No Dig works any where Canada here went no dig this year after years of trying to fix my clay soil. Harvest this year was amazing. Yes I had to buy compost to do what I need to do this year even with my own compost piles. My shelves are filled with my own produce to last through a cold Canadian winter, I will not go back to what most consider normal gardening.
@@RockinStevieD Must say I don't follow it myself though but I'm feel the exception rather than the rule. For the scale I have it just takes more compost than I can generate and I am too tight to buy it. For a few raised beds or the massive scale of CD I think it is far more economically feasible.
Awesome to hear! I live in Tx and our soil is heavy clay. I've been doing no dig and just added cheap organic potting soil mixed with the compost I generated from lawn care and kitchen scraps. I'm well on my way to a food forest already in just a year and a half.
You are Captain Compost in my book. I must say though that I’ve adopted some odd behaviors along this journey, such as cornering stock-boys at the grocery to confiscate their boxes or stopping by the road to gather grass clippings when the ditches are being mowed. I’m having great fun! Thank you so much for inspiring me. I only wish I’d had this knowledge before age 65, but I guess I’m proof that you really can teach an old dog new tricks.
I know the feeling Carol! I find myself eyeballing the yard waste bags of my neighbours and also the recycling bin at the nursing home i work at for things to use for potting up and what not. Happy Gardening :)
The knowledge I have learned from you over the years has been not only needed but has now blessed my family with an abundance of food..thank you for all you do
Hello From Chile, in the central area where we have arid climate. We have been making compost for few years now, trying different ways to find the best method with that climate. It has been a very long run sprayed of mistakes and little victories. With or without worms, mixing it or not, with or without cardboard.. by now we have 2 heaps of 1*1,20m with plenty of worms. Using one until filling it and then the other one letting the the first one resting. We add all organic wastes from the kitchen, making a small hole in the compost, mixing a bit with cardboard and the more mature compost. Adding water main of the times. We had troubles with acidity, smell and flies especially in winter as we love eating oranges and lemons. Despite of the weather, the compost doesn’t get so hot and seeds survive and sprout in the beds (tomatoes especially). What would you suggest to control acidity and smell during the winter? We used to add bicarbonate sodium on the top and within the fresh organic wastes if we have lots of oranges and lemons. Thank you for sharing your experience and knowledge about good practices to grow food. It is so useful! Morgan
1:42 Charles, I've also gotten to that certain age that I can say what I know is true without worrying what anyone thinks about it. Good on you and me, brother.
I am from Saigon, Vietnam. I was born and bred in the city all my life. I just got a chance to learn how to grow plants due to lock down in my city. Your knowegde help me with my kitchen waste composting and growing pot herbs, vegetables and flowers on my 20m2 terrace. I am grateful for all your work. Thank you so much.
Great video as always Charles... Laughed when you said you were getting too old, not to speak the truth & say it as it really is!!. That's why I love your videos. They are based on your decades of experience, research , observation & experimentation and you actually do what you say. Thanks so much for sharing your knowledge & taking the time to make the videos, it is very much appreciated. Cheers
Just opened my first bin of a three bin pallet system like the one you show. I started it last fall and so excited to make two new beds for my mustard greens and lettuces this winter here in Florida. I turned it once last spring (after watching a video of yours). I went around and gathered everybody's leaf bags early this year to add to all the green we have over the summer. Just getting to the last of that and only halfway through bin number 2. Those bins are bigger than I thought, but we are getting it done. The finished compost looks so pretty and fluffy, thrilled!
My husband is adamant about NOT having a compost area in our garden, since we have had bears visit and make a mess of our bird feeding area, and a friends has had rats come to her compost pile. Since I would never kill any animal, I have to buy compost in plastic bags!! We live in a very bio diverse area which I love ( upstate New York, USA) and have been using the no dig method to prepare many new areas on the property for future gardening sites. Thanks for sharing so much information with your enthusiastic followers all over the world. You make a positive difference in our world👍👍👍
you should still be able to compost yard waste and garden debris without any problems (wood chips, leaves, grass clippings, dead plants etc.). I'm also in upstate NY, originally Northern VT, and bears have no interest in that stuff at all.
I hear you about bears! I used to collect the odd “visiting card” and add it to the pile. Just so if people asked me how I grew my garden, I could smile sweetly and say “Bear manure”. That was on an acreage, Kootenay region in Southern Interior B.C. I am in the village now and have to worry about rats. My solution is to put anything remotely food like in a tumbler first, then add it to the pile when it is half done. Things like apple and potato peelings.
Recently discovered Charles and really loving it, but £20k sales for one full time and two part-time workers clearly doesn’t stack commercially, unless you’re also running a TH-cam channel with 800k subscribers! Very inspiring for hobbyist gardeners though: bravo!
Composting is both 'wonderful', and 'surprising'! Two years ago we moved house and bought a 'robo- composting bin' (just a plastic bin with a lid on top, about a meter high). Into it we have been putting all the 'fresh' (non cooked) kitchen waste, and all the 'poop' and bedding from our rabbit. The bin is still no where close to being full! In the process, I seem to have become an 'expert' worm breeder! However I have also become to appreciate how powerful the natural processes are, that are involved in turning living material into valuable material for other plants. If you want to gain an insight into the natural world, I can seriously recommend a 'compost bin' of almost any size, and just sit back and watch what happens!
Apart from being small the plastic bins are rubbish. The ingredients a compost needs are nitrogen (grass) carbon (manure ,leaf mould) air and water. Not much air and water in a plastic bin,
This Man is a kindred Spirit. I love your show. I would have to agree about the do’s and don’ts. I have an enormous amount of Plantain and curly Dock. So I use them as my Greens. Not enough Vegetable waste, so have to think outside the square. I was watching a Video the other day where a Lady used a lot of fresh Horse Manure to heat her Greenhouse as she lives in a very cold part of UK. I have 3 Ponies and 5 Chickens, so love recycling and utilising all that I can get my hands on.
Charles, you have been such an inspiration to me! Your advice has helped me realize that sometimes I can just let my garden do what it needs to be doing...
I just spread my first ever home made compost! Thank you for teaching me how to make it. My bins are made from pallets like these ones, and was worried about it not getting hot. I turned once like you said in a previous video. We actually had grass snakes laying in it which was an amazing discovery. I'm looking forward to seeing how my raspberries do next year, it's so exciting creating something so useful out of 'waste' and very satisfying lowering my carbon footprint and reducing landfill. Thank you
Almost everything I know on composting comes from Charles' books and videos. I use to compost even bones, meat and dairy leftovers from the kitchen. Never had any issue, nor rats. Thank You Charles!
