*@**1:38** We made a mistake and the map of the Netherlands was not to scale. Face palm moment* Visit brilliant.org/Newsthink/ to get started learning math, science, and computer science for FREE, and the first 200 people will get 20% off their annual premium subscription.
In ASMLs video about their new machine, one of the engineers said the lenses by Carl Zeiss used in the machine are so flat, that if the lens were scaled up to the size of the USA, the largest bump would be the size of a dust particle. That's just insane
I grew up in Eindhoven and studied at the technical university. Everyone knows ASML here. One of my physics professors once said that the speed of progress in the world gets set here in Veldhoven by ASML, since they set the benchmark for the fastest chips.
I study there now. We have guest lectures from ASML, part time professors from ASML, there is even a template contract when doing work with ASML because internships and graduation projects are so common.
This is not entire true. If somebody use light and not electron to do stuff, it will be faster then what they produce right now. So they are making the fastest electron chips, but not the fastest.
I believe a short history lesson is called for here. ASML bought out a company called Silicon Valley Group (SVG), which had previously purchased the Microlithography division from Perkin-Elmer who had originally developed the technology in Wilton Connecticut, USA. How do I know this? I worked for SVG for 11 years, and my father worked for all 3 corporations for 46 years, and was one of the research and development engineers who made it all happen. In fact, my father was one of the physicists who cracked the deep UV problem in the 90's while working for SVG in Wilton, CT. The manufacturing facilities are continuing to operate in Wilton Connecticut, USA where most of the R&D still occurs.
In The Netherlands, ASML is often mentioned in the news, always described as a ‘chip maker’. So I thought it was a small sort of Intel, making chips for some niche markets. This video completely changes that perspective. I wouldn’t call them a ‘chip maker’ at all! They’re the company making the machines that make chips, something different entirely! It’s like calling JCB a building company…
@@justayoutuber1906 JCB is a company that makes (among other things) construction equipment, like the cranes and shovels you need on a building site. So they're not a building company but a company that makes equipment for building companies to do their building 🙂
@@kasimirdenhertog3516 mate honest you just found out ASML is one of our best grossing companies 😂. No stress tho, i also only know for a year. But damn mate, you're right about JCB. But the same goes for Manitou, Lindt or still.
Wow I didn’t know ASML was that big, I live in the Netherlands, and I am a CNC lathe worker for a local company. I make some simple pieces for ASML not thinking it was that big of a company. Sick!!
@@Joey-ct8bm I thought Bluetooth was a Swedish invention. Apparently, it was developed in part by a dutch person for Ericsson (company) in Lund, Sweden.
Started working on EUV stuff back around 2014, 9 years later I'm involved in it's vacuum control system design. Been an interesting ride so far, and the changes never stop as fine tuning in the processes get worked out requiring different controls, valves, gases, volume, evacuation, abatement, etc.... most fun job I've ever had,
@@danicule8671 I never said I work for ASML, I said the machine I design, prototype and build is connected directly to the ASML EUV. The system I'm involved in provides the Vacuum Control System for the ASML EUV.
Please note: ASML advanced EUV lithography uses mirrors instead of lenses, as EUV light cannot pass any lense material. For the slightly less advanced technology, DUV, lenses are used.
Man, thanks for the info. It's astounding how most people are just lazy and pass on their misconceptions to others, when all the info is readily available on Google.
For an explanation of how the photolithography works, basically: 1. 300mm wafer is put on a chuck, it is held down by suction. 2. a photosensitive chemical is laid down. The thickness is determined by pour rate and rpm of spinning wafer which distributes and sheds any excess. 3. quick bake of photosensitive chemical. 4. loaded into photolithog machine. The ones I used were Nikons. But I remember having ASMLs next door. A UV light is generated using mercury arc lamps, the image is shrunk a different amount, (2x, 4, 5x) using a lens. The image is serially burned into the wafer, called step and repeat. This is why you see the same pattern on the wafer. 5. Once done the wafer has its images developed. I remember using HMDS hexamethadisilazane (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bis(trimethylsilyl)amine). Then I believe it is baked again. 6. then off to CMP(cold metal polish), where they grind off the excess to expose either the circuit wires or the spaces those wires will go. There were many layers to the chips, each one requiring the blue print of the circuit to be photolithogged on. the circuit layers had a M prefix, like M1, M2 etc, interconnecting(so perpendicular to the chip surface would be called V1, V2 etc (for via, road in latin), then there were random names for the n-wells and p-wells. 20 years ago or so I worked at an IBM 200mm line in Vermont. Since then it has been bought by the middle eastern fab company called Global Semiconductor. I still remember enough to explain it apparently but forgot enough to not remember the trauma of working 12 hour shifts lol. PS Nikon was a competitor
that is the theory. In Practice to do it is a completely different story. My PhD Thesis in antiferromagnetic domains studied by PEEM using synchrotron light was based on one sample. I have produced 70. But all but one were completely useless. I new the exact conditions how it was produced. Or did I? that is the difference between theoretically knowing how to do something and actually doing it. Working on a production line does not make you an expert in the technology.
HMDS then photoresist. HMDS is an adhesion promoter that prevents the resit from lifting. 12 hour shifts..Yea 7pm- 7 am making 386,486,K5-K6 w/3Dnow in the 90s @ AMD
Middle eastern fab isn’t exactly a fair way to describe GloFo…. They used to be AMD and are currently a public company. Yes they were owned by a sovereign wealth fund for a few years but they are certainly a US headquartered company and now are a US owned company
A friend of mine works there. He had a PhD in physics. There is A LOT of high tech companies around Eindhoven in the Netherlands, and it's not a coincidence that the Eindhoven University of Technology exists.
Interesting, it is the Belgium research facility called IMEC that has pushed ASML to the company it is today and their partnership since 1991. ASML builds the machines but the knowledge and tools are done by IMEC.
what is more impressive about ASML is that their stronghold in EUV lithography is not because of a patent advantage. It's because it's DAMN hard to build a machine like that. They know how to do business.
Great, now make a video about Zeiss lenses that ASML uses in their lithography machines. Fun fact both Zeiss and philips helped in building ASML as a company.
good point Gagan I said in one of my e-mails that without American chip design ASML would not exist why is the media always bias and never really tells the truth
Someone watches asianometry here, or at least you should watch his channel if you're interested in the chipmaking process. He has a great video on zeiss and their mirrors. He also goes in much greater depth on EUV and other technologies in the process.
@@dreckman69 yep i've subscribed to it and watched most of the documentaries but i still think we need a few more videos on Zeiss. Content related to it is pretty much scarce.
fun fact: The EUV lasers, that are employed inside the lithography machines of ASML are made by a german company called TRUMPF. It is the only company world wide that can build these lasers.
Actually, it's the CO2 laser from TRUMPF you're describing; it's not an EUV laser. This laser shoots each tin droplet twice, first to flatten the drop and increase it's surface area then again to energize the tin and cause it to release EUV photons. These photons are then in turn mirrored onward. These lasers also are not inside the actual machine like the NXE but are sent from an outside beam tube. The CO2 laser itself is another $50M behemoth.
My radio when I was a kid had tubes so when I read these comments they are Latin to me but I am blown away by the progress that has been made in just my 86 years. My hat is off to the scientific community and let’s pray that all these accomplishments go toward the good of mankind 🙏
I’m 53, John, a GenX’er. I see what was, what is and what’s coming. I’m afraid life has become so complicated, no one has the time to appreciate the venerable vacuum tube or any other tech the young people today take for granted. Good for you commenting on videos at 86!! 👍🏼
@@glasstuna You can only “pay attention” to things that ACTUALLY EXIST. The year I saw first jpeg from web, John was 55 years old, if my math is correct.
I do not remember when a story fascinated me like this one. To be the only one in the world manufacturing something, and to not get copied, is really unbelievable.
