BRILLIANT????....HE SHOULD TELL ABOUT THE GRAVITATIONAL WAVE (GW) FINDINGS MORE THEN WHAT IS GW...... AFTER PEOPLE FOUND REAL GW FEW YEARS AGO, ONLY THESE WHAT THIS GUY HAS AND CAN TELL US??? .....
I was at this talk and it was brilliant! 🤩 Tried to predict how long into the talk it would be before Einstein’s field equation appeared - predicted 15 minutes and it was 12! 😆
The acceleration of an object in a vacuum such as a star in space is a constant and is equal to the acceleration of the expansion of the universe, This effect creates the elasticity of time and space through the polarity of the equilibrium. Gravitational waves and time dilation are created when acceleration disrupts the acceleration of an object or space in a vacuum, creating vibrational waves of distortion in the equilibrium or elasticity of space. The triangle in curve space extends as a result of the acceleration and expansion of the universe, creating the elasticity of time space itself.
Excellent dissertation. Thank-you. It's a real shame that you put the Q and A behind a paywall, which excludes people who have limited available funds, and who cannot access every channel that they would like to join. Those sessions are often the most informative part of each talk.
We can prove we are ascending through space with the example of reduced gravity aircrafts they provide brief near-weightless environments for training astronauts, conducting research, and making gravity-free movie shots. They create this environment by travelling the same speed as the planets ascension through space effectively cancelling each other out recreating the effect of the original state 0 Gravity. This also proves Gravity is the product of Acceleration and both forces Acceleration (cause) and Gravity (effect) are equivalent in nature.
If we measure distance in light years presumably we could measure it in gravitational years would the measurements differ due to the curveture of space.?
Is the project(Einstein telescope) going to be "adaptive" to incorporate potential new technology discovred or invented during this time(10-15 yrs). Moores law notwithstanding....
Do we need to allow for the effect gravitational waves have on the wobbling/frequency/wavelength of the laser beams used in the distance measurements? measurements
The effect is rather small; the amplitude at the length scale of LIGO is expected to be no more than 10⁻¹⁸ m. Measuring the distance to the Moon the (rare) deviation would be something like 10⁻¹⁶ m - still smaller than a proton.
The detection of gravitational waves has opened a new era in astrophysics, offering insights into the most energetic and mysterious events in the universe, like black hole mergers and neutron star collisions. The Einstein Telescope, a next-generation gravitational wave observatory, aims to revolutionize our understanding of these phenomena. With its advanced sensitivity, the Einstein Telescope is designed to detect gravitational waves with far greater precision and over a wider range of frequencies than current detectors. This will allow scientists to observe deeper into the universe's history, potentially uncovering signals from the early stages of the cosmos and providing crucial information about the nature of black holes, dark matter, and the fabric of spacetime itself.
So, if Wobbly air = sound waves Wobbly electricmagnetic = light waves Wobbly space = gravity waves But, what does the fish see when there is wobbly water?
Why don't they use space for Einstein Telescope, instead of building enormous underground tunnels? Space is cold, there is vacuum and we can stretch the length between lasers and mirrors whatever we want.
@@Safetytrousersanything built on the earth is not only moving through space relative to gravitational waves but also spinning on an axis I bet you could do it with a moving triangle so long as the XY translation/rotation is predictable, like when orbiting the Earth
@@arush000 But the relative positions on Earth remain unchanged. And you have the easy maintenance on Earth. And doing it in space is a whole lot more expensive.
They're working on that. Its called LISA (Laser Interferometer Space Antenna). They think they're going to launch in 2035. They're going to get an equilateral triangle with legs of 50 million km instead of 10 km. Its a different beast entirely. Fortunately, they'll use similar algorithms to interpret their data because they're the same shape. They just move in different ways.
I think space-time began well before physical matter (qusrks/atoms/"stuff") was introduced. Dark matter and energy are the bubble that makes up space-time. We can detect particles and matter, but space-time is not made of that.