@@mikemorton954 and probably a couple of cats too... Seriously, I throw leftovers on the pile and cover them immediately with a couple of shovels of manure. Even the rats do not dare to eat them.
Easiest and most efficient way imo is to just plant crops on compost piles. I threw some horse and sheep manure on my compost pile with a little dirt on top and planted a few heavy feeders in that as an experiment(pattison pumpkins and money maker tomatos). They are giants with lots of pumpkins and tomatos.
Nice video 👍I just appreciate the fact that you take your time to educate your viewers. I learn alot from you . And I am glad to be a subscriber on your channel that way I never miss out the good stuffs.
greetings here I'm a huge fan of earning more money, and I think everyone should have a side hustle. side hustling can allow you to earn that little bit of extra money that can help you achieve your financial goals faster - whether it's paying off student loans or saving for retirement.
@@user-dt2oh3yl6w Speaking of crypto trading, it's the best business in the world right now. Because I know a couple of friends who make a whole lot of money trading the financial market. NEVER LOSS?... I sincerely doubt when I see such things like 100% WIN strategy, Crypto trading is very technical, involves carefulness and great IQ... I wonder doing that with no losses or I will say only a professional trader/broker can do that.
Nowadays, there are lots of brokers and to find one, it most be online, retail, trusted and reliable. So please how can I find a professional broker to trade with?
I absolutely agree that a lot of rubbish is talked about gardening which is wrong! I read the results of trials and then in the same (unnamed) magasine the 'experts' trolling out the same old rubbish! Charles Dowding is my hero!
Inspiration for being a better gardener! March 16 and 39 degrees F. Cool week ahead good for some heavy work and chores. Thank you Charles, you've got a spring in your steps!
I’ve made compost for the first time and it is really simple. The points raised in this video will be very helpful to those who are new to making compost so thank you. Kind regards. Gary
Heya Charles. I've learned so much from you after watching nearly 100 videos. I know you generally set about 6 months for compost, ish........ I live in the tropics. If I start a large say, 1.5 meters high by 2 meters wide pile of leaves, weeds, and other small bits I find I have finished compost in 2-3 months. Adding manure, pouring urine, and turning it every 2 weeks helps. If I turn it only once through the process it takes 4-6 months. Sometimes I will add small sticks, palm, etc and it generally gets tossed in the next pile when I sort it out. Thinking of starting a compost business next year as the stuff we have here in SE Asia is rubbish. Thanks again for all your useful tips.
Hi Juguru, and this is music to my ears - a compost business! Many will thank you and I hope you earn money to pay for the work. Your conditions are clearly so different and in some ways ideal, so 3 months is definitely best plan.
thank you charles for this video, since going no dig 2 years ago, i now compost everything : blighted plants, roots of bind weed, dandelion, couch grass. making beautiful compost others on my site " oh yoyu cant compost that" i just let them get on with it. but then most people admire how good looking my crops are and how few weeds i have. yet when i talk about no dig they still rather dig. strange. have a great week!!!
😀 lovely to hear of your results neil, and I have always found it so strange that people often ignore what is right in front of them, something that can save them time and give great results! There's a big understanding here for humanity.
Maybe if they knew how much carbon they were releasing with each shovel full of disturbance they would think twice? Oh well, at least the chiropractors are happy.
@@Lauradicusunbelievabley one plot holder last winter dug his plot over 3 times, unfortunately some people are just stuck in their ways, same as when I use peat free occasionally I get no problems with germination, but the same people always state its rubbish and they can't grow in it.
Thank you Charles, I’ve been using the pallets as well and have more to use…I have a wood chipper too, I will do more of what you say- I truly appreciate your knowledge and experience thank you kindly! 💚
I'm starting my first own compost heap and I am genuinely excited about it realising it is the source of nutrients and microbiology for the whole system. Kinda fascinating
Çok zarifsiniz. İngilizce altyazı eklediğiniz için kendi dilimde altyazılı olarak videolarınızı takip ediyorum. İngilizce aslında anlıyorum ama Türkçe okuyarak ilerleyince eksiklerimi görüyorum. Bu videonuz ise Türkçe altyazılı. Önce defalarca dinledim. Şimdi okuyarak eksiklerimi tamamlıyorum. Çok teşekkür ederim.
our little farm now composts the town yard waste so that I can produce enough for our market gardens, thank you for all your inspiration! We've worked a lot on balance and heat this year
Man... you're debunking a lot of agricultural dogmas, myths and fears, with such a shocking calmness. Approximately 10 years of experience in this job I have, still a lot to learn, and everything is becoming increasingly simpler and more enjoyable. Thank you for sharing your knowledge and many blessings to you.
Effortless turning of compost. I made a cage of chicken wire to totally enclose material. Before filling, I laid two parallel ropes. By securing two ends and bringing the other two over cage. Pulling these two will roll entire pile . I leave my riding mower attached and turn pile frequently cover with a tarp. I love composting every way I've tried. A backhoe worked really well too.lol
Querido Charles respondiste a todas mis preguntas ... compost sin necesidad de calentar... y se puede usar aunque falte un poco... y todo. Me encantó porque este año decidí no andar con vueltas y poner todo en el compost... pasto enredaderas .... cómo experimento porque me parecía demasiado lo que dicen que no se puede poner esto o aquello y me acabas de confirmar!! Siempre una alegría verte. Acá en Bariloche recién empiezo con la siembra de primavera verano. Un abrazo.
Gracias Griselda por sus comentarios y es un placer para mí poder ayudarlo. ¡Es una lástima que tanta gente parezca querer que las cosas se compliquen mucho! Ahora encuentras la alegría de la sencillez. Buena suerte con tus nuevas siembras.
@@CharlesDowding1nodig es un placer y un honor conocerte Charles. No sólo en la huerta ... la sencillez es de las pocas cosas que me emocionan en la vida. Se complican porque hasta haciendo jardín o huerta quieren ganar y triunfar pero trabajar con la tierra es ayudarla sembrar y que sea lo que la naturaleza quiera...🌿🥬🍅
I will be forever thankful Charles, for all that knowledge spread with the world I'm in my first year of no dig and composting, even being in another climate (italy) it does work perfect, plants loving it Looking forward soon to start buying your books from your Amazon profile, will get them all Ps: Did you made any sticker of the circular "no dig" logo? Greetings and much love from Italy, we adore you
Gave up on my barrel composter after getting anaerobic messes even after upping the carbon in the ratio. Moved to larger heaps outside and got to about 48 C and have lovely compost now. Thanks for all of the videos you share.
