips1612
    @nosaucepotatochips1612 5 ปีที่แล้ว +8

    That music at the end is always so oddly satisfying.. 😍

  • @latimil838
    @latimil838 5 ปีที่แล้ว +70

    I love this channel. For real, it's one of the few things that make believe that internet can be used for good. Congratulations to everyone involve in developing theses videos, you are changing the world, even if not everyone notice. 😀

  • @Edmonton-of2ec
    @Edmonton-of2ec 5 ปีที่แล้ว +60

    Glass: What is my purpose?
    Me: Your purpose is to be featureless and invisible, with people forgetting your there.

    • @gigabytemon
      @gigabytemon 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      Glass: What is my purpose?
      Me: To prank everyone into thinking they can walk through you.

    • @sketchbookmenace
      @sketchbookmenace 4 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      Glass: What is my purpose?
      Me: To break my nose, apparently.
      I'm joking, I've never broken my nose, but I once ran into a glass sliding door because I thought it was open. 🤦‍♀️

  • @user-nj1qc7uc9c
    @user-nj1qc7uc9c 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    i legit learned something i have been wondering for a while
    tedx is one of the few channels that actually teach you stuff, with out it going in one ear and out the other

  • @Wuozlinga
    @Wuozlinga 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    This channel is a gift to everyone!

  • @golubvolodemerovich7512
    @golubvolodemerovich7512 9 ปีที่แล้ว +7

    the comment section happens to be equally, or maybe even more informative than the video itself, love it!

  • @ashantiedits
    @ashantiedits 3 ปีที่แล้ว +7

    The science behind glass is really fascinating…I believe I first learned from Minecraft that sand is used to form glass. It was interesting to learn about its makeup on a atomic level…energy levels and photons to explain why light is able to pass through glass and not other objects.

  • @screenwatcher949
    @screenwatcher949 9 ปีที่แล้ว +79

    0:07 Is that you I Hate Everything?!

    • @bulbyvr
      @bulbyvr 9 ปีที่แล้ว

      +Broguy the Shy Guy Thanks for giving me a name for that guy

    • @bulbyvr
      @bulbyvr 9 ปีที่แล้ว

      +Broguy the Shy Guy Thanks for giving me a name for that guy

    • @therealUcxb
      @therealUcxb 9 ปีที่แล้ว

      +Broguy the Shy Guy yes

    • @johnnycampbell4356
      @johnnycampbell4356 9 ปีที่แล้ว

      no its 0.08

    • @zozodli2861
      @zozodli2861 7 ปีที่แล้ว

      Broguy 22 q

  • @kiskovce
    @kiskovce 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    have been looking for this answer for more than 20 years. Now I can die in peace. Thank you TED-Ed. I really appreciate it .

  • @gameskyjumper1721
    @gameskyjumper1721 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    When people say fire is the most important invention ever. I often think of glass (something that can separate things while letting light goes thru) and magnet.

  • @aikomaliako5412
    @aikomaliako5412 8 ปีที่แล้ว +376

    🍕

    • @Patrick-cy2zh
      @Patrick-cy2zh 8 ปีที่แล้ว +5

      I guess that's a good analogy

    • @jadewolf3094
      @jadewolf3094 8 ปีที่แล้ว +5

      doesnt taste too good :/

    • @ajones7107
      @ajones7107 8 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Aiko Maliako lol

    • @amariiiiiiiiiiiii
      @amariiiiiiiiiiiii 7 ปีที่แล้ว

      UNSEEN

    • @blizzbee
      @blizzbee 5 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      You made me hungry

  • @ImpaktLP
    @ImpaktLP 11 ปีที่แล้ว +53

    after this video I looked at my window. wow.

  • @NikhitaPrabhudesai
    @NikhitaPrabhudesai 9 ปีที่แล้ว +16

    Beautifully animated, and made so easy to understand! Thanks!

    • @TheNatBoi
      @TheNatBoi 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Great educators, and animators, collaborating to create; TED-Ed

  • @erichodge567
    @erichodge567 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    This was the best explanation of the phenomenon I have ever seen. Thank you.

  • @javanochieng5720
    @javanochieng5720 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    The poetry in these narrations are just on another level

  • @ParadoxTTK
    @ParadoxTTK 11 ปีที่แล้ว +7

    That was a nice one! I always thought it was about the wave lengths that it absorbs.

