@keith mullens i also think that the conditions and probability for emergence of life and even more it's further survival are so unlikely that it needs a whole universe to make it possible. Perhaps there is another life form in another universe?
Carl Sagan's book "Cosmos" was my first introduction to true science....Yes,I actually kept checking the book store for weeks until it came out...Hardback,first edition..I Cherish it to this day. Love your channel,and the way you present your videos. Very well thought out,structured to convey the information whether you are new or not to these kind of videos. Keep on doing what you do,your great!😁😁
@@ShahidKhan-th2tl well, I'm perusing Physics in general for now, but astrophysics is what made is interesting for me. Then I started seeing that Physics is so much more than just "Car A, Car B" questions.
This is absolutely fascinating. I, as a mere human being who's simply curious to her core, genuinely cannot wait for more data on this. Watching this channel has honestly driven my curious brain to maybe even attempt to become an astrophysicist. This stuff is honestly too interesting to just be left alone ✋
I just discovered Dr. Becky. She is so cool and enthusiastic. I think she'd be a good model for my TH-cam loving granddaughter. Though at eight and a half, she wouldn't sit still for a video this long and relatively advanced (for her).
What makes her so watchable is her ability to explain things in a simple and humorous and understandable way. It doesn't hurt that she's easy on the eyes.
Bravo for pronouncing the adjective correctly. One of my pet aversions is when the verb spelling / enthused/ is used as an adjective. I wholeheartedly agree with you about her enthusiasm. Her charisma is electric... It is downright palpable and I'm certain she is doing wonders in regards to generating interest in the science.
I love the way our main goal has shifted from exploring nearby stuff, to unashamedly trying to prove we're not alone by exploring all the nearby stuff for signs of anything that proves otherwise.
imagine living on Enceladus and watching Saturn and it's rings rise above the horizon, that would be an amazing sight!! thanks Dr Becky for another great vid!!!!
@@ancientswordrage The Earth’s atmosphere absorbs light? So would we be able to see earth 🌏 if it’s not radiating? I don’t know if the ocean blue is ultra violet sponge, but appear black.
I just don’t see how it makes sense for life as we know it to consist on a moon near a giant body if Mars and the stories in the past causing stresses to the earth from proximity. But why the heck are there even volcanoes on moons? How does any of it contribute to the Solar System? Maybe we were all moons to giant bodies before we lost resonance and maybe the earth was much much larger before getting pulled towards the Sun
@@nousernamejoshua1556 Earth reflects light, thats how pictures like the blue marble were taken. The Cassini probe has already taken a picture of Earth from Saturn, and yes, it does look like a blue dot, and with a high enough exposure, you can see the moon.
@@nousernamejoshua1556 It doesn't contribute in anyway, moons and planets dont have a purpose, much less what they have. How does life contribute to the solar system? And life on Titan is most likely life as we know it(carbon based) even a very tiny prokaryotic cell is life.
It would be interesting if the possible underground ocean of Titan interacts with its hydrocarbon-rich surface and atmosphere. It could make the conditions for the formation of life more favourable.
Thanks for mentioning "different chemistry" and hinting at what that would mean. To me, that's a milestone question to get answered. We've found lots of water. Now we're looking for basic, independently evolved life. If we find this on other bodies on our solar system, life, at least microbial life, is likely common in the universe.
Iain M. Banks, The Algebraist: "I was born on a water moon...". But that is a later book. Start with reading his book "Consider Phlebas". His Culture universe books are absolutely brilliant, and I've been reading Sci Fi all my life.
Regarding Saturn's moons I think the timescale of the system's more likely young relative age which suggests the moon system is relatively young no more than a quarter of the age of the solar system and likely far younger with the majority of the moons . With such a young age the system's dynamics may be far more volatile. Note that these "extremophiles" around vent environments are actually the most conservative or ancestral metabolically i.e. the chemosynthetic pathways based around carbon fixation by the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway utilizing transition elements as electron donars to fix carbon dioxide with molecular hydrogen which is thought to be the most probable metabolic pathway of the Last Universal Common Ancestor of life on earth based on studying the conserved genetic code across all domains of life. If life arises quickly then it it seems a good bet it could arise in Saturn's system despite its surprisingly young age really it is a fascinating system but I imagine any life will still be simple if it is present. (I hope it is but need to keep my biases in check)
@Smee Self Peculiarly strange thing to say since Arthur C.Clarke was one of the most serious science fiction authors rooted in science. Is that meh a sign of lack of willingingness of imagination? Just note that without imagination/speculation there is no drive for exploration and no good science comes out of that either.
@Smee Self 2001 A Space Odyssey was one of the most scientifically accurate space exploration movies; also Clarke was one of the principal designers of the first communication satellites.
It may seem strange but I am very interested in the possibility of life on Titan, especially in its lakes. Everyone is always fixated on water for obvious reasons, but other liquid solvents may serve as a medium for complex chemical reactions. Titan is covered in a dust of Tholins which rain down onto the surface. These are organo-nitrogen molecules with polymeric structures. The chemistry of Titan is rich. Some studies have even suggested possible membrane like structures which could form under the conditions in Titan's lakes, with a different chemistry to terrestrial biomembranes. There is also an odd idea about planets being too cold for life. As long as there is a liquid medium present, in which complex chemical reactions can take place, it is warm enough.
Finding life elsewhere in the Solar System (and ruling out panspermia) would be a HUUUUGE deal. It would significantly impact our probability models for alien life in the rest of the Universe. Some estimate that on average, one planet in an entire galaxy develops life. If that were true, the chances of finding life in two locations in a single star/planet system that have evolved independently would be ridiculously improbable. Finding life elsewhere in the Solar System vastly increases the likelihood that our Galaxy (and others) is teeming with life.
I would say even more promising than Enceladus is Jupiter's moon, Europa. Some interesting deposits on the surface from the subsurface ocean there. That said, Titan has to be the most tantalising. That could be the only planet, other than Earth, that has life on the surface. Hope I'm still around when drone arrives.
Sooo excited about finding life on nearby planets and moons, not so excited about life flying about your face here on earth. Love your presentations, Dr. Becky!
