Creating a Simple REST API in CodeIgniter 4: Step-by-Step Guide #2

A REST API (Representational State Transfer Application Programming Interface) is a web-based architectural style for building web services that allow communication between different systems on the internet. The main goal of a REST API is to provide a standardized way for systems to communicate with each other using the HTTP protocol.
REST APIs use HTTP methods (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE) to perform various operations on resources identified by URLs. These resources can be anything from a single data object to a collection of objects. REST APIs typically return data in JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) or XML (Extensible Markup Language) formats, which are easy to parse and work with in different programming languages.
The key principles of a REST API include:
Client-server architecture: The client and server are separate entities that communicate with each other through a stateless protocol like HTTP.
Statelessness: Each request from the client to the server must contain all the necessary information to process the request, as the server does not maintain any client state between requests.
Uniform interface: The interface should be consistent and standardized, making it easy to understand and use by different clients.
Resource identification through URI: Each resource in the API should have a unique URI that identifies it.
Manipulation of resources through representations: Clients can modify or delete resources by sending a representation of the resource to the server.
Self-descriptive messages: Each message should contain enough information for the receiver to understand how to process it.
Hypermedia as the engine of application state (HATEOAS): Clients can navigate through the API by following hyperlinks in the responses.
REST APIs are widely used in modern web applications and are considered a reliable and scalable way to integrate different systems and services.
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