Multi Valve Per Cylinder: 2V, 4V, 5V, 6V & 7V
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 28 ก.ย. 2024
- The need for more valves per cylinder was quickly found in race cars when first manufacturers found out that it can significantly boost the output of their engines. The first 4V engine basically came over a decade ago and became the standard in road cars not a long time after that. The progress did not stop there and more valves were tested for any possible further power improvements, especially by Maserati, Audi and Yamaha.
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Would love to see a video on the Honda oval piston engine.
Visio made one
Honda nr750 🤩🤩🤩🤩🤩🙏🙏
@@maya00795 nr500 gp machine actually preceded it.
@Alfred Wedmore More than that, Honda was insistent on taking on the GP competition with 4 stroke technonology upon its return. 2 strokes had been dominant since the mid 1970s, and this quixotic quest was further complicated by the restriction on the number of cylinders (which you alluded to in your comment). Honda came to its senses and abandoned the NR for the time being and introduced its own 2t NS500, albeit as a v3 and not a v4.
@Alfred Wedmore I didn't think so. Yes, they wanted to race more than 4 cylinders so this was their way of keeping 4 cylinders (although unconventional) but pushing through the airflow, thus more power, they were looking for. I thought a very fascinating engine thought very complex.
3 valves were used in many cars too, two small inlet and one larger exhaust 🙂
My honda vt600cd has a 3 valve setup 🙂 revs to 8000 no problem
@@chrisbort6083 mine is a two valves and goes to 11500rpm. It's not a rev limiting factor, but it's for the overall/maximum power.
Two valves on small engines gives stupid high fuel economy tho...
@@TheSilviu8x I got 120 miles on a 1 gallon tank with my go cart. You're not wrong lol
@@TheSilviu8x my tdi is 2 valve per cylinder 6 valve total
Indeed toyota used them back in the days a lot, in several models
Do a list of engines that were designed for motorcycles but ended up in cars. And vice versa
BMW K100
@@hank1556 is that int the i3 Rex?
Nope. MC=lightweight. Car/truck=heavyweight. MC=tight, performance tolerance. Car/truck =loose, reliable tolerance.
@@Ari-pw6nu for example iirc the honda n600 kei cars were made with engines developed for MCs and so does some Fiats. Edit: Honda N360.
Iconic Mazda engines or have you done that i forget seem them all tho man keep them coming
Thank you for the educational and entertaining video post. I always enjoy your vids young man. I remember the oval piston Honda in the early 1980’s. I read the article about it in Cycle World magazine and was amazed by the ingenuity and chutzpah by Honda to try such a rad design. Thanks again
Best of luck 🍀👍🏼to you and your family
Man... u have best videos... just keep going!
Thank you!
That was very interessting! Thanks for the work you put in the video :)
I apreciate it, Niklas!
I love how informational ask your videos are and I appreciate all the hard work you put in to do so
I appreciate that!
The PSA group (Peugeot-Citroen) , in 90's, had 12 Valves 4 cylinder, 3 valves per cylinder, the engine is 2.5 td 12v from Peugeot Boxer our Citroën Jumper.
nice video! (although I secretly love the one valve engiens best)
Yes... only problem is where to put the spark plug! :)
@@cwt5654 Diesel
@Alfred Wedmore These are 2-stroke engines - poppet valve is exhaust only. A true monovalve uses single valve for both induction and exhaust.
@@Jacob-W-5570 Indeed.. the manufactured examples were side-valve (flat head) type but OHV version was planned. Would have been interesting!
@Alfred Wedmore If you assume a 400cc cylinder (75*90mm) with flat head surface using piston bowl combustion chamber and mono valve flush with head face, the bowl would need to be 40cc to reach a compression ratio of 10::1. Assume valve is 45mm diameter, a 50mm diameter bowl would allow a 20mm travel before contact (according to my calculations). For a spark ignition engine this is plenty of clearance but even with compression ignition (15:1) there could be up to 13mm travel. Few engines of normal capacity exceed this amount of valve travel. With regard to restricted breathing, unidirectional valves (reed or flap type) can be fitted allowing separation of incoming and exhaust gases in the chamber preceding the monovalve - exhaust control valve could have heat issues!!