Great speaker, very audience friendly. One request that I would make to RI and its lecturers: please reduce the time you spend on the "preface" and tell us more about things we don't know yet. I don't wish to come across as haughty, but we must draw a line at some point and declare that to watch this lecture you must be familiar (at the pop-science level) of GR, or QM, or genetics, or basic chemistry etc., for you to appreciate all the new and exciting things that are being done. And if you are not, please watch one of the earlier lecturers on the topic. There are just too many lectures that get to the meat of the topic only in the last 10 minutes or so. For example, in this lecture, I would have liked to learned about how the ET differs from LIGO; why different sources rumble in different ways; what the difficulties in modelling different kinds of sources are in more detail. Again, I don't wish to come off as rude. This is a feeling that I've had for quite some time and thought I'd get it across now.
Errors in special relativity: According to relativity, I have been told that an object shrinks in length as its velocity increases, Then, for example, if a disk of radius 1m is rotated at the limit speed at which it is not destroyed by centrifugal force, What is the circumference of the disk? What would Einstein say to the above question? In my opinion, in this situation, the special theory of relativity is broken. It is inconceivable that the disk would contract in the direction of rotation.
You ask specifically about Einstein's reaction. He indeed pondered this paradox, and it was probably helpful in developing general relativity. So I'd say it's a good question!
It's a visceral reminder to the audience that the new arenas that the ET shall open-up are beyond the incremental year-to-year progression currently taking place in Physics, and that due to the likely 'big' discoveries that shall be made, these shall very likely be made by people who in 2025 are still very young (as opposed to seasoned & experienced veterans).
We can't see matter at the edge of the universe because it's light has not reached us yet. The red shift increases the further we can see out. What reason do you give for the cause of your light stretching idea?
@@classicalmechanic8914 Because everything around you would have to be shrinking at exactly the same rate, and that process would emit all kinds of sounds. And when observing the cosmos all the cosmos would have to shrinking at the same rate however distant each of the observed things are.
@@Safetytrousers You can't distinct your reference frame shrinking from expanding space. Shrinking does not emit sounds. If shrinking would emit sounds, every object travelling at relativistic velocities would also emit sounds. When observing the cosmos from the perspective of shrinking reference frame, all the cosmos would appear to expand as a consequence of your reference frame shrinking.
@@classicalmechanic8914 James Webb, and earth bound telescopes, can see large structures clearly like nebula. Those never change their size. And the relative positions of stars do not change within our time frame. Not even the most red shifted star appears to move against the closest star. Of course much shrinking material would emit sound, like the creak of a boat. The stresses of change on you and all the material around you would creak and groan, like something getting hot, the tiny expansion of it makes it make a cracking sound. Your idea is crackpot nonsense.
If you can reliably make a distance-measurement whereby the noise-floor is below 10^-15 (m/m)/sqrt(Hz)of a generous room - say 10m x10m, you are the likely winner of the Nobel-prize for Physics for 2025.
I think I figured out Einstein’s Riddle, “Spooky Action” If you want to hear it!! SPACE IS BEING PRESSED UP INTO YOUR FACE CREATING THE ILLUSION OF TIME.”
How does that create an 'illusion' of time? Not all of space is pressed up to everyone's face. Everything exists within spacetime. Can you move your body? Did this video happen all at the same time for you?
Errors in general relativity: Gravity is stronger near the poles than near the equator. According to general relativity, time is slower where gravity is stronger than where it is weaker. However, for example, the time at longitude 0 is the same from the North Pole to the South Pole and does not change no matter how much time passes. Therefore, it is obvious that general relativity is false.
Wrong. Clocks do go at different speeds around the Earth due to gravitational time dilation. And satellites have to compensate for their time going appreciably faster.
Some of us don't work in astrophysics. Some of us are young, and this is new. Some of us don't mind a refresher. Some of us like to see a different approach. So, who T.F. are you? P.S. You weren't forced to watch. Didn't you used to be the disruptive idiot at the back of the classroom? 😂
It's an illustration used to convey a concept. How exactly would you draw a picture of warped four-dimensional spacetime? You could also complain that the relative sizes of the Sun and Earth are incorrect. Or the distance. Or the brightness. Or the fact that there isn't actually a grid of green lines floating in space. Or that the Earth isn't correctly tilted on its axis relative to the plane of its orbit.
@@andywest5773 -I know the author wanted to convey the concept of curvature of space, but this way is completely wrong! It suggests that space is curved by mass, which is not true. There is a completely different, correct way of presenting this.
