Nicolae Ceausescu LAST SPEECH
ฝัง
- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 27 ส.ค. 2011
- Nicolae Ceaușescu (Romanian pronunciation: [nikoˈla.e t͡ʃe̯a.uˈʃesku]; 26 January 1918 -- 25 December 1989) was a Romanian Communist politician. He was Secretary General of the Romanian Communist Party from 1965 to 1989, and as such was the country's second and last Communist leader. He was also the country's head of state from 1967 to 1989.
His rule was marked in the first decade by an open policy towards Western Europe and the United States, which deviated from that of the other Warsaw Pact states during the Cold War. He continued a trend first established by his predecessor, Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej, who had tactfully coaxed the Soviet Union into withdrawing its troops from Romania in 1958.[1]
Ceaușescu's second decade was characterized by an increasingly brutal and repressive regime-by some accounts, the most rigidly Stalinist regime in the Soviet bloc. It was also marked by an ubiquitous personality cult, nationalism and a deterioration in foreign relations with the Western powers as well as the Soviet Union. Ceaușescu's government was overthrown in the December 1989 revolution, and he and his wife were executed following a televised and hastily organised two-hour court session.[2]
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolae_...
Credits to: „Videograms of a Revolution" by Harun Farocki.
În balcon:
Iulian Vlad (șeful Securitatii)
Emil Bobu (agent de influență)
Gianu Bucurescu (comandantul desemnat al „evenimentului", General de Securitate)
Elena Ceauşescu
Nicolae Ceauşescu
Manea Mănescu (agent de influență)
He opened his address by sending his sincerest revolutionary wishes to the crowd. They ultimately sent those wishes right back his way.
Ahahah
Very good comment, you deserve more likes.
"Yo, Nick, can you say that again to this monkey's paw?"
Did they though? The majority?
@@70ajc You think that a revolution must be kicked off by the majority ? Simple thoughts. You have been brainwashed by modern speak.
I love the look on Ceausescu’s face when he knew the people turned on him. Every leader everywhere in the world should fear the people, not the other way around.
The Roman emperor Nero only feared one thing ......... an angry Roman croud. He fled for an angry croud and gave to a slave the order to kill him to avoid falling in the hands of the croud. Hitler committed suicide too. Napoleon was on Saint Helena Island. What will happen to Mister Putin??
@@hollandmeester347 European history has shown that tyrants and dictators tend to meet grisly ends. Look at what happened to Musolini in the end. Perhaps one thing that is consistent among all dictators is their delusion of reality. This is evidenced by the fact they don't learn from history
@@sohaybmegraoui2050 Enemies of Europe like Napoleon, Hitler, Musolini and Putin are doomed to fail. First they are succesful, then they have failures and then they face defeat. At the long end Putin will loose and will be called the Sick man of Europe......
@@hollandmeester347 He, like Lennon and Stalin, will be enshrined in Lennon’s tomb. And like Stalin, a new leader will remove his body and bury him in a grave with a footnote in Russian history as a corrupt leader.
It is impossible to understate the brutality of the Ceauescu’s regime.
"Please sit down!" There are no chairs and everyone is standing. This guy was a comedic genius!🤣
@Cypher I'm Romanian. "Asezativa linistit" poate e expresie bucuresteana. La noi in Bistrita asta se intelege mai literal.
@@tinytownsoftware3837 knowing romanian language doesnt make u romanian.
@@QWERTY-gp8fd I said "I'm Romanian". In English that means that I was born in Romania. Not quite sure what you understood.
@@tinytownsoftware3837 u did not born in romania u are just pretending
@@QWERTY-gp8fd And how do you know this exactly?
I was in Germany then, a French TV streamed astounding coverage for hours including the executions. I'll never forget it - I was also astonished the many interviews by the TV channel - so many Romanians on the streets spoke excellent French.
This was common then. I was doing 4 hours of french language per week then. Now it is more english focused.
Romania is a francophil nation. Around 30% of our language contains words from french. France supported our independence, and we supported France in the franco-prusian war. And we were allies in ww1. General Henry Berthelot is a national hero in Romania. The first time in our history, when it was declared a day of national mourning, it was for Napoleon the 3rd. There are many more, but i try to keep it short for a yt comment. Peace! 🎉
It's normal for Romanians to be proficient in Italian, but French proficiency is also not surprising
I was kid back then. I remember my father came back home shot in the leg. My father was a captain in the army was sent to defend the Airport to keep Ceausescu from leaving. My mother a doctor was kept at the hospital. I was home. Outside it was chaos, people shouting, you could hear gun shots. That's all I remember.
Thank you so much for sharing your memories. You've experienced the important history of your country.
So, was Romania under Ceausescu really so terrible ? Has he been unfairly demonized ?
@@70ajc it wasn't that bad. It wasn't North Korea. People had jobs, apartments, going to the mountains, sea side, safe streets. People had enough with the lack of diversity. Shops mostly empty, standing in line at supermarkets. Ceausescu was fooled by the security services, when he was visiting a supermarket for example they were filling it up, everyone had smiling faces. He didn't know the reality. There are people who miss that era so that should say a lot. There were no homeless. They were building apartment buildings for everyone, everyone was working. Some people were different and they wanted freedom, some moved away in USA and Western Europe. I don't believe Ceausescu needed to be executed. The people who were responsible for all the bad were mostly the secret services, Russian Influences and a few figures from the political stage that in the end, killed Ceausescu. It was an immense pressure from the outside, Romania had zero debt and Soviet Russia wanted Ceausescu dead or brought down from his title of head of state. Ceausescu wasn't a fan of what Soviet Russia was doing and so it became hated by the Russians but appreciated by the western world. And that was the first step in Romania becoming a friend or so called friend of USA, starting with the president of USA at that time visiting Romania for the first time. That was the end Romania being influenced by Soviet Russia. Basically changed sides, went on the western aide. It's not like Romania had a choice, as a nation Romania was never a fan of Russia, it was simply in a position, in a geographic location where Russia was too close.
@@zorilaz Thank you for that balanced overview. I was a naive teenager when all this happened but even then, I was shocked by the murder of the Ceausescu's and the very biased coverage in the UK. It's something that has stayed with me. As well as wondering if Romania giving up on the vision of a balanced and equal society for the boom and bust, and unbalanced, nature of capitalism was really in the best interests of their people as a whole.