Thanks to finding your channel & following your advice, I've already exceeded 150kg of fruit & veg off my 44'x11' (including 8'x6' greenhouse) plot this year & there's still leeks celery, beetroot, brussels sprouts to come & even tomatoes(sungold), cucumbers & chilli peppers to pick, so I'll get close to 200kg by year's end (all produce scribbled down in your perpetual diary). My compost has vastly improved, as has the amount & the 2:1 by volume shredded cardboard/grass clippings mix has been consistently hot & the bay filled by late May has broken down completely, with masses of worm activity. I think I'll have enough for a 2" layer over all the beds & the greenhouse by Christmas.
This video helped me realize that my first batch of compost is useable! I was so excited to spread it on my raised beds today get the bin ready for a second batch. I hope to have one ready for spring. My bin isn’t big enough to get very hot but it worked great nevertheless. Thanks for continuing to talk about compost. So helpful and inspiring!
Thank you, Charles. Just sorting my bays to try this system as I never seem to have enough room using three bays traditionally. Wonderfully clear as always. Joy
Always good to see my instincts proved right! I have a similar system on the go at the special needs school I work at, so it’s nice to see my methods validated
I came to see you last night in Street and was so fascinated by everything you said. I was chatting to my husband when I got home particularly about why we shouldn't dig, and about what you said about disturbing/recovery and that resonated with him. He's a tattoo artist and because of his job, has learnt a lot about the skin and it struck him how many similarities we could make between soil and our skin. I really agree and again, it explains so much as to why the no dig method is much more effective in so many ways. I also very much liked it as I've always spread fresh compost on my flower beds rather than dig and turn the soil as I've watched my mum do over the years. Only mine was out of laziness rather than wisdom but I'm glad that what I was doing was better for the soil and ecosystem within!
Yes! I think we tend to forget that skin is our biggest organ and we perhaps take it for granted and don't appreciate how important it is....and of course, if we were to keep picking or poking at it, we'd bruise, damage, scar. And it's helpful to think of soil in the same way, especially with lots going on in those top layers, just as with skin. I'm absolutely going to very much enjoy planting some veg this year, and have some fabulous compost coming along with thanks to our chickens and their chopped straw bedding!
I make excellent compost using the Darlec compost bin next to the bins. I also have a hotbin compost bin which is meant to be quicker but it’s sticky and clumpy so may be better to put on the beds to over winter for the frost to break it down. Thank you for sharing your experience, I do enjoy watching your weekly videos.
Charles I don't know about anyone else, but you are the only one I take advice from. When I hear others talk about rotating crops or you need to til to loosen the soil for the roots, I'm shaking my head and thinking you people are making more work for yourself.!!
Crop rotation makes no sense soil wise. Plants have a symbiotic relationship with specific soil microorganisms 🦠 and they spend a season fine tuning that relationship. Then you pop in a crop that needs a different support cast that must now be tailored? Seems like a source of stress to me. I think the pests and disease issues others have when not rotating crops has more to do with unhealthy soil organisms, monoculture and synthetic treatments than what is actually planted. I mean if you think about it every nutrient a plant needs to grow is already right there in the ground. As long as the bacteria, fungi, amino acids, micro and macro arthropods are there to make those nutrients available and there is enough moisture to meet the needs of all those critters there’s really no need to interfere. Sure, pests will still come. Good. Gives the beneficial insects something to eat. Diseases will still show up. But I’ve noticed they tend to attack only the weakest plants. I forced myself to just observe this season and it was hard to leave it up to Mother Nature but you know what? She’s better at it than I will ever be. ‘Scuse me while I go snack on a pea that survived powdery mildew. 😜
As a beginning gardener you e made composting super approachable for me and I’m so thankful! I’ve been composting a year now and I throw my weeds and grass and all kinds of stuff in it and it’s been great! I’m so thankful for your videos.
I popped a whole lot of tiny potatoes into the compost along with a few normal size that got speared and ruined during harvest and they survived in the compost heaps (pretty big in the Tram Stop!). I guess the heaps weren't hot enough to kill them, so I put any I come across into the bin. Good idea to turn two heaps into one bay. enjoyed the video guys!
You can actually grow potatoes in a compost heap - I've thrown tiny potatoes which emerge the following spring as plants into a bathtub at my allotment which I use as a composting area and each autumn I end up with an extra harvest of potatoes!
This video is so helpful and important information, I've taken on a allotment for just over a year now and have been told alot of outdated information. I find this channel so helpful and by just watching this channel I am learning a hell of a lot. Im so thankful 👍
Using city yard waste this year. Been getting 15 yards at a time. Placing our chicken waste in one pile Nd our house waste in another. Yesterday I was shifting through it. Looks amazing. Prayering this year I get production. Last spring I brought soil, the wrong soil. It shed water and plants suffered and didn't grow. I love your videos. Although on another continent. Prayers. Keep smiling
Thanks! I wonder if last year's purchase was simply too hot and fresh, it might be Growing but I think it's now after a year, I hope it all works out for you this year
@@CharlesDowding1nodig it shed water . No matter how much I watered or it stormed. Water would no absorb passed an inch deep. So this year I am adding what I got from city yard waste. In city near us. I know the bits of wood will not be good in away for garden but I think might help asorborting. Thank you for your videos. I look up to you and others who take the time to teach people. Keep smiling and God bless.
I have begun using woodchips for bedding for my chickens, goats and calves. I scoop solid waste as much as I can and add a bit of straw to the top. Doing this as a deep litter system, I am hoping for amazing compost after it has been turned several times in the spring.
I am trying an experiment by compressing weeds in a soda bottle that I hang on a wall. Moisture has begun in the bottom and the weeds are shrinking in size so I just add more through the little door I cut in the top. I am amazed at the amount of weeds i have put into the 2littre bottle that get sun in the afternoon.
There are also places where the "non sense" works under local conditions. I love this channel, but am well aware that my dry, high altitude climate would take several years to accomplish the compost that Charles does here.