@@wmwilliam67 It shows the effect of gravity as stretching an imaginary grid of space in a single direction. Gravity is a distortion of 4D spacetime, but our ability to depict that in two dimensions is limited. In the image, the warping of space is extremely exaggerated, and time dilation isn't shown at all. That is incorrect. It's only meant to give you a vague idea of the concept, because there's no good way to demonstrate it without math.
Brilliant speaker and lecture thank you
BRILLIANT????....HE SHOULD TELL ABOUT THE GRAVITATIONAL WAVE (GW) FINDINGS MORE THEN WHAT IS GW...... AFTER PEOPLE FOUND REAL GW FEW YEARS AGO, ONLY THESE WHAT THIS GUY HAS AND CAN TELL US??? .....
Outstanding teacher. One of the best description of the basic attributes of the universe I’ve heard.
Thank you RI for always having interesting topics with amazing speakers.
I was at this talk and it was brilliant! 🤩 Tried to predict how long into the talk it would be before Einstein’s field equation appeared - predicted 15 minutes and it was 12! 😆
The acceleration of an object in a vacuum such as a star in space is a constant and is equal to the acceleration of the expansion of the universe, This effect creates the elasticity of time and space through the polarity of the equilibrium. Gravitational waves and time dilation are created when acceleration disrupts the acceleration of an object or space in a vacuum, creating vibrational waves of distortion in the equilibrium or elasticity of space. The triangle in curve space extends as a result of the acceleration and expansion of the universe, creating the elasticity of time space itself.
An excellent lecture.
Great Lecture thank you
Excellent dissertation. Thank-you.
It's a real shame that you put the Q and A behind a paywall, which excludes people who have limited available funds, and who cannot access every channel that they would like to join. Those sessions are often the most informative part of each talk.
It's pretty fair tho, they have to make money to keep doing this and what we do get for free is like 85% of it
We can prove we are ascending through space with the example of reduced gravity aircrafts they provide brief near-weightless environments for training astronauts, conducting research, and making gravity-free movie shots. They create this environment by travelling the same speed as the planets ascension through space effectively cancelling each other out recreating the effect of the original state 0 Gravity. This also proves Gravity is the product of Acceleration and both forces Acceleration (cause) and Gravity (effect) are equivalent in nature.
ENTERTAINING, INFORMATIVE, EXTREMELY WELL PREPARED! BRAVO!!
Excellent and enthusiastic speaker. A bit more time on the details of the Einstein telescope would be great. I do know where to find it though.
Great talk
That was really cool. Thankyou
Member's early release, thanks again RI!
Thanks so much for your continued support!
@@TheRoyalInstitution couldn't do it without you 🤩
The first half leaves the impression that space is curved ("train tracks"). But space is not curved, it's spacetime that's curved.
That was awesome!
If we measure distance in light years presumably we could measure it in gravitational years would the measurements differ due to the curveture of space.?
the speed of light and gravity are both simply aspects of spacetime
Is the project(Einstein telescope) going to be "adaptive" to incorporate potential new technology discovred or invented during this time(10-15 yrs). Moores law notwithstanding....
Einstein Telescope ❤
Do we need to allow for the effect gravitational waves have on the wobbling/frequency/wavelength of the laser beams used in the distance measurements? measurements
The effect is rather small; the amplitude at the length scale of LIGO is expected to be no more than 10⁻¹⁸ m. Measuring the distance to the Moon the (rare) deviation would be something like 10⁻¹⁶ m - still smaller than a proton.
No.
that's how it works
Do you know the Universal Retro Expansivity Theory?
Too bad there was no question and answer period shown afterwards.
The detection of gravitational waves has opened a new era in astrophysics, offering insights into the most energetic and mysterious events in the universe, like black hole mergers and neutron star collisions. The Einstein Telescope, a next-generation gravitational wave observatory, aims to revolutionize our understanding of these phenomena. With its advanced sensitivity, the Einstein Telescope is designed to detect gravitational waves with far greater precision and over a wider range of frequencies than current detectors. This will allow scientists to observe deeper into the universe's history, potentially uncovering signals from the early stages of the cosmos and providing crucial information about the nature of black holes, dark matter, and the fabric of spacetime itself.