@@70ajc no he was terrible mate. He destroyed our economy, whole country was religiously suppressed, for the last bit of his rule we had to go under rations and most of our people were starving, and he was just a shit ruler who literally killed his own people and thats why the army and the people turned on him. I remember hearing about people in my city being taken away and never heard from again if they spoke against him in any way. Moreover, many don't know this but he gave his wife the highest doctor honors in Romania even though she barely passed high school. Hope that gave you an insight
If only he had said 'Alo' one more time, they would have calmed down and he'd still be alive.
@Tom You missed the joke, my friend.
zvczvcvzxcv yeah he missed it because we all know Ceausescu is immortal
One more alo and 120 year old ceausescu would be up there today
@Timmy Gorbachev Ceausescu was born in 1918, so he, theoretically could be still alive, as he would have been 102...the current world's oldest living person, is a Japanese woman born in 1903...she's old enough to be Ceausescu's mother...
Thats how i think when i make decisions in life i always regret and blame myself
I remember this happening on all the news programs and I think that it was the perfect definition of “being on the wrong side of history”.
agree 100 per cent
Все диктаторы совершают одну и ту же ошибку - им кажется , что они бессмертные и неуязвимые...
Но все они плохо заканчивают свою жизнь. Ничему их история не учит.
Моль также закончит. Гаага , в принципе, неплохой для него вариант. Сука, крассная. Как же я ненавижу этого пидара!
@@Slayer-sr2zm пидар везде видит пидаров, ах ты, проказница
@@Slayer-sr2zm там, где я живу наоборот - повсюду его обожатели .
Причём, разных возрастов.
"Кто, если не он?"
"Россию с колен поднял"
"Только с ним Россию стали уважать и бояться"
А когда их просишь более конкретные примеры привести, то они начинают психовать.
"
@@nadiv4 Бояться?! Кого? Эту моль?! Россияне просто по своей натуре ссыкуны и рабы. Вы и Кабздырова боитесь. Мы, воины ВСУ, вас презираем.
@@Slayer-sr2zm ну, украинцы в этом плане ничуть не лучше. Послушайте, что говорит ваш Арестович. Он в открытую говорит, что народ Украины очень истеричный и легко управляемый. И что власть Украины вас, простых украинцев, вообще за людей не считает, а просто использует в своих целях.
Так что особой разницы между двумя этими народами нет. Особенно это становится заметно, когда русские и украинцы обвиняют друг друга в одном и том же. Два не очень любящих думать народа.
“We must demonstrate our strength and unity...”
“No, no, not by overthrowing me! HELP!”
1:40
The guy in the hat looks like a gangster.
Well, come to think of it...
@Cal Devans the Cadre doesn't look bothered but confused and scarrd knowing that he losed the power he tought would have it forever
@Cal Devans The Cadre He fled into the wilderness immediately after the speech. 4 days later, he was caught and executed by firing squad.
Pretty sure he was scared shitless.
@@HooDatDonDar Honestly? I have no idea who he was but I would bet you were not far from truth. Possibly one word of his and someone could be pulled out of home and never come back...
@@rafanana0077 Well. He possibly could have it forever but he (like other commie camrades f..d up).
This is a fascinating historical document, the downfall of a leader on tape.
I found this video and I really do not understand anything !!! th-cam.com/video/rH3I_Yvf7jc/w-d-xo.html😨
Hallo “ allo”
"Leader" would give him a special name, I'd say "dictator" or "tyrant"
@@detectiemetalebuzau9927 Want me to explain?
@@MehMoTronic3Official leader is a more general term, presidents,kings,dictators.... are all leaders,
An incredible important moment in history. When a tyrant realizes he is no longer feared!
Ah, it warms the soul, doesn't it? 😊
Putin should take heed!
@@messrsandersonco5985 don't see how he's not in complete control of Russia. It's not teetering on the brink of collapse like Romania, in fact its economy is doing way better than anticipated.
The crowd screaming was just people panicking because theyve been shot at, it was probably intentionally done by the CIA
@@YouAintGotNoTegridyBoi I wonder if the slow death Russia is currently facing is worse than the quick one Romania went through.
It's really amazing how he went from cruel tyrant to helpless Oldman
One of the greatest things ever broadcast on live TV honestly.
@Quily Aston let's hope.
@@owenwexler7214 Why?
@@dejowada why not
@@Mihai769 very construcitve reply
Dictator Trudeau should watch this
Legend says he's still shouting "Alo"
Ha.
It’s Hallo or hello
Hallo allo hello ??!
@@gaygambler no its alo which means hey. It's used to get the attention of others
where are you the "HERO"?
Even after all these years i get a huge amount of satisfaction watching this.
You are so stupid! This is all a lie, there was no revolution, the Western powers set it all up!
Me too! I come here when I need a little warm and fuzzy feeling. I love watching bad guys go down.
I was only 14 when this happened. I remember seeing it on television. My father was happy about it. With all of the suffering that was caused by these 2 for over 2 decades. Romania was far better after. I know now living in America for the last 26 years that something like this would never happen here. Although it seems like this current regime is about as corrupt as they come. It all comes down to accountability.
Why did people suffer for 2 decades. Who initiated this in the 2 hours in crowd? Was it a collective mindset?
@@karana2260 romanians suffered from communism since 1947 under Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej, till '89 when we shot Ceausescu, no one stepped up because "Securitatea" something like the romanian KGB would put you in prisons if you dared to speak out, censorship was the biggest issue of the communism regime alongside other negative social effects like empty stores, forced labour manifested as "Colectivul", The Collective, in the country, where adults and kids would work the fields for the state. The revolution started in Timisoara in the western side of the country and culminated at Bucharest in the eastern very quickly, with the execution of the general secretary of the Romanian Communist Party. Romania suffered for 40 years because no one dared to speak up until they united as one. Ceausescu and Gheorghiu-Dej were pawns of the Security which itself was a pawn of the Russian influence, Ceausescu leaning towards Western influence thus gaining the American "friendship" and the russians wanted him dead anyways, we just sped things up.
We need a good flushing in America🐀
@@karana2260 All families were forced to have at a minimum, 5 children. After the fall, the families couldn't afford to take care of the excess children, so they were put into state-run orphanages, where life was even worse.
There was no food to feed the kids, so they started to supplement nutrition with blood transfusions. Keep in mind that this was in the 80's when the world was introduced to H.I.V AND A.I.D.S. Ceausescu believed that A.I.D.S. was a western problem they wouldn't have to deal with, so they never tested the blood, and it led to the largest outbreak of both diseases in Eastern Europe. It'll take decades to fix what the communists destroyed.
