I promised every time I stop by and watch this video even half. I will live in notation so here I am again I hope you realize I have attention. Deficit disorder is hard for me to focus so I need to review videos many times, and by the virtue of doing, so, I practically learned by hard, the content of what the professor is saying, so in the past five years, I learned all the lectures by rubber Sapolsky on TH-cam, about behavioral genetics I can basically rec those lectures by heart. I also remembered to punish the Hindu principal book shards shards shards. #Upanishads #Bogoslowsky ♾️❤️🤴
The quote about how "now" is analogous to "here" finally made relativity understandable for me. I also find it much more comforting than the religious idea of heaven since it is a theory that is a demonstrable possibility. I've had so much grief as I've had to deal with the death of close friends and family. It's a comfort to imagine that from some other perspective, in another "here and now" they are still part of my universe.
Thanks, that's great feedback to hear which analogies help tie together an understanding or trigger an epiphany. I'm also glad that it provided some comfort. Have you seen our episode on the afterlife?
@@AlwaysAsking Great news! I’m 100% serious about financial support. When you upload just point the way - Patreon, PayPal, whatever. I’ve watched all of your uploads and it really is superior, imo, to a lot of huge high budget channels. Truly fantastic educational content.
I've read tons of stuff trying to grasp the concept of spacetime and get an idea about the theory of relativity. I haven't studied physics, I am a medical doctor and I am only familiar with the basics in this field. Your video (and the texts in your site) is the best material I've read so far. Explaining these concepts so clearly and effortlessly and in such a natural order, is a rare talent. Having the knowledge isn't enough to make these things understandable to the non specialist reader. I consider your work invaluable for anyone wanting to expand their knowledge. Thank you!
💯👍 another top narrator and simplificationanator is scienceclic. Try his channel, it has some great content of expansions on long standing ideas/theories that even experts are impressed by.
If you continue making content like this you will definitely grow. Aside from those who genuinely enjoy this content many others like these "long" interesting videos at night to unwind and fall asleep with. It takes a lot of work to put something like this together so thank you for your effort and even though you deserve compensation I greatly appreciate the lack of ads.
@@michaelsears6054 I have been asking and researching these questions for the past 14 years but now finally have the time to share what I've found while researching these topics and questions.
This is the best explanation of time and space or spacetime, out of the hundreds I've seen. Only halfway through though, I have to pause it, take it all in. Many Thanks.
You deserve more subscribers.I just stumbled upon you channel. Really appreciate how you try to reply to a comment with great knowledge. You yourself seems to be a passionate and knowledgeable person. Keep it up buddy. Love from India.
As a child, I had some of the same questions Einstein was able to ask and actually answer, but I had zero idea of how to describe and prove what I was thinking. I love this stuff, and to some extent understand this.
This is truly amazing how much we have learned about the universe in the past 80 years I may be 100 years. It might sound bizarre but my grandfather who was born in 1906 in a small village on the bank of a river Volga in Russia didn’t believe earth is a globe, he always insisted earth is flat because he never went further away than 30 miles from his village. She never went to the doctor either.
Will listen again and again. Until it sinks in. I know I will understand in the end. The end which is already out there, somewhere/when. Thanks for a superb presentation.
An EXCELLENT presentation on the subject. Very well done and one of the best on TH-cam. Your script, narration, graphics and music make this one of the most informative and enjoyable videos on the complex subject of Special Relativity. I'll recommend this video to everyone! Saved and Subscribed. Thank you.
Love Time. Its one of the most complicated subjects to get your head around simply because and Im not sure if im wrong or not it doesn't exist. It only exists because we need it as a measure tool rather than a clock so to speak. The more in depth it goes, the more you realise that sitting on a chair and remaining perfectly still is the biggest misnomer of many people. We aren't sitting still. The Earth moves, the galaxy moves. The earth will never be in the same place every again. Yeah, it rotates around the sun and every new years we celebrate for having done a full rotation, but the position we end up in is millions of kilometers from the same time as the previous year, so time for us is 1 year, but time to the universe is irrelevant. We rely on it so heavily, but where did it begin? We look back in time every time we look at the stars or the moon or even the sun. Light takes so long to get here that by the time we see it, the star that created it has probably been gone for millions of years. The Big bang happened an estimated 13.8 billion years ago and yet the question is, is that when time started or did it start just before or had it been going before then? Like I say, its an extremely complicated subject and probably more interesting than any other.. Brilliant video!