Thanks for the video. Many of those early Alfa Romeo and Bugatti shown in the early parts of the video didn't have 4 valves per cylinder. The Alfa Romeo 6C was 2-valves per cylinder and the Type 35 Bugatti appears to have been SOHC with 3-valves per cylinder. Same is also true in the 1930s, 40s and 50s with the famous Alfa Romeo 158/159 GP cars having 2-valves per cylinder at quite a large angle to each other. This was very common for DOHC racing engines of the 1950s/60s to have 2 valves per cylinder. For the 1960s Alfa Romeo DOHC engine in TZ1, TZ2 and GTA, they were twin plug, but just 2 valves per cylinder. Same with almost every air-cooled production and racing Porsche, including 908 and 917 and most likely the only exceptions were a small number of air-cooled race engines with water cooled heads. The first 3.0L Ferrari 312 F1 engines in 1966 (derived from sports car racing engines) also appeared to be using 2-valves per cylinder and 3-valve and 4-valve versions came later.
Thank you dude 🤩🤩🤩🤩🤩 awesome 🙏🙏🤠❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️😘😘🙏
3:40 The sound of that small 3.5 liter V8 Ferrari 355 never get old.
Glad to see the mitsubishi 5 valve mentioned here
nice vid, thx you so much for that information
As Always your videos are quite informative..
We did love watching it! Thank you so much!
Geometrically, with a single central spark plug, 4 valves maximizes valve area to cylinder bore area ratio if you have zero valve angle. Direct injection, pent-roof and hemispherical head shapes could change this. And then you have practical considerations like valve seats of non-zero dimension, and the geometry of the valve actuation gear, and coolant passages.
I love the Genesis valve system in my Yamaha FZ1. Great design, awesome performance and reliability. Only problem is having to check valve clearances at 16k 🙄. Luckily it's the only big maintainence for a long time
Thank you for the knowledge and the great way you delivered it 🤘🏻
Well narrated, explained, and illustrated.
Have you ever covered "valveless" (knight) engine ? This was a big thing in planes and luxury cars before WWII.
Think they had two or more sleeves with ports like a two stroke, the sleeves went up and down thus allowing intake and exhaust, bit of a strange arrangement sounds complicated.
th-cam.com/video/H2RPNJW_y1E/w-d-xo.html he did cover the sleeve valve engines already. Super fascinating design especially the crecy, the merlin's mental cousin xD
Ahoj, asi pred 12 rokmi som mal yamahu YZF400. motocrossový špeciál, ktorý mal 5 ventilov na valec. Žiaľ to bol aj neskôr kameň úrazu, pretože sa mi jeden ventil zlomil a padol do valca, teda rozbil celý motor. Pri yzf400 boli ventile oceľové, novšie modely mali už titanové :)
You asked about subjects for next videos, then I'll make mine, you could some make video of 6 cylinders motorcycles, their power and mainly their amazing sound, especially the Honda CBX 1050, which I already had the pleasure of riding one
Thanks for this vid. Yamaha's 5 VALVE was perfekt. 4Valve is cheaper and lighter. And today with Turbo engines, you lift the boost pressure and get power. As mech. engineer I miss the 5valve time, Ram intakte and Innovation of engineers. Also the Sound of free breathing R4, R5, R6, V6/VR6(!), V8 or the legandary V10 engines.
Great video as always 🙃
Oettinger presented the first car engine 20 valve with 4 cylinders 1.8T in the VW Corrado. Later they give the knowledge about 20V engines to Audi… long story to tell
Very good video. Thank you.
Excellent video.
Thank you very much!
Good one, cheers
I would like to see a video with single valve per cilynder
7 valve per cylinder sounds insane lol
still sticking to my old skool bandit12 with 4valves per pot
I always wanted to know waht the benefits of a 5 valve layout are. Thanks
Where the single valves at?
Some 2 strokes, maybe?
You need one intake and one exhaust valve so impossible to have only one
@@TheKikosak There was a blueprint I saw for an early engine that used only one valve- it works but not very well
Also theoretically, a closed crankcase 2 stroke like a Detroit diesel could possibly run a single valve
Two strokes dont need valves thats why they are so easy to maintain, but idk about Detroit diesels i only know dirtbike 2 strokes :)
Detroit diesel used conventional exhaust valves in 2 stroke engines. Also some early 4 stroke engines used intake valves controlled by springs like in a piston compressors rather than cams.
Nice!
1.8 20vt smash the like !!
That sound like an F50 at the end.
I love my 85 Fz750
If the 5 valves give more torque, why there's not a 5v diesel?
Would be possible to assign 3 inlet valves (2 smaller, 1 large) on 4 valve head with independent ports...
Honda did something similar with the CVCC of the 1970's. It had a small extra intake valve in addition to the regular two valves.