More like, is there life on Earth other than Dr. Becky? As a 5-planet watery empath I'm struck with mysterious innocence, with hope, wonder and a sense belonging.. enchanted by Grace. Definitions:: A heart has heard two ways through life. The way of nature. And the way of grace. You have to choose which one you'll follow. Grace doesn't try to please itself. It accepts being slighted, forgotten, disliked. It accepts insults and injuries. Nature only wants to please itself. Get others to please it too. It likes to lord it over them. To have its own way. It finds reasons to be unhappy. When all the world is shining around it. And love is smiling through all things. They taught us, that no one who loves the way of grace, ever comes to a bad end.
Am I not going to get a definite answer on this tonight? Seriously I really do love when U-tube is educational but not a lecture. A joy to learn from you. Thanks!
First off, I love the Doc Brown nod. That was cool. There are so many things we don't know about the universe and it's processes. Everyone says " life as we know it". I believe there are forms of life that live outside of all of our theories. When it comes to the universe, there is just no telling. That's what makes the cosmos so intriguing to me. One can never get bored lookin' up.
My only TH-cam crush is Dr. Becky. The way these videos inspire and challenge me to think is just so invigorating. That being said, Enceladus needs to be studied. The icy moons in general. The recipes for life are there. I have a personal connection to Saturn. When I was a Boy Scout, my troop met a Dr. Schumacher from Pasadena's JPL (part of NASA), and we were able to schedule a tour of JPL involving my entire 5th grade class back in 1995/1996. As we concluded our tour, we were asked to write down our name and a single sentence about ourselves, what we signed would be scanned and added to a "digitized disc" like a DVD or CD that would be put on the Cassini mission to Saturn orbiter. The initial idea was the orbiter was supposed to be launched into interstellar space like the Voyager missions and our statements would be added to a load of other data like the golden records of Voyager, but I guess NASA found it might be better to slam the orbiter into Saturn itself for some research reasons. The tour was awesome, and I encourage anyone who can to schedule a tour. Another notable aspect of the tour I went on was seeing the Mars Pathfinder mission and the Sojourner rover under construction.
IF there's liquid water - there's life. at one time - no life in a drop of water cause we can't see it ... at one time - we didn't think there could be life in deep caves ... at one time - we knew there couldn't be life in sulfur springs ... at one time - we just knew no life could be found on the bottom of the ocean . . . Water = Life.
And won't it be cool when you know as much as, if not more than, the "old hands"? Also, remember the many, many groundbreaking discoveries made by women!
The Cassini mission is really what got me into astronomy and astrophysics in the first place. There is so much science surrounding the Saturn system. Impossible to not be impressed reading the papers on the data this spacecraft returned to us.
Whatever there are any to find is irrelevant. The adventure of going out there to get those samples are worth it by itself. And then a second expedition find the bacteria left by our insufficiently cleaned spaceship. 😄
is it possible to self learn physics from classical mech to quantum mech with the help of open courseware videos/books , if yes is there a path that you would suggest atleast as a hobby/passion
I'd say it is possible, but it's going to be very difficult as you need not only to understand physics but have at least a decent understanding of the maths behind it. I'd say it would take about 2-3 years to go from very simple newtonian mechanics to quantum mechanics if you're starting from square one. Also you'll always want people with whom you can discuss the things you're learning, often the after class talks with your classemates might give you the best insight. So yeah it is possible but in my opinion it's very hard, it's easier if you learn the basics via a formal eduacation and once you have a firm understanding of physics you can research topics on your own.
yes, it's absolutely doable and you may learn better than most students. as a math and physics student, the vast majority of what i learn is not from teachers at all but instead from reading textbooks and doing lots of problems through self study. in school, students mostly get second hand and abbreviated information from the professor (textbooks generally have much more detail), do their assigned problems, and read only as much as they need to. if you're carefully reading the book and doing a lot of problems, you can develop a much stronger grasp of the material. read the textbooks, do the problems, ask for help on the physics and math subreddits or on stack exchange. look at the sidebars for these subreddits, aka the About sections, for related subreddits and other resources. there are textbook recommendations if you need them as well. before getting a particular textbook (many can be gotten for free on libgen.is), try to also find solutions manuals. chegg.com is very helpful for this. when you read a part of a textbook that shows to do a problem or derives concepts, read one like at a time while covering the rest of the page, and try to write out what you think will be happening. use solutions manuals this same way after trying the problem yourself a few times. keep a list of interesting problems as flash cards or in a spreadsheet. just keep the book name, chapter number, problem number, and maybe page. shuffle and do a few random problems to review to maintain knowledge. feel free to ask more questions. good luck
i also disagree with the other comment. the basics of these subjects are straightforward and accessible compared to higher level material. quantum mechanics starts getting hairy, but again there's plenty of material out there and entire forums of people who can help online. generally, teachers only have time to give a cursory explanation of material, and students often don't do enough work ahead of class to really ask juicy questions (people rarely and questions at all). formal education for the basics is categorically less rigorous than someone thoroughly going through a textbook and doing all the derivations themselves.
@@jamieg2427 I understand your point because for the most part most students (including myself) end up pretty much teaching themselves the entire course like you have stated the lecture time is limited and I've contemplated plenty of times that If I were to go back in time and re-study everything in my physics and maths bachelor's I'd probbably be able to do it even faster now that I know what to look up. However starting off, all the subjects seem overwhelming and reading up a textbook will be challenging for any beginner, also knowing from which textbook to read as there are textbooks for introductory courses and those for more advance clases in this sense a class gives you a structure, more often they'll give you a recommended amount of textbooks, problem sheets and form there you can pretty much everything else on your own. Besides I specially feel when it comes down to proving things in maths it takes some time for people to develop that skill and often you need other people to help you with that. And so while I completely agree with you in theory, in practice it just doesn't work all that simply.
@@professortachyon780 true, though reddit has great textbook recommendations that give some guidance, plus if one asks questions as they get frustrated or run into issues, they can get input from others online that will help. when i take classes, although i do the problems asked for by the teacher, i read the book and do most of the textbook problems---as many as i can before the relevant class is taught on that material. so it's also as if i don't have guidance at first. i always come to class feeling like what the professor teaches is only scratching the surface of what i just taught myself. in my opinion, the approach i described above is the true concept a person should learn when they learn math or physics: how to study material for themselves. the actual subjects are besides the point. it's much more rewarding, creates a sense of exploration, and the student feels less lost. i'll explain why. when i was tutoring before the pandemic, i'd often ask students why they use a particular equation to solve a problem. their reply was always, "it's from my notes." and i asked them where it comes from and they couldn't explain or build the equation from simpler concepts. they're just using tools blindly without understanding what or why they're doing it. it's a fragile approach that breaks when you encounter difficult problems and it comes from depending too much on formal education rather than informal self-study.
