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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 2 ก.พ. 2022
- Dig into the myth of the Green Knight, who comes to King Arthur’s court to challenge the honor and bravery of Camelot’s knights.
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It was Christmas in Camelot and King Arthur was throwing a party. In the midst of the revelry, a towering knight proposed a game. He challenged the warriors present to attack him with his own axe. If they could strike him down, they would win his powerful weapon. However, he would be allowed to return the blow in one year. Dan Kwartler details the myth of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight.
Lesson by Dan Kwartler, directed by Sarina Nihei.
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Animator's website: cargocollective.com/sarinanihei
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I love how unimpressed all the knights look. I think they just want the party-crasher to leave.
Even the horse looks bored lmao
What about the real "Debbie downer" there?
They're the Knights of the Round Table. This is nothing in comparison to the things they have seen or done.
But how accurate is a selective fraction of a tome actually through this modern cataract of a lens?
Sure king Arthur, don't invite the sorceress but everyone else, that can't ever go wrong !
Probably never heard of Aurora's christening party.
Anyone think The beginning of the video is starting to sound like sleeping beauty?
Ah yes, never invite her sorceress sister. What could possibly go wrong?
maybe because, since he was her brother, he knew that Morgana was a terrible drunk? or that she interrupted every conversation to correct any factoid or trivia during parties?
Ahh this, this never goes wrong except it does.
" Reputation is what other people know about you. Honor is what you know about yourself" loved it .
That maybe the primary point that
evaded TED-Ed here the most.
I prefer "Honor is what others grant you, but Dignity comes from within".
@paulgreen9059 that's actually pretty good too
She actually offered him 'more' than the three kisses. In the original, this is the climax of the story - the scenes where they are talking, and she is calling him "beautiful and brave" and saying she "wouldn't let such a man go", is breathtaking, you don't know what he is going to do, if he will actually sin with her, it is so tense -- and he rejects the 'more' she is offering, all because God looked for him and gave him this grace, of not sinning.
Then she offers the magical green sash, and he takes it.
When he encounters the green knight, he swings the axe and holds it before hitting Gawain. He then swings it again and again holds it. Gawain gets angry. The green knight then swings it to the end, and it only bites Gawain's neck.
Gawain is actually happy to see his blood, since it means his head wasn't cut off, and he is ready to go - but the green knight says something along the lines of "Why, wouldn't you want to know why I stopped two times? One, for the first day you repayed me your kiss. Two, for kissing me twice the second day; and the third time I swung the axe indeed, for you erred by keeping that sash which is mine by right - yet I only bit you, because your error only was loving your own life."
Gawain is absolutely broken by this, since, as a Christian, his greatest wish is to _deny_ his own life and follow Christ. He confesses about the sash and throws it to the man, who then gives it back to Gawain. He then takes it and wraps it around his neck, as a sign of his error, for nevermore commiting it again.
And, under the sash, his wound starts to heal.
When he gets back to the round table, he tells the others all the story - even his humiliating sin. The others show comprehension and adopt a similar sash to serve for all as a sign.
And that's why all round table knights have a green sash wrapped around the neck.
This is a thoroughly Christian myth which ought to be read with all the Christian references. A must read (in Tolkien's translation, at least)!
You sir are a man of culture for recommending Tolkien's translation
Thank you for this comment
Damn I wish I have a friend like you who's so good at retelling classic stories. Because I always find it hard to understand them.
Tolkien's translation work is so underrated; no idea why though, not like he wrote anything that good himself 🤷♂️
Thank you for explaining
"but on the third day she presented more than kisses"
didn't go where I expected it to go
Seeekkksss
I'm more worried about what would happen after.. Would he have to return the pleasures to the king 😳
@@MuhammadRafy All the more reason to reject her advances.
@@skyereave9454 you don't want the kingly bussy?
@@nyan2317 🤣🤣🤣
Green Knight: *Gets Decapitated*
Also the Green Knight: Oh no, anyway.
"Tis' but a scratch!"
@@najihaharbainvevo2322
*"Tis but a flesh wound!!"*
The moral of this story is obviously to always kiss the homies goodnight.
After seeing the Green Knight movie, it's interesting to see this video.
It was a mind bending movie
Indeed
@@fizansali3245 Where would one find this mind bending movie to watch?