Heraclitus said, "change is the only constant". Parmenides said "change is an illusion". Each might be correct in their own way. I think the difference originates from whether one considers the question from a subjective or objective viewpoint. I'm glad you enjoyed the video. Thanks for watching it!
@@NameRequiredSoHere You just might, if you are unfortunate to smash into a wall of antimatter (an equivalent of a head-on collision with matter travelling in the other direction through time). Though I'm not sure a seat-belt would help much with that!
Most ridiculous part about this universe is-“cause and effect” I can’t get used to it for over 50 years. Take for example, if I shampoo my hair twice, my hair stays clean longer. Or as soon as I clean my gutters it will start pouring storming. I can bring endless examples about how future can be changed by actions in the present. Since I have nothing to do since early childhood, I keep myself busy painting, drawing I paid for my children’s college. I don’t need anything else.
Time is a human form of measurement. To give us perspective, understanding and a point of reference. Like languages/numbers/maths/sciences etc etc. We create time as we move through space and we form our own relative realities. Inventing/creating forms of measurement/data as we do,to explain and give meaning to our existence and purpose. Its why we are all such a mystery and unique, always pushing further and further and we never stop searching till we explain it all. If only we used our allocated "time" for each others benefit and enhanced all humans equally.🙏peace&love
Very well said. Have you seen our video on the meaning of life? It comes to a similar conclusion to the one you express about how to best use our time here: th-cam.com/video/qIfZxCNIA5Q/w-d-xo.html
Thank you very much . That was brilliant ,can't wait to watch again. Funny to think I am watching it in the past and the future as I type this. It's all relative.
@@AlwaysAsking You are amazingly talented and I'm subscribing to you. I'm also going to recommend you to my friends. You should do this professionally. Thank you for making these videos!
Sigh. It will most likely never cease to amaze me as to how any one field of study, and it's "go to" tool sets, become so emboldened as to extrapolate so far and wide from the glimpses our species has evolved to now perceive. I suggest a healthy dose of respect and an abundance of humility be employed to guide our scientific quest.
Our glimpses are dim and faint, and reality is huge and complex. Perhaps bold extrapolations are required if we are to make any sense of it. I think what's important for one's scientific quest is to remember never to confuse our extrapolations for reality itself.
I promised every time I stop by and watch this video even half. I will live in notation so here I am again I hope you realize I have attention. Deficit disorder is hard for me to focus so I need to review videos many times, and by the virtue of doing, so, I practically learned by hard, the content of what the professor is saying, so in the past five years, I learned all the lectures by rubber Sapolsky on TH-cam, about behavioral genetics I can basically rec those lectures by heart. I also remembered to punish the Hindu principal book shards shards shards. #Upanishads #Bogoslowsky ♾️❤️🤴
When I was 12 years old I saw Madonna doing a show (on our old black and white tv) the only thing is she was 30 years old, and yet she was born 1 month before me..How do you think that was possible ?..
@@AlwaysAsking Many good wishes to you. You have all the makings to be a great channel. I love it. I will make sure to like and comment bon each of your uploads and do my little part. You totally deserve it.
Wow !! That was,is,and will be an amazing video !!! Still trying to comprehend the implications that this mysterious "force" called time brings to the existence of existence. I will have to watch this "again" (again=past, present and future all at the same moment in time) to see if I can make any sense of it at all. Great video !!!
Einstein had an amazing way of conceptualizing things, starting from basic questions. According to him, all his ideas on relativity developed from considering the question of what it would be like to ride on a beam of light.
I enjoyed this for the same reason @doesnotgiveaf gave - to unwind and nod off. My only feedback, and it’s not negative, is that I wake up singing, “you never give me you money…” or “boy, you’re gonna carry that weight…”, because the piano part at the start, and possibly in other places, is close. They were a thing those four guys.
Time is the freedom to have or to arrange an order of events. Order if left to itself will ultimately be consumed by entropy the default state , and with the loss of order, time stands still. Time as an ever-increasing calendrical series cannot continue. Space is also mentioned here, as the freedom of celestial or any physical object to move about without collision or external hindrance. Space so understood is also ultimately consumed by gravity as objects collapse on each other at the CoG of the universe. In this state there is zero space due to overcrowding and extreme gravitational attraction. So zero time and space ultimately if things are left to themselves.