    • @76Eliam
      @76Eliam 11 ปีที่แล้ว +18

      It's precisely about the wavelengths it actually does not absorb. The energy of a photon is inversely proportional to his wavelength. So large amount of energy equals small wavelength. That's why ultraviolet (small wavelength), very energetic, is absorbed, when visible light (larger wavelength), less energetic, isn't.

    • @ParadoxTTK
      @ParadoxTTK 11 ปีที่แล้ว

      I thought it was!

  • @Bathna33
    @Bathna33 8 ปีที่แล้ว +62

    Pretty sure people get suntan through glass! Ask the drivers!

    • @sccs7414
      @sccs7414 8 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      JustDance Pinky33 I now that's what I was wondering!

    • @Mutantcy1992
      @Mutantcy1992 8 ปีที่แล้ว +5

      Yeah I've definitely gotten a tan through glass. It could be that glass absorbs only UVA (320 to 400 nm) light or only UVB (280 to 320 nm) light. UVA leads to a quick, but short lasting tan, as it oxidizes melanin that already exists in your skin. UVB on the other hand leads to melanin production, and results in a tan that takes a few days to show, but lasts for weeks to months.

    • @Monochromicornicopia
      @Monochromicornicopia 8 ปีที่แล้ว

      Only specific wavelengths of uv light can be absorbed by glass. An electron needs a very specific amount of energy in order to "jump" to a higher orbital

    • @haikalt.9279
      @haikalt.9279 8 ปีที่แล้ว

      it can give protection but not full protection , like bullet-proof vest , after a couple of bullet it can get through at the same place

    • @irrelevance3859
      @irrelevance3859 8 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      Glass absorbs the UV but some of it still manages to get through, just a lot slower. And different glasses are different with lights

  • @jmorgan87
    @jmorgan87 9 ปีที่แล้ว +1185

    Thumbs up if you're watching this in 2337 through a transparent steel screen.

    • @weepingdalek2568
      @weepingdalek2568 9 ปีที่แล้ว +47

      In 2547 we're watching on transparent titanium screen

    • @jackiethegoldenjackal
      @jackiethegoldenjackal 9 ปีที่แล้ว +14

      pshh old schooler everyone knows that s29o# is the new device

    • @ros0ideae-1
      @ros0ideae-1 9 ปีที่แล้ว +34

      I'm watching this in 3147. We see this in history videos.

    • @weepingdalek2568
      @weepingdalek2568 9 ปีที่แล้ว +6

      +Lexi Fairis It isn't History we watch this in, it's Science

    • @ShapeDoppelganger
      @ShapeDoppelganger 9 ปีที่แล้ว +14

      +Josh Morgan Steel Screen? The rage now is bioluminiscent flexible self-repairing films. And it also runs with glucose too!

  • @manjubandi23
    @manjubandi23 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Man, this is so astonishing. Creativity and thinking in numerous possible ways is the problem-solving hack way back from history! Totally loved the speech.

  • @droomahbroo9291
    @droomahbroo9291 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    This absolutely blew my mind :O
    Thanks so much for the absolutely insane videos!

  • @LolLol-ez8uk
    @LolLol-ez8uk 3 ปีที่แล้ว +11

    Amazing vid. it helped me understand refraction more. However, I still have one question and would be delighted if answered: if light doesn't have enough energy to make electrons jump, why don't the electrons just take all the light energy making it disappear or does it have to do with how far the electrons are?

    • @marianl8718
      @marianl8718 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Paradoxically, light can pass through glass precisely because it does not have the energy to move the electrons too much. In the case of metals, light can easily move them, therefore it cannot pass.

    • @LolLol-ez8uk
      @LolLol-ez8uk ปีที่แล้ว +3

      @@marianl8718 oooooh, that fact completely passed my mind. Thanks alot man although it's been a year 😂. I guess I could sleep at night well now 😅😂

    • @marianl8718
      @marianl8718 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@LolLol-ez8uk Yes, in the case of glass, the situation is somewhat similar to a very good soccer goalkeeper, who is tied to one of the goal posts with a spring. He can only move as far as the spring allows and can only reject a small part of the balls. These few rejected balls correspond precisely to that small fraction of light reflected by the glass.
      The video is older, I just found it now. Of course you also tried to give some explanations, as I did, because this video does not explain much.
      Thank you for your reply.