Same train, the soundtrack sold it for me
I understood that movie more thanks to the video
The moment you mentioned the solely uninvited Morgan LeFay, I had expected the rest of the story to be her exacting retribution. I'm honestly gladder with how creatively the tale went. Thanks, Ted-ED!
if i remember correctly the whole green knight thing was ploted by Morgan LeFay to make queen Guenevire die from the shock o seeing someone lose their head.
So... yeah(?)
I love that at the end of the day Gawain was literally like "wtf was all that about?"
Imagine having a dinner with friends, and then a bloody KNIGHT ON A GREEN HORSE WITH AN AXE BURSTS IN
some-BODY!!!
once-TOLD ME!!
the-WORLD!!!
is-FULL OF
- BLOODY PEOPLE?!
this is such a hit of nostalgia, I've read this as a young kid and all the memories of reading stories like this just came back to me.
i remember reading this in a book, but cant remember the name, something to do with squire i believe?
@@zackgravity7284 the squire, his knight and his lady i think
@@THMxxWoW omg thank you so much! this has been on my mind for years haha
Same here! I was very surprised to see how much of it was still in my unconscious, only to resurface in recent years. I'm amazed by how much of a role Gawain has played in my life ethically, without me even remembering his name and story for the good chunk of it.
An absolute gem of a story. It both subverts the very ideas of honor and chivalry and reconciles them with human nature. A story centuries ahead of its time.
Well said! And if I recall correctly, it is the oldest long-form text written in a language which we would recognize as English.
@@satchelsatchel ?? It is in Middle English, we have plenty of texts in Old English
Gawain's lesson, you don't need to be perfect, but also don't ruin the things as you did with the betrayal of Lance.
OSP Summary?
That's a different story written by a mad felon excluded by name from two prisoner exchanges far after Arthur's day.
...And I'm pretty sure the moral is "don't sleep with your best friend's wife, especially if she happens to be the queen". Lance had killed Gawain's brothers, squires, and sons - who were UNARMED in protest of the sentence.
When does an author's original or adapted narrative become a 'legend', and when does a 'legend' become a 'myth'? This is a finely animated and clearly narrated summary of the late-fourteenth-century poem.
Well if we go by dictionary definitions there is no distinction by a myth or legend. They both are old stories except for one detail.
Myths are old stories that cannot be proven false because it's impossible to gather evidence of the claim.
Legends are old stories that cannot be proven true because the record of the event are lost to time or never really happened.
You know in my literature class in high school, my teacher made us read the Odyssey and part of The Canterbury Tales. Maybe a thousand or ten thousand years from now students are going to be reading comic books like Marvel and DC in the same fashion.
@@ghostderazgriz wouldn’t it be the opposite? Usually we refer to Greek stories as myths because we know they aren’t true (because science)
@@emberphoenix5618 science says they think they found Hercules tomb
@@emberphoenix5618No because the other way around would suggest a Myth has the possibility of being true which is impossible in most cases. (However science cannot prove them false but if you think there is a way then do tell)
Legends are possibly true stories (or not) that actually happened (or didn't) but evidence of the story is lost (or doesn't exist).
It’s kind of an interesting theme on honor and humanity, as while it is expected to give your life to hold up your end of the deal, it is also perfectly human to fear for your own mortality and it is understandable to keep the sash, even after having come so far on the journey up to the end
3:53 'Tis Just a Flesh Wound!
'Tis but a scratch
🗨️🤴🏿 "I've had worse."
💪🏿🦵🏿🦶🏿
🤴🏼🗯️ "You liar!"
“Green Is What Is Left When Ardor Fades, When Passion Dies, When We Die, Too.” 🍀
Real moral of story. If your going to keep your deals with that level of honour, don't accept the weird ones.
I like this version better than the movie version. Not because he lives, but because it offers an explanation for the whole situation and closes the story up solidly.
I did not interpret the end of the movie to Gawain going to be killed.
The postcredits scene of the movie let it clear: he survived
"Destiny is a gift. Never forget that fear is but the precursor to valor. That to strive and triumph in the face of fear is what it means to be a hero. Don’t think. Become"
One version of the moral I've heard is that the Lord still praised Gawain for trying, and the incident with the sash was a reminder that he was still human and thus not perfect. There's also a version where Gawain flinches at the strike (that in this one never actually hits), which he is ashamed of, which is when the Green Knight absolves him by reminding him that he tried his best and again, is only human.