Time is a concept that has been misunderstood ever since Einstein's former professor came up with the term 'spacetime'. Since then, everyone has been believing in Voodoo Time - time as a mystical physical medium that you can physically move through (hence the erroneous notion of backwards time travel). Wherever you hear 'time' in this video, remove it and correctly insert CHANGE, which is the actual phenomenon of interest, and the voodoo disappears (as well as the Grandfather Paradox, which should have been a red flag that your thinking was wrong), and your backwards travel engineering efforts are correctly refocused on 'change' (from Voodoo time to the reality of change). What is time? Nothing mysterious, it is a tool that we invented to quantify one dimension of change (space being another tool for another dimension of,change, with its invented spatial units, heat being another, then entrophy, etc. etc.). If you want to go backwards in time, just run your clock backward. It will not affect any other aspect of change.
Not one person perceives any situation the same. You remember things from your childhood that only occured the way you remembered them because it was your perception and mindset at that time experiencing them. I think time is similar. I try my hardest to be completely self sufficient but time has always felt like a burden to me. Like having set ages you should be at a certain place usual ends people up somewhere they don't want to be and a national average age for when people usually die probably leads to stress that speeds the process up. I like to just think I'm alive and that's enough and I just work everyday to get to the point I can be out of any set framework that's not mine 😂
That's a great goal Mike. I think most people strive to reach that point. I think you will enjoy the next video which should be out soon: "What is the meaning of life?" Look for it to be out by the end of this month.
Stumbled upon your channel when searching for some good math documentaries. Will subscribe it, and really like this particular video. Great job... From India 🇳🇪👍👍
At around 35 minutes where you talking about the clocks desynchronising, is there an explanation as to why the clocks are desynchronised because of their velocity when they're both moving at same speed?
I've seen this presented many different ways. There is a perception of desynchronization do you the fact that a person is either moving within the information stream either towards the clock or away from the clock. With the second method, a master clock placed in the middle, there is an actual desynchronization between the clocks do the fact that the signal from the master clock has a greater distance to travel for the clock in the front than the one in the rear.
Tony's explanation is good. Imagine a clock in the front and rear of a rocket, kept in sync by a light pulse emitted every second from a master clock in the center of the ship. When the ship begins to accelerate, the light (as seen from a stationary observer) will run into the rear of the ship faster than it takes to get to the front, so the rear clock starts running fast compared to the one in the front, but only by a constant amount of time once the maximum speed is reached. When it comes to a halt both clocks will appear to be in sync from the point of view of the stationary observer.
My Thoery is that there is no Spacetime. But it is actually Space-gas And Time-liquid . Space and Time are Conceptually more like a state. So maybe, Time is actually two Space-gases in a dynamic. Spatial and Vacuum possibly. Time interacts like a "Liquid state". So possibly Time comes about in the same manner as "water". So you have Static space "boson" that starts the first "building block" Then you add Spatial "gas" and Vacuum "gas" Thats 3 space "dimensional particles" and when they compound "Time" can be produced. And actual scientist plse comment and share your opinion, i may be way way off lol. But i am at least pionted Conceptually in the right direction
Hi Aaron, that's an interesting idea, and actually not entirely off from what some cutting-edge theorists are now considering with the idea of the "holographic principle." This is the idea that all the goings-on in a spatial volume can equivalently be viewed as interactions on a flat surface area. So while we perceive ourselves in a vast universe, there's an equivalent mathematical description where everything is happening on the "outer surface" of the universe. So you might be on to something with there being no spacetime!
Special relativity is as elegant as it is amazing. Just think of it, a photon does not experience time nor distance. From when it is emitted to it's absorption is one and same thing. It does not travel anywhere . However, all things being relative ......
Is it really proven that we live in a block universe and that the past, present and future is happening at the same time? I am always thinking about this because it is really mind-blowing to know that our future is already decided...