@@Neenerella333 I live in a semi-desert area and admittedly not a high altitude. I have adequate moisture to keep my compost on the damp side and I keep it covered. Standard, routine practices work for me - it takes about 3 months for finished compost if I have enough of the right material to make an aerobic pile. About 6 - 8 months if I'm unable to get enough of the right materials. I don't know of any other way to make compost - just the right amount and mixture of greens and browns with sufficient moisture. Cheers
A very informative video. I have four 3.6m3 bins, and had fair but not great results. Since retiring I've done it much as described, and also added a layer of nettles every six inches or so. This seems to accelerate the process a great deal and improves the result. I also started growing micro greens using coco-coir as a grow medium and dump that, rich with roots and stems, in the bins, which also helps the finished results a lot. The worms seem to love it. Also, I don't turn the piles between March and october, as they are full of grass snake and slow worm eggs.
I've used woodchips as browns for our small heaps this year (putting food scraps into daleks each day) and it really seems to work amazingly well. The woodchips had already rotted down for over 6 months before I started using them (we got the woodchips September 2020 and started using them in the heaps in April 2021). We got ours from the neighbours having tree surgeons controlling their trees and I simply asked them if I could have the chipped prunings. I'm going to try an experiment of putting woodchips atop one of my no-dig beds to see if it works as a long-term mulch a la 'Back to Eden' (a chap in Washington State whose name I've forgotten). Obviously I'll keep on making compost too, because we have green and brown waste from the garden.
I throw out a lot of kitchen scraps, including a lot of paper towels that I use, as well as scraps of cardboard (tissue rolls etc) it seems to work well as a good brown/green mix. I need to resist the urge to keep filling the bins and let it fully break down!
@@CharlesDowding1nodig got two already, but I produce enough to fill them both, they are the plastic dalek type bins so they don't hold tons. They get very warm though and the mass drops quickly, so I should get some good compost out of it once I leave it alone!
Excellent advice Charles 👌 I layer shredded cardboard and grass clippings and turn it every few days. After 6 months of adding turning and then letting it alone for a few months I think it looks ready.👍
I've just assembled two tall metal 'Birdies' raised garden beds, 2m length x 1.3m width x 0.74m high. This autumn I am filling them up with garden debris, leaves, twigs, clippings, tired potting soil, dead annuals, etc. I'll loosely cover with pallets/tarps and let nature work her magic all winter! I should have a nice base by late spring, composting 'in place' if you will. I'll need much less actual soil to top up the raised beds next spring. My actual compost bay is filling up quickly as well! Who would've thunk composting brings such joy ?!
It’s good that someone is highlighting composting. But turning bins is very hard work. Gather the ingredients and then mix each top up pile together with the ingredients and put that on the compost pile. Just leave it. 5-6 months you have decent compost for use in the garden.
watching from Korea! I am so interested in making compost! I learned a lot from your video. It makes me so relaxed the way you explain how to do all things! Thanks♡
No Dig works any where Canada here went no dig this year after years of trying to fix my clay soil. Harvest this year was amazing. Yes I had to buy compost to do what I need to do this year even with my own compost piles. My shelves are filled with my own produce to last through a cold Canadian winter, I will not go back to what most consider normal gardening.
Thanks for your feedback and it gives me great pleasure to hear of such results 🏆
I think no dig has become the normal gardening now.
I agree it's been awesome in Canada
@@RockinStevieD Must say I don't follow it myself though but I'm feel the exception rather than the rule. For the scale I have it just takes more compost than I can generate and I am too tight to buy it. For a few raised beds or the massive scale of CD I think it is far more economically feasible.
Awesome to hear! I live in Tx and our soil is heavy clay. I've been doing no dig and just added cheap organic potting soil mixed with the compost I generated from lawn care and kitchen scraps. I'm well on my way to a food forest already in just a year and a half.
You are Captain Compost in my book. I must say though that I’ve adopted some odd behaviors along this journey, such as cornering stock-boys at the grocery to confiscate their boxes or stopping by the road to gather grass clippings when the ditches are being mowed. I’m having great fun! Thank you so much for inspiring me. I only wish I’d had this knowledge before age 65, but I guess I’m proof that you really can teach an old dog new tricks.
Wonderful to imagine you popping up here and there Carol, gathering materials 😀
Haha... and you should try the coffee shops too
I know the feeling Carol! I find myself eyeballing the yard waste bags of my neighbours and also the recycling bin at the nursing home i work at for things to use for potting up and what not. Happy Gardening :)
@@margarethairsine8648 A kindred spirit!
We are sisters from different mothers, Carol! My biological sisters think I’m nuts but I just keep on doing my thing! 😁
The knowledge I have learned from you over the years has been not only needed but has now blessed my family with an abundance of food..thank you for all you do
Same thank u
You are so welcome Carolyn, thanks for sharing, a lovely thought at bedtime!
Hello From Chile, in the central area where we have arid climate. We have been making compost for few years now, trying different ways to find the best method with that climate. It has been a very long run sprayed of mistakes and little victories.
With or without worms, mixing it or not, with or without cardboard.. by now we have 2 heaps of 1*1,20m with plenty of worms. Using one until filling it and then the other one letting the the first one resting.
We add all organic wastes from the kitchen, making a small hole in the compost, mixing a bit with cardboard and the more mature compost. Adding water main of the times.
We had troubles with acidity, smell and flies especially in winter as we love eating oranges and lemons. Despite of the weather, the compost doesn’t get so hot and seeds survive and sprout in the beds (tomatoes especially).
What would you suggest to control acidity and smell during the winter?
We used to add bicarbonate sodium on the top and within the fresh organic wastes if we have lots of oranges and lemons.
Thank you for sharing your experience and knowledge about good practices to grow food.
It is so useful! Morgan
1:42 Charles, I've also gotten to that certain age that I can say what I know is true without worrying what anyone thinks about it. Good on you and me, brother.
I am from Saigon, Vietnam. I was born and bred in the city all my life. I just got a chance to learn how to grow plants due to lock down in my city. Your knowegde help me with my kitchen waste composting and growing pot herbs, vegetables and flowers on my 20m2 terrace. I am grateful for all your work. Thank you so much.
How nice, and a small benefit of lockdown! I am impressed
Great video as always Charles... Laughed when you said you were getting too old, not to speak the truth & say it as it really is!!. That's why I love your videos. They are based on your decades of experience, research , observation & experimentation and you actually do what you say. Thanks so much for sharing your knowledge & taking the time to make the videos, it is very much appreciated. Cheers
Thanks Dale
Just opened my first bin of a three bin pallet system like the one you show. I started it last fall and so excited to make two new beds for my mustard greens and lettuces this winter here in Florida. I turned it once last spring (after watching a video of yours). I went around and gathered everybody's leaf bags early this year to add to all the green we have over the summer. Just getting to the last of that and only halfway through bin number 2. Those bins are bigger than I thought, but we are getting it done. The finished compost looks so pretty and fluffy, thrilled!