I find it incredibly amusing that a knight wielding a weapon and riding a horse crashes in and asks to play a game.
I should try that out sometime.
This is literally the plot of
Adventure time: Green Knight Episode. Finn's Birthday Party
Cant believe TED copied it
Thank you FGO for teaching me all about the Round Table.
The story of the Green Knight, with him being killed/decapitated and then resurrected goes back to ancient religious stories about so-called "dying-rising vegetation gods". Also, there is a similar story in Irish mythology about the hero Cuchulainn (who is similar to Gawain) vs the Bachlach Giant (who is similar to the Green Knight).
Dying-rising vegetation god stories come from all around the world:
In Greek mythology, Narcissus died and was reborn as a white and yellow flower, probably a daffodil.
In Greek mythology, Hyacinth died and his blood was reborn as the hyacinth flower.
In Norse mythology, the god Balder was killed by a mistletoe arrow and he was said to one day return or be resurrected.
In Phoenician-Greco-Roman mythology, Adonis died and his blood was reborn as the anemone flower (an alternative myth involves red poppies).
In Hittite mythology, the god Telipinu (who disappears and reappears, as opposed to dying and being resurrected) is associated with the oak tree.
In Sumerian mythology, the god Dumuzi died in fall and was resurrected in spring, and he is associated with the cedar tree.
In Egyptian mythology, the god Osiris died at winter and was resurrected at spring, and he was associated with the tamarisk tree, the acacia tree, wheat, and barley.
In Phrygian (i.e. ancient Turkey) mythology, the god Attis hanged on a pine tree in winter and was resurrected as spring vegetation.
In Ugaritic (i.e. ancient Syria) mythology, the god Baal Hadad was resurrected as fruit.
In Roman mythology, Pyramus died and his blood was reborn as mulberries.
In Irish mythology, Miach died and was reborn as 365 herbs.
In Irish mythology, the lovers Naoise and Deirdre died and were reborn as pine trees.
In Algonquin Native American mythology, the god Chakekenapok was killed and then reborn as grapevines.
In Penobscot Native American mythology, Corn Goddess was killed and then she was reborn as corn/maize.
In Shinto mythology from Japan, the goddess Ogetsu-no-hime died and her dead body was reborn as rice, wheat, soy beans, red beans, and millet.
In Christian mythology, Jesus hanged on a "tree" i.e. the cross, died, and was resurrected. Also, his body was bread and his blood was wine.
In the German fairy tale of Snow White, she eats a poison apple, goes into a deep sleep or dies, and is awaken or resurrected.
In the French fairy tale of Sleeping Beauty, she touches a flax, goes into a deep sleep, and is awaken.
Seems like D&D creator, Gary Gygax, followed in that tradition for his Greyhawk setting. In it, it is said Nerull, the god of death, slays Obad-Hai, the god of Nature, at the end of every fall, causing winter. Obad-Hai would then be reborn at the end of every winter, causing spring.
in hindu mythology, Lord shiv beheads his own son, lord Ganesh, bcs he refused to let his father go inside to meet his wife.
"Christian mythology" why do people call it that, its so offensive. Christianity is a religion, not mythology.
@@Nopeasaurus every mythology is a religion (not every religion is a mythology tho)
@@Nopeasaurus nearly all religions have mythology, and all mythology is religious. Do you think that the Ancient Greek or Ancient Egyptian religions weren’t religions because they included myths? What about Hinduism and Buddhism?
Christianity has its own mythology, most centrally the Jesus myth, but also the many myths of the Old Testament. A myth doesn’t mean false, it’s means a religious story that is not necessarily literal.
I’ve been watching yall since I was 6 and I still do
Damn so youve been watching for a whole year
The Green Knight is probably my favorite Arthur legend.
Wow I just watched the green knight movie today. What a coincidence
Everyone go watch The Green Knight! It's totally worth it if you're really into this kind of stuff or you're in general a cinephile who appreciates the ultimate audiovisual experience that cinema can create. Unfortunately I feel like it's the most underappreciated film of the year.