Hi Sage, I think "proven" may be too strong a word, but it is, I would say, "highly-suggested" assuming relativity is a correct description of our universe. This paper goes into more details of why relativity implies a block universe: philsci-archive.pitt.edu/2408/1/Petkov-BlockUniverse.pdf As far as "the future" being decided, this also might not be the most accurate way of describing it, for if there are many universes (e.g. if eternal inflation, or the many-worlds of quantum mechanics is right) then we can live in a block universe and yet not have a single definite future. This would be because in some sense, all possible futures exist and are real. So even if the future in each universe is determined, we can't say which future ours will be because we don't know which one we are in (or will end up in). I plan to have a future video that goes into detail about many-universe theories.
@@AlwaysAsking Thank you for your reply... Einstein said that "Time is but a stubborn illusion" so block universe is highly possible... I will be interested in watching your video in many worlds theory and knowing the true nature of time and reality...
@@acpeji Thanks. I hope to get to it before the end of the year. I'm working on another big topic at the moment: "What is consciousness?" That will be the next episode.
@@AlwaysAsking Yes consciousness... I also wanna know where did our consciousness came from and some people said that consciousness can't be destroyed even if the person dies...
I have watched this part 50 times and still confused. When Pam uses 80% of speed to travel through space, why does she only use 60% of speed to travel through time? It’s making me go nuts. Yes time dilation and length contraction. Someone give a satisfying answer.
Hi John Terry. Great question! Pause the video at 30:33 with the diagram of the pencils. Note that both pencils are the same length. Exactly 10 units in the grid long. Now imagine the pencils are each 10 miles long. If you ran the length of the top pencil at 10 mph it would take an hour to cross from the erasers to the point, going in a completely easterly direction. But now consider what happens if you follow the pencil on the bottom which is pointing south east. Assume you go at the exact same 10 mph. It still takes 1 hour to cross. But now you are travelling both south and east. At the end of the trip you have travelled 8 miles east and 6 miles south, even though you only ran a distance of 10 miles and only ran at 10 mph. The reason is when travelling in this south easterly direction 80% of your speed is directed east, you are travelling easterly at 8 mph, while 60% is directed south, you travel southerly at 6 mph. Intuition might say this is impossible, but it happens anytime you travel at non-right angles. The sub components of your velocities in each direction will add up to more than your total speed. That this is so should be clear from looking at the pencil. It's 10 units long, but if you count the squares you will notice it is 8 units across and 6 units tall. This adds to 14, which is longer than the length of the pencil. ✏️ I hope this clarifies things. Please let me know if it is still unclear or if you have any other questions. 🙂
@@johnterry6541 East is the time direction for an at rest observer. South is the space dimension for the at rest observer. The south east direction is the path taken by a rocket accelerated to 60% the speed of light. By the end of the trip, this rocket has only made it 80% the distance through time. While the at rest observer that went through time only and experienced 10 years, this rocket only experienced 8 years. Note you can use any numbers here so long as when you square them they sum to 1. Here 0.80 and 0.60 work because 0.80^2 + 0.60^2 = 0.64 + 0.36 = 1. This rule derives from Pythagoras. It's the Pythagorean rule for right triangles, which involve right-angles, which is always the case for different dimensions. Dimensions are always at right angles to each other.
@@johnterry6541 There is another explanation. First, imagine time is not a dimension but is in fact a concept, not more than a concept. Imagine also that this concept evolved as a shortcut way for us to think about the vast complexity involved in the relative movements of everything. Now the twin returned from relativistic space trip needs another explanation for looking younger than the homebody twin. Here it is, a little terse... Every object has a reservoir of movement in it. When an object is accelerated in one direction the reservoir's available movement is depleted, meaning, there is less available for particles to wander in the infinite number of other directions. Thus all the particles in the space traveler move less in those directions. The result is that the twin changes less than the other. The "reservoir of movement" is of course jolly nonsense. But think about how hard it is to move about when you're in a high speed centrifuge. Now imagine accelerating in a linear direction to be approximately equivalent. (In my yout I had the centrifuge experience. A group of us walked in and stood with our backs against the curving wood plank wall of the cylindrical room. It started to spin and when it reached a particular rpm the floor fell away and we all stayed in place, pressed against the wall. I tried to move my arms about and found it very difficult. (Note: inside the room there were no visible clues to indicate it was rotating so all being stuck to the wall appeared a wee bit stranger)). p.s. I think acceleration is what causes the effect and not the fact of moving quickly. Moving quickly does not affect the space traveler's floating weightless. It's very interesting that the experience of acceleration and the experience of gravity are identical yet the causes are radically different. Or are they? This recent noise about quantum entanglement hints that our mental model and actuality may be significantly different. Cheers!