Hello Dr. Becky I know that you probably have more important to work on. . .but when you find the time look for a feature on your camera or Phone called White Balance ,WB for short and try different setting of the white balance ...your video have an orange tint to them due to your light source in your room. The color temperature on your video are off. Selecting the right White Balance will help.
VDO is amazing 🎉🎉 Btw yesterday I completed space at the speed of light and the book is truly magnificent... (I wish I too had glowing thumbnails and extending arms 😂😂)
"It was a god-awful small affair, for the girl with the mousie hair... ...is there life on En-ceeeeeel-adus? (Or possibly Titan)?" Yeah, it might be more scientifically plausible, but these revised lyrics definitely don't scan too well.
I liked it when you were talking about the life on other planets, and then when some life from your own planet flew into your room you got angry :D No, but it does make you appreciate life on this planet more. You understand how unique it is!
I’m not as interested in solar system astronomy…personally more of a deep sky guy (rhyme intended 🤭) but this topic has always intrigued me! Thanks for the video
I've deduced it's the Sun's core tilting back towards the plane of the planets, with extra strong gravitational force interacting with dark matter cores of planets & moons.
DrBecky at 5:45 : “But life is more complex than just mixing the ingredients together” I was about to reply with “Life… huh finds a way…” but then I noticed your t-shirt.
We need small easy probes to ALL planets and bigger moons. Just throw them up in space on smaller rockets. And then bigger things to explore deeper on the places that are of more interest
Hey Dr. Becky, I really like your way of presenting the most amazing cosmological events happening all around the universe . I kindly request you to make a video on explaining cosmic reionization
You are a brilliant science communicator. I love how expressive your face is and your smart casual is always on point. I know its superficial; but it gives every talk you do a better chance for the science to engage us... I also tried your shampoo brand but it turns out its too humid in Queensland for shampoo with Marrakesh oil.
@liberal Rationalist I’m 53 and was just going to complain about Dizzy Dazza’s reply, but I admire & identify with your screen name. If that what being a geezer is about, bring it on.
Dr. Becky, the discussion on here about other based life forms is something I've pondered about for a while now, most go off of based on what we only know (water-based, H2). I believe this needs to be more mainstream in the field. Quite a bit of our discoveries was thought to not be possible, none the less they became a discovery. I think this is a better lens to look through to actually find other life, just looking for water-based life will cut us short, the universe is massive (possibly infinite, we will never find out). I believe this will eventually be proven, may not be in our solar system yet with Andromedia already possibly merging with our own galaxy. Perhaps you can do an entire video on other possible-based life forms, using your database and connections to use your findings to locate these new locations ... for fun basically. I do not have the resources, as you may have, so I tend to be limited on certain things besides critiquing (and with my view turning out to be true) other people's findings ... observations and placing their theories to play on my board.
A line (and scene setup) from a classic old movie reminds me of you... "Clever Girl..". You have it all covered from numerous angles. With luck, you'll remember that quote. 8-) Keep it up. Fine work. Terrific presentation.
Becky: in the US, they pronounce "geezer" as "guy-zer". A "geezer" is an old man. But I'm sure ensuing comments will inform you of this in maybe a not so polite manner.
I find it fascinating the culture that developed the English language has the hardest time actually speaking it... LOL I guess I'd just be happy if they stop adding a second i in the word aluminum and learn to pronounce that one simple word. Same with methane, its not meethane. Grammar Nazi's unite! LOL (but yes it really matters, if you wanna be taken seriously and not seen as a dullard or lazy)
I got my daughter addicted to Dr. B, this year she changes the school curriculum and moves on to additional subjects not taught in her current school curriculum so that she can more easily enroll in astrophysics at the University of Natural Sciences in three years. She is currently attending applied art and design, so this is a big leap Mission succeeded, thanks dr. B Edit: Dad (me) is nuclear technician
When we get there we will see little green men sledging down the mountains. Seriously another really interesting video. Thanks Dr. Becky Regards from Redruth Arnold.
Look at the water under the south pole. When tapped it was warm to hot due to volcano activity and teaming life under hundreds of feet (some number of meters) of ice above. Thanks for this thought lesson.
It's important to understand that having the ingredients of life doesn't mean that there's life. On the contrary, finding no life where "all ingredients are" means that there are missing ingredients.
Or maybe the chance event that spawned life is just vanishingly unlikely? So maybe there are many places with all the ingredients, but just this one place where that happened. (tbh I don't think I believe this, but we have to admit it as a possibility)
Another excellent upload Becks. I absolutely love all the banter that goes on with respect to the possibilities of a chance for life to develop elsewhere than here on earth. 🤔🥰🥰🥰🤔
Thanks Dr.B. It would be good to contrast Europa vs Enceladus and which is the more likely of the two. Both icy crusts, liquid oceans, tidally heated. Very similar worlds - Europa would likely have a better chance, but the plume data from Enceladus is enticing.
Your book just arrived and I've made it required summer reading for my daughters. I know you are a scientist first, but thank you for being a positive female role model for daughters everywhere.
after your video about the jwst I wanted to know more about lagrange points. so I did some "research" (read wikipedia and other more or less commonly known websites and watched some more youtube videos) and a fact which i encoutered everywhere, but coud never find an explanation for was, that L4 and L5 are stable. I know it must be true because of trojans but I can't find any source on why they are stable. could you or a community member maybe evplain that to me in much greater detail than coriolisforce?
Becky, I have a question. If you can't go faster than light speed, and 14 billion light years have passed since the big bang, wouldn't it follow that the universe we know has a radius of 14 billion light years? How come the observable universe has a radius of 46 billion light years? Is this something you would consider incorporating into a video one time?
There's a lot of papers post 2010 claiming that acetylene is abundant in Titan's atmosphere, and is the third most abundant hydrocarbon (after methane and ethane). The Huygen's probe also did GCMS and found acetylene, ethane, C2N2, and even CO2 at the surface.
Oddly enough, I recently rewatched 2010; The Year We Make Contact. Interestingly, in the original novel the Discovery went to Saturn, rather than Jupiter, settling in orbit around Iapetus
I've read that Enceladus is actually surprisingly young, which might hurt its chances of having life. Do you think the moon being (relatively) young makes it much less likely to have developed life?