Jan. 6, 2021. No, it could never happen here 😮
My girlfriend in the late 80's in Chicago was born and raised in Bucharest, Romania. She immigrated to the U.S as a ten year old child with her mother, sister, and brother, along with her Uncles family, not long after her father was arrested and disappeared in Bucharest. She said her father was a simple factory worker, ten hours per day, six days a week. He drank, and when he did, she said, he would often talk badly about the government, meaning Ceausescu....One late night the police banged on the door. They told her father that he didn't even need a coat, "you will be coming directly home", she told me she heard a policeman say. But she said her father, whom she'd never seen cry, was crying, telling her mother to take good care of the kids. She never saw her dad again. No word, no nothing. Ceausescu was a piece of shit murderer. He got what he deserved
That is exactly what commies told people and their family when they took away someone in my country (hungary) during the soviet regime. Fucking commies.
you forget to mention that the "soviet regime" was installed in hungary after it invaded the soviet union in 1941, killing millions. there is no comparison of juche romania and "soviet" hungary. moreover, hungary has gone back to its roots as a fascist far right dictatorship even today, something a Soviet tank army would have never allowed to happen.
BOBAH БОСС ЖМУР I think we’re talking more about the Soviet invasion in 1956 after Hungary tried to become a democratic country. Then the Soviets massacred all the civilians. Despicable commies
Exactly
@Pedro Vaz pure nonsense-compare and contrast the difference between living under Soviet or communism to American influenced regimes. You'll find that not, any American influenced governments fell and people have democracy, same cannot be said of communist countries where it's utter misery as proven here in Romania under this fraud tyrant ceaucescu.
“A river cuts through rock, not because of its power, but because of its persistence.”
Well said man
That's powerful thank you.
And its power...
Now, in 2023, the people of Romania suffer the very extreme cruel tyranny of the Satanic European Union
1989年は大事件が多かったですが、年末のルーマニア革命は衝撃的でした。
When he told his people they would have to sacrifice even more, the collective anger rose up with such intensity that his time was up. You can see it in his face.
That look on his face when he realizes he lost the country is priceless.
He looks so out of it, it's like a bad sitcom.
too bad current imbeciles learnt nothing. Especially in USA.
Condoleezza Rice mention this in a speech she delivered and called it The Ceausescu Moment.
@@penalozaur Don't be so sure. More and more people are waking up here.
@@millenniumman75 They.Elected.... BIDEN. They accept 100k covid economic migrants pushed down their throats every month. Cartels control the southern border and threaten landowners there. Elections in 2022 should be a republican landslide and instant deportation like when Donnie was there. Otherwise we'll regret Ceaușescu. At least, this guy wouldn't accept such vile evil.
He hadn't the slightest idea what's going on, he just lived in the bubble for twenty-five years.
@Cal Devans The Cadre He had no idea that people hate him. It happens in dictatorships, that leader isn't given true information by the officials, because keeping their positions is most important to them. So they try very hard to make matters look fine
Without the right to speak freely against a government and have a public debate of contrasts, you can't claim there's much validity to public "approval."
@Cal Devans The Cadre I was born in a soviet country and I can tell that all you say is bullshit
@Cal Devans The Cadre He thought that it was a demonstration for him, not against. He realized way too late, as you can see in his speech. I think the book "Democratizing Capitalism" also mentioned that, but it's been a while since I read it. I did a 2 week long project on this guy and believe me, he was totally oblivious to the situation.
Unconnected fun fact:
His death was determined way before his trial. They even went as far, as accusing him of 60.000 deaths during the revolution, even though it was just 1100
@Cal Devans The Cadre Just like Bulgaria.
The world have many of them now, unfortunately
Some of those are hiden wolfs in sheep cloth pretending they are defenders of freedoms!
Its not just Putin, its Bill Gates aswel, Elon Musk and Joe Biden, and the Obama team, Macron, Von Der Lier, Netaniahu the assasin, Trudeau, they all dictators and criminals of freedoms and the destroyers of democracy, those evils who forced the ppl to get vaccinated with evil tech vaccines, the mark of the beast from the bible!
This will culminate with the destruction of the western civilization, soon will come ww3 and the first targets will be U.S/UK and The Vatican, they will be nuclear ashes, the bible prophecy never fails.
@@AparatorulPoporului
"the bible prophecy never fails"
Which version of Christianity are you referring to?
They are actual destroyers of this world.
All satanic governments everywhere.
@@AparatorulPoporului schizo
@@AparatorulPoporului
The Truth is the truth
¡Have you a very nice night Mr. AparatorulPoporului!
The Great Saint, the Great Valiant and Patriot Mr. Ceacescu defended the authentic National Sovereignty of Romania
Now, in this 2023 age, the very Satanic and pervert euro bureaucracy of the Euroepan Uunion enslaves and subjugates the defenseless people of the Balkans
When the Devilish EU imposes many many obligations on them
However, the pervert EU does not give them rights and treats them like second class european citizens
I read a book that said the disturbance was caused by someone who got up and shouted, “ Timisoara!” in reference to the police crackdown that had occurred there, and it lit some sort of fuse. The people had had enough of him and he got what was coming to him.
I hope that person is proud!
Mr. Ceaușescu that was a great and inspiring speech, thank you. Would you and Mrs Ceaușescu be so kind as to stand over at that wall so we can uhhhh...'take a picture', please thank you!
:D
They had us in the first half, not gonna lie!
"Don't mind the flash"
Idiot
I'm dead 😭🤣🤣🤣 may his soul R.I.P.
When cheer shifts to angry roar; when fear fades away, the dictator trembles.
Well said.
I remember I was 10 years old when the Ceaușescu couple was executed, and I still remember that I was allowed to watch the news here in Norway, showing the dead bodies of them, on the news by my father, because it was a historical event, when communism was falling. I'm still very grateful for this, and felt it made an interest in politics and history inherent in me.
Same in Hungary.... I was ten. I was reading a book for children. IT was about a revolution of underwater creaters.. they had a dictator and they fought for their freedom. I was very suprised thet the book was available in Hungary. As the revolution started the book, the revolution happened in Bucharest. I remember my parents were talking about IT Románia earlier they were talking when the Romanian Dictator would be sent away. We knew the day was close... But IT came earlier that they thought.
