Survival: The Human Diet | Richard Wrangham
ฝัง
- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 20 ก.ย. 2024
- Humans are the only animal whose survival depends on controlling fire. A critical adaptive benefit is that cooking leads to large increases in net energy gain compared to eating our food raw. While cooking originated sometime between two million and four hundred thousand years ago, we still do not know exactly when our ancestors first tamed fire. Regardless of when it began, the control of fire had major consequences for human evolutionary biology by enabling a massive increase in free time, a wider, safer and richer diet, and bigger brains. The fact that humans are the only animals that are adapted to using fire and cooking means that other animals are not necessarily good models for understanding human diet, physiology and disease. Awareness of our unique human adaptation opens the door to improvements in calorie-counting, the prevention of obesity, and legal protection of vulnerable children.
This talk is part of the Survival symposium, a series of talks focusing on evolution and the challenges of building a better, safer and more survivable future.
Watch more of the Survival symposium:
bit.ly/2iKfYRi
Subscribe to The Leakey Foundation channel:
bit.ly/2iDR5GO
Survival was presented by The Leakey Foundation in partnership with Harvard University's Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, NOVA, NOVA Labs, SMASH, and WGBH.
About the speaker:
Richard Wrangham is Ruth B. Moore Professor of Biological Anthropology at Harvard University. He has conducted extensive research on primate ecology, nutrition, and social behavior. He founded the Kibale Chimpanzee Project in 1987. He is best known for his work on the evolution of human warfare, described in the book Demonic Males, and on the role of cooking in human evolution, described in the book Catching Fire: How Cooking Made Us Human. Together with Elizabeth Ross, he co-founded the Kasiisi Project in 1997 and serves as a patron of the Great Apes Survival Partnership (GRASP).
I'm a brazilian reader of Catching Fire and I'm very grateful for this channel uploading contents like this video in a free and global plataform such as TH-cam.Thank you very much and keep up with the great work!
I’m vegan. I don’t hurt animals. 7 years vegan. And I’ve gotten bigger and stronger on a plant-based diet. Scientific fact.
Poor innocent animals. They did nothing wrong. They are innocent. Purely innocent. Over a burger et cetera. Five minute burger....
you can have vegan burgers and vegan chicken and vegan pizza and vegan tacos and vegan burritos and vegan curry....... and it’s good for you.
Think about the victims. Not yourself..... It’s easy being a vegan. Don’t hurt animals. Simple. ✅👍
You can have vegan pizza and vegan curry and vegan burritos and vegan tacos and vegan ice cream............ delicious vegan food on TH-cam...
Former raw foodist here, and I totally agree with everything he said! I recommend his book to all my friends who are still brainwashed about raw food.
Interesting, though I missed mention of Claude Levi-Strauss and his dichotomies raw-cooked, nature-culture, which I took to be the prime topic of the talk.
I think some food can be good raw and some need to be cooked in our diet. A potato is a good example, because we need to cook it, but an orange will be great raw. I doubt that we cooked a lot of fruits in the past, because most of them are great raw and looks bad cooked, unless you want to make a jam, but we've done that only to make fruits available later. We definitely need to cook meat, some vegetables and grains. So I stand in the middle.
Meat do not need to be cooked. It can be eaten raw while fresh, dried, cured or fermented. Even today, we are doing it.
Neanderthals, Denisovans, and Florensis, all also used fire and cooked food as well. It's not a uniquely human practice.
Those are all humans.
It's like saying Blacks, Asians and Hispanics cook food so it isn't uniquely human to do so. When blacks and Asians and Hispanics are all simply different races of humans. 😅
@@SherrickDuncan You're right. I stand corrected.
🤜🏾💥💢💥🤛🏾 ☝🏾🧔🏾👌🏾
That is a real Mans
behavior right there.
@@squatch545
@squatch545 All of these were late in the game. Fire was already "invented" by an earlier homo species before them...the homo erectus.
@@SherrickDuncanThose were different species of homo. What you call blacks or whites today are of the same species....the homo sapiens.
incredible comment-section, we clearly live in a post-knowledge era
15:42 _"They're actually to see to get that law passed."_
- «Statists gonna state»
🤣 the reason why we like cooked food is SALT. Try to eat bread, pizza, salami, meat, fried eggs, hamburger, french fries, pasta and patoes chips without any salt and you will never touch it again. Take out oil to cook it out of the equation (we only use vegtables oil to cook since the early 1900s and fry stuff) and raw and steamed food is almost the only option to go!
And here I thought Prometheus brought us fire.
Trying to drill a hole in wood would get you to fire quick. So who ever did that first. Later Homo Erectus I thought...............Lemmy.
Trying to drill a hole in wood would get you to fire quick. So who ever did that first. Later Homo Erectus I thought. And all the fruits used to be little sour things before a couple hundred yrs. ago.
teeth and colon perfect for fruit. i think we specialized even more on fruit, so we don´t need so much greens anymore.
All the talk about cooking making foods better digestible refer to foods that we shouldn´t eat much anyways. (hard vegetables, meat, grains,...) We needed some culture and technique to survive on these nonideal foods in the past, but today we have the opportunity to get closer to ideal diet again. so lets do this. :D
Science is just another tool that you can use right or wrong. Food is such a emotional subject to most persons, that talking about it and discussing that topic is very hard and often leads nowhere.
