Neutron Stars: Crash Course Astronomy #32
ฝัง
- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 4 มิ.ย. 2024
- In the aftermath of an 8-20 solar mass star’s demise, we find a weird little object known as a neutron star. Neutron stars are incredibly dense, spin rapidly, and have very strong magnetic fields. Some of them we see as pulsars, flashing in brightness as they spin. Neutron stars with the strongest magnetic fields are called magnetars and are capable of colossal bursts of energy that can be detected over vast distances.
Check out the Crash Course Astronomy solar system poster here: store.dftba.com/products/crash...
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Chapters:
Introduction: Neutron Stars 00:00
Electron Degeneracy 0:51
Neutron Degeneracy 1:28
Neutron Star Characteristics 2:24
Pulsars 5:56
Magnetars 8:15
Review 11:48
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PHOTOS/VIDEOS
Star Burst svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/det... [credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center]
X-ray Images of G292.0+1.8 chandra.harvard.edu/resources/... [credit: X-ray: NASA/CXC/Penn State/S.Park et al.; Optical: Pal.Obs. DSS]
Neutron star cross section commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi... [credit: NASA]
Fermi Spots 'Superflares' in the Crab Nebula • NASA | Fermi Spots 'Su... [credit: NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center]
What is a pulsar? • NASA | What is a Pulsar? [credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center]
Jocelyn Bell blog.sciencemuseum.org.uk/insi... [credit: National Media Museum / Science & Society Picture Library]
Beacons of X-ray Light • Beacons of X-ray Light [credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech]
Chandra Time-Lapse Movie chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2002... [credit: NASA/CXC/ASU/J.Hester et al.]
NASA's Fermi Satellite Finds Hints of Starquakes in Magnetar 'Storm' www.nasa.gov/content/goddard/n... [credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center/S. Wiessinger]
NASA's Swift Reveals New Phenomenon in a Neutron Star www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/swi... [credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center]
Cosmic Explosion Second Only to the Sun in Brightness svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/det... [credit: NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center Conceptual Image Lab]
![[TH] 2024 PMSL SEA GF D2 | Summer | ร่วมส่งแรงใจ เชียร์ไทยไปพร้อมกัน](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/dN2gLsCJ0T0/mqdefault.jpg)
Can we just discuss how effing cool the name "magnetar" is?
+Sapphire Shard Sounds like a pokemon.
deathquest03 guessing that’s why I see Pokémon references everywhere
The microwave uaed to be called the magnetron. Sounds like a transformer.
hgah! here we call i magnetron kinda
@@gammkrab where's that?
"As far as it's concerned, normal matter is slightly polluted vacuum.""
Best line ever.
Xikes Emi yeah it is, i heard him say it but i thought he was talking about the neutron material. Man what a heavy statement. Basically everything is insignificant to a neutron star
Goals in life: to be as excited and enthusiastic about most things as Phil is about astronomy
3:32 "Neutron starts are RIDICULOUSLY dense." Still not as dense as flat-earthers.
Lol!
Great pun!
The most appropriate pun👌
Thank you. I'm not going to even
Say how dense they can be.
You are a heretic for believing the earth is round! The universe revolves around earth!
This is how you sound.
You’re the select few that believe the earth is round. Literally everyone I know knows that the earth is flat. There’s too much evidence to support the earth being flat
Neutron stars are very attractive.
+drink15 Is that supposed to be some kind of gravity pun?
+drink15 I see what you did there. ;D
+drink15 id bang.
+drink15 eh neutron stars are nice and all, but once you go black, you never go back..
+drink15 Nice :D
I had trouble understanding this video, the material was a little dense.
+Gareth Dean Ayyyyyyy
+Gareth Dean ba-dum tish
+Gareth Dean WHY ARE YOU FOLLOWING ME?!
Verdiss i just want to be popular....
+Gareth Dean
Hint: You can watch a video more than once, if it's too fast for you.
Saying a neutron star's magnetic field reacts "poorly" to starquakes might win for best understatement of the year
"that's halfway across the galaxy"
goddamn, magnetars are just overpowered
Top ten overpowerd space objets
Magnetar 2OP Plz nerf.
Top 1 OP, even more dangerous than black holes
A gmail I mean, they can wipe the information on a credit card and suck the iron out of your blood from thousands of miles away. Sounds like somebody gave an MRI that electric VTECH.
Rajat Chatterjee really? Last time I checked Gamma ray bursts came nowhere close to a quasar.