@@nikocat2008 I'm glad both Romany and your own Hungary are free, democratic countries today, and part of the same Europe as me here in Norway. If I had the health for it, I would travel to Ukraine and help push back the Eastern, corrupt, criminal dictatorship of Russia. The same time I really, honestly hope that Russians might experience soon to also be part of the same Europe as us.
@@elvenkind6072 Ukriane used to have the same political system like Russia. They insult the Hungarian minorities who lived there for hundreds of years.
I very sorry for the Ukrainen people. They were attacked because of idiotic politicians.
I hate the West to pretend to support them... But they do not give them enough weapons to win.... And did not let them to agreed with Russians.
IT is like 1956 revolution in Hungary. They told is to fight because they will help. But the help of courde did not come. They used us to divide Russian forces between Cuba and Hungary. And we got a stonger dictatorship Than IT was before.
Eastern side of Ukriane damaged or occupied. In the Western side foreign compenies bought everything they can.
Everybody waiting they won against Russia... But they do not give them enough weapons to win...... :-(
But Ukrainen are Strong people. They will survive. One day they will realize what has happend.
I whish the peace and quick recovery after this war. I hope they will be EU members.
Your father was hard line nazi?
I don't know if you will answer me or not. But I would be grateful if you could tell us whether the general situation in Romania was better during the time of Nicolae Ceaușescu or now? Did Ceausescu really want the good of the country?
How did it have a relationship with powerful countries such as: America (United States) - England and the Soviet Union? Did he want to be independent? Were these countries involved in the Romanian revolution or was it all for the people and the army?
Romania deserves more praise for this. He ended like a 90s movie villain.
I love how that big fat thug comes up behind him and says "we're screwed!" before running into the building!
@Justin Case No - he was submitting his immediate resignation, verbally.
He said "They are entering the building."
😂Lmao
I think it was a bodyguard
Seams to be a body guard. I think he said (hardly comprehensibile): "Vin în sediu" / "They are entering the office"
Or: "Vino-n sediu" / "Come inside the office"
This never gets old.
This will be soon be repeated in other nations.
No it won’t lol
hopefully
Happened a few days ago in Iran
@@emanuelblackman1867 The now dead Ceausescu duo we're convinced they were safe too.
let's bloody hope so
I still remember this. Was in high school and sitting at home due to having a spare. In those days there wasn’t anything on tv during the day so watch this dude. Had no idea what I was watching until a few weeks later I saw him on the news saying they killed him.
Actually from this speech to Ceaucescu's "trial" and execution was only 2 or 3 days. Lightning fast for a revolution! The Romanian people had clearly had enough.
1:23 a moment he realized that he is over. A moment of fear - when you know you are done. That video is classic. Greets from Poland for all Romanian patriots.
@Kabo Torko you are tripping
@Kafa kafica Ion Iliescu
@Kafa kafica 😄😄🤪
@@jakewalberg4177 Thing about common russian is that they can't actually rule "their own" without a tzar holding them in firm grip. The nation is not as developed as european nations and there's a long way ahead of them. If you want to know what happens to undeveloped nation trying to break the regime - check the current state of Ukraine.
@@jakewalberg4177 "enough amount" has to be at least majority in plain and healthy democracy.. and to overthrow an authoritarian regime it comes to perhaps 70% of population willing to change the system. That's a first one and we already fail there when it comes to Russia.
2nd one is to have an idea and a political culture able to set up a new political system after current one is overthrown - this is where we fail again.
I'm not even going into economic issues re-privatisation of regime-connected oligarchies and so on... for now it's unsolvable
I was born and lived in Hungary till my 21st birthday. Hungary lies beside Romania and was under communist control until 1989. I remember his execution being all over the hungarian news. I was 4. Being a toddler I did not understand communism and dictatorship
All I understood was love. I asked my dad why was everyone hating him so much and he always found a way to explain me everything in a way I was able to understand it. He said " you know son it is because he was a bastard and kept all the sausages and ham to himself but would not give any to his people so they starved for years". I instantly understood and felt the weight of what he did.
Thanks Dad for everything you taught me about compassion and decency. Love you
Great father; he took something very traumatic and spoke truth in the way a child could understand.
Tes we all need more sausages and ham.
❤👍
I was in Hungary some 7 years ago. I had never seen so many poor people in my life roaming the streets in a Wester European country. When my grandparents were there in the 80s there were no poor people in the streets. I had the same impression in the Baltics (although there were less poors than in Hungary) and in Russia. Even those who hated the Russian more in Lithuania had to admit they missed having free (or almost free) housing, dental plans, helathcare... It appears that killing communism didn't get you the sausages, on the contrary.
@@Jasandiz How long were you in Hungary? How many times? You really need to be there over extended periods to be able to speak for the people?
I have been in Romania for eight months now. I was here two previous times, once right after the fall of Ceausescu. I can't speak enough about the poverty and lack of industrial mechanization/ economic development under Ceausescu. My friends spoke about the bread lines and rations of growing up under the Ceausescu regime. Even though the transition has been really challenging, today's Romanians have a good standard of living- a world away from the Communist period. It is also more affordable than the West while average wage continues to increase. And, I am seeing all of the changes in southeast Romania near the border of Moldova- the most economically depressed area. Almost everyone who I talk to would never trade their progress and freedoms for a return to an authoritarian form of government.
It's crazy to think that Ceausescu had just about every opportunity following this moment to take responsibility and attempt to moderate his policies to appease the uprising, but in nearly every instance he doubled down, accusing his opponents of being "traitors" serving "western interests" right up to his execution.
This needs to happen everywhere..start with the unelected at Davos.
He looks and acts like president Biden. Completely lost touch with reality.
@@alalbatross6549at least caucescu knew when the jig was up Biden is too disconnected to know when the sky is up unless his puppet masters say that the sky is down
I remember how clearly out of touch he was. How he couldn't comprehend just how truly hated he was, right to the end. I wasnt surprised by the events that followed.
I remember too. He (and his wife) didn't seem to understand why the people hated them. They must have live a very isolated life.
D.S.C. 123
Sounds like the UK prime minister TM.
Reportedly, there were no shortage of volunteers for the firing squad--many people in Romania HATED both Ceausescus, and for good reason...
49% of Romanians actually to this day say they liked him, roughly 20% are neutral and 30% don't like him.
@@imnotcaligulashorse9708 how do you support someone who is dead and for a good reason?
When I was posted to Romania, in the Autumn of 1989, my boss's first words to me were, "This is a place where nothing is as it seems."