From the photon's perspective, the entire history of the universe is over in an instant. This seems like a very strange view, but there is an analogy. For the photon time and space are flipped compared to our point of view. So just as the photon can see "all of time at once" as it travels through space, we can see "all of space" at once as we travel through time.
@@collie8 Photons do feel gravity as they follow the "Geodesic" the shortest path through space as defined by the gravitational field. ( en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geodesic ). Photons can also interact with any particle that interacts with the electromagnetic field (quarks and electrons) which comprise most of the matter we're familiar with. Any photon that is born came from some particle of matter and any time a photon dies (gets absorbed) it is from some interaction with a particle of matter.
0:31 hello Jason this is Andrey Bogoslowsky, your favorite Russian artist. I have managed to open a new page on TH-cam so I can leave my personal comments without a help from my friend. I’m looking forward to write an article about the relationship of human destiny and destiny of the universe.😅❤
Thoth further beseeches the children of Khem to turn away from the darkness to the light. He speaks of the great Void from which all existence was created with the power of thought. When he asks the Dweller whether this thought was eternal, he is told that the Law of Time came into being so that eternal thought could exist. "Time does not move, rather we move through time. Time does not change, rather we change in time. Time separates events and gives them coherence. And even though in time ye are separate, yet still are One in all times existent. -Thoth
35:25 the clock at the rear of the accelerating rocket will run slower than the front clock - not faster. The rear of the rocket is equivalent to being in a higher gravitational field than the front of the rocket. Thus the clock in the rear will run slower than the clock in the front which is equivalent to being in a lower gravitational field. However you didn't say "accelerating" - you said "moving". If the rocket is moving at a constant velocity both clocks will be in sync as the equivalent gravitational field on both ends will be equal. Other than that great video.
Hi Tony, thanks for your comments. In this case the clocks appear synchronized from the perspective of observers at rest relative to the rocket. But to an observer who sees the rocket flying to the right will see the time of the clock running behind the one at the front. To visualize this, consider the case where the clocks are synchronized by a light pulse that emanates from the exact center of the rocket. If the rocket appears in motion to an observer, they will see the light pulse hit the clock in the tail before it hits the rocket in the nose. This causes the rocket in the tail to seem to run behind the rocket in the nose. I hope this clarifies the point of this diagram (it was not meant to consider gravitational fields or acceleration).
@@AlwaysAsking umm you're repeating the exact point I made - "But to an observer who sees the rocket flying to the right will see the time of the clock running behind the one at the front". How is that different from what I actually pointed out? Which was... "the clock at the rear of the accelerating rocket will run slower than the front clock - not faster. The rear of the rocket is equivalent to being in a higher gravitational field than the front of the rocket. Thus the clock in the rear will run slower than the clock in the front which is equivalent to being in a lower gravitational field". And this wouldn't just appear to those outside of the rocket. Those in the rocket will notice the rear clock is ticking slower that the rear clock. Because as I stated the rear of the rocket is moving (if it's accelerating) faster than the front of the rocket. Thus due to the Equivalence principle. The rear of the rocket will appear to be experiencing a higher gravitational field (due to the acceleration) than the front of the rocket. For those observers at rest relative to the rocket. As the rocket approaches them they will see any light signals from the clock at the front of the rocket arrive before they see signals from the clock from the rear because as the front to will be closest to those observers. If the rocket is directly in front of those observers they will see the signals from both clocks arrive simultaneously. If the rocket is passing those observers will see the signal from the rear clock arrive before the signal from the front clock.
@@aneikei Hi Tony. My apppologies. In my previous comment when I said the clock in the rear runs behind the one in the front I misspoke. I meant to say the clock in the rear of the rocket runs ahead of the clock in the front. In this situation both clocks tick at the same rate. Neither runs slower than the other, but the clock in the front will appear to have a time that is behind (by a fixed amount) the clock in the rear of the rocket. This situation assumes no gravitational fields or acceleration. The rocket is in empty space and moving at a constant velocity. Observers take into account the speed of light when they estimate the times reported by the clocks, and this effect still manifests. It's a consequence of the relative motion coupled with the fact that all observers measure the speed of light to be the same. Therefore because the rocket is moving from the perspective of some observers, they see the synchronizing signal take longer to reach the clock at the front than the clock in the rear. So the clock in the rear will "tick" some fixed amount of time ahead of the clock in the front. I apologize for any confusion I created with my previous comment.