  • @Deathbysnakes90
    @Deathbysnakes90 9 ปีที่แล้ว +47

    Optical illusion at 2:30
    Stare at the red ball in the middle at it will appear as though the lines on the far electron shell has disappeared

    • @taykimyang5951
      @taykimyang5951 9 ปีที่แล้ว +13

      +The sky is falling because tomatoes are really annoying. Found someone whos username is longer than mine

    • @takshashila2995
      @takshashila2995 6 ปีที่แล้ว

      Oh,Yes!

    • @untameddiary226
      @untameddiary226 4 ปีที่แล้ว

      The sky is falling because tomatoes are really annoying. nice username oooooh

  • @randomuser5609
    @randomuser5609 5 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Please Ted Ed... I‘m a Minecraft veteran. I know how to make glas.

  • @Hitesh_HKN
    @Hitesh_HKN 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    clear explanation with smooth attractive animation and not to mention about his soothing voice 🤠makes this amazing channel

  • @pauler7268
    @pauler7268 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    its been years , I searched this question everywhere books, Asked professors , nothing explains more beautiful than this

  • @charitsfachrurizalkusumara5775
    @charitsfachrurizalkusumara5775 3 ปีที่แล้ว +67

    I love how they replaced the nucleus with football stadium

    • @HangTimeDeluxe
      @HangTimeDeluxe 3 ปีที่แล้ว +8

      Yeah, they didn't. The stadium was only used to provide the scale, the nucleus was replaced by a pea in the analogy provided. Pay attention next time.

    • @RevKali
      @RevKali 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@HangTimeDeluxe calm down boomer

  • @Ayan44
    @Ayan44 9 ปีที่แล้ว +20

    all these years i have thought that you could get a tan while exposed to the sun through a glass, for example a car's windshield or a glass window etc

    • @kentvandervelden
      @kentvandervelden 9 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      +Ayan44 You can get a sunburn through glass, though not all the UV (A & B) may be let through, depending on the type of glass, the coatings applied to the glass, and the angle the sunlight hits the glass, so the rate will be slower than if in the direct sun. Look up "UV transmission spectra of glass" if interested.

    • @chikeezebilo6545
      @chikeezebilo6545 9 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      Put your hand under a magnifying glass outside in the sun.. Trust me, you'll get nice and crispy :D

  • @MexterO123
    @MexterO123 9 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    Wow I finally understand orbitals and fermi energy levels. Thanks. :)

  • @zoyxox0
    @zoyxox0 ปีที่แล้ว

    Omg the fact I've been searching around this question a couple of months ago and finally earned a proper answer. Thank you!!❤

  • @theredhanded5853
    @theredhanded5853 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    ted-ed always gives the clarity😇

  • @hoplahey
    @hoplahey 11 ปีที่แล้ว +37

    And yet there is not one single person in the world that knows why the photons only interact with the electrons at "the right" energy levels. That is, we know this is why glass is transparent, but we don't know the fundamental reason why.

    • @hoplahey
      @hoplahey 11 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      ***** It was not an argument from ignorance, it was an argument from that I have not seen an explanation of why the quantum world acts as it does. If there is an understanding of this I would be happy if you provide a link to the theory.
      Your examples with the wave and the ball are opposite of how the quantum effect is. Waves interact with each other regardless of wavelength and amplitude, they combine and can carry "infinite" different levels of frequencies. And with the ball example it would absorb the energy. In the quantum world they do not interact at all unless they have the exact right quantum state or energy.

    • @jmiles718
      @jmiles718 11 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      Because God was like 'LET THERE BE QUARTZ THEY MAKE GLASS" and SPOOF Quartz came out of no where

    • @richarddryer1964
      @richarddryer1964 11 ปีที่แล้ว

      ***** magnetism affects only charged particles and light photons do not possess a charge or mass (although they are still affected by gravity)

    • @NathanOlsen311
      @NathanOlsen311 11 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      I am disappointment in you're speling *****

    • @SeabasstianTV
      @SeabasstianTV 11 ปีที่แล้ว

      jmiles8888 I see what you're getting at there but the alternative is "THAT'S JUST THE WAY NATURE IS, SO DEAL WITH IT". Which while more logical is just as dissatifying.