God Bless President Reagan 🇺🇸🇺🇸🇺🇸🇺🇸
@@dacosta0656 the worst american president...
It's still true to this day.
@Matthias Матиас I left that place more than a decade ago.
Riccardo Massari waaaah!
I was a non destructive testing inspection-engineer for an American company and was send to Rumenia in 1984 to inspect a quantity of steel seamless pipe bought by an Austrian company from a Rumenian steel-mill.The steel-mill was in the northern part of the country in a town called Roman. Having lived for my whole life in Holland and Italy i was so surprised to see the living conditions of the Rumenian people. They were all dressed as beggars and you never saw people smiling on the streets. Girls came by the hotel to offer themselves for escort services. The lights in town went out at 21.00 in the evening and i was told the heating as well. The roads were hideous, the stores were almost completely empty, te only cars were from the police forces. The steel-mill we worked in was an old tired mill with turn of the century equipment and the quality of the pipe was really terrible, had to reject over 60% of the production. It was also an extremely dangerous environment, cables of the cranes worn out, no protectionbarriers, very poor personal gear for the workers, sparks from the electrical wiring everywhere. There were over 7000 people working in the mill but the parking was completely empty but for a few cars from the higher management. People arrived at the job walking from the town which was 4 km away from the mill.
Of course we were based in the best hotel available in the area and had all the "luxury" not available to the Rumenian people (such as running water, electricity, decent food). The factory workers (lovely people) i met gave me some more information about their living conditions though in a very veiled manner. There was an engineer who spoke English and he had to stay with us during all the time we were inside the the steel-mill, probably to check on us. He did not like us to talk politics or telling workers about the living standards of a western factory worker. I always felt really bad about all my privileges when i returned at home and remember i was so happy for the Rumenian people when they finally got rid of that terrible dictator i almost cried.
I am glad they have what they deserve now!
Bravo Romanian people you did good!
What is impressive is the face of Ceausescu: the collapse of a regime in few minutes.
the last days / moments of Nicolae Ceausescu is actually very fascnating , something happened, the people grew brave and were ready to risk everything, they wanted their history and country back
How exactly had they lost their history and country ?
@@70ajc because of the big bad and the magic mcguffin saved the day
@@70ajc they had no freedom and no access to culture, the history was distorted to their advantage it was the darkest time this country has seen yet.
@@70ajc well, you see, one example would be, Romania was/is a very Christian country and a monarchy before the Communists took it over. You know what communism does with religion once is in power? They banish it.
@@70ajc a communist dictator is a cancerous growth on any nation and must be removed by any means necessary.
He just knew it was over when everyone started shouting "Timişoara". For a bit of context on December 17, a revolution broke out in Timişoara (west Transylvania), and the Bucharest protest (which this speech is part of) was planned as a counter-action to what was going on in Timişoara. The 80 thousand people present in Bucharest were all moved to the city square by the communist regime and were supposed to stand besides the leader to send a message to the west. It commonly believed that a single person started booing Ceauşescu, and then a lot of others joined in, at which point you can see him freeze and stop mid-sentence. The person denying the praise of the leader is kind of a Romanian August Landmasser, mainly because nobody knows who the exact person really was, but there's a whole myth around him. The thing we can certainly say is that this person played a very important role in stomping the communist regime in Romania.
It's amazing how long it takes an autocrat to realize that their time is up.
Who else was referred to this speech from Yuval Noah Harari's Homo Deus?
Haha! Me!
Me too
Me
Yup
Wow me
How incredible for a revolution to be documented on tape. We hear so much about the French, Russian, and American revolutions from historians and textbooks, but to actually see it unfold is amazing.
This is not the only major revolution to be recorded. But as of now and for a long time, will be the biggest
It was not "revolution".
It was COUP D'ETAT. Ceaucescu was not a saint, but these events were planned by western agencies, that used some discountents people of these countries.
After that, they restoured capitalism, with mass privatizations and precarization of labour, like latin america.
Mr. Ceausescu was a great patriot
if that man were alive in this year 2023, then he would have prevented Romanian entry into the very pervert and Satanic European Union
@@otaviofrn_advtrue. But to be able to see the EXACT MOMENT when things started to go wonky is extraordinary, especially in a pre-smartphone Era.
Не сравнивай Великий Октябрь с этой херней, пожалуйста.
One highlight and glory of the 80s was the fall of the communism. It's only unfortunate that what came after did not benefit the countries. I remember an old Russian joke, "Everything the Soviets told us about communism was a lie but everything they told us about capitalism was true" or something along those lines. It is especially true in Russia where private interests ruthlessly exploit the population.
History in the making. What a great video, such good commentary
Which video do you mean
1:22 Ceausescu: Why do I hear boss music?
Lmao
Underrated
ILIESCU and ROMAN approaching
Banjos
@@wyqtor so you know the traitors.
Gotta respect Romanians for their boldness against dictators. We lack it here in Russia
@Griffmost Romanians support freedom fighters. Unlike you, we know tyranny when we see it. What Trudeau is doing is unlawful and tyrannical.
Why should people be forced to take a vaccine that has been proven that it doesn't stop the spread of the virus? These mandates make 0 sense.
@Griff what is it with you bootlickers always being so condescending? It's a weird dichotomy yet, you all seem to possess these characteristics. Weird huh...1. The vaccines doesn't stop the spread and you can't prove me otherwise, it only eases the symptoms. 2.The fact that you don't think Trudeau is being tyrant right tells me how brainwashed and comfortable you are in being a slave. 3.I speak in the name of the nation because I live here and I know the sentiment of the majority.
@Griff Invoking the emergency act on PEACEFUL political dissents is tyranny, you tool.
Rise Up Now!
@@Mar.1634 Russian bot
At the 01:42 minute, the right translation is "come inside the building!" (said to Ceaușescu by the security officer) and not "they are entering the building".
I still remember when he left the building by helicopter.I was 19 years old when watching it on tv over here in the Netherlands.I was glad to see that the brave citizens didn,t took that sh*t from him any longer.👍
I'm Brazilian and I can understand a lot from his speech without the subtitles, given the fact that Romanian is really close to Portuguese, given its Latin origins. It has some Russian words tho, as "tovarisch", the Russian for "comrade".
Same here, i speak french as a second language (im belgian) so i could also understand quite some parts of it
@@jovahu5261 Same, I never ealised how similar Romanian was to French. It's Latin but with a slavic touch hahaha
I wonder if bolsonaro is watching this?
