“ TERRADYNAMICS ” EARTH PENETRATION BY PROJECTILES 1967 SANDIA LABORATORY RESEARCH FILM 68464
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This 1967 Film produced by Sandia Laboratory Motion Picture Division was directed by Edward Reilly and edited and filmed by Wayne Hancock. It shows the progress that has been made by Sandia Laboratories over the years on how projectiles move through different soil characteristics. It shows several field penetration tests, how these were prepared in the lab, and the mathematics that is behind their predictive models. Sandia National Laboratories (SNL), also known as Sandia,is one of three research and development laboratories of the United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA). Headquartered in Kirtland Air Force Base in Albuquerque, New Mexico, Sandia was established in 1949, SNL is a "multimission laboratory" with the primary goal of advancing U.S. national security by developing various science-based technologies. In 1960, Sandia began studying projectiles moving through Earth - a field it dubbed terradynamics - in pursuit of weapon designs that could successfully pass through different soil environments and operate underground.
0:08 the narrator takes a book from a shelf and begins speaking to the camera, 0:35 US Air Force F-100D Super Sabre inflight and dropping a projectile, 1:03 “Terradynamics” by Sandia Laboratory, 1:16 narrator continues speaking to camera, 1:55 narrator showing different types of materials on the earth’s surface, 2:24 slow motion footage of penetration vehicles being dropped into different materials, 3:02 narrator stands next to the penetration vehicles and shows the different parts, 4:23 slow motion footage of the projectile hitting the ground, 4:46 an F-104 Starfighter dropping a projectile, 5:13 narrator standing next to a recovered vehicle, 5:25 animation showing the deceleration characteristics of the projectile as it enters the earth, 7:02 animation of deceleration by soil composition, 7:12 scientists in a lab preparing sand, 7:34 footage of early slow motion penetration tests, 7:51 narrator speaks to the camera, 8:28 needle bearing rollers stacked in a tank, 9:44 scientist mounts a penetrator and begins preparing equipment for the test, 10:48 test begins, 10:56 scientists looking at the photographs from the test, 11:08 sequence of the photos taken, 12:17 photograph with the shear front of the projectile overlaid, 13:15 man speaks to the camera, 14:07 equation that predicts penetration depths followed by a nomogram, 14:54 sample characteristics of a test being shown on the nomogram, 15:27 aerial overview of the Tonopah Test Range in Nevada, 15:36 a US Air Force Bell UH-1 dropping the projectile, 16:01 scientist marking the tension cracks at the impact site, 16:35 drill being used to recover the vehicle, 17:20 close up of the soil point where the vehicle used to be, 18:01 a scientist cutting up the soil point for analysis, 18:15 scientist using an x-ray machine to look at the soil point cross section, 18:38 scientists using an ISO densitometer to measure soil sample density variations, 19:02 narrator speaks to the camera, 19:24 scientists constructing a projectile, 19:45 animation of a plane dropping vehicles on varied soil, 20:16 narrator speaking to camera, 20:58 Produced by Sandia Laboratory Motion Picture Division, 21:03 Director and Writer Edward Reilly, Editor and Cameraman Wayne Hancock
Terradynamics is the study of forces and movement during terrestrial locomotion (particularly that using legs) on ground that can flow such as sand and soil. The term "terradynamics" is used in analogy to aerodynamics for flying in the air and hydrodynamics for swimming in water.
This film is part of the Periscope Film LLC archive, one of the largest historic military, transportation, and aviation stock footage collections in the USA. Entirely film backed, this material is available for licensing in 24p HD, 2k and 4k. For more information visit www.PeriscopeFi...
Sandia is bonkers..stacking all those precision ground rollers...nuts!
..and randomising them too!
They know how to party...to this day!
Sandia..You are my mad scientist heroes forever!
It's in the name... SANDia hehe
@@stromloit’s not sand.
Had no idea that I was engaging in the study of femadynamics on a once a week basis...learn something new every day.
Small, medium or large penetrator?
Need more fiber no?😂
🤣 Well played sir! Keep studying, go deeeeep!
@@DavidSmith-bh7fd ok
This film will be a smash hit…
😅
Just think about what is being thought up these days. And now they don't make films about it. Its kept as quiet as possible. Thanks Periscope. It's absolutely wild that we get to view films such as this one. Im sorry. I dont have any penetration jokes.
U cant come up w a single joke w the number of times they said penetration? I dunno what to say about that. I mean this video is a giant target that would get uncontrollable giggles from any class of 13 year Olds.
@@TrapperAaron maybe that's the problem. I am 1970s vintage. 😂😂😂
Periscope is a joke...
Oh, they make films and art.
This reminds me so much of the testing Grady @PracticalEngineering did regarding soil compression in various videos. Awesome stuff!
Was this known from driving pylons and caissons
No Graboids were harmed in the making of this picture.
Graboids aren't real.
@@joshuagibson2520their feelings are real
Fortunately, no graboid feelings were harmed in this production.
@@tomarmadiyer2698 lol!
a reference I get. god I am old.
@@joshuagibson2520 wow I’m such a douche bag too I also came to say that.