  • @ManuelFortis
    @ManuelFortis 11 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    Genialmente didáctico. Gracias por la clase sobre transparencia en cristal y en vidrio.
    Un breve comentario sobre la fibra óptica?😐☺

  • @IttyBittyVox
    @IttyBittyVox 8 ปีที่แล้ว +194

    I wish educational videos would stop showing electrons as jumping between electron shells. I'm sure the creators know that they can't exist between the shells, as quantization is the reason for photons not being absorbed by all electrons. So why is it that we keep pretending that electrons move like every-day macro objects?
    I don't think this makes it any easier to learn. Firstly, because of this strategy we are specifically lying about the nature of these things from the start, putting up barriers to understanding reality in the future. Secondly, the reason for transparency is easier to understand if you understand that electrons only exist in these shells. And lastly, this explains the reason for molecular spectrum and allows you to properly research why different frequencies of light are or are not absorbed.
    Oversimplification is worse than explaining the picture in too much detail; in taking this approach we are cutting ourselves off from how we discovered these properties of nature. Besides, quantization is most confusing to those who have accepted these more 'simple' models. It's not hard to accept for those who had no model of physics, to begin with.

    • @shoaibakhtar4389
      @shoaibakhtar4389 6 ปีที่แล้ว +7

      Correct

    • @anatoliy333
      @anatoliy333 5 ปีที่แล้ว +6

      Perfect.

    • @philip6419
      @philip6419 5 ปีที่แล้ว +5

      Huh? First, there is NO "between the shells"! Second, ALL molecules 'share' outer orbits so YES.. the electrons have to "jump" between shells. Chemistry 101

    • @arthurzetes
      @arthurzetes 5 ปีที่แล้ว +39

      You say that because you know too much.
      If what you said was in the video, people would think “why?” And get carried away with that thought and miss the broader picture
      The point isn’t to get people to understand the point about electrons, but about glass.

    • @philip6419
      @philip6419 5 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      With all due respect, maybe its because.. you don't know anything. Why did you even comment? Go buy a book, friend.

  • @brpannier6828
    @brpannier6828 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    very well explained. i have found no other explanation at this level of excellence

  • @Cemhta
    @Cemhta 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    I never thought this was going to be such an elaborate answer

  • @fisshbone
    @fisshbone 10 ปีที่แล้ว +31

    Glass is the real MVP

    • @adrianadrianadrian7283
      @adrianadrianadrian7283 6 ปีที่แล้ว

      Plastic?

    • @rollingrocky3608
      @rollingrocky3608 6 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@adrianadrianadrian7283 they are frenemies

    • @JoachimVampire
      @JoachimVampire 4 ปีที่แล้ว

      the Minimum Viable Product? i mean... no it is not :P it's actually the oposite

  • @AndrewStewart_Hell_Yeah
    @AndrewStewart_Hell_Yeah 8 ปีที่แล้ว +12

    That last sentence is my life story...

    • @026ERNEST
      @026ERNEST 8 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Andrew Stewart Dont say that bro, keep it up!

    • @rydemk4168
      @rydemk4168 6 ปีที่แล้ว

      So far. You can change that

  • @DoctorX149
    @DoctorX149 7 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    Lots of things are made of glass that we don't even think about. Screens, cups, mugs, computer cases, eyeglasses, even jewelry sometimes... It really is one of the most useful materials we have. Good video!

  • @52Royston
    @52Royston ปีที่แล้ว

    I have been wondering this on and off for many years. Thank you so much.

  • @hypotheticlz
    @hypotheticlz 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    They should rebrand from “lessons worth sharing” to “questions you didn’t know you had until TED-Ed answered them”

  • @YouTubist666
    @YouTubist666 8 ปีที่แล้ว +7

    Great job. This is an excellent explanation about the transparency of glass. It would be great if Ted-Ed did a video explaining why metals reflect light.

  • @MooImABunny
    @MooImABunny 9 ปีที่แล้ว +8

    uh... that's not exactly why most materials are opaque. from what you claim, opaque materials should block very specific frequencies, and let most light go through. Instead opaque materials absorb some light and reflect some.
    What's happening is that 1) a photon doesn't need to have *exactly* the right amount of energy, even for a free atom/molecule, it has some narrow band of frequencies that do get absorbed.
    but once you consider a solid, there are alot of atom, affecting each other, shifting the bands randomly, and making them broader.
    additionally, an atom would absorb light and then re-emit it, perhaps emit it in different frequencies, but still, it can't just keep the energy to itself.
    but when you bunch up atoms together, they could absorb the photon, and instead of giving it back as new light, just share it with other atoms. Then the atoms shake and heat up, absorbing the photon completely.
    Last thing to remember is that nothing is exact, and nothing is binary.
    you can absorb 37% of light at a curtain frequency, reflect 53% and let 10% through.
    Besides that, even though the atom is mostly empty, the visible light has a much bigger wavelength, so this empty space is just not enough to pass through.