@@RetroJack they are trying for decades now. They've tried to make an exact copy of the ones they have, but it didn't work. And the chinees are experts in copying stuff ;-)
I work in a separated company of the company Carl Zeiss in Jena and I'm proud to say that we're the only ones that can make the metrology that's built into THIS lithography machine. This sayed, ASML can only build their machines because of our products. :)
@@bartobruintjes7056 everything connects on the world somehow. even we cant build this sensors without other companys. if you do work, you should be always proud of what you did :)
I saw an ASML Air Frieght Crate slipping off the Elevator while unloading at the airport. Luckily they are shipped in 5 Crates (each machine doesn't all come in one part) and there wasn't much physical damage but there was a €90 million cost and 6 month delay just to readjust the accuracy tolerance parameters of the lasers. Crazy.
Almost every chips made with 7 or 3 nanometer technology are use for cellphone, tablet or high end graphics (better known as gaming). Most of the automotive and general appliance use typically 28 nanometer technology because it's much cheaper and especially because it's much more robust in a variety of harsh environment. The Russian and Chinese military and space industry also use widely the 28 nanometer chips or bigger, in combination with special hardening technologies against electronic warfare and cosmic radiation.
@@gurbanguliberdimuhamedov4228 yes, but there are lense manufacturers in Japan and the US who can develop similar lenses. That doesn’t take away from the incredible Zeiss lenses. The laser was easily the most difficult part of EUV, there is very little room for error. I encourage you to watch the Asianometry video about EUV, he gives a quick explainer. If you want more in-depth discussion then Google scholar has the best work.
@@12time12 , incorrect, you don't know what you're talking about. There aren't anyone that's able to build perfect on an atomic scale mirrors like Zeiss does. These mirrors are grown in labs for half a year, and if something goes wrong you lose basically twice as much money while growing it, it's a risky business so no one attempted it other than Zeiss thanks to their partnership with ASML. Edit: apparently the person I answered deleted the comment in question. Originally, the comment I answered was something in the lines "Anyway, there are countries like Japan that can manufacture such mirrors".
there are a tons of "how it's made" videos, but it's not very common to find video about who made the machine factory uses, this is good one. Wish there are more.
The fastest chips in the world are from Croky. A Dutch chips brand. They come in different flavours, personally I prefer 'Paprika' the most. They are so fast that once I open the bag it's empty in a minute or two. Now, that's fast!
I know this video is a bit older, but just wanted to add that the USAs DoD has a branch called Defense Microelectronics Activity (DMEA). They maintain a chip foundry in Sacramento CA, presumably to support the other DoD entities with microchips. Would be very interested to know more about what capabilities they have.
I work in the Photo (Photolithography Dept) at Texas Instruments. Our fab is full of ASML machines. DUV’s are our fastest tools, where I-Line tools are slower (typically an older-style, thicker wafers, but still important to the supply chain.)
ASML in the semiconductor industry is probably the equivalent of KUKA in the automotive industry Everyone knows about Intel and AMD and TSMC and Porsche and Mercedes and BMW. But how many have ever heard about ASML and KUKA?...
Don’t worry. As long as the US prohibits ASML from selling to China, it will motivate China to build their own and soon you will have another manufacturer
It was about three years ago when I saw a video about ASML and it's Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography technology and when I found out there isn't a single entity in the universe that has this technology I immediately realized the gravity of the situation. I also told my friends who invest to check this company out, because they will be the most important and underappreciated company in this space by far for a long time. I remember the video I saw about them was aptly named "the most important company you have never heard of"
I randomly found out asml. Working in 3th world county pushed my to check job offers. Wanted thing that i saw was incredibly then i dig. Now we are here my dude. This mfs can singlehandedly cause war.
Fun fact: Part of ASML's earlier success came from (allegedly) violating Nikon patents (Nikon was the previous leader in high end lithography equipment). Nikon ultimately settled several lawsuits for what now seems like a small amount, but they do effectively get royalties from some of ASML's activities.
I was so confused at what was happening at 1:38. The zoom on Netherland makes it looks like they invaded Belgium, France, Luxembourg and Germany all at the same time.
ASML’s San Diego teams & subsidiaries (Cymer) help lead their lithography program. Very proud as a San Diegan to contribute to this incredible story out of the Netherlands.
I work at a company that supplies ASML with electric cabinets that serve as controllers for those EUV machines. Each EUV machine uses 1-2 of our cabinets. We make 7 a week. So only in the past year ASML's production line increased by about 300 new EUV machines. This is an outstanding pace of growth.
And I work at a company that supplies companies that make electric cabinets with special pallets to ship them to ASML :) (and many more parts). It sometimes seems the whole region is the supply chain to ASML... that should also be mentioned. Among them are other high tech industries on which ASML depends for their parts - like VDL and Prodrive. Those are also the key to success.
@@permanenceinchange2326 nah, not the region but the whole country. I worked in Z-Holland at a company that also supplies ASML and I was sometimes in touch with our suppliers also in Overijssel, N-Holland and elsewhere.
I've been working on a subsystem of the ASML NXE systems since 2012 and it's fun to see it going from something nobodies ever heard of to being much more widely known, in the news and recognized as the technological tour-de-force that it is.
As someone studying Mechanical Engineering in Eindhoven (basically where ASML is), every single day I hear about it but do notice outside the Netherlands (and even within) it’s not that known. Glad to see it recognise as the absolute beast of a company that it is!
THIS was fantastic. I try to follow this technology as a technically proficient Layperson, but I never knew the light waves were so small, that they, "Came From Outer Space!" BRILLIANT!
ASML just got thrown into the spotlight after the chip crunch. I remember reading about their EUV machines which were used at TSMC's fabs and then suddenly they are on the news and everything. Also should've added Carl Zeiss and imec to the list.
This went really fast, and the employees holding shares are quite lucky now :D I have worked for a different company in Eindhoven, and one colleague had friends over at ASML. It is like their Apple of the Netherlands now.
I love how the world’s most powerful chip manufacturing machine is built by scientists who use Lenovo ThinkPad 2:39. It’s a laptop that transcends humanity. Edit: Time stamp
Absolutely crazy if you ask me, at least on the long run: largest supplier of photolithography systems; and the whole EUV photolithography show run by one and only one company in the whole world, what could ever go wrong!...
I study mechanical engineering pretty close too where ASML is located basically all of our courses have some sort of ASML reference. Our study association is sponsored by them. We learn their much more expensive and less widely used version of CAD software(which I must admit is pretty good). It’s incredible how much influence they have
Actually the title is not entirely accurate since the majority of the technology in making semiconductors come from US, followed by countries like Japan, South Korea & other european countries like Germany. And the machines made by ASML depends a lot on many components that in itself are made by one or two company in the world, like the lens by carl zeiss And If there wasn't ASML there would be another company who would come up with a machine like ASML makes, probably a company from the US since when there is a demand there would be supply in the form of some company who will try to innovate and enter the market. That is not to say that ASML is a very important company but its simply not true to say that entire would relies on it coz if the US govt wanted they could give hundreds of billion of subsidies and have an american company make the same machine that ASML does, all the while barring american contractors to not supply components to ASML so they won't be able to make their machines, it would be unfair but can be done in a world of protectionism
@@TheActionTourist True but if it were like national emergency, US can easily mobilise the resources to do it . Since most of the patents and technology in the entire semiconductor industry comes from the US including both non american engineers and scientists living in the US. Remember WWII? A lot of key scientists back then were actually born outside the US, the best and the brightest who came together to achieve the impossible. That's the key to success for the US, the best minds along with the vast resources that can lead cutting edge research
@@henryh95 Both did and didn't. Refrigerators did perfectly fine and were no less efficient. All the efficiency comes from how well insulated it is. No microchip management needed. Cars on the other hand...
What's different is, when the old machines broke, you could fix them. Now we throw them away and buy another one. 51% of Americans buy a new smartphone every year. Lots of money changing hands.
Half a mile from where I work. During my studies I had an interview there, which took a pleasant left turn. It started out with logistics (my field of study at that time) and ended with encouraging words about how to set goals and go for it.