This excellent as always discussion concerning life in our outer solar system does make me wonder about a redefinition of the term "habitable zone" around M class stars. What with the universe being as young as it is wrt to the time it will take for these very much more abundant flare stars to settle down (recent readings concerning alpha centauri proxima do make me shudder to wonder what it is like on the planet proxima B) - maybe proxima D might be a better place to hang around in. To be fair though, just because we are hanging around an incredibly short-lived star, maybe we just don't know how it is around the M-class stars. We don't live around one of those, so it's easy to point fingers at the ones that we find bafflingly tricky for life to exist in the so-called habitable zone. Food for thought.
I'm fairly certain that microbial life is fairly common in the universe. Even still, I would have an absolute cow if the existence of simple microorganisms on other worlds was confirmed in the Solar System. I wouldn't look at anything the same way again.
Dr. Becky, I know you love reviewing scifi movies. Have you had a chance to watch Europa Report? That movie could have easily been Enceledus Report. A manned mission to Europa to look for signs of life below the ice. I wont give anything away, but for scifi fans, I highly recommend.
I don’t see why people can’t comprehend the idea of life somewhere else… look what we find in our little solar system. There are so many other solar systems out there, you honestly think there isn’t intelligent life?! The only thing that prevents us from exploring is the vast distance of everything. We simply lack the knowledge of understanding how to get around our galaxy without taking an enormous amount of time. Maybe In another century or 2 we’ll be able to explore other systems. For now, we’ll have be content on exploring our own little backyard. 😉👏🏻 P.s. absolutely nothing wrong with being “weird”. We absolutely admire and appreciate everything you do! 👏🏻😎
![SAFEPLANET - ดาวเคราะห์ [ THE PLANET ]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/4X1XL3I_k3c/mqdefault.jpg)
"people are gonna think im so weird"... you are weird Dr. Becky.. that's why we like you so much
@jupiter rules Excellent. A fake flerf.
I would Dr. Becky is an enthusiastic scientist, not at all weird , no such thing as normal.
Delightfully enthusiastic and exuberant 🌞
Lol SIMP she didnt even reply to you
@keith mullens i also think that the conditions and probability for emergence of life and even more it's further survival are so unlikely that it needs a whole universe to make it possible.
Perhaps there is another life form in another universe?
Enceladus is the reason I got into astrophysics at first. I watched Brian Cox's episode on it and I was absolutely enamoured.
So u pursuing astrophysics?
I hope your studies allow you to reach your goals. Please leave politics out of your subject, which is what we Brian has done.
Carl Sagan's book "Cosmos" was my first introduction to true science....Yes,I actually kept checking the book store for weeks until it came out...Hardback,first edition..I Cherish it to this day. Love your channel,and the way you present your videos. Very well thought out,structured to convey the information whether you are new or not to these kind of videos. Keep on doing what you do,your great!😁😁
@@ShahidKhan-th2tl well, I'm perusing Physics in general for now, but astrophysics is what made is interesting for me. Then I started seeing that Physics is so much more than just "Car A, Car B" questions.
Yeah Brian was at his most Brian with that episode, it was great & has really stuck with me.
This is absolutely fascinating. I, as a mere human being who's simply curious to her core, genuinely cannot wait for more data on this. Watching this channel has honestly driven my curious brain to maybe even attempt to become an astrophysicist. This stuff is honestly too interesting to just be left alone ✋
Idk why but it gave me the image of someone poking a moon with a stick and writing down notes.
Stay curious scientists!
you should also check out "cool worlds" and Isaac Arthur's channel, even Event Horizon.. all great space science channels
Anton Petrov also good...
Curiosity is arguably the greatest gift humankind has been bestowed. Go for it!
Wait how old are you?
I just discovered Dr. Becky. She is so cool and enthusiastic. I think she'd be a good model for my TH-cam loving granddaughter. Though at eight and a half, she wouldn't sit still for a video this long and relatively advanced (for her).
Just have her hunt for the Harry Potter and Disney references.
It’s working for my 9 year old.
Was thinking the same for my 8yr old granddaughter who like 'space'. Has dr Becky done any video's aimed at the younger enquiring mind ?
What makes her so watchable is her ability to explain things in a simple and humorous and understandable way.
It doesn't hurt that she's easy on the eyes.
Honesty how enthusiastic Dr Becky is, is inspiring
Bravo for pronouncing the adjective correctly. One of my pet aversions is when the verb spelling
/ enthused/ is used as an adjective. I wholeheartedly agree with you about her enthusiasm. Her charisma is electric... It is downright palpable and I'm certain she is doing wonders in regards to generating interest in the science.
she should be presenting a pre-school programnme for tiny tots
Agreed. And I continue saying that she is generating interest in the science.
@@sockington1 you may be on to something.
I love the way our main goal has shifted from exploring nearby stuff, to unashamedly trying to prove we're not alone by exploring all the nearby stuff for signs of anything that proves otherwise.
I saw I got a notification from TH-cam and I immediately thought "Is it Dr. Becky?" and here I am enjoying it.
Me too yup yup lol
imagine living on Enceladus and watching Saturn and it's rings rise above the horizon, that would be an amazing sight!! thanks Dr Becky for another great vid!!!!
And then staring out at a pale blue spec, and wondering if there's life there
@@ancientswordrage The Earth’s atmosphere absorbs light? So would we be able to see earth 🌏 if it’s not radiating? I don’t know if the ocean blue is ultra violet sponge, but appear black.
I just don’t see how it makes sense for life as we know it to consist on a moon near a giant body if Mars and the stories in the past causing stresses to the earth from proximity.
But why the heck are there even volcanoes on moons? How does any of it contribute to the Solar System?
Maybe we were all moons to giant bodies before we lost resonance and maybe the earth was much much larger before getting pulled towards the Sun
@@nousernamejoshua1556 Earth reflects light, thats how pictures like the blue marble were taken. The Cassini probe has already taken a picture of Earth from Saturn, and yes, it does look like a blue dot, and with a high enough exposure, you can see the moon.
@@nousernamejoshua1556 It doesn't contribute in anyway, moons and planets dont have a purpose, much less what they have.
How does life contribute to the solar system?
And life on Titan is most likely life as we know it(carbon based) even a very tiny prokaryotic cell is life.
It would be interesting if the possible underground ocean of Titan interacts with its hydrocarbon-rich surface and atmosphere. It could make the conditions for the formation of life more favourable.
I just thought the same. Some weird subsurface lifeforms living in ice caverns between the two.