    • @DoctorX149
      @DoctorX149 7 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Yeah, the explanation in the video didn't really make any sense to me. It still didn't explain much of reflection or reflection, didn't address wavelengths or energy levels of light, didn't even bother to mention the heat those interactions can cause.
      A good example of their explanation failing is with the grille on the inside of a microwave oven door. That grille is designed specifically so that light below infrared cannot pass through (so we aren't cooked alive watching our food heat up). The explanation in the video cannot possibly justify how this works. Yours does! Kudos.

  • @TURTLEMMC23
    @TURTLEMMC23 11 ปีที่แล้ว +21

    yay i learned something

  • @jjenko6366
    @jjenko6366 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Excellent explanation for even the average person to understand. Thanks

  • @matthewboire6843
    @matthewboire6843 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

    This is one of those questions that no one really ask but it’s something everyone has wondered and yet almost no one knows the answer, now I know.

  • @anhaolan3121
    @anhaolan3121 4 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    my friend : " a glass is simple "
    me :" *IT'S COMPLICATE*

  • @Supernova-217
    @Supernova-217 7 ปีที่แล้ว +10

    *OMG! THE DEPICTION AT THE END! ALL OF OUR SCREENS THAT WE'RE WATCHING THIS ON ARE ALSO GLASS!!! I ESPECIALLY LOVE TED-ED ENDINGS BECAUSE THEY ARE ALWAYS SO CLEVER!!!*

  • @VinayKumar-hk5yi
    @VinayKumar-hk5yi 8 ปีที่แล้ว +65

    why every glass can't be used for UV protection?

    • @kevinwhite88bc
      @kevinwhite88bc 8 ปีที่แล้ว +6

      different chemicals give different properties to the glass. For example some colors are more effective at absorbing UV ligth compare to the others. And again it is due to the subatomic level.
      So; mostly, because of the components in the glass.

    • @VinayKumar-hk5yi
      @VinayKumar-hk5yi 8 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      I know that chemical composition change the physical and chemical properties, But in the video, from 03:05 to 03:20 minutes, he says that UV rays provide right energy and are absorbed and can't pass through it, so glass give UV protection. The video should be about " Normal" transparent glass , not Chemically coated or treated glass. Right?

    • @OscarLiu24
      @OscarLiu24 8 ปีที่แล้ว +30

      +Vinay Kumar it's a simplification. UV light is a range of frequencies, glass absorb specific frequencies inside the UV range. So glass offer some UV protection, but not total protection ( this is why one gets suntan through driving a cabin car, but less so then in a convertible )

    • @sage5296
      @sage5296 6 ปีที่แล้ว

      Vinay Kumar not all glass is made of quartz!

  • @noonespecial09
    @noonespecial09 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    I love the way this channel explains..I simplyyyy love it❤❤❤

  • @Zoe-nk3bb
    @Zoe-nk3bb หลายเดือนก่อน

    "How could something be so solid but so invisible?"
    The question of my life.

  • @GammaFZ
    @GammaFZ 3 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    ah so that’s why most walls can let wifi and radio through, the photon energy isn’t enough to excite the atoms.

    • @vianneyneba5856
      @vianneyneba5856 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Correction, it’s excite the electrons

    • @marianl8718
      @marianl8718 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@vianneyneba5856 But to a very small extent, these are bound electrons.

  • @tylermustardloooser386
    @tylermustardloooser386 6 ปีที่แล้ว +13

    0:15 everything

  • @cheefybeefy
    @cheefybeefy 11 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    That's awesome! With that being said, my question is how do mirrors play a part in this subject. Its glass but its not transparent. Is there a different element or is the glass created differently?

    • @buniokowski3162
      @buniokowski3162 ปีที่แล้ว

      It's a layer of metal on the back of the glass...

    • @Thewall6110
      @Thewall6110 ปีที่แล้ว

      A mirror is a glass pane with a reflective material (normally metal) attached to the back of it, you can see the gap caused by the reflex surface being behind the glass if you've ever put you hand flat against your bathroom mirror. Some mirrors have the reflective surface on the front but those are mostly precision instruments and the early bronze and rock ones

  • @monztermovies
    @monztermovies ปีที่แล้ว

    This was the clearest explanation.