ASML is amazing, but it took hundreds of published papers from researchers around the world to develop the 13.5nm lasers modern lithography uses. It's absolutely astounding the technology actually works. Probably just two steps less complex than getting nuclear fusion to work. 😳
@@wally7856 LOL unless you live in the city. :-P Then you'll see like twelve. Even if we get enough solar deployments to supply all our energy, I still hope researchers solve fusion one day.
@@fss1704 Or shaping a molten tin droplet suspended in midair, using the width of a laser pulse, before gravity can affect, it is jaw-droppingly difficult. That's just step 1 of how this laser works. Definitely look up a video on how EUV lasers work if you're interested in that kind of stuff. :-)
Hi from the Netherlands. People know us for our weed, red light district, cheese and bicycles. We also invented the microscope, WiFi, birth control pills for woman, DVDs, the stock market, perfected water management, are leaders in greenhouse harvesting and we're sorry for VOC times. We're the best English speaking non-english country in Europe, our people are one of the tallest and we know it. Does it make us a little arrogant? Sure, but we earned that right. Did I mention our smart infrastructure and incredible roads? Oh well. We're awesome.
I have a lot of respect to Dutch as a nation/race/society. U people have done and achieved much more than what others even imagine though it has some negative outcomes.
Ha! My life is not ruled by microchips. Yes I do miss my wifi when its occasionally down but it doesn't affect my basic survival. my electricity source would be troubled but I have a wood burning stove that can be used for small scale cooking. I am lucky to live in rural southern europe so would even have access to locally produced vegetables in local small shops. I do keep dried beans and lentils in the cupboard. I already make my own bread. But I am old so grew up before the days of fridges in the home. Before tv. And have shelves full of books that need reading and re reading. Life would revert to that of my childhood but I would miss the radio. That reminds me. I need to plant some tomato seeds and sort my patio planters to make room for some veg.
Majority of the chips that go into fridges and microcontroller electronics do not need to be fabricated using ASML's EUV technology, most can be fabbed using 40nm process or 28nm process, for instance, TSMC fabs the ESP32 LX6 which is quite a bit more capable than a lot of the controllers in both industrial and consumer products using their 40nm process which is only patterned through a DUV 193nm ArF system. EUV is dedicated towards low volume, high margins devices, namely modern computing solutions. China already is capable of domestic DUV patterning, although it isn't clear if they are using ArF or if it's KrF or Hg, which is capable of getting down to 14nm pretty easily, but China hasn't lost access to ASML nor Nikon DUV machines.
If you wanna be successful, you most take responsibility for your emotions, not place the blame on others. In addition to make you feel more guilty about your faults, pointing the finger at others will only serve to increase your sense of personal accountability. There's always a risk in every investment, yet people still invest and succeed. You most look outward if you wanna be successful in life.
I’m amazed nobody else does this. It must be super complex for China not to build a copy. It’s known that sending any tech to China will end up with copies being made, so especially for something so important I’m very surprised they haven’t reverse engineered it. And given how tech-driven the US is, and how good it is at making very complex and advanced machinery, I’m a little surprised they haven’t done it either.
I'm sure the market is too small to justify a second company. It's actually quite common for a company to be the sole manufacturer of a machine when they are custom-made and only a very few are ordered each year.
China also lacks the metalurgy to do some things aswell, i can almost guarantee theres reasons why the old models wernt just improved. I guess the question could even be “what needs improving?” Because without learning how to get to where the machine is now, but not sure where it was generations before, you cant see the full thought process, and on top of that, your looking to improve the whole system which could be endless in decision making and trade offs.
I believe that even if they copy it, the machine would soon be out of date because constant updates and upgrades are made. It can really only be made by people who know exactly what they are doing. It would really require many years of planning, training and investing before they have the people that can succesfully operate such a company. Eindhoven has been a technology center for more than a century driven by Philips and it has its own Tech University. They invented things like the Cassette Tape, CD Player (together with Sony) and even the DVD. You cant just copy a culture like that.
They tried, but guesstimate is , it will take them another 20 years. Trust me, no one inside the company knows the complete machine. And I have been working there in one of the core areas.
I should get back into the semiconductor capital industry. For few years, I was a technical writer and illustrator creating and editing work instructions to build DUV (Deep Ultraviolet Light) lithography machines for Cymer, a division of ASML. I made a lot of hay with that experience and worked for the Intel Ocotillo factory in south Chandler.
So are all the machines they are making going to Taiwan? If they have that big of a company I would assume they sell quite a few of the machines. Aren't companies in other countries just buying the machine?
other countries can buy them too, otherwise sanctioning china would make no sense XD samsung and intel buys them as well those machines are very expensive, and having the machine doesn't mean you'll be able to manufacture chips, so it's a hefty investment like, you can buy an oven, but if you burn every batch of cookie you bake, your bake sale will not work out
A thought, a few years after the second world war the Japanese were trying to catch up with the Americans on chip development and manufacturing but always found themselves to be one generation behind. In the end the Japanese Government of that time asked the top 50 Japanese IT companies to let them have their best Scientist to work on the project with a promise to share the data and technology. Not only did they catch-up but leaped frogged them to be a generation ahead. It was the basis which fed the great Japanese IT boom. Never say never with the Chinese
Sounds like a case of all the world's eggs being in one vulnerable basket. I can understand keeping cutting edge tech from tyrannies and the like, but there really ought to be more than one factory supplying the more civilised nations.
I'm confident China has the will, money and expertise to start competing with ASML machines in few years. They will be a bit late to the game though, as we are very much approaching the size of a single silicon atom with these litography machines. Quantum computers must take over soon if we want to keep pushing for more computing power and efficiency.
It's also naive to think that China hasn't already started developing their own machines. Tensions with the west have been building for years and it's pretty much certain that this is one of the technologies that they've been trying to become self sufficient in.
@@SNixD I agree! Now that I mentioned Quantum Computers, I looked it up and China is already competing at the top end with at least 66-qubit quantum computer. Litography machines for traditional chip making will pale in comparison, when we start talking quantum computers being able to break all traditional encryption.
quantum computers will probably not "take over" in the near future. they do not have any sort of higher computing power than normal computers. they are just fundamentally fast at solving a certain subset of computing problems.
I'm not sure how blocking other countries from a few years of work is helping the USA in anyway. Sure China will be slowed, but they will not be stopped. It's so much better to improve the USA competitiveness so that humanity as a whole can share it's fruits together, regardless of who develops them.
I think it's a bit naive to think that way at this point, no? China has shown no respect towards other countries' and companies' IP and R&D. Much of the research and know-how are originated in the US even though they may be commercialized elsewhere, that gives US oversized power/influence to set the market rules and limit unfriendly countries from participating. It isn't entirely different from how china which has closed off many of its industries to foreign competitors, it's getting the reciprocal treatment now.
I was looking for THIS comment! Kudos to u bro, a very informed intellectual indeed. Why continue attempts to oppress China via technology, etc? Good ole Uncle Sam should know that'll only encourage them to push the boundaries of their own research to develop either corresponding tech OR something entirely new & perhaps even better...IMO
also of note is Austrian IMS producing the most advanced mask writers (no lithography without masks) the only company with high throughput electron beam litography for producing masks for 5nm processes and below
Much of the technology in AMSL lithography machines use was developed in the US and purchased by AMSL. AMSL is more an aggregator of technology much of it purchased in US technology acquisitions. That is why the US has so much control over who AMSL does business with.
Make no mistake, ASML is not forbidden to sell machines to China by the U.S. It is simply complying with a request not to do so. The U.S., as near as I know, has no jurisdiction over the company. Edit to add: If the U.S. gets its way, the Chinese will make their own machines while ignoring little problems like patents and put ASML out of business by flooding the market with cheaper machines. Sound familiar? That’s because it would be history repeating itself.
I thought of that as well, but these machines seem to be extremely fine-tuned and precise. China so far has demonstrated an ability to produce quantity, but the ability to produce this kind of machine requires a maniacal obsession-level dedication to quality that the Chinese haven't displayed yet. Production vs precision.