Neutron stars have always been my favourite celestial objects. And for good reason, they're absolutely insane
+Nikolaj Lepka What psychological education are you basing this off? Do Neutron Stars even have minds?
MadnerKami I knew someone would pose this question eventually
My statement was figurative, not literal, as I'm sure you're aware
+MadnerKami I laughed way too hard at this.
+Nikolaj Lepka There should be a neutron star named Pinky.
+Nikolaj Lepka insane in the sense they defy the Standard model.
Phil is the teacher I would love to have had. I can't count how many times I have watched this video with his enthusiastic speech.
Magnetar, I choose you! 😂
loooool😂😂😂
Lol Pokémon got catch them all no matter how far in space they are 😛
Magetar - God's super weapon.
Piper Tye
Magnetar used Starquake against the Milky Way. It was super effective!
Magnetar used Magnetar Flare! it's super effective! Sattelite was stunned! Scientist was confused!
I drive my car at "a fraction of the speed of light".
Hmm.. In vacuum or in atmosphere?
+dIRECT0R The speed of light is 300,000km/s. We measure speed in America by mph. I'm too lazy to do the calculations, but it's not 7mph.
671 mph. He's off by one zero...
pnp072000 186,000 miles per second my friend.
dIRECT0R xd
I can't wait for the black hole episode if it is coming!
+Senses Gaming Next week!
+CrashCourse Looking forward to it, i simply can't wait!
+CrashCourse aw hell yeah
+cristian elizondo HAIL YAH MY FAV ASTROPHYSICS OBJECT!!!
+CrashCourse will you talk about on white holes? I know they're still sort of hypothetical, but I really like it when people touch on the really weird stuff.
Phil,
Neutron stars are my #1 favorite objects in space and I've been fascinated by them for years. Kurzgesagt's video on Neutron Stars was one of the most important and informative I had seen in a long time, but I had been eagerly awaiting your CrashCourse video on them because I knew you would be capable of explaining their properties in such an excellent way.
Not only did you deliver on Neutron Stars, you also touched on Pulsars and Magnetars. I'm floored. I've watched this video something like four times already. I'm grinning like an idiot over it, because these objects are so unbelievably fascinating and you've done such a good job.
Thank you. Thank you!!
2:50 "You're mostly empty space"
This escalated quickly.
2:43 "small city" uses New York as an example
couldn't get worse. XD
XD americans really "think big"
for me (germany) a small city has under 10.000 people o_0
he didn't use the whole of New York.If you look closely,you will see a circle over the Manhattan region.So saying a small city and giving an example of a small circle over a part of New York isn't wrong
Every comparison I hear for a neutron star uses Manhattan specifically as the size analogue, and Manhattan is actually pretty small...
Andrew Dornan Auschwitz is in Poland
Excellent video. It is also worth mentioning that the magnetic field of a neutron is due to the magnetic fields of the quarks that comprise the neutron. If the neutron were an elementary particle, it would not be able to have a magnetic field due to the fact that it has a net electric charge of zero.
Physics Videos by Eugene Khutoryansky that you, i was very confused about why they had one
Physics Videos by Eugene Khutoryansky. WHAT?
No.
Magnetic field is due to the remaining protons and electrons (about 1% of the matter in NS), and the convective movement of its matter in the first seconds after its creation.
What electric charge of neutron has anything to do with it magnetism? Carrier of magnetism (and electricity) is photon. Photons charge is exactly same (neutral) as neutron has. And also photon haven't got even a mass. But still it affects on magnetism. Right?
engosama design why did allah wait so long to make his creations enlightened? He could have done it on the day of creation, no? Think about that.
This is by far the best CC running right now, Phil is a wonderful teacher! :)
Magnetars are terrifying. Wow.
Also, thanks for clearing up some misconceptions I had held for ages. Neutron stars, depending on how they behave, are themselves pulsars and magnetars. I thought all three of these objects were different things!
I just love the little Phil cartoon character in the intro, the little smile is too cute. So happy. I EXTREMELY love these videos.
Magnetar. Sounds like the deadliest Pokemon ever. Also has some mind numbing numbers attached to it. Very awe inspiring.
I DIED laughing when he said "I'm not saying aliens" and a cartoon version of you know who showed up in the lower right corner haha, the BURN.
Hence a saying, “the more you know, the more you don’t know”
The crash course astronomy series is by far the best cc series they've made so far. Great job Phil!