So, if
Wobbly air = sound waves
Wobbly electricmagnetic = light waves
Wobbly space = gravity waves
But, what does the fish see when there is wobbly water?
Nothing,unless the fish is a dolphin 🐬
Why don't they use space for Einstein Telescope, instead of building enormous underground tunnels? Space is cold, there is vacuum and we can stretch the length between lasers and mirrors whatever we want.
partially probably if anything goes wrong you'd need a multi million dollar mission to send someone up to fix it
@@Safetytrousersanything built on the earth is not only moving through space relative to gravitational waves but also spinning on an axis
I bet you could do it with a moving triangle so long as the XY translation/rotation is predictable, like when orbiting the Earth
@@arush000 But the relative positions on Earth remain unchanged. And you have the easy maintenance on Earth. And doing it in space is a whole lot more expensive.
They're working on that. Its called LISA (Laser Interferometer Space Antenna). They think they're going to launch in 2035. They're going to get an equilateral triangle with legs of 50 million km instead of 10 km. Its a different beast entirely. Fortunately, they'll use similar algorithms to interpret their data because they're the same shape. They just move in different ways.
@@IsYitzach If i'm not mistaken, Sabine Hossenfelder did a video explaining this too..
I think space-time began well before physical matter (qusrks/atoms/"stuff") was introduced. Dark matter and energy are the bubble that makes up space-time. We can detect particles and matter, but space-time is not made of that.
This would have been better with a much shorter introduction (5 min instead of 30 min) and more time spent on the details of the telescope.
I imagine the presenter's choice was determined by the average age of the audience.
Or the average IQ? It's like 90-110, only 2% of us have one higher than 120!
You forgot to mention the words ‘I think…’
@@Joetjoeppuntkom Ik moest echt drie keer uw naam teruglezen - Jo en Joep? ..iig, "fair point!"
Great speaker, very audience friendly.
One request that I would make to RI and its lecturers: please reduce the time you spend on the "preface" and tell us more about things we don't know yet. I don't wish to come across as haughty, but we must draw a line at some point and declare that to watch this lecture you must be familiar (at the pop-science level) of GR, or QM, or genetics, or basic chemistry etc., for you to appreciate all the new and exciting things that are being done. And if you are not, please watch one of the earlier lecturers on the topic.
There are just too many lectures that get to the meat of the topic only in the last 10 minutes or so. For example, in this lecture, I would have liked to learned about how the ET differs from LIGO; why different sources rumble in different ways; what the difficulties in modelling different kinds of sources are in more detail.
Again, I don't wish to come off as rude. This is a feeling that I've had for quite some time and thought I'd get it across now.
Errors in special relativity:
According to relativity,
I have been told that an object shrinks in length as its velocity increases,
Then, for example, if a disk of radius 1m is rotated at the limit speed at which it is not destroyed by centrifugal force,
What is the circumference of the disk?
What would Einstein say to the above question?
In my opinion, in this situation, the special theory of relativity is broken.
It is inconceivable that the disk would contract in the direction of rotation.
To learn more, look into the Ehrenfest paradox.
Read the book reletivity visualized you will get your answer
You ask specifically about Einstein's reaction. He indeed pondered this paradox, and it was probably helpful in developing general relativity. So I'd say it's a good question!
If the circumference isn’t pi times the diameter, space is curved.
Well said for a guy in a Simon Cowell Baby Gap t-shirt
I was a bit jealous of their amazing physique, and I imagine you were too.. ;)
Please tell that what's the meaning of Nobel prize winner of 2040 ?
It is already largely meaningless
It's a visceral reminder to the audience that the new arenas that the ET shall open-up are beyond the incremental year-to-year progression currently taking place in Physics, and that due to the likely 'big' discoveries that shall be made, these shall very likely be made by people who in 2025 are still very young (as opposed to seasoned & experienced veterans).
Universe does not expand. Wavelenghts of light stretch but that does not necessary means universe expands.
We can't see matter at the edge of the universe because it's light has not reached us yet. The red shift increases the further we can see out. What reason do you give for the cause of your light stretching idea?
@@Safetytrousers How do you know you are not shrinking and the wavelength of the light stay the same length?