How wonderful, I love that you find it exciting 😀
My husband is adamant about NOT having a compost area in our garden, since we have had bears visit and make a mess of our bird feeding area, and a friends has had rats come to her compost pile. Since I would never kill any animal, I have to buy compost in plastic bags!! We live in a very bio diverse area which I love ( upstate New York, USA) and have been using the no dig method to prepare many new areas on the property for future gardening sites. Thanks for sharing so much information with your enthusiastic followers all over the world. You make a positive difference in our world👍👍👍
you should still be able to compost yard waste and garden debris without any problems (wood chips, leaves, grass clippings, dead plants etc.). I'm also in upstate NY, originally Northern VT, and bears have no interest in that stuff at all.
BEARS!! And I was just worrying about mice!!
Amazing.
Soil food web!!
I hear you about bears! I used to collect the odd “visiting card” and add it to the pile. Just so if people asked me how I grew my garden, I could smile sweetly and say “Bear manure”. That was on an acreage, Kootenay region in Southern Interior B.C. I am in the village now and have to worry about rats. My solution is to put anything remotely food like in a tumbler first, then add it to the pile when it is half done. Things like apple and potato peelings.
@@ienekevanhouten4559 Great strategy! What tumbler are you using?
I'd give a limb to be able to wander your lovely garden! 😍 that birdseye view is something to envy!
Thanks 💚
Recently discovered Charles and really loving it, but £20k sales for one full time and two part-time workers clearly doesn’t stack commercially, unless you’re also running a TH-cam channel with 800k subscribers! Very inspiring for hobbyist gardeners though: bravo!
You are so right! Thanks
WE COMPOST EVERYTHING AND WE BELIEVE IN EVERYTHING WE COMPOST !!!!!!!!!!
Your videos are always a joy to watch because of your sincerity and joy for gardening. Thank you.
You are so welcome
Composting is both 'wonderful', and 'surprising'! Two years ago we moved house and bought a 'robo- composting bin' (just a plastic bin with a lid on top, about a meter high). Into it we have been putting all the 'fresh' (non cooked) kitchen waste, and all the 'poop' and bedding from our rabbit. The bin is still no where close to being full! In the process, I seem to have become an 'expert' worm breeder! However I have also become to appreciate how powerful the natural processes are, that are involved in turning living material into valuable material for other plants. If you want to gain an insight into the natural world, I can seriously recommend a 'compost bin' of almost any size, and just sit back and watch what happens!
Nice comment Gordon! Captivating indeed.
Can you tell Me more about this And how it works I would like to know I have rabbits and getting chickens soon
Apart from being small the plastic bins are rubbish. The ingredients a compost needs are nitrogen (grass) carbon (manure ,leaf mould) air and water. Not much air and water in a plastic bin,
This Man is a kindred Spirit. I love your show. I would have to agree about the do’s and don’ts. I have an enormous amount of Plantain and curly Dock. So I use them as my Greens. Not enough Vegetable waste, so have to think outside the square. I was watching a Video the other day where a Lady used a lot of fresh Horse Manure to heat her Greenhouse as she lives in a very cold part of UK. I have 3 Ponies and 5 Chickens, so love recycling and utilising all that I can get my hands on.
Thanks for sharing Wendy, good to compost dock leaves :)
Hotbeds are great!
Thank you for sharing your experience with us. Greetings from the Dominican Republic.
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Charles, you have been such an inspiration to me! Your advice has helped me realize that sometimes I can just let my garden do what it needs to be doing...
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"It's a joy to behold..." as are you Sir Charles 🌞 Thanks for all your teaching!
It’s always a pleasure to hear your voice. Thx Charles.
I just spread my first ever home made compost! Thank you for teaching me how to make it. My bins are made from pallets like these ones, and was worried about it not getting hot. I turned once like you said in a previous video. We actually had grass snakes laying in it which was an amazing discovery. I'm looking forward to seeing how my raspberries do next year, it's so exciting creating something so useful out of 'waste' and very satisfying lowering my carbon footprint and reducing landfill. Thank you
Wonderful Debbie, so nice to hear!
Almost everything I know on composting comes from Charles' books and videos. I use to compost even bones, meat and dairy leftovers from the kitchen. Never had any issue, nor rats. Thank You Charles!
Be honest, you just composted any rats that made it into the pile 😂
@@mikemorton954 and probably a couple of cats too... Seriously, I throw leftovers on the pile and cover them immediately with a couple of shovels of manure. Even the rats do not dare to eat them.
So nice, gulp, thanks for sharing and happy to help!
The only time I ever had rats was when I dumped in a bunch of dried corn (we tried it for grinding our own corn meal, but didn’t like it)
Easiest and most efficient way imo is to just plant crops on compost piles. I threw some horse and sheep manure on my compost pile with a little dirt on top and planted a few heavy feeders in that as an experiment(pattison pumpkins and money maker tomatos). They are giants with lots of pumpkins and tomatos.
I love your composting videos. I've actually come to enjoy composting as much as gardening ... although I guess composting is part of gardening :)
Nice video 👍I just appreciate the fact that you take your time to educate your viewers. I learn alot from you . And I am glad to be a subscriber on your channel that way I never miss out the good stuffs.
greetings here I'm a huge fan of earning more money, and I think everyone should have a side hustle. side hustling can allow you to earn that little bit of extra money that can help you achieve your financial goals faster - whether it's paying off student loans or saving for retirement.
Lots of people have become successful through the crypto market
@@user-dt2oh3yl6w Speaking of crypto trading, it's the best business in the world right now. Because I know a couple of friends who make a whole lot of money trading the financial market.
NEVER LOSS?... I sincerely doubt when I see such things like 100% WIN strategy, Crypto trading is very technical, involves carefulness and great IQ... I wonder doing that with no losses or I will say only a professional trader/broker can do that.
Nowadays, there are lots of brokers and to find one, it most be online, retail, trusted and reliable. So please how can I find a professional broker to trade with?
Glad to help Reginald, thanks for saying
You made me smile again, Charles. I'm away from the garden and missing it badly. Ty for the video. Hagd.