@@eddiecaplan1908 Bolsonaro does not watch it, he hates any sort of communists and loves Romanian masons.
Same with Spanish, I feel like hearing a sort of Latin with Russian
2:20
me when my friend goes afk during the middle of the game
Lmao
😁😂😂😂😂😂😂
Golden comment.
Lmfao
Im still laughing this
Awesome recording!! Thank you for posting!
This is the best real life "It was at this moment he knew he fucked up" moment ever caught on camera.
It's a real life Emperor has no clothes moment...
I remember this - I was a child but remember seeing the news but not understanding until years later what happened. The people's revenge for twenty-five years of tyranny.
Cal Devans The Cadre in piss is where he’s at.
@Cal Devans The Cadre People like you would have been the first to end up in the state security prisons under his regime, ignorant bourgeoise wannabe lefty.
@Cal Devans The Cadre Here in Bulgaria is the same.
Everyone blame communists, russian and chinese..... 30 years later!!!
It's not communists, its people who can't admit that they are wrong and has selled their countries for mere yellow coins.
@Gleb B. / Глеб Б. before it was worst, shit everywhere and nobody could escape
@Cal Devans The Cadre Not really lol communists imprisoned other communists or executed them in my country for nothing. Most of our Generals who fought against Hitler were killed by communists.
Ceausescu should've sung from the podium "don't cry for me, Romania. the truth is I never left you."
Надо видеть как это лицо меняется когда возгласы толпы из приветствия и восхищения перерастают в гул презрения и ненависти)) Думаю тогда он осознал что для него все кончено. Я уверен что однажды на одном из таких публичных выступлений в каких нибудь Лужниках произойдет нечто, чего мы может быть сами от себя не ожидаем.
I loved how he kept shouting "Keep calm!" hysterically!
He did seem to have run out of ideas by that point.
His prepared speech, such as it was, also lacked content, even by the standards of demagogic politicians.
It was similar in Czechoslovakia. The communist chief Miroslav Stepan spoke to the workers in the factory. It was November 23, 1989. The workers began to whistle. He didn't expect that. It was a legendary moment.
It is not shooting !!
So this happened like a domino effect. Cool!
Mr. Ceausescu was a great patriot
if that man were alive in this year 2023, then he would have prevented Romanian entry into the very pervert and Satanic European Union
@@Trancymindit did, but not like that. Romania was the last of the revolutions of the 1980s--Poland had a long struggle with Solidarity and the Baltic Republics of the USSR had been agitating for years. In November of 1989 the Berlin Wall fell and Czechoslovakia's communist government was done away with, too. Ceaucescu's overthrow happened right before Christmas. Besides being the last, it was also the ONLY violent revolution of that group. Why is still kind of uncertain but a commonly accepted theory proposed by political scientists and historians is that the regime of Ceaucescu was so brutal that the populace had to use a proportionate amount of violence to get rid of him.
However, to compare this to the end of communism in CZ just doesn't really work. CZ was much more industrialized and... civilized than Romania was. Things were pretty calm there, even in 1989. The Czechoslovak revolution was called The Velvet Revolution for a reason. The workers in Czechoslovakia may have whistled and protested but that's about all that happened.
The Velvet Revolution,
Romanian language is really fascinating. Sounds like a child of Roman father and Slavic mother. :D
Indeed,it's a Latino-Slavic language.
I rejoiced when this was first on the news. A great way to end the 80s!
Absolutely, but in 2023, despite undeniable economic growth and technological progress, how much better off is the world really? Look at what is happening in Ukraine and could happen in Taiwan. I don't think we are going to defeat climate change or poverty.
What I can say in grnuine hope is that the return of Christ and the end of history as we know it are getting nearer all the time.
@@marcusonesimus3400 climate change doesnt exist but you're right about the return of christ
@@missingno88
Christ Himself prophesied natural disasters as harbingers of the end times, the beginnings of birth pangs. We see such signs in the news quite frequently these days. I live in a northerly country where significant change in weather patterns affecting both humans and wildlife has occurred over the past few decades. Melting of ice in the Arctic Ocean, increased frequency of wildfire in the forest belt, and increased vulnerability to flood and drought are well known here. I see no inconsistency whatsoever between Christ's prophetic narrative and a generalized belief in climate change. To consider humans as partly responsible through greed and 'conspicuous consumption' doesn't seem unreasonable, either, if we acknowledge our sinful inclinations.
The difference is that the Word of God always speaks the Truth, whereas human science is full of speculation and uncertainty, requiring continual revision.
How sad that many young people today worship Science as an idol.
He was about as deaf and clueless as they come
Almost worse than Merkel and Macron:)
It's called being old and senile.
@@twrk139
“Old and Senile” couldn’t save him from his Christmas present in 1989
US Government: “Hold my beer”
Behold, the intellect of a bootmaker's apprentice put in charge of a country. The really astounding thing is that he also did some good things (not many).
That look on his face when they start booing makes me smile.
It was a magnetic tape.
Couldn't have happened to a nicer guy (and his wife too)...
@@choxxxieful There's a chance that Nicolae and his wife were both stooges for the gangsters who really ran the country: they'd milked Communism dry and now it was time to cut loose and put on business-suits, after first eliminating the two principal front-people and a few more.
@@None-zc5vg Sure kid, your conspiracy theory for sure will pan out... * rolls eyes *
@@None-zc5vg exactly
In 4 days from this speech, the dictator and his wife were executed. Let it be the fate of all dictators.
If you play at. 25 speed you can pinpoint the second his heart rips in half.
The Simpsons
we are blessed to have such footage at our fingertips (literally)
I love how he didn't expected it. This is how all dictators should fall, with their people judging them. This should be an exemple for us citizens
it was not the people, it was the military
westerners have nothing in order to do something like this with their killers.
The people on their own never have power, they need military support. People max can protest and do a shit.
@@sovietyamemini2309are military personnel not people?
Except in the US they wanted to it in reverse. Depose democracy in favour of a dictator.
Hi, I am currently working on a project where we interview people impacted by a historical event. I chose to do the Romanian Revolution because it is a fascinating event in which the Romanian people managed to unite together to overthrow a dictator.
I would like to interview someone who has experienced the Romanian Revolution and was old enough to have remembered their experiences during the revolution. I plan on having an interview from 15 - 20 minutes via Zoom in English and videotape it. The recording will only be utilized for my school project, and I will not show the interviewee’s face unless given permission to.