@@classicalmechanic8914 Because everything around you would have to be shrinking at exactly the same rate, and that process would emit all kinds of sounds. And when observing the cosmos all the cosmos would have to shrinking at the same rate however distant each of the observed things are.
@@Safetytrousers You can't distinct your reference frame shrinking from expanding space. Shrinking does not emit sounds. If shrinking would emit sounds, every object travelling at relativistic velocities would also emit sounds. When observing the cosmos from the perspective of shrinking reference frame, all the cosmos would appear to expand as a consequence of your reference frame shrinking.
@@classicalmechanic8914 James Webb, and earth bound telescopes, can see large structures clearly like nebula. Those never change their size. And the relative positions of stars do not change within our time frame. Not even the most red shifted star appears to move against the closest star. Of course much shrinking material would emit sound, like the creak of a boat. The stresses of change on you and all the material around you would creak and groan, like something getting hot, the tiny expansion of it makes it make a cracking sound.
Your idea is crackpot nonsense.
We can build a ET Teleskop in the size of a Living room, BTW! We don't need much ground. Only saying!
If you can reliably make a distance-measurement whereby the noise-floor is below 10^-15 (m/m)/sqrt(Hz)of a generous room - say 10m x10m, you are the likely winner of the Nobel-prize for Physics for 2025.
@@AdityaMehendale Of course I could, and with a bigger distance than estimated
What can’t RI hire an audio engineer? I am tired of hearing breathing interspersed with the occasional lecture.
So hold your breath while listening. Where's the problem?
I think I figured out Einstein’s Riddle, “Spooky Action” If you want to hear it!! SPACE IS BEING PRESSED UP INTO YOUR FACE CREATING THE ILLUSION OF TIME.”
How does that create an 'illusion' of time? Not all of space is pressed up to everyone's face. Everything exists within spacetime. Can you move your body? Did this video happen all at the same time for you?
Errors in general relativity:
Gravity is stronger near the poles than near the equator.
According to general relativity, time is slower where gravity is stronger than where it is weaker.
However, for example, the time at longitude 0 is the same from the North Pole to the South Pole and does not change no matter how much time passes.
Therefore, it is obvious that general relativity is false.
Wrong. Clocks do go at different speeds around the Earth due to gravitational time dilation. And satellites have to compensate for their time going appreciably faster.
That’s cute. Please hand in your GPS at the door.
You conclusion violates relativity because your assumptions do: GR does not say time dilation depends on field strength.
Video too long; did not watch! Please shorten and summarize!
Comment too dumb, did not read! Please rewrite and delete!
@@MrBitterman75 you are too clever for me!
Didn’t say anything new, and some of his analogies were wrong!
Which ones?
Some of us don't work in astrophysics. Some of us are young, and this is new. Some of us don't mind a refresher. Some of us like to see a different approach. So, who T.F. are you?
P.S. You weren't forced to watch.
Didn't you used to be the disruptive idiot at the back of the classroom? 😂
45:40 why does this guy keep anthropomorphizing the color spectrum when it comes to heating elements?
Chemicals don't "like" colors.
it's an analogy of the photoelectric effect for those without a physics degree.
11:45. Completely incorrect graphical representation of gravity.
It's an illustration used to convey a concept. How exactly would you draw a picture of warped four-dimensional spacetime? You could also complain that the relative sizes of the Sun and Earth are incorrect. Or the distance. Or the brightness. Or the fact that there isn't actually a grid of green lines floating in space. Or that the Earth isn't correctly tilted on its axis relative to the plane of its orbit.
In what way is it incorrect?
Yes, I'm curious too on how the illustration is wrong. Please tell us.
@@andywest5773 -I know the author wanted to convey the concept of curvature of space, but this way is completely wrong! It suggests that space is curved by mass, which is not true. There is a completely different, correct way of presenting this.
@@wmwilliam67 It shows the effect of gravity as stretching an imaginary grid of space in a single direction. Gravity is a distortion of 4D spacetime, but our ability to depict that in two dimensions is limited. In the image, the warping of space is extremely exaggerated, and time dilation isn't shown at all. That is incorrect. It's only meant to give you a vague idea of the concept, because there's no good way to demonstrate it without math.
Koekoek is a wild name. Cool video.
It means cuckoo.