It’s not the amount of valves you have that counts it’s the amount of flow that gets through valves , so good free flow designed 2 valves engine could be be better than 4 or 5 valve engines, Hondas iVTEC is the best invention in years in non turbo engine.
The highest possible airflow is achieved via two valves per cylinder with hemispherical heads.
4 valve hemispheric heads would like a word..
And I always wondering, why there are no oval valve engine, for example 6 valve engine, the 3 valve for in and exit combined to make oval valve, I know it's ridiculous
0:29 The simplest 4 stroke engine requires 1 valve for intake and exhaust
All engines have at least 2 valves per cylinder; that's multiple valves, ergo...
Actually there are some with only one valve per cylinder
Brilliant video. It's impressive how far this channel has come since I first tuned in.
Thank you, Roland, I appreciate it very much
Same. Been a follower since maybe 2016? Definitely 17
@@VisioRacer still not quite there.. valve .. area equate to port section area & port flow .. there is a measure affecting port bowl & throat flow.. valve perimeter opening area.. for the same valve "head" area.. the valve head perimeter area is measurably more as more valves are used.. giving a faster effective opening.. on top of the more smaller valves can be opened more rapidly for the same engine/cam rpm's.. piston speed is the most limiting factor for engine rpm more so than valve bounce & valve train mechanical resistances
@@VisioRacer your channel does good work, but.. conclusions & reasons for the concepts fruition are misleading.. research into Norton's 2 valve Manx 500 & discover volumetric efficiency multivalve engines can't achieve with effects on diffusing pulse wave energy of pulse tuning exhaust systems.. as with misconceptions of valve "area" .. vs port area .. without consider the valve seat curtain area at the critical choke point of ports .. the valve/port seat opening area 5 valves have over 4 .. effects of 3 inlets doesn't translate across to benefit exhaust valve flow either .. all critical key points missed.. 4-valve design does benefit from being more "tunable" from any base point variation.. but 5 valves have better ultimate potential as a design stand point.
A short stroke 5 valve requires a larger dome for compression, at some point this make the combustion chamber just the collection of the 5 cylindrical valve clearance pockets and this requires huge ignition lead. Yamaha race bikes ended up with 46 degree BTDC timing and this lead to the engine losing torque. Basically they could run high compression for midrange pull or they could open up the combustion chamber and get good combustion near redline. This meant that the competition 4-valve engine either had an advantage coming off the corner or at the end of a long straight; choose your poison. That was the end of racing 5 valve motorcycles. It does work better on the street as fuel quality limits the compression ratio and that allows the lower compression to be effective in the midrange since the 4 valve cannot raise the compression any higher due to fuel quality. Fuel quality really effects engine design.
PS. Talk about the 3-valve engine. I like the Ford V8 and V10 truck motors.
F1 engines have rocker arms and radial valves. With one rocker arm in reverse direction to the camshaft ( like in VR6 ), you could have a radial-5 valve arrangement. Then reduce the dome in the head and keep the piston flat until compression is correct.
You actually like the 3v Tritons? Just about the most problematic engines money can buy
@@loganamurray64 Not near as bad as a 4100 Cadillac.... But you are not wrong. I like the way they run, especially in a truck. Great mid range torque and decent horsepower. Too bad about the spark plugs and....
No clue what you’re saying but it seems intellectual and interesting so I totally wholeheartedly agree
You can always put the combustion dome in the piston and use a flat head.
I know the coyote engines are amazing but I’ve had two aluminum four valve 4.6 litre cars and they felt great but sounded amazing from idle to redline. Another great video, five valves was the most I’d heard of before this. 🔥
I had a 2v and a 3v 4.6 both Mustangs and I think the 3v sounds the best off all 3 4.6 modular engines
I've only heard of 5 valve too since I have one
@@pvrrpghxst7867 you got a ford to run long enough to hear it? lucky dude.
@@chehystpewpur4754
It doesn’t happen much but when it does ya better get out the way or hold on tight depending on where you’re at.
I had a ‘96 Cobra & an ‘03 Mach1. I miss them both but I’m building something better now.
The sound of the Ferrari from around 3:41 is un believable !!!
Great video as always VisioRacer!
Cheers 🍻
The banshee scream of a 355 is one of my favorites!
@@apancher it’s unreal!!! That’s the first time I’ve heard it on board . Savage machine
@@apancher would you say that is the sound of a stock 355 F1 or has it been modified?