  • @kimberlysweeney1338
    @kimberlysweeney1338 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    I always wondered why my transition glasses would not darken inside, even though I was sitting in sunshine. Amazing video, like always!

  • @lukecable2031
    @lukecable2031 9 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    I love you glass!

  • @subtle0savage
    @subtle0savage 8 ปีที่แล้ว +6

    This video is incorrect. It proposes the hypothesis that photons are too small or carry insufficient energy to excite the molecules (or more accurately the electron ball/field that surround atoms), thus slipping through glass unperturbed. It is well known that light is slowed down by 40% when moving through glass. It is also well known that light is refracted within the medium. Thus, there is a tremendous amount of interaction or interference between the light photon and the molecules and/or their electrons in the glass. There are a number of hypothesis as to what is occurring, but there is as yet no definitive answer to the question. I would recommend, for those who wish a deeper study, and to become more confused, looking at several Sixty Symbols video's covering the subject. Of particular interest, 'Why is glass transparent?' with Professor Phil Moriarty (which somewhat supports this Ted video), and two subsequent videos 'Why is light slower in glass' with Professor Marifield and an additional video by Moriarty where he concedes his first video is too simplistic. I would like to say that Ted generally produce very informative work, and they are a great boon to our society. But they are not infallible. It might have been more inspiring to create a video: 'Why does light go through glass? We're not sure!', and then run down a number of hypothesis on the subject.

  • @redcat362
    @redcat362 11 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    Didn't know UV doesn't pass thur glass. Wow, good to know.

    • @PlainsPup
      @PlainsPup 11 ปีที่แล้ว

      A small amount does.

  • @limerence8365
    @limerence8365 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Glass is one of my favourite solid material.

  • @idaiizetsu
    @idaiizetsu 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    How fantastic it could be to confirmed what i predicted about the glasses subatomic structure regarding transparency.

  • @paragjyotideka1246
    @paragjyotideka1246 5 ปีที่แล้ว +12

    Curious People : "Why is glass transparent?"
    Me who watches Jerry: "Glass is glass and glass is transparent."

  • @Haburg
    @Haburg 3 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    Getting this recommended after squid game 🐙
    *Makes sense* ☠

  • @beckhamneal4765
    @beckhamneal4765 5 ปีที่แล้ว +5

    For some reason I thought it said why is milk transparent and i was like wtf

    • @wayway7017
      @wayway7017 4 ปีที่แล้ว

      what? you're saying that milk *isnt* transparent?

  • @jackdier8624
    @jackdier8624 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    This is one that just put so much more questions in my brain.

  • @venkatasreeharsha5920
    @venkatasreeharsha5920 6 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    I started to love this channel

  • @Masquerola
    @Masquerola 7 ปีที่แล้ว +11

    3:37 when you break the 4th window

    • @wayway7017
      @wayway7017 4 ปีที่แล้ว

      he had a concussion

  • @bloodyleech19
    @bloodyleech19 5 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    He forgot that it scratches at level 6 with deeper grooves at level 7

  • @Hi_Brien
    @Hi_Brien 9 ปีที่แล้ว +8

    um electrons don't really orbit around the nucleus. Electrons have a certain probability that they will have their strongest point in a certain location. This matters because an orbit is a point that smoothly moves around something, electrons just teleport.

  • @karhukivi
    @karhukivi ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Transparent to visible light, but not to higher energy photons like UV. The visible (for humans - birds can see more of the UV) part of the EM spectrum is very small, but to us it is very important.

  • @lilhedgehog8576
    @lilhedgehog8576 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

    2:02 whoever did that animation of the Adam is a really good animator.

  • @Jo_Es_Chess_Channel
    @Jo_Es_Chess_Channel 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Their intro is made in a way that they'd want us to believe the fact that they want us to feel hypnotised even though they know we don't feel that way

  • @mksabourinable
    @mksabourinable 11 ปีที่แล้ว +7

    you can get a sunburn through glass..... one time my sister fell asleep beside a window and woke up with a sunburn across her legs.......

    • @Gretcie
      @Gretcie 11 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      You can but it would take a lot longer than if the glass was not present.