I saw 2 films last year in theaters (green knight and the new suicide squad movie). Tbh, I preferred suicide squad even tho it was too violent for my tastes. Sometimes, underrated means that people just didn't enjoy it as much as the competition.
Also watch Merlin. One of the best shows I've watched lately (although it's more than a decade old)
@Snehil Shrey
That's just a subjective opinion.
Loved it. And it was beautiful
@@purplespark8 You mean BBC's teenage Merlin? Or Hallmark's Merlin with Sam Neil from late 90s/early 00s?
Am sad Ted-Ed didn't mention Fled Bricrenn
, an Irish story of the Ulster Cycle (Irish Mythology) which England used as inspiration for the Green Knight.
This isn't an English myth, it's a Welsh one
I should have had this video at my disposal before attempting "The Green Knight" with Dev Patel as Gawain. Might have helped me to understand it better. Especially the thing with the enchanted sash.
The movie done a great job in representation of this myth.
The movie was fine without it lol.
@@ravi.tiwari.
No it didn't, the movie completely ignored Gawain's character arc and the central themes of the story. It was visually beautiful, but it failed to tell the narrative.
@@BuildinWings i want to know what is the central theme ?
@@ravi.tiwari. of course you’d say that, your cousin played Gawain 😂 I’m a Malaysian that likes European history (fact or myths) and Patel was just not it.
You guys deserve some much more for these animations. It’s not just a TH-cam channel. It’s ….everything
I enjoyed that tell, it actually had me ponder the games humanity play.
The movie done a great job in representation of this myth.
Got some Fyi for curious minds. The sash was green and the green knight swung 3 times. Each swing was to match each day at the kings castle. The wound to the neck was the punishment for his dishonesty about the sash.
Yes! The full tale is so rich and thoroughly Christian in all of it - in the end, for example, Gawain's wound is due to his "loving his own life", by trying to save by means of an enchanted sash instead of trusting God while meeting his promises.
Oh how timely, I just started reading this for British Literature! Good to have visual references 😀
I found the story of the Green Knight in the movie much more captivating than the original one.
I like this version slightly better than film version. though they both work in their own way.
you made this story an attractive one
Wow...I just remembered this tale when I was still in High school. I read about it and so many tales of England Fiction.
Ted-Ed never fails with their amazing videos
This video helped a lot after watching the movie Green Knight. The ending was abrupt and confused. Now I need to rewatch it and see if I missed anything haha
If anyone wants to delve deeper into the Legend of Arthur and it be fun one should try Stronghold Legends. It tells the story of Arthur and you play the game as well. Its been pretty well told through cut scene and scenarios you play through.
One of the worst strongholds. Better play the first and crusaders and make a huge distance to the others
@@whiteWallism that's true but I only loved it because of the story it told. Not particularly for gameplay reason
Really loves the A24 version of this!
The movie was so weird, hard to understand but beautifully shot. So i didn't complain
Love the colouring and animation. Kudos!
This give a LOT more context to the movie, I should had looked for this tale before watching it.
Perfectly said. I was so captivated 💓💓
i keep coming back to this video to help me with my essay
I was completely unaware this was a legend! I've seen it pop up in other media, or outright done.
I remember reading a book, that had most of the tales of the Round Table when I was young.
This story is one of my favourites.
The movie adaptation was awesome especially the ending...
Yeah, truly
Why watch hours of a show when 5 mins of ted ed is all you need?
The green knight really broke down the hero’s tale
Ah, I remember this tale from my childhood! And the shifting felt pen drawings are a great match.
Ted is always full of such brilliant ideas and concepts!
Bravo 👏
Not Ted's idea. This is an ancient myth.
For a good translation of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight... 😊
I'd recommend starting with Simon Armitage for a person's first read (or they're only read if they only ever read it once). He does a hauntingly beautiful translation; he spins an engrossing sense of magic and mystery with his words. Like other translators, Armitage attempts to capture the original's use of unrhymed alliterative verses followed by five brief rhymed verses ("bob and wheel") for poetic effect, but his work sounds better overall than most others to my ears.