I love all of your videos on composting. I have followed your guidelines for several years now, and my garden has benefited immensely. Thank you!
love me some cranky old Dowding.
I absolutely agree that a lot of rubbish is talked about gardening which is wrong! I read the results of trials and then in the same (unnamed) magasine the 'experts' trolling out the same old rubbish! Charles Dowding is my hero!
Thankyou Natalie!
Excellent video Charles - I love the way you encourage people to try things out and to dismiss falsehoods about gardening,
ATB
Woody
Inspiration for being a better gardener! March 16 and 39 degrees F. Cool week ahead good for some heavy work and chores. Thank you Charles, you've got a spring in your steps!
Key! "Inform yourself". Remain teachable and have fun! Love your work.
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I’ve made compost for the first time and it is really simple. The points raised in this video will be very helpful to those who are new to making compost so thank you. Kind regards. Gary
Nice work Gary
Heya Charles. I've learned so much from you after watching nearly 100 videos. I know you generally set about 6 months for compost, ish........ I live in the tropics. If I start a large say, 1.5 meters high by 2 meters wide pile of leaves, weeds, and other small bits I find I have finished compost in 2-3 months. Adding manure, pouring urine, and turning it every 2 weeks helps. If I turn it only once through the process it takes 4-6 months. Sometimes I will add small sticks, palm, etc and it generally gets tossed in the next pile when I sort it out. Thinking of starting a compost business next year as the stuff we have here in SE Asia is rubbish. Thanks again for all your useful tips.
Hi Juguru, and this is music to my ears - a compost business! Many will thank you and I hope you earn money to pay for the work.
Your conditions are clearly so different and in some ways ideal, so 3 months is definitely best plan.
@@CharlesDowding1nodig
Ground elder.....I've loads I can't get rid of, but I like the idea of composting them, roots and all.
Charles you are a source of an amazing knowledge and I'm really glad that you share it with all of us!!
I appreciate that!
I follow your advice because you speak from experience. Thank you for all the valuable and useable information. Blessings from Oregon, USA.
You are so welcome
thank you charles for this video, since going no dig 2 years ago, i now compost everything : blighted plants, roots of bind weed, dandelion, couch grass. making beautiful compost others on my site " oh yoyu cant compost that" i just let them get on with it. but then most people admire how good looking my crops are and how few weeds i have. yet when i talk about no dig they still rather dig. strange. have a great week!!!
😀 lovely to hear of your results neil, and I have always found it so strange that people often ignore what is right in front of them, something that can save them time and give great results! There's a big understanding here for humanity.
Maybe if they knew how much carbon they were releasing with each shovel full of disturbance they would think twice? Oh well, at least the chiropractors are happy.
@@Lauradicusunbelievabley one plot holder last winter dug his plot over 3 times, unfortunately some people are just stuck in their ways, same as when I use peat free occasionally I get no problems with germination, but the same people always state its rubbish and they can't grow in it.
Did you say " compostion" ? That is a fantastic word. No dig is a reality of successful gardens. 🇨🇦
Thank you Charles, I’ve been using the pallets as well and have more to use…I have a wood chipper too, I will do more of what you say- I truly appreciate your knowledge and experience thank you kindly! 💚
Nice to hear and I wish you success
I'm starting my first own compost heap and I am genuinely excited about it realising it is the source of nutrients and microbiology for the whole system.
Kinda fascinating
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Çok zarifsiniz. İngilizce altyazı eklediğiniz için kendi dilimde altyazılı olarak videolarınızı takip ediyorum. İngilizce aslında anlıyorum ama Türkçe okuyarak ilerleyince eksiklerimi görüyorum. Bu videonuz ise Türkçe altyazılı. Önce defalarca dinledim. Şimdi okuyarak eksiklerimi tamamlıyorum. Çok teşekkür ederim.
Bunu gördüğüme sevindim. Daha fazla videoya Türkçe altyazı koymak isterdim ama son zamanlarda fiyatı çok yükselttiler ve bu oldukça pahalı olurdu!
İngilizce altyazı eklediğiniz için videolarınızı kendi dilimde altyazı ile izleyebiliyorum. Bu yeterlidir. Çok teşekkür ediyorum. Çok naziksiniz.
our little farm now composts the town yard waste so that I can produce enough for our market gardens, thank you for all your inspiration! We've worked a lot on balance and heat this year
Wonderful! Thanks for sharing this lovely news
Forever thankful 💕 hugs from Medellín, Charles
Man... you're debunking a lot of agricultural dogmas, myths and fears, with such a shocking calmness. Approximately 10 years of experience in this job I have, still a lot to learn, and everything is becoming increasingly simpler and more enjoyable. Thank you for sharing your knowledge and many blessings to you.
Nice to see this and thanks. I'm happy that you are enjoying it more!
Only Charles would have greens for the compost that look so good I'd snatch them up for the table! Great video as always.
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Effortless turning of compost. I made a cage of chicken wire to totally enclose material. Before filling, I laid two parallel ropes. By securing two ends and bringing the other two over cage. Pulling these two will roll entire pile . I leave my riding mower attached and turn pile frequently cover with a tarp. I love composting every way I've tried. A backhoe worked really well too.lol
Excellent Mike!
Querido Charles respondiste a todas mis preguntas ... compost sin necesidad de calentar... y se puede usar aunque falte un poco... y todo. Me encantó porque este año decidí no andar con vueltas y poner todo en el compost... pasto enredaderas .... cómo experimento porque me parecía demasiado lo que dicen que no se puede poner esto o aquello y me acabas de confirmar!!
Siempre una alegría verte.
Acá en Bariloche recién empiezo con la siembra de primavera verano. Un abrazo.
Gracias Griselda por sus comentarios y es un placer para mí poder ayudarlo. ¡Es una lástima que tanta gente parezca querer que las cosas se compliquen mucho! Ahora encuentras la alegría de la sencillez. Buena suerte con tus nuevas siembras.
@@CharlesDowding1nodig es un placer y un honor conocerte Charles. No sólo en la huerta ... la sencillez es de las pocas cosas que me emocionan en la vida.
Se complican porque hasta haciendo jardín o huerta quieren ganar y triunfar pero trabajar con la tierra es ayudarla sembrar y que sea lo que la naturaleza quiera...🌿🥬🍅
Precioso Bariloche, me encantaría volver para que mi familia lo conociera
I really appreciate all the advice and knowledge that you have learned over the years of making compost! Great work Mr. Dowding!