The potential for chemical interaction at that intermedial level combined with thermal up lift , hummmm , I like that. nice thinking.
"It's life Jim, but not as we know it"
Star Trekking across the universe...
"Boldly going forward, 'Cos we can't find reverse!"
It’s worse than that, he’s dead Jim, dead Jim, dead Jim!
@@archercolin6339, me, the first time I took my driving test!
There's Klingons on the starboard bow scrape them off Jim!
It's worse than that, it's physics Jim!
Thanks for mentioning "different chemistry" and hinting at what that would mean. To me, that's a milestone question to get answered. We've found lots of water. Now we're looking for basic, independently evolved life. If we find this on other bodies on our solar system, life, at least microbial life, is likely common in the universe.
11:57 Space is big
This is the PhD Astrophysicist insight I'm here for
Iain M. Banks, The Algebraist: "I was born on a water moon...". But that is a later book. Start with reading his book "Consider Phlebas". His Culture universe books are absolutely brilliant, and I've been reading Sci Fi all my life.
i can tell
Regarding Saturn's moons I think the timescale of the system's more likely young relative age which suggests the moon system is relatively young no more than a quarter of the age of the solar system and likely far younger with the majority of the moons . With such a young age the system's dynamics may be far more volatile.
Note that these "extremophiles" around vent environments are actually the most conservative or ancestral metabolically i.e. the chemosynthetic pathways based around carbon fixation by the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway utilizing transition elements as electron donars to fix carbon dioxide with molecular hydrogen which is thought to be the most probable metabolic pathway of the Last Universal Common Ancestor of life on earth based on studying the conserved genetic code across all domains of life.
If life arises quickly then it it seems a good bet it could arise in Saturn's system despite its surprisingly young age really it is a fascinating system but I imagine any life will still be simple if it is present. (I hope it is but need to keep my biases in check)
“All these worlds are yours except Europa - attempt no further landings.” 2010 Odyssey Two. We have been warned!
This is always what I'm reminded of when I hear about new research on the Jovian moons.
Those were such good books. Probably my favorite author.
That is around Jupiter 😁
@Smee Self Peculiarly strange thing to say since Arthur C.Clarke was one of the most serious science fiction authors rooted in science. Is that meh a sign of lack of willingingness of imagination? Just note that without imagination/speculation there is no drive for exploration and no good science comes out of that either.
@Smee Self 2001 A Space Odyssey was one of the most scientifically accurate space exploration movies; also Clarke was one of the principal designers of the first communication satellites.
@@dinkoz1 oops - you're right! My bad!
It may seem strange but I am very interested in the possibility of life on Titan, especially in its lakes. Everyone is always fixated on water for obvious reasons, but other liquid solvents may serve as a medium for complex chemical reactions. Titan is covered in a dust of Tholins which rain down onto the surface. These are organo-nitrogen molecules with polymeric structures. The chemistry of Titan is rich. Some studies have even suggested possible membrane like structures which could form under the conditions in Titan's lakes, with a different chemistry to terrestrial biomembranes. There is also an odd idea about planets being too cold for life. As long as there is a liquid medium present, in which complex chemical reactions can take place, it is warm enough.
So feels like a public swimming pool back in the 1980's.
Finding life elsewhere in the Solar System (and ruling out panspermia) would be a HUUUUGE deal. It would significantly impact our probability models for alien life in the rest of the Universe. Some estimate that on average, one planet in an entire galaxy develops life. If that were true, the chances of finding life in two locations in a single star/planet system that have evolved independently would be ridiculously improbable. Finding life elsewhere in the Solar System vastly increases the likelihood that our Galaxy (and others) is teeming with life.
I would say even more promising than Enceladus is Jupiter's moon, Europa.
Some interesting deposits on the surface from the subsurface ocean there.
That said, Titan has to be the most tantalising. That could be the only planet, other than Earth, that has life on the surface.
Hope I'm still around when drone arrives.
There is excellent sci-fi movie Europa Report (2013)
There was anaerobic life on earth in the far distant past, so it’s not impossible for it to develop elsewhere in the Sol system.
There is anaerobic life in my anus.
There is anaerobic life on earth now, but no "anhydrous" life as far as we know
Earth in the distant past didn't have an oxygen atmosphere. Early life back then had to adapt so who knows?
@@tinfoilhomer1535 I suggest you see a doctor www.nhs.uk/conditions/flatulence/ 😂
Wow, I did not know hat a version of the Miller/Urey experiments using Titan's atmosphere had been done *and* succeeded. Very cool!
Sooo excited about finding life on nearby planets and moons, not so excited about life flying about your face here on earth. Love your presentations, Dr. Becky!
2034!!! I hope I'm still alive to see those images from Titan. Truly remarkable!
I have to admit it, when I read LIFE my finger can't avoid clicking, even more if it's a video from such a good astrophysicist
Astronomers: Life can only happen in the goldilocks zone.
Gas giant: wanna bet?
Turns out gas giants have their own version of a Goldilocks zone. That's why folx are so jazzed about Europa. th-cam.com/video/81xx3SitUy0/w-d-xo.html
Venus: wanna bet?
Titan - hold my glass of differently fermented methane beer.
Europa:hold a cup of my ice and ocean
You're jumping the gun a bit. We haven't found life around gas giants yet, and likely never will.
More like, is there life on Earth other than Dr. Becky? As a 5-planet watery empath I'm struck with mysterious innocence, with hope, wonder and a sense belonging.. enchanted by Grace. Definitions::
A heart has heard two ways through life.
The way of nature.
And the way of grace.
You have to choose which one you'll follow.
Grace doesn't try to please itself.
It accepts being slighted, forgotten, disliked.
It accepts insults and injuries.
Nature only wants to please itself.
Get others to please it too.
It likes to lord it over them.
To have its own way.
It finds reasons to be unhappy.
When all the world is shining around it.
And love is smiling through all things.
They taught us, that no one
who loves the way of grace,
ever comes to a bad end.
I’d never even heard of this planet called Satin before, but it looks like an exact twin world of Saturn
What about those "geezers" on enceledus? Old people cruising around on a moon of satin, who knew?
Am I not going to get a definite answer on this tonight? Seriously I really do love when U-tube is educational but not a lecture. A joy to learn from you. Thanks!
Is there LIFE on Saturn's Moons? the only right answer is : Lets go and find out!