Is it wrong to squeal a little bit when I see this in my sub list? XD
+GammaCruxis no
:P
+GammaCruxis Not at all. I squealed a bit too, and I'm a 23-year-old straight male.
i jump in the air and raise my hands
+GammaCruxis CrashCourse Astronomy uploads are one of my favourite things in the week. I really do look forward to them.
+GammaCruxis I actually once even pulled off to the side of the road to watch it
Neutronium!
***** Is that you, Charlie Sheen?
+Steven Manning Wonderflonium!
Isn't that the stuff what Thor's hammer is made of?
Krzysztof Bobkowski nope, thor's hammer is made of a rare asgardian metal, and it was forged in a dying star, because marvel
It's held down by basically magic when someone unworthy tries to grab it
God i need to go out more...
+agustin venegas Magic, or does it emit gravitons in equal but opposite force to the unworthy person trying to pick it up?
Wow! I have a HUGE braingasm with every astronomy episode! You're the friggin' best Phil!
As a science guy, I LOVE your show and the summary at the end. Greetings from Germany.
You know you love astronomy and crashcourse and this series that you stop comforting a friend just to watch this video 😂
+Shimin Shamim The video will still be here.
+AwkwardCheeseIsAwkward and his friend may not
AwkwardCheeseIsAwkward Junaid Mohsin she couldn't go to an open event and she isn't even upset. If It was something serious my friends would he my first priority by a long mile. And I'm a girl.
What exactly do you mean by "comforting"
DiamondKnightHD telling her that there are other chances of going to the school and she shouldn't be upset just because she lost one of the chances.
I wonder what that starquake did to nearby objects *shivers*
All of the credit cards were wiped clean.
That energy burst from the magnetar must have destroyed all life around that part of our galaxy, 50 thousand years ago! :(
John C F good thing magnetars are so rare then.
John C F - I believe so, I also think it’s what caused the earth to unalign from its axis and I believe it changed earths gravity.. large giant human bones, gigantic dinosaurs, massive flying lizards, gigantic marble blocks / the pyramids can only mean that things weighed less before ?
@@A4ANT Although this happened 50 thousand years ago, the energy released reached us just recently. Unless you're referring to the possibility of a closer Magnetar much more long ago.
I was wondering about this. If the effect it had on us at 50kly away was negligible, what effect would it have had had we been any closer? What effect would it have on planets much closer to it?
@@A4ANT A magnetic pulse cannot change something's gravity... Also, all of those things can be easily explained with the Earth's gravity as it is. I'm not sure why you think otherwise...?
"when the Sun's magnetic field throws a tantrum.." lmao
Starquakes: Because single-digit Richter scale measurements are boring
James Craver we no longer use richter
We use moment magnitude
If I'm mostly empty space, what does that make most politicians?
+warfjm Fecal matter
black hole ?
+warfjm also empty space. They have to obey the same physical laws as you.
+warfjm hot air
+warfjm vacuous
Dr. Phil Plait, you are amazing! Your elucidations on the cosmos--- stellar structure, birth and death of stars, black holes, neutron stars,
magnetars, planets, nebulae...and myriads of such phenomena are simply stupendous and convincing!
It is so gratifying to listen to your discourses! It is a treat...you literally 'tune-in' with the diversified audience globally!
We so look forward to getting enlightened by your enthusiastic and crystal-clear presentations!
Best explanation of density I have ever heard. Well done.
Man do I love this. Best CC ever, I don't want it to end >.
That was a fantastic episode! I've been feeling a little lost with the last couple, but I understand it much better now. Never heard of Magnetars before, they sound absolutely insane.
I LOVE this series. I'm an avid watcher of "How the Universe Works" and I love Phil in that series. But here I've learned much more detail than the TV series. Phil's enthusiasm for astronomy and teaching is wonderful and very engaging. I happened upon these TH-cam videos by accident, and I'm very glad I did!
Stumbled upon the black hole episode in 10th grade and fell in love with astronomy. Over a year later, I'm about to graduate from high school a year early and go to school for astrophysics. So fun to go back and watch episodes on the subjects I've taught myself. Thank you for this series!!
It's like you spent the last 31 eps getting more and more excited and then BAM! NEUTRON STARS!
I dont know man... Black holes sound pretty boring with the variety of neutron stars. Especially quakes on magnetars O_O
+HexerPsy I don't know, super-massive black holes are pretty interesting, with masses million or billions times that of the sun.