I keep hearing this type of unfounded and misplaced views. In the most optimistic scenario china will be able to produce their own machine that's 1/2 generations behind in performance/precision. Their lack of market depth and value chain optimization will necessarily ensure that their machines will be MORE expensive to produce and less profitable. This economic mechanism is starkly different from china's past advantages in producing low-end products at cheap prices due to abundant labor and factories. On the high-end of manufacutring, scale and supply of well-trained PhD's are exactly what china doesn't have.
*@**1:38** We made a mistake and the map of the Netherlands was not to scale. Face palm moment*
Visit brilliant.org/Newsthink/ to get started learning math, science, and computer science for FREE, and the first 200 people will get 20% off their annual premium subscription.
At 3:57 is not the Chinese flag
@@charliewinterss it is
@@worldmapping4895 Its not the flag of the real china ;)
@@napoleon848 communist china won the civil war so keep crying
we still wish it was that size, kingdom of the netherlands.
In ASMLs video about their new machine, one of the engineers said the lenses by Carl Zeiss used in the machine are so flat, that if the lens were scaled up to the size of the USA, the largest bump would be the size of a dust particle. That's just insane
That just blew my mind
Not insane, at all.
Wow....the Dutch are flat.
I wonder if they use air bearing fly cutters
@@vangcruz4442 That's funny!
I grew up in Eindhoven and studied at the technical university. Everyone knows ASML here. One of my physics professors once said that the speed of progress in the world gets set here in Veldhoven by ASML, since they set the benchmark for the fastest chips.
I study there now. We have guest lectures from ASML, part time professors from ASML, there is even a template contract when doing work with ASML because internships and graduation projects are so common.
This is not entire true. If somebody use light and not electron to do stuff, it will be faster then what they produce right now. So they are making the fastest electron chips, but not the fastest.
kanker kaaskop
@@seb4sti4n666 except that isnt the case here, so they do make the fastest chips
@@mpownage4806 What about photonic chips then?
I believe a short history lesson is called for here. ASML bought out a company called Silicon Valley Group (SVG), which had previously purchased the Microlithography division from Perkin-Elmer who had originally developed the technology in Wilton Connecticut, USA. How do I know this? I worked for SVG for 11 years, and my father worked for all 3 corporations for 46 years, and was one of the research and development engineers who made it all happen. In fact, my father was one of the physicists who cracked the deep UV problem in the 90's while working for SVG in Wilton, CT. The manufacturing facilities are continuing to operate in Wilton Connecticut, USA where most of the R&D still occurs.
Very cool
Your father can make billions working for china
Tell you father to work for china
swears...
@@somcode5831 you think China would honor anything? lol
In The Netherlands, ASML is often mentioned in the news, always described as a ‘chip maker’. So I thought it was a small sort of Intel, making chips for some niche markets. This video completely changes that perspective. I wouldn’t call them a ‘chip maker’ at all! They’re the company making the machines that make chips, something different entirely! It’s like calling JCB a building company…
Who is JCB?
@@justayoutuber1906 lol
You could say that they are more of a ""chip maker" maker."
@@justayoutuber1906 JCB is a company that makes (among other things) construction equipment, like the cranes and shovels you need on a building site. So they're not a building company but a company that makes equipment for building companies to do their building 🙂
@@kasimirdenhertog3516 mate honest you just found out ASML is one of our best grossing companies 😂. No stress tho, i also only know for a year. But damn mate, you're right about JCB. But the same goes for Manitou, Lindt or still.
Wow I didn’t know ASML was that big, I live in the Netherlands, and I am a CNC lathe worker for a local company. I make some simple pieces for ASML not thinking it was that big of a company. Sick!!
Yea i know right, I am a sheet RSV worker for a metalworking company in Bergeijk. We make some of the more conplecated parts for their prototypes
Did you know WIFI and Bluetooth are also Dutch inventions!?
@@Joey-ct8bm yess I do haha
@@Joey-ct8bm I thought Bluetooth was a Swedish invention. Apparently, it was developed in part by a dutch person for Ericsson (company) in Lund, Sweden.
@@Joey-ct8bm Bluetooth is swedish.
Started working on EUV stuff back around 2014, 9 years later I'm involved in it's vacuum control system design. Been an interesting ride so far, and the changes never stop as fine tuning in the processes get worked out requiring different controls, valves, gases, volume, evacuation, abatement, etc.... most fun job I've ever had,
You should not say you work for ASML, maybe go watch the safety CBT again
@@danicule8671 I never said I work for ASML, I said the machine I design, prototype and build is connected directly to the ASML EUV. The system I'm involved in provides the Vacuum Control System for the ASML EUV.
Please note: ASML advanced EUV lithography uses mirrors instead of lenses, as EUV light cannot pass any lense material. For the slightly less advanced technology, DUV, lenses are used.
Man, thanks for the info.
It's astounding how most people are just lazy and pass on their misconceptions to others, when all the info is readily available on Google.
You have been watching 'asianometry' haven't you?
@@markhonea2461 I checked the channel, found out about how Zeiss and ASML worked together on the EUV mirrors.
Just released a video on Zeiss's mirrors th-cam.com/video/AHfQLjtLJdY/w-d-xo.html
kanker kaaskop
For an explanation of how the photolithography works, basically:
1. 300mm wafer is put on a chuck, it is held down by suction.
2. a photosensitive chemical is laid down. The thickness is determined by pour rate and rpm of spinning wafer which distributes and sheds any excess.
3. quick bake of photosensitive chemical.
4. loaded into photolithog machine. The ones I used were Nikons. But I remember having ASMLs next door. A UV light is generated using mercury arc lamps, the image is shrunk a different amount, (2x, 4, 5x) using a lens. The image is serially burned into the wafer, called step and repeat. This is why you see the same pattern on the wafer.
5. Once done the wafer has its images developed. I remember using HMDS hexamethadisilazane (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bis(trimethylsilyl)amine). Then I believe it is baked again.
6. then off to CMP(cold metal polish), where they grind off the excess to expose either the circuit wires or the spaces those wires will go.
There were many layers to the chips, each one requiring the blue print of the circuit to be photolithogged on. the circuit layers had a M prefix, like M1, M2 etc, interconnecting(so perpendicular to the chip surface would be called V1, V2 etc (for via, road in latin), then there were random names for the n-wells and p-wells.
20 years ago or so I worked at an IBM 200mm line in Vermont. Since then it has been bought by the middle eastern fab company called Global Semiconductor. I still remember enough to explain it apparently but forgot enough to not remember the trauma of working 12 hour shifts lol.
PS Nikon was a competitor
that is the theory. In Practice to do it is a completely different story. My PhD Thesis in antiferromagnetic domains studied by PEEM using synchrotron light was based on one sample. I have produced 70. But all but one were completely useless. I new the exact conditions how it was produced. Or did I? that is the difference between theoretically knowing how to do something and actually doing it. Working on a production line does not make you an expert in the technology.
@@slawomirczekaj6667 "In theory there is no difference between practice and theory, in practice there is"
HMDS then photoresist. HMDS is an adhesion promoter that prevents the resit from lifting. 12 hour shifts..Yea 7pm- 7 am making 386,486,K5-K6 w/3Dnow in the 90s @ AMD
Middle eastern fab isn’t exactly a fair way to describe GloFo…. They used to be AMD and are currently a public company. Yes they were owned by a sovereign wealth fund for a few years but they are certainly a US headquartered company and now are a US owned company
worked at varian semiconductor - but built gas based lasers vs the photolithography mentioned here.
A friend of mine works there. He had a PhD in physics. There is A LOT of high tech companies around Eindhoven in the Netherlands, and it's not a coincidence that the Eindhoven University of Technology exists.
Brainport. If anything we should appreciate as dutchies is the way this country provides incredibly efficient and advanced hubs.
Interesting, it is the Belgium research facility called IMEC that has pushed ASML to the company it is today and their partnership since 1991. ASML builds the machines but the knowledge and tools are done by IMEC.