@@KingBanter stock they sound good, but not nearly as loud as in the video, sounded really loud and hes on the track so probably no muffler or cats.
@@trianifeA7x yeah I’d say you’re right! I was a passenger in a 458 once and it sounded amazing , but the one in this video is on another level😻
I've had the Audi s6 with 4.2L V8 5v, it was an absolute dream to hear the car on a cold start and to drive it
I hadn't heard of 4 valve flat heads before, that was interesting. A video on flatheads might be fun
There was / is a mass produced 6 valve per cylinder engine, however it's not a car or motorcycle engine but a large diesel used in ships, locomotives and gensets.
It's the Maybach MD series and its MTU siblings still built to this day.
Well known amongst diesel locomotive enthusiasts are the MD650, MD655 and MD870 used in some German (V80, first ten V160 and first ten V200) and British (Warship, Hymek and Western classes) locomotives.
But also used on exports to the US, Thailand and Indonesia to name a few.
The engines have 2 camshafts, one for the intake valves and the other for the exhaust valves, the middle valve of the sets of 3 uses a bit shorter rocker arm than the other 2.
One of the camshafts also operates the direct injection pump/atomizer units which are fitted to each cylinder.
The Maybach uses no conventional diesel pump but it's the system alter advertised by Volkswagen for their "pumpdüsen" car engines, only the Maybach used this system 50 years before VW did!
Hi Tom, these engines are not direct injected, using unit injectors like newer MB 500 truck engines or VW TDI PD engines later, but they have indirect injection through pressure chamber (unlike Ricardo comet swirl chamber, that was typical for Mercedes-Benz prechamber diesels).
I always considered your channel as real great and professional... but this, this comes to a different level honestly. Truly it's a masterpiece of a video.
1.8T babey!!! finally!!!
Never thought I would enjoy a channel specializing on the diversity of internal combustion engines until TH-cam algorithms was kind enough to drop this gem in my feed. The topics are always interesting and very well presented.
That is pleasing to hear, John, thank you
500k looming. Another great vid, thanks
Thank you, Mike!
Machining those oval piston engines must have been quite a task.
@@greatestevar but surely the same is true of ovals as they have two half circles. Actually the perfect anything doesn't exist but the closer to perfection anything will be superior, if worth it in the application.
@@greatestevar That is false on several levels. Circles, even overlapping ones, are typically going to be par easier to get precise. Anything with flat sides and circular features is going to be much harder, though I will admit that with modern high precision cnc machines I don't think it would be too too difficult to make the block and pistons of that engine anymore. Honing would be significantly more difficult, and I have no idea how the rings could be made.
After seeing this video, I love my Audi A4 B5 1.8 20V turbo even more :)
I would love to see a video of snowmobile engines!!
Hey Visio man, I hope you're going to school for automotive engineering or some kind of engineering because you really seem to have a love for the field. I always enjoy your videos!
Thank you, Aaron!
Rotary valves could be an interesting topic to cover at some point. Awesome video!
The Peugeot diagram shows a desmodromic system with valve springs. It is common to use low tension springs in desmodromic systems to ensure the valves fully close. Ducati has always used springs in their desmodromic systems.
Talked with a Ducati tech person at a race, was impressed with the desmodromic system. They had an actual production head to handle!!......they used a valve spring so weak that you could open the valve very easily with your hand. It was explained that the spring was only needed to aid easy starting. Normal running did not require any spring as compression would make the valves properly seal when running.
3:41 damn that sounds good!!
Amazing video!!!!!
Thank you! Good video!
Thank you too!
It always makes me laugh when people talk about overhead cam and multi valves being new technology . Overhead cam is only a few years newer than ohv pushrod .
YAMAHA used 5v for only '02 & '03 GP season. In '02, engine was still fed by carburetor.
Addendum: there is not much info on GE* Evolution Series (A.K.A. GEVO) prime mover (railway & stationary engine) specs, so could you, or someone do a video on the topic?
*Build by Wabtec Corp. since 25 February 2019
Excellent content as always VR.
You asked for a suggestion ref: topics to explore......
I know virtually nothing about a relatively rare phenomenon that, if memory serves, was explored by Alfa Romeo.....
Twin-Spark (was it the AR 33?)....
A video from you covering this subject would be appreciated.
Huge respect for the content 👍
Two other cars using twin spark plugs, Porsche and Smart with the 450 🙂
@@actuallyusingmyrealnameher5061 TY for the reply. Hopefully gives our host something to work with and research. I was unaware of anyone other than Alfa that had looked into this. Respect 👍
I know a few more: there was one or more Mercedes engines and the 13B engine although that is not a piston engine, of course.