Plus, they do this: 2.bp.blogspot.com/_mOGZbOPkY1M/SMQiFFa3ESI/AAAAAAAAAD0/aWTsSegsxRE/s400/m87l2_s.jpg ; tse4.mm.bing.net/th?id=JN.K5GF4Fi26Rtfm1k%2f%2bkbB7g&pid=15.1 ; media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/736x/2a/75/6a/2a756a53a8a578e711f8edefedad170e.jpg
Enormous jets of radiation and particles that extend for millions of light-years, sometimes creating plumes far bigger than the host galaxy itself.
SV67943
You make a good point. So right back at you: you cant see the black holes... You always have secundairy things you detect them by. Neutron stars are at least visible :O
Looking forward to the next episode though. Surely if he builds this much hype, at some point there needs to be a climax... But which episode will that be?!
kkthxk idk, i dont really find that so depressing. Everything else here on earth basically works the same way: a car works wonderfully during its 'life time' and there are many varieties to see - but ultimately it breaks down and becomes a boring rusty skeleton.
We live in an age, after several cycles of stars spilled their guts - which allows for interesting chemistry such as life.
We can see incredibly far back into the past...
You could even say we were born just a bit too early as the Andromeda galaxy will soon collide with ours. That should be amazing to see in the sky!
As space expands, light from the distant past will become so cold and so much harder to detect that the other galaxies will remain dark, and their universe will be locked to one single galaxy.
We are before this time, and lucky to sometimes even detect the light of the first galaxies in formation.
While the end doesnt inspire much awe, our current situation is a very great one. Enough to look up and search the sky for more interesting things to see :)
*****
Hmmm.. thinking about it, its probably because on the outside black holes are pretty simple: Massive amounts of gravity. And when they interact with other matter, cool things happen.
On the other side, neutron stars come in a few varieties with their own special features.
Ah well.... as long as it all stays at a distance....... XD
Two Neutron stars can combine to form a black hole. They can also form a Supermassive Neutron star.
These are by far the best astronomy videos I've ever seen. Things are explained so well I actually feel like I have a simple understanding of these concepts.
"A neutron star has the surface gravity 100 billion times stronger than Earth's."
Goku: Time to train!!
Muffin button.
LOL
It's above level 9000!
Phil, I am rapidly running out of words to describe how awesome you are. Today I think I can afford to use "Incredotastic".
I was waiting for this episode for so much time!!! Thanks guys, awesome job like every other video :D
God I love astronomy. I know its a strange thing to say but neutron stars are my favourite astronomical phenomenon. The numbers are just mind boggling. They are the nut-jobs of the universe!
mastergx1 Super Massive Black Hole: Hold my beer.
I LOVE this guy! The passion is highly contagious!
Whelp, it's 00:30AM. Gotta go to bed.
Let's see, if there is still something interresting on yout...NEUTRON STARS!
Phil Plait is absolutely hilarious! I haven't laughed so hard during an educational video perhaps ever. Major props for making this even more entertaining than the material on it's own that's an essential talent.
Your course is one of my favorites on TH-cam. You da great Joann should be very proud of yourself Phil!
These things are absolutely, literally, mind boggling. Thanks
I was searching
You were on a mission
Then our hearts combined like
A neutron star collision...
sorry
+Gabriel Jablonsky The end.
+Gabriel Jablonsky Next week: Super massive black hole
I love you guys
The first and only song that pops out after seeing this episode
Gijs Klaassen HAHAHA
I'd been waiting for this episode! Neutron stars are by far my favourite objects in the universe :)
02:06 my favorite part of neutron star creation - I love just imagining this
You're so passionate in your exposition it puts a smile on my face
You are absolutely brilliant, interesting, great speaker and highly knowledgeable.
a few questions:
can a neutron star die(like a star).
can a neutron star become a blackhole if it get enough matter.
is a blackhole not just a massive neutron star?
what happens if 2 neutron stars colide?
+rubikfan1 What *creates* a blackhole is nothing more than a massive version of what would *create* a neutron star. However, a blackhole is entirely different from a neutron. Where a neutron is an immensely packed set of iron atom cores, a blackhole's gravity become so great that it told the nuclear forces to go home, and crushed everything into essentially a single point.
To an answer for the last question, look it up at NASA, they watched two neutron stars collide which made it so dense that it became a black hole, so yes a neutron star can become a black hole BUT a black hole is just an object that is so incredibly dense and massive that it creates on super dense point called a singularity that everything gets attracted to. A neutron star isn't really a star because it doesn't do nuclear fusion, if it did, then maybe it could die like a star.