First off, I love the Doc Brown nod. That was cool. There are so many things we don't know about the universe and it's processes. Everyone says " life as we know it". I believe there are forms of life that live outside of all of our theories. When it comes to the universe, there is just no telling. That's what makes the cosmos so intriguing to me. One can never get bored lookin' up.
love from india you are my role model and i want to be an astrophysicist like you thnks for all the information you are giving ;great work
My only TH-cam crush is Dr. Becky. The way these videos inspire and challenge me to think is just so invigorating. That being said, Enceladus needs to be studied. The icy moons in general. The recipes for life are there. I have a personal connection to Saturn. When I was a Boy Scout, my troop met a Dr. Schumacher from Pasadena's JPL (part of NASA), and we were able to schedule a tour of JPL involving my entire 5th grade class back in 1995/1996. As we concluded our tour, we were asked to write down our name and a single sentence about ourselves, what we signed would be scanned and added to a "digitized disc" like a DVD or CD that would be put on the Cassini mission to Saturn orbiter. The initial idea was the orbiter was supposed to be launched into interstellar space like the Voyager missions and our statements would be added to a load of other data like the golden records of Voyager, but I guess NASA found it might be better to slam the orbiter into Saturn itself for some research reasons. The tour was awesome, and I encourage anyone who can to schedule a tour. Another notable aspect of the tour I went on was seeing the Mars Pathfinder mission and the Sojourner rover under construction.
IF there's liquid water - there's life.
at one time - no life in a drop of water cause we can't see it ...
at one time - we didn't think there could be life in deep caves ...
at one time - we knew there couldn't be life in sulfur springs ...
at one time - we just knew no life could be found on the bottom of the ocean . . .
Water = Life.
Just wanted to say that you are an inspiration for me
And won't it be cool when you know as much as, if not more than, the "old hands"? Also, remember the many, many groundbreaking discoveries made by women!
“You may think it’s a long ways down the road to the chemist, but that’s just peanuts to space”
Yep, that one popped into my mind as well.
The Cassini mission is really what got me into astronomy and astrophysics in the first place. There is so much science surrounding the Saturn system. Impossible to not be impressed reading the papers on the data this spacecraft returned to us.
I want to collect a sample of the bacteria from Earth, Venus, Mars, Ceres, Europa, Enceladus, Titan and Pluto and keep them like Pokémon.
Whatever there are any to find is irrelevant. The adventure of going out there to get those samples are worth it by itself. And then a second expedition find the bacteria left by our insufficiently cleaned spaceship. 😄
You're not weird I can think of many adjectives to describe you but none of them are negative. Keep doing what you do why I really enjoyed your talks
is it possible to self learn physics from classical mech to quantum mech with the help of open courseware videos/books , if yes is there a path that you would suggest atleast as a hobby/passion
I'd say it is possible, but it's going to be very difficult as you need not only to understand physics but have at least a decent understanding of the maths behind it. I'd say it would take about 2-3 years to go from very simple newtonian mechanics to quantum mechanics if you're starting from square one. Also you'll always want people with whom you can discuss the things you're learning, often the after class talks with your classemates might give you the best insight. So yeah it is possible but in my opinion it's very hard, it's easier if you learn the basics via a formal eduacation and once you have a firm understanding of physics you can research topics on your own.
yes, it's absolutely doable and you may learn better than most students. as a math and physics student, the vast majority of what i learn is not from teachers at all but instead from reading textbooks and doing lots of problems through self study. in school, students mostly get second hand and abbreviated information from the professor (textbooks generally have much more detail), do their assigned problems, and read only as much as they need to. if you're carefully reading the book and doing a lot of problems, you can develop a much stronger grasp of the material.
read the textbooks, do the problems, ask for help on the physics and math subreddits or on stack exchange. look at the sidebars for these subreddits, aka the About sections, for related subreddits and other resources. there are textbook recommendations if you need them as well.
before getting a particular textbook (many can be gotten for free on libgen.is), try to also find solutions manuals. chegg.com is very helpful for this.
when you read a part of a textbook that shows to do a problem or derives concepts, read one like at a time while covering the rest of the page, and try to write out what you think will be happening. use solutions manuals this same way after trying the problem yourself a few times.
keep a list of interesting problems as flash cards or in a spreadsheet. just keep the book name, chapter number, problem number, and maybe page. shuffle and do a few random problems to review to maintain knowledge.
feel free to ask more questions. good luck
i also disagree with the other comment. the basics of these subjects are straightforward and accessible compared to higher level material. quantum mechanics starts getting hairy, but again there's plenty of material out there and entire forums of people who can help online.
generally, teachers only have time to give a cursory explanation of material, and students often don't do enough work ahead of class to really ask juicy questions (people rarely and questions at all). formal education for the basics is categorically less rigorous than someone thoroughly going through a textbook and doing all the derivations themselves.
@@jamieg2427 I understand your point because for the most part most students (including myself) end up pretty much teaching themselves the entire course like you have stated the lecture time is limited and I've contemplated plenty of times that If I were to go back in time and re-study everything in my physics and maths bachelor's I'd probbably be able to do it even faster now that I know what to look up. However starting off, all the subjects seem overwhelming and reading up a textbook will be challenging for any beginner, also knowing from which textbook to read as there are textbooks for introductory courses and those for more advance clases in this sense a class gives you a structure, more often they'll give you a recommended amount of textbooks, problem sheets and form there you can pretty much everything else on your own. Besides I specially feel when it comes down to proving things in maths it takes some time for people to develop that skill and often you need other people to help you with that.
And so while I completely agree with you in theory, in practice it just doesn't work all that simply.
@@professortachyon780 true, though reddit has great textbook recommendations that give some guidance, plus if one asks questions as they get frustrated or run into issues, they can get input from others online that will help.
when i take classes, although i do the problems asked for by the teacher, i read the book and do most of the textbook problems---as many as i can before the relevant class is taught on that material. so it's also as if i don't have guidance at first. i always come to class feeling like what the professor teaches is only scratching the surface of what i just taught myself.
in my opinion, the approach i described above is the true concept a person should learn when they learn math or physics: how to study material for themselves. the actual subjects are besides the point. it's much more rewarding, creates a sense of exploration, and the student feels less lost. i'll explain why.
when i was tutoring before the pandemic, i'd often ask students why they use a particular equation to solve a problem. their reply was always, "it's from my notes." and i asked them where it comes from and they couldn't explain or build the equation from simpler concepts. they're just using tools blindly without understanding what or why they're doing it. it's a fragile approach that breaks when you encounter difficult problems and it comes from depending too much on formal education rather than informal self-study.