@@VisioRacer 13B....
Mazda rotary?
You can have a field day with this one, pal. Respect 👊👍
@@actuallyusingmyrealnameher5061 Ford Rangers with the 2.3 Lima had twinspark setups. So do new Chrysler Hemis.
I feel like 6 and 7 valve setups could be useful in biiig bore marine engines.
You forgot 3-valve.
I always thought the engeneers increased the number of valves only to improve breathing. It's good to know it allows higher redlines too.
I selected my 200cc motorbike simply bcs it had 4valves over its competition which had only 2. I'm now proud of my choice and I will be able to explain it better to my friends when they ask me again the question: "why bother?"
VisioRacer covers it all. Here's one to consider: double-acting two-strokes.
Three valves per cylinder engines are suspiciously absent from your video. Ducati used them in the ST3, giving good low-rev torque similar to the 2-valve ST2, not much less power than the 4-valve ST4 and good fuel economy.
I personally think that a 4v is the sweetspot. simple, cheap, reliable and efficient.
but my 73 Volvo with its 2v is good enough.
Which is better: more valves or bigger valves?
Depends on the use. Best is the balance between both for that use.
More valves = more air = more power, more rev happy, more fuel efficient, more reliable, and lower peak torque RPM
@@rosemaryfriedw124a8 not really, having more valves can mean less air into the engine because you have to make the valves much smaller past 4, so the air moves faster but probably won't get as much air
If you're crazy enough, just use semicircular valves for 100% combustion chamber coverage
@@hughjassstudios9688 that's what I want to see.
Another fantastic video!! Thank you VisioRacer!! Always learn something new. Cheers my friend!!
Wow, now this is a great topic! Thanks VisioRacer, for another awesome video. Keep doing what you do bud! Have a great day.
Thanks, mate!
Another great video👍🏼
Great video and you're 100% right in that smaller valves mean less weight so it gets to rev higher. However it does not increase flow, it increases velocity. Technically it impedes flow because there are more obstacles between port entry and combustion chamber entry. The tiny bit of flow you loose is offset by the amount of port velocity during scavenging when both intake and exhaust valves are open making an incredibly turbulent air/fuel charge while being able to rev to the moon. I love multi valve heads, always drooled over the ohc hemi concept from the 60's
The main variable is air passage area. The area is ultimately given by the imaginary surface of the cylinder that goes from the rim of the open valve to its seat when open. The more air flow you want the greater this variable needs to be because you can't simply force air to move faster and faster, when it reaches the speed of sound you create a choke point and it won't flow in any faster.
The simplest way to do this is more valve lift (increase the height of the air passage cylinder), and that's how it always used to be done and is still done nowadays as a modification for high performance engines (that's what racing cams are), but since the 60s/70s the compression ratio of road engines increased a lot and that limits how much valve lift you can get away with before your pistons are hitting the valves. You can also only fit valves so big before your run out of cylinder head surface (without having to keep making the engine more oversquare which also has disadvantages), ergo more valves - you have more total valve perimeter with two small valves than one big one, for a given available head surface.
From 3 to 4 valves there is a considerable increase in this area, from 4 to 5 a very small one, from 5 to 6 next to none and the extra valve stems in the way actually start to create a choke point of their own.
There is a benefit to more valves that you did not mention and it is one most people don't think of.
More valves gives a greater total valve circumference. This effects gas flow when the valves are partially open ,as they are during most of the cam lift rotation. If you show a graph of the increase of flow as the valves open, the engine with more valves has a steeper curve. This is equivalent to having a really aggressive cam profile ,but without the mechanical problems such a profile would create.
Remember there is flow restriction between adjacent inlet valves but good comment...
I love your videos🙌🏼❤️!!!
I remember reading about this in a book, printed in the 30’s.
I have a RC Buggy scale 1/10 nitrou engine 3.0cc for 3 hp !!! a 49.9cc from small moto have also 3hp for 49.9cc ! amazing no ? imagine a 1600 cc with 1600 hp ?!?
0to 100km/h my buggy eat every "real" car hahaha
You have a super channel and found an untapped audience. Many many people love and are fascinated by all forms of engines as I am. Your production and delivery is excellent. I wonder where we will all go when our fossil fuelled engines are killed. My hope is that hydrogen will be out salvation.