Sounds like an idea target for a Chinese EMP……
what is more impressive about ASML is that their stronghold in EUV lithography is not because of a patent advantage. It's because it's DAMN hard to build a machine like that. They know how to do business.
Great, now make a video about Zeiss lenses that ASML uses in their lithography machines. Fun fact both Zeiss and philips helped in building ASML as a company.
Haha, but ASML and Zeiss are one family 😂 Those Zeiss mirrors are crazily big ! #3FM Project🤣
good point Gagan I said in one of my e-mails that without American chip design ASML would not exist
why is the media always bias and never really tells the truth
Someone watches asianometry here, or at least you should watch his channel if you're interested in the chipmaking process. He has a great video on zeiss and their mirrors. He also goes in much greater depth on EUV and other technologies in the process.
@@dreckman69 yep i've subscribed to it and watched most of the documentaries but i still think we need a few more videos on Zeiss. Content related to it is pretty much scarce.
Fun fact: ASML don't even own the software to run that.
It's more concerning that just 1 location has the ability to produce such a vital piece of equipment.
Better a friendly peaceful nation in Western Europe than a country like China, Russia or the US to have this though.
But I am happy it's not a country or government who uses it as a politics tool
Soon to be China too from the sounds of it.
@@oybekolimov2458thats what the us is aiming for. Making it a political weapon
@@oybekolimov2458 this video _literary_ tells you how it's already used for US political gains
fun fact: The EUV lasers, that are employed inside the lithography machines of ASML are made by a german company called TRUMPF. It is the only company world wide that can build these lasers.
As the ASML ceo mentioned, never say never. Someone might be already working on making them somewhere else. Laws of physics are same in China.
Actually, it's the CO2 laser from TRUMPF you're describing; it's not an EUV laser. This laser shoots each tin droplet twice, first to flatten the drop and increase it's surface area then again to energize the tin and cause it to release EUV photons. These photons are then in turn mirrored onward. These lasers also are not inside the actual machine like the NXE but are sent from an outside beam tube. The CO2 laser itself is another $50M behemoth.
Co2 laser invented by an Indian kumar patel....Raman effect by an indian CV Raman
My radio when I was a kid had tubes so when I read these comments they are Latin to me but I am blown away by the progress that has been made in just my 86 years. My hat is off to the scientific community and let’s pray that all these accomplishments go toward the good of mankind 🙏
You haven't been paying attention.
bro really said pray lol
I’m 53, John, a GenX’er. I see what was, what is and what’s coming. I’m afraid life has become so complicated, no one has the time to appreciate the venerable vacuum tube or any other tech the young people today take for granted. Good for you commenting on videos at 86!! 👍🏼
@@glasstuna You can only “pay attention” to things that ACTUALLY EXIST. The year I saw first jpeg from web, John was 55 years old, if my math is correct.
@@FilosophicalPharmer Being GenX is like standing with your feet planted in two alien worlds.
I do not remember when a story fascinated me like this one. To be the only one in the world manufacturing something, and to not get copied, is really unbelievable.
Like most things that "can't be copied", you can be sure the chinese are working on it.
@@RetroJack they are trying for decades now. They've tried to make an exact copy of the ones they have, but it didn't work. And the chinees are experts in copying stuff ;-)
Yeah and just about the only other thing that they can't copy is Rolls Royce / GE's jet engines.
There's some slight barriers to entry. It's not like copying legos
@@RetroJack, you can be sure russian already making cpus
I work in a separated company of the company Carl Zeiss in Jena
and I'm proud to say that we're the only ones that can make the metrology that's built into THIS lithography machine.
This sayed, ASML can only build their machines because of our products. :)
You must be proud.
@@bartobruintjes7056 everything connects on the world somehow. even we cant build this sensors without other companys. if you do work, you should be always proud of what you did :)
I saw an ASML Air Frieght Crate slipping off the Elevator while unloading at the airport. Luckily they are shipped in 5 Crates (each machine doesn't all come in one part) and there wasn't much physical damage but there was a €90 million cost and 6 month delay just to readjust the accuracy tolerance parameters of the lasers. Crazy.
That is an "Oh, sht!" moment.
@@cvn6555it's a holy fu@k moment!
Almost every chips made with 7 or 3 nanometer technology are use for cellphone, tablet or high end graphics (better known as gaming). Most of the automotive and general appliance use typically 28 nanometer technology because it's much cheaper and especially because it's much more robust in a variety of harsh environment. The Russian and Chinese military and space industry also use widely the 28 nanometer chips or bigger, in combination with special hardening technologies against electronic warfare and cosmic radiation.
There is a big move towards using mass produce civilian technology in military applications.
@@DavidKnowles0 it's just a matter of cost. Mass-produced civilian stuff is so much cheaper than custom-made military stuff.
The main reason the US doesn’t want China to get the most up to date chips is they want to stay ahead on the AI front.
@@mynameismatt2010, it's more the US want to prevent China from being the leader in AI.
@@mynameismatt2010 china doesnt need silicon chips to be good at a.i. think again.
My deepest respect for all those engineers, designers, technicians and others who were there from the beginning constructing this marvel.
ITA! I STILL have great respect for an ancient Hard Drive that was 50 MB and cost a thousand dollars, back in the day!
And the heart of ASML lithography machine is lenses from Carl Zeiss
IMO, it’s actually the EUV laser because the design of such was incredibly difficult due to the possibility of liquid tin explosions fowling optics.
@@12time12 isn't laser would require lenses?
@@gurbanguliberdimuhamedov4228 yes, but there are lense manufacturers in Japan and the US who can develop similar lenses. That doesn’t take away from the incredible Zeiss lenses. The laser was easily the most difficult part of EUV, there is very little room for error. I encourage you to watch the Asianometry video about EUV, he gives a quick explainer. If you want more in-depth discussion then Google scholar has the best work.
The EUV systems dont use lenses, becaus most of the euv light would be absorbed that way. Instead they use hightech mirrors
@@12time12 , incorrect, you don't know what you're talking about. There aren't anyone that's able to build perfect on an atomic scale mirrors like Zeiss does. These mirrors are grown in labs for half a year, and if something goes wrong you lose basically twice as much money while growing it, it's a risky business so no one attempted it other than Zeiss thanks to their partnership with ASML.
Edit: apparently the person I answered deleted the comment in question.
Originally, the comment I answered was something in the lines "Anyway, there are countries like Japan that can manufacture such mirrors".
there are a tons of "how it's made" videos, but it's not very common to find video about who made the machine factory uses, this is good one. Wish there are more.
The fastest chips in the world are from Croky. A Dutch chips brand. They come in different flavours, personally I prefer 'Paprika' the most. They are so fast that once I open the bag it's empty in a minute or two. Now, that's fast!
What factory does the “paprika” come from?
@@DriftWizard750 It's called 'Earth'.
🤣👍
Ik ga helemaal stuk van je opmerking Croky chips!..hoe verzin je het 😂
@@andrealexandre2422 Dat weet ik eigenlijk ook niet, maar ik vond't wel geinig klinken in deze setting. 🤣👍
I know this video is a bit older, but just wanted to add that the USAs DoD has a branch called Defense Microelectronics Activity (DMEA). They maintain a chip foundry in Sacramento CA, presumably to support the other DoD entities with microchips. Would be very interested to know more about what capabilities they have.
I work in the Photo (Photolithography Dept) at Texas Instruments. Our fab is full of ASML machines. DUV’s are our fastest tools, where I-Line tools are slower (typically an older-style, thicker wafers, but still important to the supply chain.)
TI Baguio or TI pampanga?
that's rad
What's DUV mean? (I guess UV = ultraviolet?)
@@rosiefay7283 Deep UV. It's mentioned and somewhat explained at 2:00.
Litho is just one process in semiconductor manufacturing. There are many other process example Etch , thin films ETC.
I lived near ASML for many years and I never knew it produced something so important. They don’t talk much about it on the Netherlands.
ASML in the semiconductor industry is probably the equivalent of KUKA in the automotive industry
Everyone knows about Intel and AMD and TSMC and Porsche and Mercedes and BMW.