I'd say second place to Armitage is Bernard O'Donoghue's translation in Penguin Classics. He's almost as good as Armitage, but just shy with one too many verses which fall flat. Tolkien, Raffel, and Merwin are each decent to good in their own ways, but in my opinion they each more or less sit in third after Armitage and O'Donoghue. I'd like to taste Keith Harrison's translation in Oxford World's Classics someday.
Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is a short read. One can easily read it in a single afternoon if one reads at an average speed (around 250 wpm). As such, it's easy enough to read through Gawain in multiple translations in a handful of days. But again I'd start with Armitage.
TED-Ed: *super dramatic and ominous narration*
OSP: *goofy music intensifies*
I think it’d be interesting on these myth videos if you guys included other popular versions of the legends. That way we could see the different lessons & interpretations of the same story
YESS! THE SERIES IS BACK!!!
Braver than Sir Robin for sure!
“Sir Robin ran away, away!”
@@GenuineMachine307
"Brave, brave Sir Robin"
ted ed i have been loving your videos recently. such great animation and stories
This was very well made--thank you!
I watched the movie recently, having not heard of the myth beforehand and it was so intriguing but really hard to understand or intepret.
I always wondered why Gawain didn't just give the Green Knight a little superficial cut.
Probably he wanted to kill the guy so that the Green Knight could not strike back
He kinda possessed the queen tho lol
It would have been dishonorable, because it would be cowardly and go against the spirit of the game - he was presenting his head to be killed and Artúr suggested Gawain kill him.
This 5min video is way better then the 2 hour whole movie.
When I heard this story as a kid: woah! Gawain almost got his head chopped off. That was close 😅
When I hear this story now: this is a story which highlights the differences between honour and reputation, acting as an example of when a good reputation doesn’t match the behaviour of the reputable and the inner turmoil which that conflict between honour and reputation can spark.
frfr. i looked at oversimplified like that when i was young. now it is entirely analytical and theoretical, what are we smokin😂
I remember reading this story with lots of other ones about arthur and the knights of the round table, honestly so exhilarating to be reminded of that time again
adventure time had their own version of the green knight! no wonder why this story seemed familiar
We're literally reading this book right now in my English class. What a coincidence!
The animation graphics is on another level.
Suddenly Finn's birthday party goes from something weird to a weird homage
Just expressing my appreciation for the subtle nod to Month Python
Beautiful story
So that’s how the one punch man got his power😂 Gawain’s face really had me there
The Green Knight: Your head's off
Gawain: It's just a flesh wound
Guess this is my fave of King Arthur's stories ❤ very well told 😻
I watched this story on Adventure Time before I even found out about this myth. It's nice to see where they took inspiration from and all the similarities and differences they have.
I cant believe they made a movie based on this legend, it really doesn't lend itself well to the movie format, especially not with the ending
I needed answers after the green knight movies and yeah ...definitely helps having background to understand the references...
This is a pretty good story about life in general.
The Green Knight after being beheaded: TIS BUT A SCRATCH!
So is this the inspiration for Fern's introduction in Adventure Time? I forget the details but Fern took the form of a green knight who challenged Finn to a game on his birthday.
Oh, yes! A wonderful story about one of the great knights. Gawain the 🤔.
This is definitely how life is, a strange journey
Literally just watched The Green Knight movie last night! 😳
More Myths please!!!🧡🧡
Thanks for the Myths Ted-Ed!💘💘💘👍
I was tired and this video melted my brain
If they havent done this yet I think they should do the story of Theseus
I figure you're talking about Ted-Ed, but if you're interested in a movie about Theseus, it's called "Immortals" where Theseus is played by Henry Cavill.
Wanted to watch this as I just finished watching the awesome Merlin series
I love these videos!
This is more deep than the recent movie!
bruh really just read the whole damn thing for an analysis paper then Ted Ed rolls in as soon as it’s over with the one thing I needed
ted ed has come a long way from teaching modern reasoning to ancient myths
I prefer ancient myths because it's ancient reason, how we've thought, understood, and acted upon the world for thousands of years. Layers upon layers of meaning to decipher. Modern reason has its place, but it's relatively small and comparatively straightforward. It's being within your community vs being as a detached individual.
I love Ted Ed!!!
Thanks, David Lowery.
Thank you...your video easy to understand..thank you so much
Any Adventure Time fans?
Never realized they reference this myth in adventure time