Thanks, Phillip, I am an engine geek as the audience of this channel is and love digging information about weird or interesting engines in any way for you. I even learn more with every new video
Speaking of valves, I'd love to see a video on Koenigsegg Free Valve setup. That engine could change the way we make power from the engines 😃
@Alfred Wedmore free valve is not an expensive setup. Its actually a better and more simple. Instead of cams and springs. You get to electronically inject fuel to the engine thus removing all that junk. So less parts and more power. Less problems. I have a ford f150 and if they ever apply free valve they will definitely change the car game in terms of reliability. Cam phasers suck. Now please do more research and preach the word. Free valve is the next big thing
@Alfred Wedmore NO country can afford vehicle electrification.
@@andyharman3022 Norway would like to have a quick word with you. We are not far off from the time when EVs will be cheaper to build and buy than ICE cars. Everybody in the developed world who has access to a ground floor dwelling has a filling station already installed in their walls.
@@Markle2k If you have a couple of days to charge your EV battery with a 110V cord. Or are you planning to buy two EV's so you have one to drive every day?
@Alfred Wedmore is there a lot of hydroelectric generation in Norway? Or Morth Sea gas and oil?
For the 6 valeves per cilinder engines check out the Maybach MD870 locomotive engine. The 6 valves were used because there is enough space to fit them🤣
Great work.
I already knew most of this because there was a time I was looking into engine valve technology. I can go down some unusual rabbit holes.
There is new technology (FreeValve technology) that can cause a return of 5 valve per cylinder engines.
With a camless design one of the most difficult aspects of having 5 valves is innately dealt with, the 3 intake valves do not have to be mechanically timed.
Excellent video 👍
There is nothing, and I repeat myself: nothing, like an engine built or tuned up by Yamaha.
Gives their tuning fork logo new meaning
You must be joking dude, Honda are the masters of engines..
Suzuki? gsxr 600, 750, 1000 series of engines were the most powerful in the list iirc
Always interesting videos, keep it up
Ducati Desmo valves were quite genius design, it's made valve float thing of the past. Poppet valves is obsolete system, rotating ball valve is much better design, and eliminates the valve float and the right design could increase engine revs a considerable amount.. Also the new electric valve designed by Koenigsegg is impressive. But the ICE is on its last leg so i believe that there will not be much evolution in this department anymore...
Mercedes Has also diferrent Valves the M112 And the M113 With the Petronas Mercedes Technik.. I have an S210 E320 T Kompressor swap and an E55 AMG both cars have only 3 Valves per Cylinder 2 normal in Valves and 1 Big out Valves also the M112& M113 got 2 Sparkplugs per Zylinder the this is because the space whas Not Big in there. The m112 12 Sparkplugs and the m113 16 Sparkplugs....
Another valve configuration we can't forget is the 3 Valve, like Ford's "Totally Reliable" Triton 3V 5.4/4.6L engines.
Also I think some Hondas from the 80s might've had 3 valves.
I think(may be wrong) there was a Ferrari v12 F1 engine with 3 valves.
Yeah.....hate those 3V Ford V8s. And this is coming from a Ford guy lol
Yeah, Honda had some totally forgettable 3 valve models, CB 250/400 SuperDreams etc.
People think the valve area increase is better. There are two valve engines making 1.7ftlbs per cubic inch. Yes valve weight is a benifit at higher RPM but engine stroke can make up for RPM.
On a 4.400" bore space 400ci is about where it's at on a 4.600" bore space 500ci is a good number for a V8.
V12 is okay but the crank gets a little too flexy so V8 is probably the most ideal engine.
If you have a bike you're capacity restricted so 4 or 5 valves are a must.
My 2006 Audi S4 4.2L V8 has five valves per cylinder, interesting to finally hear the reason why Audi switched to four valves per cylinder in the 4.2 RS4 when the rest of the engine geometry is very similar; with the introduction of direct injection they needed more space
Wrong. The first 5 valve engine came from Honda in 1986.
Yamaha beat them by a year, nice try though.
Probably a dumb question but why are valves round? Could you not have just two valves per cylinder but in a half circle shape so that each cylinder would have maximum flow?
4 valves are more efficient. Less friction, less engine weight and same flow. For example the LS7 V8 with only 2 valves is more efficient than the Audi V8 5valve engine.
Could you make a video on the Rover 620Ti/Rover T-Series engine?
Seems like an interesting and underrated performance car, however very little information
With the 6 & 7 valves that Yamaha tested, I wonder if they did what Ferrari did & tried opening was it one valve earlier?
I'm guessing they probably did.