But how many have ever heard about ASML and KUKA?...
Yeah, I feel the same about Mycronic. It was just a building located wierdly between the highway and the towns only outside pool.
Don’t worry. As long as the US prohibits ASML from selling to China, it will motivate China to build their own and soon you will have another manufacturer
Exactly .I am honestly tired of monopoly in this tech.
It was about three years ago when I saw a video about ASML and it's Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography technology and when I found out there isn't a single entity in the universe that has this technology I immediately realized the gravity of the situation. I also told my friends who invest to check this company out, because they will be the most important and underappreciated company in this space by far for a long time. I remember the video I saw about them was aptly named "the most important company you have never heard of"
I randomly found out asml. Working in 3th world county pushed my to check job offers. Wanted thing that i saw was incredibly then i dig. Now we are here my dude. This mfs can singlehandedly cause war.
I can't imagine how you know this technology doesn't exist *anywhere* else in the universe...
@@eliharman haha
@@eliharman If you get a super powerful microscope and read the fine print it says: "...universe as known by humans at the time of writing."
@@eliharman The presumption was made that we are the only semi-advanced species in the universe ;D But it also sounded cooler than "the world"
I used to work for FedEx in Veldhoven and you wouldn't believe how many man sized packages they ship out daily. its insane!
kanker kaaskop
@@just1it1moko neeuuuu ik ben een domme kutbelg
Fun fact:
Part of ASML's earlier success came from (allegedly) violating Nikon patents (Nikon was the previous leader in high end lithography equipment). Nikon ultimately settled several lawsuits for what now seems like a small amount, but they do effectively get royalties from some of ASML's activities.
But Nikon's dead
@@keithframe3489 Uh, no, they are not.
This is the reason why helping companies High Value Technology Industries is essential to the growth of a country
I was so confused at what was happening at 1:38. The zoom on Netherland makes it looks like they invaded Belgium, France, Luxembourg and Germany all at the same time.
Yea right? I was like what the f. Is this...
Apologies we made an error; it wasn’t to scale
@@Newsthink It's also the wrong way, because the islands are now on land?
The map is a few years ahead of its time.
BEWARE, EUROPE, WE ARE COMING
@@Newsthink Why USA is banning European country for selling its products on the free markets and why you are so proud of it?
Great video Cindy - nice work. Hope to see more from you in future.
1:37 You just gave us Belgium and half of western Germany 😁 Thank you
Total face palm moment on our part! My bad.
@@Newsthink 😁
Rightful Dutch land.
@@jingex7816 🤣
Thanks for doing a video on this. I’ve heard about the Dutch company but this was very informative. Great video.
As a dutch person, i am proud of this video.
Iam part dutch....Dutch. English and Welsh
ASML’s San Diego teams & subsidiaries (Cymer) help lead their lithography program. Very proud as a San Diegan to contribute to this incredible story out of the Netherlands.
Arent the pulse sources made there?
CYMER is 100% ASML, the USA has nothing to do with this.
I work at a company that supplies ASML with electric cabinets that serve as controllers for those EUV machines. Each EUV machine uses 1-2 of our cabinets.
We make 7 a week.
So only in the past year ASML's production line increased by about 300 new EUV machines.
This is an outstanding pace of growth.
Surely they buying for the future production, just in case. That will explain why they order that much cabinets.
And I work at a company that supplies companies that make electric cabinets with special pallets to ship them to ASML :) (and many more parts). It sometimes seems the whole region is the supply chain to ASML... that should also be mentioned. Among them are other high tech industries on which ASML depends for their parts - like VDL and Prodrive. Those are also the key to success.
@@permanenceinchange2326 Hi tech need really that much, and mostly in high quality.
@@permanenceinchange2326 nah, not the region but the whole country. I worked in Z-Holland at a company that also supplies ASML and I was sometimes in touch with our suppliers also in Overijssel, N-Holland and elsewhere.
@@tiemen9095 nah, not the whole country, but a huge part of the world. I work in California and ASML has a huge stamp here as well.
Doesn't Zeiss Germany make the sub micron mirrors required for ASML machines to even operate?
I've been working on a subsystem of the ASML NXE systems since 2012 and it's fun to see it going from something nobodies ever heard of to being much more widely known, in the news and recognized as the technological tour-de-force that it is.
kanker kaaskop
Nou gaan ons braai
As someone studying Mechanical Engineering in Eindhoven (basically where ASML is), every single day I hear about it but do notice outside the Netherlands (and even within) it’s not that known. Glad to see it recognise as the absolute beast of a company that it is!
For now. In the future, it will be dwarfed by other companies
@@user-pd9ju5dk5s LOLLLLLLL
@@domingosvarelamarreiros7490 Very narrowsighted to think you can forever have a monopoly on an industry 💀
@@user-pd9ju5dk5s They do though haha.
@@domingosvarelamarreiros7490 Who tf is they?
THIS was fantastic. I try to follow this technology as a technically proficient Layperson, but I never knew the light waves were so small, that they, "Came From Outer Space!" BRILLIANT!
ASML just got thrown into the spotlight after the chip crunch. I remember reading about their EUV machines which were used at TSMC's fabs and then suddenly they are on the news and everything. Also should've added Carl Zeiss and imec to the list.
And the Chinese stealing the technology in 2018.
}:(
Now you know why China wants to take over Taiwan so badly
@@TheCarmacon VDL ETG in the Netherlands is also a big part of of building the ASML machines. I know because I work there.
You're right Zeiss is integral to the whole process so just dedicated a video to them: th-cam.com/video/AHfQLjtLJdY/w-d-xo.html
This went really fast, and the employees holding shares are quite lucky now :D
I have worked for a different company in Eindhoven, and one colleague had friends over at ASML. It is like their Apple of the Netherlands now.
I love how the world’s most powerful chip manufacturing machine is built by scientists who use Lenovo ThinkPad 2:39. It’s a laptop that transcends humanity.
Edit: Time stamp
Lenovo is the old IBM bought by Lenovo the Chinese are incapable to invent they buy other companies or copy
I work here and only good thing about that laptop is the nipple so I can use it whilst in the cleanroom instead of the touchpad.
I'm guessing those Lenovo's have 5nm chips in them since it's ASML.
louis rossmann aproves this message.
If you look on your lab top it will say Intel chip made by an America company
Howww do you come across this information? Interviews, working there??
Even before I clicked the video I KNEW it had to be ASML. It’s crazy how reliant we are on their tech.
Absolutely crazy if you ask me, at least on the long run: largest supplier of photolithography systems; and the whole EUV photolithography show run by one and only one company in the whole world, what could ever go wrong!...
Yup it was obvious
Wifi , bluetooth, telescopes , radio , aaah so more
The netherlands make it happen.
And we fight against the northern sea the same time.
I work at a company that makes a part of the machine and its realy cool to see what kind of stuff they do with it
I feel like the manufacturing manual for that machine is one of the most protected non-government documents in the world
I study mechanical engineering pretty close too where ASML is located basically all of our courses have some sort of ASML reference. Our study association is sponsored by them.
We learn their much more expensive and less widely used version of CAD software(which I must admit is pretty good).
It’s incredible how much influence they have
Groetjes uit eindhoven
kanker kaaskop
@@molrat Eric doe rustag
@@thomvanhoof480 zo kan ik echt niet met je werken eric
This was the most seamless transition to a Brilliant AD I've seen so far
Actually the title is not entirely accurate since the majority of the technology in making semiconductors come from US, followed by countries like Japan, South Korea & other european countries like Germany. And the machines made by ASML depends a lot on many components that in itself are made by one or two company in the world, like the lens by carl zeiss
And If there wasn't ASML there would be another company who would come up with a machine like ASML makes, probably a company from the US since when there is a demand there would be supply in the form of some company who will try to innovate and enter the market. That is not to say that ASML is a very important company but its simply not true to say that entire would relies on it coz if the US govt wanted they could give hundreds of billion of subsidies and have an american company make the same machine that ASML does, all the while barring american contractors to not supply components to ASML so they won't be able to make their machines, it would be unfair but can be done in a world of protectionism
Agree but much easier said than done though
@@TheActionTourist True but if it were like national emergency, US can easily mobilise the resources to do it . Since most of the patents and technology in the entire semiconductor industry comes from the US including both non american engineers and scientists living in the US.