Please leave a comment if you or any potential candidates you know would like to be interviewed. Thank you!
Thanks for pinning this :)
If you are especially interested in the romanian communist era and its fall, you should know that It was not a revolution, but coup d'état. You should also look into what happened immediately after the “revolution” to better understand what I am reffering to. The people of Romania did not unite themselves to overthrow the government, but they were united by external actors to do so. It was enough to convince a certain amount of people that Ceausescu reign is over, and then the herd instinct naturally followed.
I did not live the “revolution”, but I have studied what happened from all perspectives and talked to older people that lived it. This is not a personal opinion, but more so facts.
@@duduabfuturo ahhh many people are replying this to me... thanks, i will look into it :)
@@duduabfuturo kjo që thoni Ju,duhet të jetë e vërteta e asaj ngjarje.
@ Hans Start with how Nikolae and Elena were executed without a trial and the right to a defense. If you can't, for your school project, consider researching how the size of the gay population affects the color of daisies.
Un salut calduros revoutionar, I miss the old school Romania, been there in 1983 with a tent and a backpack, aventura ce mai bun.
You can hear Elena shouting in the background too. She was just as vile and more ruthless than he was.
Yeah she was a witch! She gave to herself so many titles it was ridiculous. A narcissistic woman same as her man.
She even had the "securitate" install bugging devices in his (Nicolae Ceaușescu’s) office.
I heard that she smelled too bad before Excecution
She was the Yoko Ono of communist Romania.
same with wife of Slobodan Milosevic
There has been a disturbance in the force
lol
He was executed for genocide of romanian people, am I right? Population of Romania 1989 - 23 miliions, 2017 - 19 millions. Why you dont execute your currient goverment, your coutry lost 4.000.000 romanians lol
because during his regime you couldnt just leave the country, because that's what happened to those 4million romanians
Dota 2 - Солеварня CORRECT
There has been a disturbance in the force...somone OPEN A WINDOW and let the force out!
It's often forgotten that Ceausescu was very popular in his younger years. Those demonstrations he often held are recreations of an actually spontaneous one which he led in 1968 to protest the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia. He was beloved by the people for being the only communist leader who was willing to assert his nation's independence and stand up to the USSR. He gradually fell from grace in the 80s as the economy stagnated and shortages ensued.
"Gradually fell from grace in the 80s"
Eh, more like Ceaucescu went off the rails after getting ideas from his state visit to Pyongang in 1979
Put 1/2 in the caption so that people know that there is part two.
I almost left this page when I saw it accidentally.
1:23 is the key moment, when several firecrackers exploded near The Hilton Hotel (located to Ceausescu's right). Those who fired them were deceivingly shouting "Trag in noi!" ("THEY'RE SHOOTING AT US"!). The shout spread into the crowd and grew in intensity while panic installed (the crescendo of the screams is easily noticeable between 1:25-1:37). Shortly after, other firecrackers exploded even louder (when somebody was heard saying "Someone is shooting"). At 1:41 the subtitles are misplaced, the security agent actually says: "Vino-n sediu!" ("COME INSIDE!") than turns away, opens the door behind Ceausescu and waits for him to react. Ceausescu immediately lowers his right hand (making a decision) than raises his hand after deciding to stay put, he realized nobody was shooting. Meanwhile, the security agent looks back at Ceausescu and understands he's ignoring the call... Outside, the crowd believed someone was shooting at them from the back so they either left the square or pushed forward toward the balcony. They were mere workers from the nearby factories and had no idea of what was really going on. Those who set up The Coup had at first agitated the people so they can convince Ceausescu to flee ("Come inside!"), than urged the crowd against him for shooting at them and than fleeing. The Coup was set up by a group of influential Romanian communists who received Soviet approval and were promoting Ion Iliescu to replace Ceausescu. Ironically, "I wish to thank the initiators and organizers" was The Signal. 1:09. Four days later, Ceausescu was executed. All the above facts were testified 15 years later by some of the accomplices.
Damm right!!! But was necesary. It was an Police State.
SSAnwalt After watching the video recently something seemed off... the way it is commonly described is not accurate, and it's more clear to me that it is spin... I think that the accepted story of this is a hoax and that it's probably how you described it...
SSAnwalt I am from Romania and u know more things about Ceasusescu then I know :))
Sad!
Nikolai was a great and honorable man, now his countory and people are slaves to the eurofasist reshime also known as EU
Sounds like a lot of what goes on in the United States.
Him yelling 'Alo' is like a teacher who cant keep the class quiet
I used to have Romanian neighbours in the block of flats I used to live in. Heard 'Alo' a lot if they were trying to attract attention, or if they were having a boisterous party and so on.
I'm expecting this is old Vladimir's not-so-distant future.
My dad went skiing in Romania in 1987/1988. His whole group was followed constantly by the secret police and a revolutionist set himself on fire near the ski resort in protest of the regime. Scary times
Secret police, meaning single digit IQ nobodies having an ID which supposedly allows them to do ANYTHING. Makes sense.
I imagine Romania would’ve been very similar to North Korea back then
@@chrislouis7913 I think albania was even worse than romania during this time
Well James, I'd follow you too.
I suppose he was in Poiana Brasov, since that was the most famous skiing resort back than. In the city of Brasov there were big protests already in 1987, that almost sparked a revolution. But this time they were still able to shoot it down and it did not spread to other cities. Possibly your father was there just a few weeks after these events.
I was born on January 1990 in Bucharest. My parents told me that when they took me out of the hospital, the army was still in the streets of Bucharest and random people would ask my parents wether I'm a girl or a boy. Most of these people would tell my parents to name me Victoria, because "we are victorious", communism is gone.
So is Victoria your surname ? 🙃
@@kokoaldo9866
Well, no 😅
@@dearomania8289 you were born during a very historic and liberating time for Romania. Congrats
Were you named Victoria?
@@kets4443 she answered no. Look at the Conversation
Ruthless Romanian dictator Nicolae Ceausescu was shocked and scared by the sudden defiance of his subjects. People`s pent-up anger was unleashed at once.
reminds me of the balcony-scene of the Dutch royal family this year (2023). They had a Potemkin moment, when the crowd booed at them and they kept waving and smiling, as if the people love them, because they are after all the royal family. An that is what the people are for.
So we never got to hear the end of the speech. That must have been frustrating for regular listeners.
actually it was quite satisfying.
actually 90% of the people was taken by force to hear the spech
..0.00% was regular
This was the best film quality I’ve ever seen of this. I’d love to see the whole documentary in this quality. In the early 90’s, PBS showed a documentary on this, which I’ve always wanted to see again, but can’t recall which one it was. There are several out there, but most have terrible film quality.