I will be forever thankful Charles, for all that knowledge spread with the world
I'm in my first year of no dig and composting, even being in another climate (italy) it does work perfect, plants loving it
Looking forward soon to start buying your books from your Amazon profile, will get them all
Ps: Did you made any sticker of the circular "no dig" logo?
Greetings and much love from Italy, we adore you
So nice of you and I'm happy to hear this. 💚
No stickers yet!
I love yours words!!! You have a true...in your garden!!!
I love composting. We run a poultry farm and use the manure. Black gold! Thankyou for all your wonderful inspiration and ideas Charles.
Cheers Jenny 💚
Gave up on my barrel composter after getting anaerobic messes even after upping the carbon in the ratio. Moved to larger heaps outside and got to about 48 C and have lovely compost now. Thanks for all of the videos you share.
Thanks to finding your channel & following your advice, I've already exceeded 150kg of fruit & veg off my 44'x11' (including 8'x6' greenhouse) plot this year & there's still leeks celery, beetroot, brussels sprouts to come & even tomatoes(sungold), cucumbers & chilli peppers to pick, so I'll get close to 200kg by year's end (all produce scribbled down in your perpetual diary).
My compost has vastly improved, as has the amount & the 2:1 by volume shredded cardboard/grass clippings mix has been consistently hot & the bay filled by late May has broken down completely, with masses of worm activity. I think I'll have enough for a 2" layer over all the beds & the greenhouse by Christmas.
That is so wonderful and what a great feeling to have so much good food to eat, and in my case to imagine the health it will bring you
Looking at this beautiful video transported me temporarily to the UK even though I cannot travel there now. What a joy! Thank you!
One day... thanks
"There's a lot of nonsense out there" That's the truth! Thank you for your videos. I have learned so much.
Glad you like them 😀
I also chuck on most things on the compost heap from the garden!
This video helped me realize that my first batch of compost is useable! I was so excited to spread it on my raised beds today get the bin ready for a second batch. I hope to have one ready for spring. My bin isn’t big enough to get very hot but it worked great nevertheless. Thanks for continuing to talk about compost. So helpful and inspiring!
Wonderful Amy! Thanks for your feedback :)
Thank you, Charles. Just sorting my bays to try this system as I never seem to have enough room using three bays traditionally. Wonderfully clear as always. Joy
Glad it helped Joy, best of luck
Always good to see my instincts proved right! I have a similar system on the go at the special needs school I work at, so it’s nice to see my methods validated
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I came to see you last night in Street and was so fascinated by everything you said. I was chatting to my husband when I got home particularly about why we shouldn't dig, and about what you said about disturbing/recovery and that resonated with him. He's a tattoo artist and because of his job, has learnt a lot about the skin and it struck him how many similarities we could make between soil and our skin. I really agree and again, it explains so much as to why the no dig method is much more effective in so many ways.
I also very much liked it as I've always spread fresh compost on my flower beds rather than dig and turn the soil as I've watched my mum do over the years. Only mine was out of laziness rather than wisdom but I'm glad that what I was doing was better for the soil and ecosystem within!
Hi Melanie, this is nice to hear and it's lovely you can both see those similarities.
Skin as soil, no dig tattoos :)
Yes! I think we tend to forget that skin is our biggest organ and we perhaps take it for granted and don't appreciate how important it is....and of course, if we were to keep picking or poking at it, we'd bruise, damage, scar. And it's helpful to think of soil in the same way, especially with lots going on in those top layers, just as with skin.
I'm absolutely going to very much enjoy planting some veg this year, and have some fabulous compost coming along with thanks to our chickens and their chopped straw bedding!
Love you honesty Charles 🌱💜🌱
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Look at the lawn ❤️😊
We have a good grass climate :) mild and damp
I make excellent compost using the Darlec compost bin next to the bins. I also have a hotbin compost bin which is meant to be quicker but it’s sticky and clumpy so may be better to put on the beds to over winter for the frost to break it down. Thank you for sharing your experience, I do enjoy watching your weekly videos.
Such a beautiful and maintained place
One of my favourite gardening books is yours - 'Gardening Myths'.
Thankyou :)
Charles I don't know about anyone else, but you are the only one I take advice from. When I hear others talk about rotating crops or you need to til to loosen the soil for the roots, I'm shaking my head and thinking you people are making more work for yourself.!!
Thanks Wende. I think it's that when people make something sound complicated, it elevates their perceived status as a teacher!
Crop rotation makes no sense soil wise. Plants have a symbiotic relationship with specific soil microorganisms 🦠 and they spend a season fine tuning that relationship. Then you pop in a crop that needs a different support cast that must now be tailored? Seems like a source of stress to me.
I think the pests and disease issues others have when not rotating crops has more to do with unhealthy soil organisms, monoculture and synthetic treatments than what is actually planted. I mean if you think about it every nutrient a plant needs to grow is already right there in the ground. As long as the bacteria, fungi, amino acids, micro and macro arthropods are there to make those nutrients available and there is enough moisture to meet the needs of all those critters there’s really no need to interfere.
Sure, pests will still come. Good. Gives the beneficial insects something to eat. Diseases will still show up. But I’ve noticed they tend to attack only the weakest plants. I forced myself to just observe this season and it was hard to leave it up to Mother Nature but you know what? She’s better at it than I will ever be. ‘Scuse me while I go snack on a pea that survived powdery mildew. 😜
@@CharlesDowding1nodig
Oh, excellent point.!
As a beginning gardener you e made composting super approachable for me and I’m so thankful! I’ve been composting a year now and I throw my weeds and grass and all kinds of stuff in it and it’s been great! I’m so thankful for your videos.
Lovely to hear Estrella
I popped a whole lot of tiny potatoes into the compost along with a few normal size that got speared and ruined during harvest and they survived in the compost heaps (pretty big in the Tram Stop!). I guess the heaps weren't hot enough to kill them, so I put any I come across into the bin. Good idea to turn two heaps into one bay. enjoyed the video guys!
You can actually grow potatoes in a compost heap - I've thrown tiny potatoes which emerge the following spring as plants into a bathtub at my allotment which I use as a composting area and each autumn I end up with an extra harvest of potatoes!
This video is so helpful and important information, I've taken on a allotment for just over a year now and have been told alot of outdated information. I find this channel so helpful and by just watching this channel I am learning a hell of a lot. Im so thankful 👍
Wonderful! You are right that there is a lot of false information being shared, and well done for noticing! Good luck with making compost.