Why do i feel shaky if i eat allot of fruit ? I feel much better if the majority of my calories come from sweetpotatoes or lentils .( i was counting calc so i eat enough on the fruit based diet ,. so that was not the problem .)
Fruit has been genetically bred to be more edible. Natural fruit won't give you enough calories. You do not have the colon of an ape.
@@MRrZero This
Please do not listen to the advice in the above comment - unless you want type 2 diabetes, internal inflation, and fatty liver disease. Meat is the correct human diet.
@@advnwo you're not used to it. And you probably eat fat in other meals which prevents sugar entering cells and gives you high blood sugar. This is why people get diabetes. They eat fat.
I eat 10 mangos everyday in one go. No problem
raw animal food is the key!
so is he saying that raw vegans simply need to eat more of the foods that cooking humans eat? if that's the case, there's no need to demonize raw veganism. if a raw potato only delivers 50% of the calories of a cooked potato then raw vegan should simply eat two potatoes
That is a good point, as many people that adopt the raw vegan diet also don't eat as much volume of food as they did before making their diet change.
I think that the combination of less food and completely different foods leads many of these people to malnutrition
He does not say it here, but I think it is a double whammy. If you eat raw food, it takes longer to digest and you digest less. I agree that he should not be trying to demonize people for trying to be healthy; he just has to calmly show why cooking food is efficient and why raw food is less efficient in every possible way.
@@jeijeirenee6330 .. I’m vegan. I don’t hurt animals. 7 years vegan. And I’ve gotten bigger and stronger on a plant-based diet. Scientific fact.
Poor innocent animals. They did nothing wrong. They are innocent. Purely innocent. Over a burger et cetera. Five minute burger....
you can have vegan burgers and vegan chicken and vegan pizza and vegan tacos and vegan burritos and vegan curry....... and it’s good for you.
Think about the victims. Not yourself..... It’s easy being a vegan. Don’t hurt animals. Simple. ✅👍
You can have vegan pizza and vegan curry and vegan burritos and vegan tacos and vegan ice cream.............. delicious vegan food on TH-cam..
@@VeganV5912 talking from a nutritional standpoint, not a moral one. Meat is technically more efficient than plants.
And from a moral standpoint, plants aren't necessarily more morally kind than killing animals for meat. If you live in Canada or any of the far north countries then ALL of your staple fruit and most other produce is being shipped from other countries and who knows how much damage to ecosystems, wildlife, and local people was done to create those mono crops for your vegan meals. You're not morally exempts from causing damage unless you grow your own food.
@@alanandrade2083 an industry has grown up around demonizing cooked food as un-nutritious, unhealthy and even toxic. Parents who impose their dietary obsessions - raw veganism demands considerable effort - on their children risk causing irrecoverable damage to their physical and neurological development. So this is a child protection issue. Yes, there needs to be education, but if people wilfully persist with their fads - and some will - then they do need to be called out because they are neglecting the needs of children who cannot feed themselves.
plenty raw foodists have children just fine. whos really funding this guy? i wouldnt say raw is perfect, i think cooked food is great. but im pretty sure his assessment of raw foodist women is inaccurate.
On the other hand, there're plenty of people who give their children cooked food and yet those children are malnourished.
@@marujitadiaz9019 Only if it's processed crap
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10436305/#:~:text=About%2030%25%20of%20the%20women,high%20loss%20of%20body%20weight.
Just because you encounter information you dislike does not mean that there's a conspiracy against you. You are free to read the information and disagree with the conclusions and the methodology, but accusing the author of being on someone's payroll will simply undermine your own point.
I think he's specifically talking about raw vegans. If you include raw meat the likelihood of mensuration goes up.
Richard Wrangham has made a very important contribution to our understanding of human evolution, but he is wrong about too many calories making people fat. That theory has been disproven. (Of course, that's not his specialty.) Fatness is a matter of hormones and genetics. For example, genetically obese mice will still be fat even on a starvation diet. They will weigh less, but they will still be fatter than a genetically thin mouse. Their bodies deprive other tissues to feed the fat cells. Gary Taubes does an excellent job of explaing this: th-cam.com/video/l59YyXpCT1M/w-d-xo.html
there are small percentages of the population that have a propensity to obesity. these are outliers and should not be part of the analysis. too many calories will make any person MORE fat than they currently are. You must also define "too many calories". What is the person's activity level, what is their resting metabolic rate? Too many calories can only be defined for a specific individual. at one point in life i could lose 3 lbs of fat a week while consuming 2500 calories. super fast metabolism, and i was more active then. As i have aged this is no longer the case. my activity levels and RBM are down and I've had to reduce carb intake accordingly, in order to maintain my weight.
the processes by which the body converts excess lipids, carbs and sugars to body fat in order to store them for times of food scarcity are well understood. Continuous over-consumption, combined with a sedentary lifestyle, will certainly lead to obesity, no matter who you are.
why do i get fat when i eat much, and lose weight when i don't then? Of course it is calorie-based. Try consuming only 1000 calories per day and see what happens over the period of a month.
This man doesn't know how to heal. Raw is most natural.
Dude is clueless.
Oh and you’re not clueless because why?