While this was a short clip, the quality was great. Thank you for posting.
The PBS documentary is titled Kiss The Hand You Cannot Bite.
@@keithdoran89
Keith,
Thank you so much! Man, I appreciate that very much.
I’ve always wanted to watch it again.
I’ll just have to see where it is available.
Cheers, from Texas
@@Shaken_AND_Stirred th-cam.com/video/x224czRmdiU/w-d-xo.html and th-cam.com/video/NLfZWGOZ03Q/w-d-xo.html may well have what you need in parts one and two.
@@Shaken_AND_Stirred Hi, please do let us know if you find a link so we can watch it as well, I will do the same
@@Kibbe_Surdo
I have never been able to find the original PBS/Frontline documentary on Ceausescu. There are still several good ones to watch though.
This 1990 ABC News Nightline documentary with Ted Koppel is a good one. th-cam.com/video/D8DQ-Axi1V0/w-d-xo.html
“Death Of A Dictator” is a good one. th-cam.com/video/7aEzLJdzi9w/w-d-xo.html
“Rise And Fall of Nicolas Ceausescu” is a good one as well. th-cam.com/video/KlzpR8GNwWA/w-d-xo.html
The film quality is fairly decent on these, and between them, you’ll glen basically what was from the original Frontline/PBS documentary. At least I did.
Cheers
"Smithers, are they booing me?"
"Uh no, they are saying '"boo-urns, boo-urns."
He starved the country in order to pay out his stupid loans. Also, maintained an astounding cult of personality. I lived in a neighboring Bulgaria near the border and every time i'd switch to Romanian TV - it either be off (to save power?) or it would show children singing about Nicolae & Elena :D
This is a great video.. I've seen this last speech dozens of times but really enjoyed having the contextual information, different camera angles, etc.
Same. I wonder which documentary this was from!
Absolutely fascinating, misuse of power finally being dealt with. Beware leaders all around the globe.
They don't learn from this. You can't tell a narcissists or a sociopath anything because they know everything. Ask the people that tried to consul 45 US pres. anything. Fougettaboutit.
@@brianwalsh1401 You are one President off - you were listening to American Communist Propaganda (LEFT wing!). 46 is the real problem.....we are living our own version of Ceausescu now. Have you noticed that as immigrants with Corona flood the border....he blames that state for a rise in cases - it was his own doing! The media is focused on what ice cream flavor he chose to eat! Wake up!
@@brianwalsh1401 Maybe you're right, Ceausescu is closer to 45. He wouldn't tolerate scum entering illegaly in his country. He wouldn't tolerate a group burning and looting whole cities. He wouldn't tolerate 900 USD theft as a misdemeanor and police closing its eyes. He wouldn't accept losing strategic independence to another country (most medicines from USA are made in China, whole industries moved overseas). He wouldn't accept getting a diploma without knowing how to read and do some basic math. Actually, 46 is taking all the wrong measures Ceausescu took, but you are too blind to see.
LOL. the irony with your judgement nessie. I LOVE IT LOL. keep being you imo and thanks lololol
they betrayed a patriot what a shame
Wish this was Moscow and Putin
the best and most satysfying reality tv I've ever seen
1:30 When you suddenly realise that you dont have much future left.....
That was just epic.
He was surprised as if he saw the Grim Reaper coming at him!
And it was, in deed.
@Cal Devans The Cadre Exactly. Normal, calm human reaction on an uncommon event. Firstly you realize what is it, and only then you do something.
satori1312 no it was the figure behind the Grim Reaper who had the horns and pitchfork that really got his attention!
The look of a despot facing the just deserts of his fearful rule that stare of knowing hells doors are minutes away ........ PRICELESS! 💀
A good lesson for dictators. If they do not want to go voluntarily, they will be made to give up power and their very lives too!
I remember all this well even though I was just a child when this happened, next he tried to make his escape in a helicopter, but the pilot and crew delivered him not to safety but to a peoples tribunal where him and his wife were found guilty and duly sentenced to death... Yes I remember it all as if it was yesterday
The tribunal was a military one that was composed of generals who repressed by fire the demonstrations in city of Timisoara and by his death sentence they tried to cover up their guilt..
Same thing will happen with Putler
@@silviucp well if he was given to the people they would've killed him nontheless
Aw wao! Interesting! I did not know that. Brave people in Romania! Greetings from Hingary
I remember he was executed on Christmas Day 1989, which meant that television that day was really odd. Adverts for Crocodile Dundee and the Russ Abbot Christmas Show interspersed with footage of Ceausescu and his wife lying dead in a schoolroom.
1:26 the legendary moment
Why do they start booing at this exact moment?
@@SilverWave64 they finally had enough
It was at this moment… he knew he had fucked up…
Mr. Nicolae Ceausescu , he was a great patriot, he loved his people of Romania.
Surely, if Nicolae the great Patriot was alive he would vote in referendum; Not the "European integration", NOt the Euro, Not The Trade Schengen , Yes the liberty and Yes the real and authentic National Sovereignty for all the Nations in the Balkans
@@denniswilson8013 He was The Holy Saint Nicolae, the real patriot
I liked his wife-a Nobel prize winning chemist! (not). Ceaucescue had chemistry professors write papers for her-she signed them.
sounds like Merkel
I heard she banned Chemists from getting certain products so they got around this by requesting them using scientific names which they knew she wouldn't understand. She then signed them off. Lol. Anyway, all's well that ends well. I'm glad she got a bullet. She deserved nothing less, as did he.
@@andrewuk2683 my chemistry teacher told us about this lol. Ceaușescu's wife was Nobel prized in chemistry but she was actually dumb af
@@fjodordorndorf2706 this is Germany buddy, not Putinstan. There is credibility to our leaders degrees as we actually indict our politicians like Gutenberg and co for their wrongdoings. And unlike Russia degrees in the west actually mirror scientific progress and metrics such as scientific papers released per year unlike Russia where half the population has officially a degree, yet that same population isn't smart enough to bring prosperity to itself.
@@joel.759 She never got a Nobel prize or was a laureate. Can not find any info about that. She did however essentially give herself a Phd in Chemistry, and a number of Romanian honorary titles.
Not so difficult when your husband is the dictator.....
PS: She only ever completed elementary school.