Remember WWII? A lot of key scientists back then were actually born outside the US, the best and the brightest who came together to achieve the impossible.
That's the key to success for the US, the best minds along with the vast resources that can lead cutting edge research
ASML is the world' s most important company
Source: ASML bro 😎
@Tin Watchman Most of us are below sea level, what do you mean? lol
@Tin Watchman No worries we got measures so that we do not fall short to the ocean😎
I'm quite fascinated by small countries that are powerful. Netherlands, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Uruguay etc...
The Netherlands has the only farmers consistently more efficient than American ones. They're amazing.
Japan. ASML basically relies on research from the transatlantic plus Japan.
@@toomanymarys7355 Are the Dutch government treats them terribly lately
Israel
Its because they are small that they are allowed to be rich.
i am a netherlands person. and i know a person that works by ASML and he is a GENIUS
A netherlands person?? Wtf is that?😂
Refrigerators, cars, air conditioners all worked just fine before micro-chips ever came into existence.
What, you mean refrigerator that can't even run skyrim? Pathetic!
@Trevor Phillips chips are not making your refrigerator more efficient, its only make it spy on you, and spying cost electrical energy.
They didn’t, that’s why the micro chips are important.
@@henryh95 Both did and didn't. Refrigerators did perfectly fine and were no less efficient. All the efficiency comes from how well insulated it is. No microchip management needed. Cars on the other hand...
What's different is, when the old machines broke, you could fix them. Now we throw them away and buy another one. 51% of Americans buy a new smartphone every year. Lots of money changing hands.
The entire process can't happen without many insanely specialized building blocks. This is only one piece of the puzzle
This is the whole puzzle without missing a part.
@@bartobruintjes7056 yup - just ordered one and start pumping out chips. look at all the country's doing it. ( sarcasm)
No it’s the heart/brain of it
And what machine is used to build this one? THATS the real deal
The world isn’t coming to a end without the smallest process. We can get along just fine with larger nm wafers
This is what people dont understand.
@@TehBananaBread Intel 2023 keynote " So for next year we are going back to 14nm+++++++++++++
This is the most important Dutch company, and located 10 miles from where I live.
Its a massive giant in the chip industry.
Half a mile from where I work. During my studies I had an interview there, which took a pleasant left turn. It started out with logistics (my field of study at that time) and ended with encouraging words about how to set goals and go for it.
Beautiful video. Your voice, pace, content…perfect. Keep up the great work.
ASML is amazing, but it took hundreds of published papers from researchers around the world to develop the 13.5nm lasers modern lithography uses. It's absolutely astounding the technology actually works. Probably just two steps less complex than getting nuclear fusion to work. 😳
man nuclear fusion is easy.
Nuclear fusion is easy, just look up in the sky. During the day you'll only see 1 reactor, but at night you'll see 10,000!
@@wally7856 LOL unless you live in the city. :-P Then you'll see like twelve. Even if we get enough solar deployments to supply all our energy, I still hope researchers solve fusion one day.
@@fss1704 Or shaping a molten tin droplet suspended in midair, using the width of a laser pulse, before gravity can affect, it is jaw-droppingly difficult. That's just step 1 of how this laser works. Definitely look up a video on how EUV lasers work if you're interested in that kind of stuff. :-)
@@wally7856 The Sun's core has roughly the power density of compost, we need something a little different for practical fusion generation
Hi from the Netherlands.
People know us for our weed, red light district, cheese and bicycles.
We also invented the microscope, WiFi, birth control pills for woman, DVDs, the stock market, perfected water management, are leaders in greenhouse harvesting and we're sorry for VOC times.
We're the best English speaking non-english country in Europe, our people are one of the tallest and we know it. Does it make us a little arrogant? Sure, but we earned that right.
Did I mention our smart infrastructure and incredible roads? Oh well. We're awesome.
I have a lot of respect to Dutch as a nation/race/society.
U people have done and achieved much more than what others even imagine though it has some negative outcomes.
You forgot modest.😊
Could never figure out if that machine is run by a computer with CHIPS how did they make the chips for the machine that makes the chips?
Woth an earlier machine ofcourse
1:39 ASML machines are for sure more accurate than your map of the Netherlands 😄
True, a silly error on our part
What's Germany, Luxembourg, France, and Belgium gonna do? WE MAKE THE ONE MACHINE.
@@Newsthink thanks for your answer ❤
Ha! My life is not ruled by microchips. Yes I do miss my wifi when its occasionally down but it doesn't affect my basic survival.
my electricity source would be troubled but I have a wood burning stove that can be used for small scale cooking.
I am lucky to live in rural southern europe so would even have access to locally produced vegetables in local small shops. I do keep dried beans and lentils in the cupboard. I already make my own bread.
But I am old so grew up before the days of fridges in the home. Before tv. And have shelves full of books that need reading and re reading. Life would revert to that of my childhood but I would miss the radio.
That reminds me. I need to plant some tomato seeds and sort my patio planters to make room for some veg.
Majority of the chips that go into fridges and microcontroller electronics do not need to be fabricated using ASML's EUV technology, most can be fabbed using 40nm process or 28nm process, for instance, TSMC fabs the ESP32 LX6 which is quite a bit more capable than a lot of the controllers in both industrial and consumer products using their 40nm process which is only patterned through a DUV 193nm ArF system. EUV is dedicated towards low volume, high margins devices, namely modern computing solutions. China already is capable of domestic DUV patterning, although it isn't clear if they are using ArF or if it's KrF or Hg, which is capable of getting down to 14nm pretty easily, but China hasn't lost access to ASML nor Nikon DUV machines.
so i never knew asml was that big, cycled past it many times and always thought it was just like some small dutch computer company
Not the first time the Dutch had a company that everybody depended on 🇳🇱🌊
yeah i still remember how dutch company (voc) monopolised my country for 300 years
@@flower5175 Indonesia?
@@flower5175 Japan?
In what way ASML is different from LAM research and Tokyo Electron?
If you wanna be successful, you most take responsibility for your emotions, not place the blame on others. In addition to make you feel more guilty about your faults, pointing the finger at others will only serve to increase your sense of personal accountability. There's always a risk in every investment, yet people still invest and succeed. You most look outward if you wanna be successful in life.
Sure! Is a better way to counter this foreseen inflation, because all this wars everywhere are politics.
Living in one's "comfort zone" is a contributing cause to the plight of young people.
Fear is a total failure when you give up Ambitiousness; and Success is a game of dice, you throw your $coin while your investment decides your goal.
@@samiraabubakar2963 they said when you invest little money you earn big,
Can't even imagine how it is possible
I’m amazed nobody else does this. It must be super complex for China not to build a copy. It’s known that sending any tech to China will end up with copies being made, so especially for something so important I’m very surprised they haven’t reverse engineered it. And given how tech-driven the US is, and how good it is at making very complex and advanced machinery, I’m a little surprised they haven’t done it either.
I'm sure the market is too small to justify a second company. It's actually quite common for a company to be the sole manufacturer of a machine when they are custom-made and only a very few are ordered each year.
China also lacks the metalurgy to do some things aswell, i can almost guarantee theres reasons why the old models wernt just improved. I guess the question could even be “what needs improving?” Because without learning how to get to where the machine is now, but not sure where it was generations before, you cant see the full thought process, and on top of that, your looking to improve the whole system which could be endless in decision making and trade offs.
I believe that even if they copy it, the machine would soon be out of date because constant updates and upgrades are made. It can really only be made by people who know exactly what they are doing. It would really require many years of planning, training and investing before they have the people that can succesfully operate such a company. Eindhoven has been a technology center for more than a century driven by Philips and it has its own Tech University. They invented things like the Cassette Tape, CD Player (together with Sony) and even the DVD. You cant just copy a culture like that.