Hello Dr. Becky I know that you probably have more important to work on. . .but when you find the time look for a feature on your camera or Phone called White Balance ,WB for short and try different setting of the white balance ...your video have an orange tint to them due to your light source in your room. The color temperature on your video are off.
Selecting the right White Balance will help.
VDO is amazing 🎉🎉
Btw yesterday I completed space at the speed of light and the book is truly magnificent...
(I wish I too had glowing thumbnails and extending arms 😂😂)
You saying Titan did not make us think you were weird. We thought that a long time ago!
And we love you for it!
"It was a god-awful small affair, for the girl with the mousie hair...
...is there life on En-ceeeeeel-adus? (Or possibly Titan)?"
Yeah, it might be more scientifically plausible, but these revised lyrics definitely don't scan too well.
But Mimas is yelling " no," and Telesto has told her to go... yup, that scans ok :D
I liked it when you were talking about the life on other planets, and then when some life from your own planet flew into your room you got angry :D No, but it does make you appreciate life on this planet more. You understand how unique it is!
That shirt is so fitting. Lol
Dr. Becky, you're an inspiringly informative scientist with loads of enthusiasm just overflowing your channel.
I’m not as interested in solar system astronomy…personally more of a deep sky guy (rhyme intended 🤭) but this topic has always intrigued me! Thanks for the video
I was 80% concentrating on what you were saying and 20% trying to work out what was printed on your T-shirt .. great video btw.
CLEVER GIRL
Wait, what? Titan's only energy source is the Sun?
Why not tidal heating?
Needed a Dr Becky day. Love your vids. Pertinent, understandable and my favorite channel.
I believe there is more to explore outside earth,
Thank you for every new video, Dr. Becky!!!
Why is Titan moving away from Saturn at 11cm/yr which is 1000x more than standard physics can account for??
protomolecules
Satan
Occam's razor says the simplest explanation is most likely to be the correct 1. A wizard did it with space magic.
I've deduced it's the Sun's core tilting back towards the plane of the planets, with extra strong gravitational force interacting with dark matter cores of planets & moons.
@@alanlowey2769 that was my next guess
Awesome video. I'm so fascinated with Enceladus but the info about Titan was very educational. Thank you Dr. Becky! Great content!
"People're gonna think I'm so weird!"
Don't worry, Doc, we already did.
There's absolutely NOTHING wrong with "weird"!
Just started watching New Girl. Dr. Becky is Jess if Jess were an astrophysicist instead of a teacher.
I'll admit, I laughed when she called them "Geezers"
She IS weird. I love weird.,.. love Love LOVE.
DrBecky at 5:45 : “But life is more complex than just mixing the ingredients together”
I was about to reply with “Life… huh finds a way…” but then I noticed your t-shirt.
"It's life, Jim, but not as we know it."
I watch Dr. Becky all of the time.
I just realized I was not subscribed.
I am now!
We need a full NASA mission to Enceladus ASAP.
Atleast 8-10years bro
We need small easy probes to ALL planets and bigger moons. Just throw them up in space on smaller rockets. And then bigger things to explore deeper on the places that are of more interest
Hey Dr. Becky,
I really like your way of presenting the most amazing cosmological events happening all around the universe .
I kindly request you to make a video on explaining cosmic reionization
I giggled at how you said geysers. In the States at least, 'geezer' is a less than polite way to describe an older person.
You say that in the States? I though it was _just_ a (specifically southern) English thing.
You are a brilliant science communicator. I love how expressive your face is and your smart casual is always on point. I know its superficial; but it gives every talk you do a better chance for the science to engage us... I also tried your shampoo brand but it turns out its too humid in Queensland for shampoo with Marrakesh oil.
Could be pronounced like in the movie Megamind. "Tighten."
It was the only name I could trademark.
Watching from Canada & loving your pronunciation of "Sat'n" Dr. Becky! :)
On a serious note, is _"Dione"_ alternately pronounced _di-oh-nee?_
yep its greek right
@@raidermaxx2324 She is a Titan and the mother of Aphrodite by Zeus according to Homer.
Of course if you are asking Becky then the planet is pronounced Satin
The fact that there is a possibility of life existing WAY beyond the habitable zone in the deep depths of space..is incredible!
The way you pronounced "Geyser" made my laugh. It sounds like the word young people use to insult old people in America. "Old Geezer"
We use that phrase in England as well 😆
@@solomonkane6442 How old does a geyser need to be to be considered an "old geezer"??? And yes, I'm an old geyser.
@@liberalrationalist8905 50s and upwards I guess
@liberal Rationalist I’m 53 and was just going to complain about Dizzy Dazza’s reply, but I admire & identify with your screen name. If that what being a geezer is about, bring it on.
Dr. Becky, the discussion on here about other based life forms is something I've pondered about for a while now, most go off of based on what we only know (water-based, H2). I believe this needs to be more mainstream in the field. Quite a bit of our discoveries was thought to not be possible, none the less they became a discovery. I think this is a better lens to look through to actually find other life, just looking for water-based life will cut us short, the universe is massive (possibly infinite, we will never find out). I believe this will eventually be proven, may not be in our solar system yet with Andromedia already possibly merging with our own galaxy. Perhaps you can do an entire video on other possible-based life forms, using your database and connections to use your findings to locate these new locations ... for fun basically. I do not have the resources, as you may have, so I tend to be limited on certain things besides critiquing (and with my view turning out to be true) other people's findings ... observations and placing their theories to play on my board.
ps: in the bloopers, they are a bothersome creature, да
My brain hears Dr. Becky saying 'geezers' and I envision NASA staring at pictures of old men being flung out of Enceladus.
A line (and scene setup) from a classic old movie reminds me of you... "Clever Girl..". You have it all covered from numerous angles. With luck, you'll remember that quote. 8-) Keep it up. Fine work. Terrific presentation.
I'm predicting it now. Humans are going to find life on Titan when a rover gets attacked by huge methane based ameba like blob.
If there was life on Saturn's moons, then Bowie's song would have had a really hard time maintaining its structure
Becky: in the US, they pronounce "geezer" as "guy-zer". A "geezer" is an old man. But I'm sure ensuing comments will inform you of this in maybe a not so polite manner.
ALSO resonance is fascinating. Thanks for the video :D
They just call old geezers "boomers" now smh.