The Hafele-Keating experiment proved that there was no time-dilation occurring. Why does everyone keep promoting it as otherwise. Is it because time-dilation is the cornerstone of special relativity, and acknowledging that it doesn't exist would invalidate most of their theories?
@AlwaysAsking I suggest you look up the engineering aspects of atomic clocks. The atom is chilled to absolute zero temperatures to keep it from accelerating in time (radio active decay from an applied force) the atom is then accelerated to a certain change state rate that corresponds with the Earth's rotational speed for the clock's given radius from the center of the Earth. In other words, atomic clocks merely measure the Earth's motion through space. No other inference can be assumed. What HK proved was that you could use identical clock's to measure relative motion in space. That pretty much negates special relativity as one frame can claim to be the preferred frame - the one going faster in space will have a lower clock cycle count. What everyone fails to understand is the difference between inorganic and organic matter. Plants are accelerated in time by sunlight. Traveling faster in space doesn't necessarily change how much energy from the sun they receive. Animals then eat the plants and use that energy to accelerate their bodies in space and in time. The calories that are not consumed by the muscles in producing locomotion go into the production of mass. A low protein diet will delay child puberty whereas a high protein diet will accelerate it. The amount of energy that one consumes doesn't change simply because you are traveling faster in space. If anything, it increases as the body seeks balance. This is easily verifies by looking at NASA's astronaut data. Astronauts experience an accelerated heart rate during lift-off and it returns to normal in the low gravity environment. In none of these time-dilation experiments was it noted that clocks in motion used less energy. They.used the same amount of energy and thus experienced the same amount of time. One just experienced a greater distance in that time frame, aka, experienced more space. Mechanical clocks measure motion in space. Biological clocks measure motion in time.
@@stewiesaidthat Thank you for those details and explanation. I was wondering though, how can we account for the unnaturally longer half-life times of unstable particles, when they are accelerated to near the speed of light. In this case, the particles are not in a lower energy state, and yet they appear as if they experience time more slowly (surviving as much as 20 times longer than they ought to in some experiments).
@AlwaysAsking I would surmise that they are picking up residual energy from the force that is accelerating them in space and balancing out the natural decay process. If you look into the Breakthrough Starshot experiment, the solar sail is starting to disintegrate after it reaches .2c. Not all of the energy that accelerates it in space is being reflected back. It absorbs a portion of it, causing the atoms that make up the sail to accelerate. Eventually, the mass of the sail will be converted back into pure energy via the radiant heat transfer to the coldness of space. If particles can absorb energy and convert it to mass via acceleration in space, why us the solar sail disintegrating? Biological (organic life) can absorb that energy and convert it to matter, but I have yet to see where inorganic matter can to the same thing. Applyna force to frozen water - heat - and the water molecules become accelerated and lose mass - radiant heat. Pressurization will increase the boiling point of water as that radiant energy has nowhere to escape to. It could be the same effect as your near light speed particles lasting longer than expected.
I find it difficult to hear the speaker mixed with music mixed at the same time. If you would please suppress or lower the loudness in future videos, I will be most grateful, thanks
Hi Caesare, thank you for this feedback! I will attempt to strike a proper volume balance in the future. Also, if you find the soundtrack too distracting, note that the podcast episodes, ( podcast.alwaysasking.com/ ) do not use any music.
@@AlwaysAsking most grateful for your understanding and specially for the reference to the podcasts without the music that will be wonderful to listen to, thanks again.
Hi Steve, you are right. That used to be a popular way of describing why things can't accelerate to the speed of light, but that way of explaining it has fallen out of favor for a number of reasons. See en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_in_special_relativity#Popular_science_and_textbooks for some of the reasons.
It sure is. And if we ever upload our minds into computers whose electric signals propagate a million times faster than our nerve signals, then we could think a million times faster, and light will seem to move a million times slower. Then sending emails across the planet at light speed will seem to travel at the speed of an airliner. It will feel like it takes hours to pull up any website if the server is far away, or to get a text message back from someone across the country. Let us enjoy thinking slowly for now. ☺️
"What is time" ...not something most people think about, but this is probably the one question that occupies my thoughts the most. Is time emergent or fundamental? I tend to believe it is fundamental.or at the very least, xan be sepeated from space.