+rubikfan1
A neutron star is basically already a dead star.
Yes
No
and Boom
+rubikfan1 In the event of a Neutron Star Collision, our LOVE WOULD BE FOREVER
+rubikfan1 ya'll need to watch this watch?v=vNaEBbFbvcY
at around 5:39 when he says " oh my, yes" it reminded me of professor farnsworth from Futurama
That magnetar bit about our magnetic field being compressed was just fantastic. Chills!
This is crazy inspiring.
Hold on a second... Magnetars? Call me crazy, but I think I figured out why IceFrog gave Magnus (The Magnataur) an ultimate called "Reverse Polarity" that pulls everyone in to him, even though it doesn't seem to fit with his theme at all (basically a centaur with a really rare horn).
This is my favorite episode of this series. "...Normal matter is a slightly polluted vacuum..." simply insane.
2020 here. I love Phil Plait so much I just watch this series once a year or so.
Still the best neutron star explanation video.
LOVE this series. Keep up the great work guys! I proudly back this series on Patreon and urge everyone to do the same!
Gotta love Phils passion he made the video so entertaining. Well done on such a mind boggling subject. How insignificant are we and our machines
Great job with this video! I had some background in the material, but this solidified my understanding and was fascinating to watch/listen to! just WOW.
lol
"you'd be dead, obviously. Like, super dead." lolololol I don't know why that made me laugh so hard
It's so dense, every single cubic centimeter has so many things going on.
+Joorum It stylistically designed to be that way and you can't undo that but you can diminish the results of it.
+Erick Nordquist something something pizza rolls something hack frauds.
+Joorum What is it with Ricks?
Great vid man! Your ability to describe, explain, elaborate all while emoting in a positive format is a nice vibe to keep you watching & wanting to know more! your speech is very quick, I had to -10sec a few times lol to further understand what you said, but that’s prob on me bc I’m watching this right before I knock out. Melatonin release is in full stream! You guys earned a sub! Keep it upppp
I've watched this video at least 7-8 times and it blows my mind more and more each time
How in the hell has TH-cam not recommended this channel to me before now?
I have only been on since ...2006?...or whatever the start of YT was..trying to mold the algo to my interests..and yet every week or so they recommend some channel that I would obviously be interested in that has been around for years.
Anywho. Great job. Subscribed.
6:54 "Little Green Man 1" I guess it's a Kerbal
This is an absolutely fascinating series. Thank you.
These are so well written and delivered!
This is awesome! One thing, though, on iPhone the pop up little messages are a little too small to read in the millisecond you allow them on screen. So either make them bigger or freeze them longer on screen. Thanks for all this amazing stuff
So how many star civilisations died to this magnetar explosion ?
First video I saw of you guys, and since then, I have beel following the serie because i just love it. Thanks for your job!
awesome work crashcourse astronomy; imo this is your best video to date; and even one of the best from crashcourse full stop. explained so clearly and simply - thank you!
7:55 The way he said that made me crack up for some reason 😂😂
AM I THE ONLY ONE WHO WANTS CRASH COURSE: PHYSICS????????///
Check out Physics Girl. She makes learning about physics fun.
At least, it was physics. Astrophysics...
it’s out
Going on for four years old and this is still my favorite TH-cam video :-)
I have to stop this video midway just to say that this guy is one of the best hosts I've ever seen on TH-cam. Like shiet man this guy's like 1.3 Hank Greens.
Thank you very much for making this episode, Phil Plait and the others at _Crash Course_ Astronomy! This episode was amazing! Definitely the best episode of this series so far. All I heard was ‘huge, gigantic, tremendous, substantial’ (and other synonyms describing the odd properties of a neutron star) and ‘hundred millions, thousands, billions, trillions, quadrillions’ while I saw beautiful pictures of neutron stars, some magnetars and some pulsars. Fantastic! Today I learned very much but the most important thing I learned was that neutron stars are really DENSE, small (because they are very, very COMPRESSED) and that they are really, really weird!
By brain has melted, mission accomplished, Phil. Thanks for that.
Despite the my melted brain brain, I do have some questions for you: how rare are neutron stars in the universe? How many have we detected? So, one of every ten neutron stars are magnetars, but how many are pulsars? The last one maybe is kind of obvious, but I will ask it anyway: is the northern star pulsar?