Penetration phenomena. That’s what we call it in our house nowadays
The question is: who is "we"?
U must have gotten married. Congratulations, I suppose. Penetration definitely turns into a phenomenon rather than a regular event after marriage.
Its how scientists talk.
Visiting the palace, (I used to call it?), the palace of love....
Learning how to solve penetration problems through science. I had no idea this was even a thing
I’m at a loss for words, there is research on everything in life. You remind me of the kids who said they’ll never use math, you use it every moment of your life.
Just the information I needed for my orbital bombardment system.
The first test is done, get the roller bearing stacker back in here...
My god could u imagine stacking all thoes roller bearing needles? I get pissed when a dozen or so drop out of a u joint cap. I would have just walked out after 1st test.
Also the bearing stacker has a name. I think it's called Robert. Or maybe John depending on who's got PTO.
@@TrapperAaronwhat are you even saying?
New favorite motion picture
I am smarter because of periscope films.
Thank you for the video.
Fascinating subject matter.
Your preservation of both film and scientific processes in general is much appreciated.
Peaceful Skies.
I always found, penetration into a new substance, to progress better with a proper covering. This allowed the side walls to part and depth to be fully achieved with an end result to my liken. Kaboom! Withdrawing brought total examination of results. Great film and science test.
Thanks
Thanks for this gift we really appreciate it!
Great video. Neat to see how they actually come up with the test.
"just the tip" wasn't an option in these penetration tests.
Check's in the mail
Just the tip and only for a second is always an option. Ask any catholic girl.
These fellas had a hoot making this?..(old-mate, can barely keep a straight face?).
In Sydney, that's called "getting off at redfern", (as in,..not going to the next stop. Central station.., which would be going "all the way")..😂
So, in Layman's terms: Analogous to aero- and hydrodynamics, creating the field of terradynamics is an interdisciplinary undertaking at the interface of biology, robotics, and physics.
Definitely.
Some poor guy had to stack that wall of needle bearings.
Nah, they got the receptionist to do it.
Holy crap how did the plane in the first 2 minutes of the video manage to pull up in time and not eat it?
I expected the projectile to fall a while more. That maneuver must have taken place no higher than 1000 ft above the ground. Holy crap
I suspect that the pilot was meant to release it much higher, but the attraction between the Earth and his massive balls prevented him from pulling out any sooner.
@@mikelastname😂
Stand by, a thousand dad jokes to follow....
Great video!
“Balls deep” was not a measurement standard in those days.
I should have listened - the first two minutes he tells us it’s not possible with current tech..... Yowza, like a really dry investment pitch movie from an engineering firm. Fascinating that this exists though, thank you for saving it!
Our 4fps "high speed camera" hahaha wild
I was disappointed that he didn’t say if the pointy front end penetrated better.
This video is _not_ for the immature minded... I'm going to excuse myself.
4fps, and now youtubers all over have slow mo cameras doing tens of thousands of frames per second.
They had frame rates that fast back then too.
Like, one or two rigs at least, globally...
@@tomarmadiyer2698they couldn't afford one, they had spent all of the budget on precision ground needle bearings.
Yea that’s what you call prooooogrreeeeessssssiooonn.
I assume this study was done to determine the best way to destroy underground bunkers.
And that's how we got bunker busters!
They forgot to talk about the Oscillation Overthruster. I wonder if the telemetry picked up any Red Lectroids in there.
Just ask John Big-booty.... That's Boo-teh...Boo-teh
Damn, now I wanna watch that movie !!!
Not much of a plot: Boy has rod. Boy shoves rod into hole. Boy removes rod and measures it. Boy happy. Tells others.
Let's not ignore the fact that he also gives us the proper length to diameter rod ratio of 10:1.
He only mentions civil uses for this information...but it also bears directly on the penetrator bombs we have today. No dictator is safe in his bunker now because some guy spent hours of his life stacking roller bearings in the 60's. 😁
😳 whoa
Bill & Ted went to Sandia High. Literally and figuratively I believe.
They went to Sandimas high. But the strangest things happen outside the Circle K!
Excellent!
@@TrapperAaron you're right! It was San Dimas. It's been a lot of years. I think I was 10 when the movie came out.
Sandia is 🍉
Great old news movie. Everything is in feet and inches! Ah,the good times it was.