I find it fascinating the culture that developed the English language has the hardest time actually speaking it... LOL I guess I'd just be happy if they stop adding a second i in the word aluminum and learn to pronounce that one simple word. Same with methane, its not meethane. Grammar Nazi's unite! LOL (but yes it really matters, if you wanna be taken seriously and not seen as a dullard or lazy)
@@blazedgamingkr only ignorant kids say that.
Felt she was talking about me... :p
I've just found your channel and it's a new favorite. Super interesting topics explored and explained really well. Thanks!
Yes. I click "Like" on Dr Becky's videos before I finish watching them. What of it?
Mommas boy
Same
I click like before the video even starts lol. I know how good it's going to be before I even watch it.
She didn't mention the internal heat generated by gravitational forces.
No she doesn't She talks shit most of the time.
I got my daughter addicted to Dr. B, this year she changes the school curriculum and moves on to additional subjects not taught in her current school curriculum so that she can more easily enroll in astrophysics at the University of Natural Sciences in three years.
She is currently attending applied art and design, so this is a big leap
Mission succeeded, thanks dr. B
Edit: Dad (me) is nuclear technician
"More than one hundred geezers . . ." Sounds like a retirement home. Wait . . . did you mean Geysers? Ohhhh . . . carry on. ;-)
There's life on Saturn's moons! We know there's more than a hundred old geezers on Enceladus!
@@quietman71 Hehe Dibs on the Sun Room!
When we get there we will see little green men sledging down the mountains.
Seriously another really interesting video.
Thanks Dr. Becky
Regards from Redruth
Arnold.
Elon Musk's guided fly-fishing trip. Low G high level fun.
So glad to have found your channel! I remember seeing you in some Deep Sky Videos years ago (or maybe it was Sixty Symbols...?)
Look at the water under the south pole. When tapped it was warm to hot due to volcano activity and teaming life under hundreds of feet (some number of meters) of ice above. Thanks for this thought lesson.
It's important to understand that having the ingredients of life doesn't mean that there's life. On the contrary, finding no life where "all ingredients are" means that there are missing ingredients.
Or maybe the chance event that spawned life is just vanishingly unlikely? So maybe there are many places with all the ingredients, but just this one place where that happened. (tbh I don't think I believe this, but we have to admit it as a possibility)
@@bimblinghill that event is then the missing ingredient.
Another excellent upload Becks.
I absolutely love all the banter that goes on with respect to the possibilities of a chance for life to develop elsewhere than here on earth. 🤔🥰🥰🥰🤔
Thanks Dr.B. It would be good to contrast Europa vs Enceladus and which is the more likely of the two. Both icy crusts, liquid oceans, tidally heated. Very similar worlds - Europa would likely have a better chance, but the plume data from Enceladus is enticing.
Just discovered you some weeks ago, but really LOVE your videos !!!!. Got a fan here ;-)
wow such a simple way to explain things- way to go doc
Your book just arrived and I've made it required summer reading for my daughters. I know you are a scientist first, but thank you for being a positive female role model for daughters everywhere.
If life developed or spread that easily, that would really mess with the Fermi Paradox.
It would be really fun if the galaxy is full of advanced civilizations but they consider us too backwards to bother to talk to.
doc, right at the time you said remark.........able, youtube through in an ad, is youtube getting greedy with their air time or what ????
after your video about the jwst I wanted to know more about lagrange points. so I did some "research" (read wikipedia and other more or less commonly known websites and watched some more youtube videos) and a fact which i encoutered everywhere, but coud never find an explanation for was, that L4 and L5 are stable. I know it must be true because of trojans but I can't find any source on why they are stable. could you or a community member maybe evplain that to me in much greater detail than coriolisforce?
Becky, I have a question. If you can't go faster than light speed, and 14 billion light years have passed since the big bang, wouldn't it follow that the universe we know has a radius of 14 billion light years? How come the observable universe has a radius of 46 billion light years? Is this something you would consider incorporating into a video one time?
Some of the best bloopers I've seen on your channel so far 😅
There's a lot of papers post 2010 claiming that acetylene is abundant in Titan's atmosphere, and is the third most abundant hydrocarbon (after methane and ethane). The Huygen's probe also did GCMS and found acetylene, ethane, C2N2, and even CO2 at the surface.
Oddly enough, I recently rewatched 2010; The Year We Make Contact.
Interestingly, in the original novel the Discovery went to Saturn, rather than Jupiter, settling in orbit around Iapetus
@@javaman4584 I didn't know that was the reason - thanks!
I've read that Enceladus is actually surprisingly young, which might hurt its chances of having life. Do you think the moon being (relatively) young makes it much less likely to have developed life?
This excellent as always discussion concerning life in our outer solar system does make me wonder about a redefinition of the term "habitable zone" around M class stars. What with the universe being as young as it is wrt to the time it will take for these very much more abundant flare stars to settle down (recent readings concerning alpha centauri proxima do make me shudder to wonder what it is like on the planet proxima B) - maybe proxima D might be a better place to hang around in. To be fair though, just because we are hanging around an incredibly short-lived star, maybe we just don't know how it is around the M-class stars. We don't live around one of those, so it's easy to point fingers at the ones that we find bafflingly tricky for life to exist in the so-called habitable zone. Food for thought.
isnt uv radiotion hitting the water plumes and the ice on the surface a simpler explanation? Or was the oxygen missing from the h2o
I'm fairly certain that microbial life is fairly common in the universe. Even still, I would have an absolute cow if the existence of simple microorganisms on other worlds was confirmed in the Solar System. I wouldn't look at anything the same way again.
Dr. Becky, I know you love reviewing scifi movies. Have you had a chance to watch Europa Report? That movie could have easily been Enceledus Report. A manned mission to Europa to look for signs of life below the ice.
I wont give anything away, but for scifi fans, I highly recommend.
I don’t see why people can’t comprehend the idea of life somewhere else… look what we find in our little solar system. There are so many other solar systems out there, you honestly think there isn’t intelligent life?! The only thing that prevents us from exploring is the vast distance of everything. We simply lack the knowledge of understanding how to get around our galaxy without taking an enormous amount of time. Maybe In another century or 2 we’ll be able to explore other systems.
For now, we’ll have be content on exploring our own little backyard. 😉👏🏻
P.s. absolutely nothing wrong with being “weird”. We absolutely admire and appreciate everything you do! 👏🏻😎