    • @mksabourinable
      @mksabourinable 11 ปีที่แล้ว +6

      Gretcie agreed, but he shouldn't have said it was impossible.

    • @Gretcie
      @Gretcie 10 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Yea on that account he was incorrect.

    • @talzO9
      @talzO9 10 ปีที่แล้ว +9

      Maybe she snuck out to the beach without you knowing, got a tan and went back to her room and pretended to be asleep.

    • @Karanthaneos
      @Karanthaneos 10 ปีที่แล้ว

      I think it's because he was talking about some sort of ideal glass. But yes, the statement is incorrect when we talk about real glass

  • @renatosilva2246
    @renatosilva2246 9 ปีที่แล้ว +22

    The video contains an error.
    Electrons can't be between two energy levels as shown, they pass from one level to another without ever staying in between the levels. It makes no sense because it is quantum physics .

    • @JohnnyDoeDoeDoe
      @JohnnyDoeDoeDoe 9 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      Renato Silva Of course, you are correct, I believe that is more of an abstraction than anything else, to aid in understanding.

    • @carcinogenicthalidomide3057
      @carcinogenicthalidomide3057 7 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      Well that's just depiction for basic science ideas.

    • @DoctorX149
      @DoctorX149 7 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      The animator likely knows little to nothing about the topic, almost every video is animated by a new person...
      Unless you're referring to the narration being an error; but I think when he says "jumps" it is just a synonym for moves.

    • @nikolasbryant4235
      @nikolasbryant4235 6 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      Except he actually explained that, even if the visual is incorrect. If the electron doesn't get enough energy, it cannot go the the next level. There are no half-levels.

    • @rickkwitkoski1976
      @rickkwitkoski1976 6 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @joshua james there are none
      electron energy levels are discrete values
      no in between ones

  • @jonesy2931
    @jonesy2931 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    This channel teaches me better then school does.

  • @frankjaumajubert6124
    @frankjaumajubert6124 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Great constant amazing content from this channel! This video is priceless! Thank you TED-Ed, you make the world a bit better every day for everyone!

  • @thejerrymobile
    @thejerrymobile 11 ปีที่แล้ว +75

    Other than the orbital model of the atom, great video.
    I mean, I get how using the orbital model makes it easier to explain through 2D animation, but it doesn't excuse the fact that it perpetuates an inaccurate conceptualization of reality. :\

    • @Jack7967
      @Jack7967 11 ปีที่แล้ว +34

      How about you make a video to explain this to a layman while using an "accurate conceptualization of reality". In the very same comment you criticize it and explain why its necessary....

    • @thejerrymobile
      @thejerrymobile 11 ปีที่แล้ว +9

      Jack I explain the likely rationale for why it was used; it wasn't necessary. To be accessible to a lay audience doesn't mean a concept needs to be outdated.

    • @Ral9284
      @Ral9284 11 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      Yep, I want to see more videos according to the new discoveries too.

    • @Jack7967
      @Jack7967 11 ปีที่แล้ว +31

      thejerrymobile
      It typically does mean it needs to be simplified. While outdated, that representation makes it easier to understand. If they tried to explain this while being true to our modern understanding of the atom it would certainly start to cloud the topic with details that you would have to explain in words for someone to understand. The model they used makes sense at a glance because people are comfortable with it. At the end of the day that is what matters; that people walk away understanding the main point of the video. That is what this video accomplished and its pointless to criticize it for something so silly.

    • @SlimThrull
      @SlimThrull 11 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      The alternative is to give the QM model which is much harder to understand. Win some, lose some.

  • @HP-pn8jr
    @HP-pn8jr 3 ปีที่แล้ว +6

    I wish more humans were like glass… ´transparent’

  • @somerival930
    @somerival930 4 ปีที่แล้ว +26

    0:44 Nuh-uh, you find quartz in the Nether, not in sand, everyone knows that!

    • @anonymouspuppy
      @anonymouspuppy 4 ปีที่แล้ว

      Underrated comment.

    • @txtp
      @txtp 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Well, you can smelt sand into glass, but quartz just turns into these white cubes. Painful when u don’t have sand and want to make windows for a base.

  • @callen8908
    @callen8908 ปีที่แล้ว

    I had heard the liquid state information before (which I kinda understood) but this piece had even more details and was very clear

  • @0mchen221
    @0mchen221 6 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    2:25 because then you could see through the world and get all of the diamonds