Polaris is not a neutron star and therefore not a pulsar. It's a multiple star system. Seems to contain a pulsating variable star though. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polaris
As for the abundance: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutron_star#Population_and_distances. 2000 in our galaxy, most detected as pulsars.
Sturzfaktor2 Thank you very much for responding!
bang
Just want all involved, and especially phill, to know my family loves your shows. It simple enough for young kids, yet informative enough to intrigue adults. Thank you all very much and keep brightening lives and the heavens with your efforts.
I just love to find channels like this, thanks a lot!
I just passed for the third phase of the Brasilian Physics Olympcs in the 9° grade thanks to you guys :D
in portuguese it's "obf", a shorting for " Olímpia brasileira de física "
+Mateus Daniel Gratz!
Thanks guys :D
+Mateus Daniel Parabéns, mlk! o/
"you're are mostly empty space" sadly that so true it sad
this was so awesome! Love the Astronomy courses here
This is the best neutron star presentation I have seen and I have been looking a lot!
And I thought Goku training at 100Gs was extreme :P
WOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
NEUTRON STAAAARS
+Jawjawjaw3 YEEEEAAAAAAAAHHHH
This is the best crash course series.Phil has real love for astronomy.
This is my favorite episode, Neutron stars are incredible!
+Crash Course I request a Quantum Physics series!!!!
Why do neutrons resist being compressed so much more strongly than electrons?
+aperson22222 Quantum Mechanical effects. Basically, due to the higher mass of the neutron the wave mechanics of an electron typically have more distant peaks and valleys than the wave mechanic found in a neutron. So a sine wave analysis from a neutron shows that by whatever metric you use to measure the distance from peak to peak or valley to valley is generally "shorter" than the wave peaks and valleys you find with electrons. So because the neutron is more massive, it does not interact as a wave function as far from its "center point" as does an electron. Something which takes up less space, as is sort of analogous to a neutron wave compared to an electron wave form means it can be "squeezed" closer together than the "bigger" or more distant quasi-central point of an electron.
Interestingly, if you analyzed the wave mechanics of both to try to figure out their actual sizes, the neutron is much larger than the electron, but their quantum effects are reversed as to how they interact with other things around them. So the smaller point particle we call an electron still have a bigger "sphere of influence" than the much larger neutron.
As noted in the video, whenever the gravitational pull of a collapsing stellar core exceeds a certain limit, the electrons which would hold up the pressure of the star in a white dwarf exceed their limit and they are basically combined with protons (ans specific kind of neutrinos-antineutrinos) to make neutrons, which since that object has a smaller wavelength (due to it being much more massive) you can put them closer together than you could electrons.
Hope that helps. IT was super simplified, but when trying to talk about quantum effects the simpler (even though it is not accurate) is the best, just to get at the overarching idea.
Abel Tan Particle-wave duality. I don't understand it, but I'm aware of it.
evilcam Thanks, that was helpful. I had assumed electrons resisted being compressed because of their like charges, and that doesn't apply to neutrons. Guess I was barking up the wrong tree.
Neutrons follow the Fermi-Exclusion principle just the same way electrons do. So yes one way to put it is electrons can't be as compacted simply because of their likeness (charge as a lepton number applies), but it's really that they are fermions which causes their degeneracy pressure threshold. So you're correct aperson22222. There are just a few more quantum mechanical details which truly explains their degeneracy pressure. The conversion point is a result directly of the Weak Nuclear force. Fermi-Dirac statistics are a result of the nature of the particles involved. Like charges (in this context) repel electrons and thus make it hard for them to interact, but the full explanation (or at least the most consistent one) involves all of the above and is explained pretty much solely via quantum mechanisms.
There are certain types of particles called fermions, a distinction depending on a property of a particle called 'spin', which doesn't have a satisfying corollary to anything tangible. It's just a number each subatomic particle or even nucleus has. It's called spin because it interacts with magnetic fields the same way physically rotating does.
Anyway, if the spin is a certain value, the universe will just resist them being put closer together with all its might. If you wish, you can think that bosons act more like waves, so many of them can be in the same spot, but fermions, like electrons, act more like particles, running into each other and colliding. The universe just doesn't allow two of them to be in the same place and time. Unless they're in a black hole.
Love the Kerbals in the back ground :P
That game is so frustrating but helps you click onto mechanics so well
thank you for that small 3 second blip of Steve Reich's Music for 18 seconds at 5:58