I would say time is fundamental in the sense that it is an actual measurable dimension of the universe, but emergent in the sense of feeling that it is something we travel through or something that flows. I am not sure it can be entirely separated from space because two observers travelling through space at different speeds or in different directions, will have different opinions about which direction constitutes the time dimension, as they they are travelling through spacetime in different directions (and all observers consider "time" to be the direction through spacetime at which they are travelling at the speed of light).
@@AlwaysAsking in space, you are not traveling through time, just an information stream. You can't physically interact with it and change the course of events.
It is not peridolia, but do you see the image of a girl with a yellow handbag in middle of galaxy? she allmost as big as galaxy is top to bottom. But to see her easier you need to not be too close to your tv or monitor.
.Lets take a clock apart. We have the spring(energy), the pendulum ( movement) and the clock hands ( indicatevtime). Now each location in space can generate time so the empty space has energy and seen close up it is like boiling ( that's the movement) and the particals if any are set in motion ( that is like the clock hands) . So time goes only in one direction and cannot reverse all while fysics is time symmetric..
Ah. It's a computer voice. It took me a while to notice, but computers can't read AM as two letters because it is also an English word. Anyway, cool video.
Why does it take over an hour to explain that, by definition "Time is what clocks measure." You can choose anything to be a clock, but that doesn't change the definition.
This just seems wrong... well... some of it. My issue... let's allow for instant travel to anywhere in the universe for a moment. (Let's say a wormhole generator... or magic.) I'm looking at something like the last example. An alien lives someplace 2000 light years away. Somehow (not the point), he is getting video feed from Earth and sees Augustus Caesar in the Forum. He decides to come here. If he travels at the speed of light, it will take him 2000 years to arrive and will get here around the year 4000. (Remember it took 2000 years for the light to get there and he takes 2000 years to get here.) If he travels in an FTL drive, his time is better, but... he still arrives here AFTER the year 2000. If he can travel instantly, he will arrive in the year 2000. (He sees the video feed of Caesar and decides to go.) By the time our alien sees the video feed, Caesar is in the past. The video image might be the alien's present, but Auggie is 2000 years dead. The alien cannot get to Caesar after the video feed of him arrives. No matter what angle he is coming from, Caesar is dust. Receiving video feed that has traveled for 2000 years is not seeing the past, any more than having a picture of something means you have travelled in time.
Hi Joseph, you have a great intuition. You are right that if superluminal communication (or transportation) worked, then you could exploit it to create a time machine, and in exactly the way you describe: travel away from Earth at a high speed such that your present is Earth next week communicate superluminally with your friend on that Earth to learn the winning lottery numbers, then reverse course, and communicate with your same friend to give him the future lottery numbers. This of course would lead to all kinds of paradoxes, which is a reason most physicists doubt the possibility of superluminal communication or transportation. As to the example of an alien civilization 2000 light years away seeing Earth as it was 2,000 years ago, note that this is an altogether different phenomenon from the relativistic time distortions shown in this video. The alien civilization looking at Earth 2000-light years away would rightly conclude that Earth has experienced 2000 years of time since that light left Earth and would judge Earth's present to be around 2000 A.D. But consider a high speed rocket heading towards Earth at 10% the speed of light going past the Alien world (again 2000-light years from Earth). Due to clock desynchronization effects, they would conclude Earth's present to be 200 years earlier (~1800 A.D.) whereas a rocket going in the opposite direction would consider Earth to be in the year 2200 A.D. These effects are proportional to the fraction of the speed of light and the distance of separation, and are unrelated to just the delay of time it takes light to get that far. In this example, the alien world, and both rockets could all be exactly 2000 light years from Earth, but all have different opinions regarding what year it is on Earth, and each would be correct, from their own frame of reference. It's not easy to intuit why this is, but carefully considering the implications of the ladder paradox, can help: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ladder_paradox Let me know if you still have other questions about this.
I was interested as well. It is about the only video that described length contraction via rotation, just as I did in my YT videos that have been around for over 6 years.