China does not have TALENTED ENGINEERS!
asml has hundreds of suppliers that are at the top tech of their fields, most of the 100k parts come from outside the company
I just want to know how much their ventilation filters are to get zero dusts.
God bless the Dutch.
A great partner to Asia.
China will put effort to copy these 100 000 parts and reverse engineering the machine, you can be sure!
They tried, but guesstimate is , it will take them another 20 years. Trust me, no one inside the company knows the complete machine. And I have been working there in one of the core areas.
They don’t have any EUV machines.
@@12time12 Now they have ability to produce 14nm chips by themselves
@@arturlomakin3555 28 nm not 14 nm. But they'll get there in next 5 years maybe lesser. But 5 nm and beyond will not be that soon.
@@ASK-ko9qx asml will be lightyears more advanced.
ASML is the Dutch East India company on silicon.
Dutch company having the monopoly of one of the most precious commodity? Indonesians having VOC flashbacks LOL
Absolutely fascinating. Thank you.
I study physics at a Dutch uni and we’re constantly bombarded with free ASML merchandise. They really want us to work for them. :p
I is a clever way to give China a massive push to develop their own machines.
But the fun part is ASML uses chips from TSMC... so that leads us back to the conundrum "what comes first the chicken or the egg?".
asml comes first, and "pure" science comes ever earlier, like physics optics and mathematics
And ASML needs extrem mirror System from Zeiss Optik (Germany) for their EUV-Lithography-Machines.
I didn't know they were Dutch, but the second I saw the title I knew it could only be a fab machine.
If Netherland ever stop selling their most advanced machine to Canada, we will stop selling them maple syrup. 🦫🇨🇦
love you, won't stop selling.
not gimme ma syrup.
I don't think I've ever seen Canadian maple syrup in a Dutch supermarkt sorry
@@thommyneter168 than look better cause we do have maple cyrup
A fucking leaf
Hahahahahaha
The Dutch have always had a way with potatoes: they make the best chips.
I should get back into the semiconductor capital industry. For few years, I was a technical writer and illustrator creating and editing work instructions to build DUV (Deep Ultraviolet Light) lithography machines for Cymer, a division of ASML. I made a lot of hay with that experience and worked for the Intel Ocotillo factory in south Chandler.
How can a foreign government impose restrictions on a foreign companie outside the government territorie its insane
So are all the machines they are making going to Taiwan? If they have that big of a company I would assume they sell quite a few of the machines. Aren't companies in other countries just buying the machine?
other countries can buy them too, otherwise sanctioning china would make no sense XD
samsung and intel buys them as well
those machines are very expensive, and having the machine doesn't mean you'll be able to manufacture chips, so it's a hefty investment
like, you can buy an oven, but if you burn every batch of cookie you bake, your bake sale will not work out
The chip machines are about 200 million USD we're going to 3nm process!
the whole world buys them...
TSMC may be located in Taiwan but they own many chip making plants in other countries.
A thought, a few years after the second world war the Japanese were trying to catch up with the Americans on chip development and manufacturing but always found themselves to be one generation behind.
In the end the Japanese Government of that time asked the top 50 Japanese IT companies to let them have their best Scientist to work on the project with a promise to share the data and technology. Not only did they catch-up but leaped frogged them to be a generation ahead. It was the basis which fed the great Japanese IT boom. Never say never with the Chinese
I just watched a vid on a Scotsman who played quite a part in Japan's 'catching up'...they called him the Scottish Samurai...Thomas Glover.
1:37 why do the Netherlands appear to be like twice its real size lmao
Sounds like a case of all the world's eggs being in one vulnerable basket. I can understand keeping cutting edge tech from tyrannies and the like, but there really ought to be more than one factory supplying the more civilised nations.
I'm confident China has the will, money and expertise to start competing with ASML machines in few years. They will be a bit late to the game though, as we are very much approaching the size of a single silicon atom with these litography machines. Quantum computers must take over soon if we want to keep pushing for more computing power and efficiency.
It's also naive to think that China hasn't already started developing their own machines. Tensions with the west have been building for years and it's pretty much certain that this is one of the technologies that they've been trying to become self sufficient in.
@@SNixD I agree! Now that I mentioned Quantum Computers, I looked it up and China is already competing at the top end with at least 66-qubit quantum computer. Litography machines for traditional chip making will pale in comparison, when we start talking quantum computers being able to break all traditional encryption.
quantum computers will probably not "take over" in the near future. they do not have any sort of higher computing power than normal computers. they are just fundamentally fast at solving a certain subset of computing problems.
Forget about it.
@@3pan1 Are you from NY?
How would the chips' print compare to the structure of an optic nerve in our heads?.
I'm not sure how blocking other countries from a few years of work is helping the USA in anyway. Sure China will be slowed, but they will not be stopped. It's so much better to improve the USA competitiveness so that humanity as a whole can share it's fruits together, regardless of who develops them.
I think it's a bit naive to think that way at this point, no? China has shown no respect towards other countries' and companies' IP and R&D. Much of the research and know-how are originated in the US even though they may be commercialized elsewhere, that gives US oversized power/influence to set the market rules and limit unfriendly countries from participating. It isn't entirely different from how china which has closed off many of its industries to foreign competitors, it's getting the reciprocal treatment now.
do a video on the most powerful company in the world, Blackrock.
How is BlackRock the most powerful company? Just because they manage trillions in assets?
That's a no-no on social media. That will put your outlet on a list....
It's not that powerful 🤣
It owns a bit of everything and I own a bit of blackrock, ha!
I was looking for THIS comment! Kudos to u bro, a very informed intellectual indeed.
Why continue attempts to oppress China via technology, etc?
Good ole Uncle Sam should know that'll only encourage them to push the boundaries of their own research to develop either corresponding tech OR something entirely new & perhaps even better...IMO
the machines ASML use to makes chips need chips as well, right? where do they get those chips?
also of note is Austrian IMS producing the most advanced mask writers (no lithography without masks) the only company with high throughput electron beam litography for producing masks for 5nm processes and below
The plot thickens :)
Interesting too see both administrations effects on chinese and foreign lithography
Much of the technology in AMSL lithography machines use was developed in the US and purchased by AMSL. AMSL is more an aggregator of technology much of it purchased in US technology acquisitions. That is why the US has so much control over who AMSL does business with.
Hmmmm
Thanks. It could have been good mention and interrogate recent reports of 3 nanometer chips made in China
Those are under legal issue as rumors had it that TSMC patents were infringed by China.
Yeah. And the Chinese are building a death star. Because they said so. What a pile of 💩
@@temenow bla bla bla TSMC is a foundry they own no patent
@@temenow BS. TSMC engineer were hired by the Chinese, so they will definitely be same. Got any evidence of stealing or are you projecting.
Make no mistake, ASML is not forbidden to sell machines to China by the U.S. It is simply complying with a request not to do so. The U.S., as near as I know, has no jurisdiction over the company.
Edit to add: If the U.S. gets its way, the Chinese will make their own machines while ignoring little problems like patents and put ASML out of business by flooding the market with cheaper machines. Sound familiar? That’s because it would be history repeating itself.
for real though
necessity is the mother of invention
@@paarker true. But not for rich families
I thought of that as well, but these machines seem to be extremely fine-tuned and precise. China so far has demonstrated an ability to produce quantity, but the ability to produce this kind of machine requires a maniacal obsession-level dedication to quality that the Chinese haven't displayed yet. Production vs precision.
Intel owns 15% of ASML
I keep hearing this type of unfounded and misplaced views. In the most optimistic scenario china will be able to produce their own machine that's 1/2 generations behind in performance/precision. Their lack of market depth and value chain optimization will necessarily ensure that their machines will be MORE expensive to produce and less profitable. This economic mechanism is starkly different from china's past advantages in producing low-end products at cheap prices due to abundant labor and factories. On the high-end of manufacutring, scale and supply of well-trained PhD's are exactly what china doesn't have.