I spent six years getting a doctorate in physics and now they want me to stack needle bearings all day? *I don't think so*
That’s what undergrads and interns did. your Dr. before your name let you have a clipboard and watch it take place… although they left all the counting after the test to you big brains… that’s when the lower guys where pushed out of the way so they couldn’t sell the data to the Communist’s. They did get to smoke indoors while going to get a fresh pot of coffee for the big brains. And the big brains got all that money, telling the young kids that it’s just an advanced bit of training you need before you graduate and we give you a couple hours of course credit. I’m only a few hours off my associates degree but I’ve been listed by the VA as 100 % complete and total, “UNEMPLOYABLE”, and medically Retired. I have absolutely zero need for that degree anymore. And 10 years ago when I go out I knew I would be giving my GI bill to a child, either mine or if didn’t happen than the first person we adopt… wasn’t until my son was born 10 years later. The person who said that I could pass it at the time a baby has come into our lives.. Nah, I had to do that at the time I should have told that it had to be someone already living. When I asked I had other GOOD people I could’ve given it to. Heck, my wife could used hers to get her bachelors and then used mine to get as far as she could into her masters or provide it to one of my sisters to maybe get started in her dream school and do walk on tryouts to get on the teams she loved. She got a few local schools in a very small district so she had very very little scouting done on her athletics. Her grades were fire so if she had a good night on the mound or court when maybe a highlevel recruit was there it could have led to something. I also know a degree isn’t needed to great things and be successful. I think at 10 I will start getting to know some of the easy entry great pay jobs that pay good that nobody wants. At 15 we will look at the top 5 opening salary’s that requires a degree and other ways to do training for a high paying job by other means instead of a university. Hopefully after doing talks like these help him choose the life he wants to live and what it takes to get there. I tried to use my GI bill for classes that I have interest in but they don’t except it! The school had a gunsmith course but said I could use it for that. I was willing to go sit in a seat and do this… I hate how screwed we are now, we banked on him having enough aide to get associates and maybe then qualify for other programs to cover whatever else he needs.
Not as interesting as I had hoped, but still worth a few minutes.
While penetrating all soils and some rock is admirable, abstinence is safer
yeah this wasn't for war or anything
just like we created fission to make electricity not bombs
lol
thanks for another great video!
Technically we created reactors to produce the isotopes needed for nuclear weapons. The practical upshot of which is free power!
@TrapperAaron 👍
@@TrapperAaronNothing "free" at all about it... in fact the most expensive way to generate power.
This was used to create bunker busters. They make it sound innocent, but we know what all this was for.
rods from Gods
Yup that was my first thought too.
What would have made that " penetrator " more efficient is concave grooves along the entire length of the tube. It is a DUH thing really. :O)
As mentioned in the film, because of the lateral force pushing the matrial away from the trajectory of the penetrator, only the penetrators nose make contact with the soil most of its way down. With concave grooves, if you dont increase the overall size, you loose mass, which is way more important than friction.
And as mentioned in the titel of this film, its about studying Terradynamics, not efficiency
DUH ;)
Sadly they use GPR or GSI to understand soil profiles now and they don't get to drop projectiles out of aircraft anymore - other than on bunkers.
Money well spent.
Scientific lawn darts.
Awwww, what cute science boys, playing around in the dirt
2:40 "...Stiff Moist..." lol
The Narrator said "PENETRATION" How many times I ask you ? Now go watch it again and count to 69 XD
Newer super strong concrete can resist that type of impact. The Iranians (and you can bet a lot of other enemy countries) are using it to construct underground bunkers safe from traditional 'Bunker buster' bombs. They are looking at rocket boosted bombs to defeat it but it is doubtful if that will work.
Funny that you said it is doubtful rocket boosted bombs wouldn't work, because i am highly certain it already works _very well_ , and _has_ been tested with great results, not combat tested sure, but it has certainly been tested physically :3
Now I understand why I had 4 children.
I know there's a good " that's what she said" joke here but 8 got nothing. Very good presentation though. Cheers
Mother Earth was penetrated multiple times during this research
Any kite-maker would tell you, the tail needs be 7x the vehicle?...
4:37 giggity
5:08 lmao
Terradynamics,,,, sounds like a Jerry Anderson supermarionete series from the 1960/70s,,, lol
👍
is it just me or does the Host lok like he’s got a crater in his frontal lobe?
Penetration ! That's what it's all about ! Modern technology, what will man think of next ? 😂
Hope this was top secret, so as not to turn off anyone thinking of science as a career. The tedium is real
The precursor to the Rods of God ✝️🇺🇸🙂🙂🙂🙂🙂
I'm an adult
I'm an adult
I'm an adult 😂😂😂😂
Couple of kilotons in something like that no problem.
And now we just use sonar and computers to survey deep underground? haha
Can someone provide a timestamp for the 'your mom' section? Thank you
8:30, oh yeah, you want the penetration event, to be meaningful?....(did i stumble into a health science class here?). Hang on,...we are about to reach escape velocity...see you later?...
Rather disingenuous to pretend that this was some sort of pure research and to fail to mention that this was all about delivering nuclear warheads to the underground facilities of an enemy. I would like to see the top-secret follow-up film "Maintaining functionality of nuclear munitions in very high-G deceleration environments"
The whole "science thing" seems to have gotten away from you. Keep trying... you may yet catch on.
Peaceful Skies.
Your tax dollars at ...work?
What a pile of word salad to justify flawed science. "Lets drop a 'Vehicle' then make it look like a 'Study' of a 'Special Projectile" regurgitate a few words then hang on the coattails of the Corps of Engineers." great how much Government money can we burn. They should have slipped a few buck to a 'Well driller' he will tell you what they thought they should know.
What a profoundly useless endeavor! Probably cost the taxpayer plenty!
Better than gender studies 😂
Graboiddynamics