Thank you Charles for sharing your knowledge. 🙏
Experience and the way to understand and use it. You, Charles, have wisdom :-)
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There is always something new to learn
Respect from Africa 🇿🇦
Lekker man
Ja Pappa.
Thanks for share
You have nice garden
Using city yard waste this year. Been getting 15 yards at a time. Placing our chicken waste in one pile Nd our house waste in another. Yesterday I was shifting through it. Looks amazing. Prayering this year I get production. Last spring I brought soil, the wrong soil. It shed water and plants suffered and didn't grow. I love your videos. Although on another continent. Prayers. Keep smiling
Thanks! I wonder if last year's purchase was simply too hot and fresh, it might be Growing but I think it's now after a year, I hope it all works out for you this year
@@CharlesDowding1nodig it shed water . No matter how much I watered or it stormed. Water would no absorb passed an inch deep. So this year I am adding what I got from city yard waste. In city near us. I know the bits of wood will not be good in away for garden but I think might help asorborting. Thank you for your videos. I look up to you and others who take the time to teach people. Keep smiling and God bless.
Can't wait to make make my food forest now 🤟
I have begun using woodchips for bedding for my chickens, goats and calves. I scoop solid waste as much as I can and add a bit of straw to the top. Doing this as a deep litter system, I am hoping for amazing compost after it has been turned several times
in the spring.
I am trying an experiment by compressing weeds in a soda bottle that I hang on a wall. Moisture has begun in the bottom and the weeds are shrinking in size so I just add more through the little door I cut in the top. I am amazed at the amount of weeds i have put into the 2littre bottle that get sun in the afternoon.
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Understatement! On gardening, "There's a lot of nonsense out there."
Ghetto rehab farming for crackheads pretending to be in rehab.
Not only on gardening, unfortunately!
There are also places where the "non sense" works under local conditions. I love this channel, but am well aware that my dry, high altitude climate would take several years to accomplish the compost that Charles does here.
@@Neenerella333 I live in a semi-desert area and admittedly not a high altitude. I have adequate moisture to keep my compost on the damp side and I keep it covered. Standard, routine practices work for me - it takes about 3 months for finished compost if I have enough of the right material to make an aerobic pile. About 6 - 8 months if I'm unable to get enough of the right materials.
I don't know of any other way to make compost - just the right amount and mixture of greens and browns with sufficient moisture. Cheers
Last year I started my hand at hot compost....wish I had a tad more land like you to do my ideas but make do with what I have!
A very informative video. I have four 3.6m3 bins, and had fair but not great results. Since retiring I've done it much as described, and also added a layer of nettles every six inches or so. This seems to accelerate the process a great deal and improves the result. I also started growing micro greens using coco-coir as a grow medium and dump that, rich with roots and stems, in the bins, which also helps the finished results a lot. The worms seem to love it.
Also, I don't turn the piles between March and october, as they are full of grass snake and slow worm eggs.
You are getting organised Alan, love it! A whole extra hobby and always the interest in results
You have a beautiful garden. Thank you.
I've used woodchips as browns for our small heaps this year (putting food scraps into daleks each day) and it really seems to work amazingly well. The woodchips had already rotted down for over 6 months before I started using them (we got the woodchips September 2020 and started using them in the heaps in April 2021). We got ours from the neighbours having tree surgeons controlling their trees and I simply asked them if I could have the chipped prunings.
I'm going to try an experiment of putting woodchips atop one of my no-dig beds to see if it works as a long-term mulch a la 'Back to Eden' (a chap in Washington State whose name I've forgotten). Obviously I'll keep on making compost too, because we have green and brown waste from the garden.
You do exceptional gardening Charles. I love that you said most things are non sense. I agree with you!!
Thank you kindly. You empower yourself by noticing that and working things better 🏆
love this video and your attitude... keep the basics in mind and think of it as cooking.
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I throw out a lot of kitchen scraps, including a lot of paper towels that I use, as well as scraps of cardboard (tissue rolls etc) it seems to work well as a good brown/green mix. I need to resist the urge to keep filling the bins and let it fully break down!
Sounds good, and if you had space for a second bin that would be ideal
@@CharlesDowding1nodig got two already, but I produce enough to fill them both, they are the plastic dalek type bins so they don't hold tons. They get very warm though and the mass drops quickly, so I should get some good compost out of it once I leave it alone!
Great and informative as always. Thank you Charles!
Excellent advice Charles 👌
I layer shredded cardboard and grass clippings and turn it every few days. After 6 months of adding turning and then letting it alone for a few months I think it looks ready.👍
Sounds great Peggy
I've just assembled two tall metal 'Birdies' raised garden beds, 2m length x 1.3m width x 0.74m high. This autumn I am filling them up with garden debris, leaves, twigs, clippings, tired potting soil, dead annuals, etc. I'll loosely cover with pallets/tarps and let nature work her magic all winter! I should have a nice base by late spring, composting 'in place' if you will. I'll need much less actual soil to top up the raised beds next spring. My actual compost bay is filling up quickly as well! Who would've thunk composting brings such joy ?!
Lovely to read this :)
Thank you so much for your knowledge and time.
New to composting. Thank you for relieving some of my fear with your calm delivery of knowledge.
Thanks, and you can do it!
As always Charles thank you
Just brilliant to hear all these myths being turned upside down!! Fantastic. Thank you your my garden hero. 😊🙌🏾
My pleasure Caroline
Such a lovely garden.
ALWAYS such a pleasure to watch your videos. THANK YOU for sharing your wealth of knowledge, expertise, wisdom and humor.
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Superb no nonsense vidéo Charles. The door is always open if ever you're passing through.
Haha thanks Daniel
It’s good that someone is highlighting composting. But turning bins is very hard work. Gather the ingredients and then mix each top up pile together with the ingredients and put that on the compost pile. Just leave it. 5-6 months you have decent compost for use in the garden.
Yes, you are right Arthur. I am showing the results of one method and there are so many.
Thank You For share
watching from Korea! I am so interested in making compost! I learned a lot from your video. It makes me so relaxed the way you explain how to do all things! Thanks♡
So nice of you and I wish you successful compost making!
Que genial Charles, coincidentemente estoy practicando 3 formas de compostar, feliz de adquirir conocimientos 💚
Olá amigo, como você está
Wow! What a beautiful opening shot!
thanks for sharing 👍