What 's wrong with this: E=gamma*m*c^2 With a bit of manipulation we can get E^2 -v^2*E^2 /c^2=m^2 c^4 When v increases, the left hand side term decreases, which means the right hand side (m^2c^4) is decreasing. Which simply means the rest mass decreases. Does it mean an increase in velocity implies a decrease in rest mass?
@@aremijfaye5160 I'm not sure I follow how you manipulated gamma to get that equation, but if you'd like a way to calculate relativistic mass increase there's a relativity calculator on the associated article: alwaysasking.com/what-is-time#relativity-calculator For instance, you can use the figure from "time passes more slowly by a factor of" as gamma (the Lorentz factor).
@@AlwaysAsking I mean the term E^2-v^2 E^2 /c^2 goes to 0 when v goes to c, which implies m^2 c^4 to go to 0 as well. then m must go to zero. So can we say when v increases the est mass decreases?
Eternalism looks good in general relativity but can you demonstrate the blocks to me? This does show a good mathematical model of the universe and they do very well upto a point n then they fail? Using the ancient Greeks and talking of religion gives ure video a shelf life of 6 minutes!
Hi Mike, I am not sure what kind of demonstration you seek, however, I can point you to this paper, which makes a convincing case: philsci-archive.pitt.edu/2408/1/Petkov-BlockUniverse.pdf
@@AlwaysAsking I mean can we measure it in anyway can we go back or forward if this dimension exists! Could just be no we can’t travel in this dimension but why not and how can we assert it exists before demonstrating it? Not that I’m convinced by presentism but I’m more convinced of it upto now
@@mikebell4649 Hi Mike, I like to think of it like this: imagine there was an extra dimension, but we couldn't move through it. Then for all practical purposes we could never detect it. Now imagine there was an extra dimension, but everyone and everything moved through it at the exact same speed. Again, there would be no way to detect it. But now imagine, there's an extra dimension, but everyone's total speed was the same (the speed of light), but not all of that speed has to go into the extra dimension, if you move in any other dimension you will go a little slower in the extra dimension. Imagine cars on the highway going exactly 60 mph, if they change lanes they'll fall slightly behind the other cars in the highway because they'll use up some if their speed to shift right or left. This is how we can detect the fourth dimension. Things that move in the x,y, or z dimensions fall slightly behind everything else in the t dimension. Does this help?
I love such videos and this one especially is wonderfully made and explained.. however one thing that always drives me nuts with videos of this type, is the darn background music.. I mean.. piano and violins.. while explaining stuff.. as if i need to be somehow emotionally involved.. I don't get it. It might work for the rest of the people, i understand.. but personally i find it disorienting
Hi Emi, thanks for that feedback! I understand that point. If you prefer to listen to the audio track without music the linked Podcast in the video description is sans music.
In the end, all of our theories are just ideas which can be proven wrong in the future. The idea that antimatter is regular matter travelling backwards in time is one such idea. It fits with the facts and makes our description of particle interactions easier to explain and understand. You are correct this doesn't mean it is right!
@@AlwaysAsking tho it would concur with the block universe if low level energies can travel backwards i spose ! Or could it be the least energetic path to take n we only see higher energy particles? Im equivocating!
Hi viewer! You might be on to something. There is a theory in science, gaining popularity, called the "Consistent Histories interpretation of quantum mechanics": en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consistent_histories You might like the episode on "Why does anything exist?" which also highlights the close and strange relation between observation and reality.
@@AlwaysAsking And perhaps Time may also be the “ Size of Space-Time in a Locality “ e.g. the size of a space ship going through space at a very high speed for example or a “ Local Size “ for a twin that remains on earth or near earth !
@@AlwaysAsking Thank you, I have often wondered what would be a good analogy to describe time and how it functions. I'm writing a paper on Time and the Wave Function Interference Pattern. Almost done, but not really sure who to send it to.
Thought provoking essay on Time. It seems to support theories on super connectivity, which proposes that all matter is interconnected and "knows" the status of all other matter. Studies in quantum mechanics bear this out. Past, present, and future exist as a single bock of cheese with the element of time as a sort of wave theory passing thru it, creating the illusion of what we experience as the present. Strange as this all seems, this idea is hugely compelling. I think it's true. Charles Dickens' "A Christmas Carrol" uses this notion, as does Lewis Carol's "Through the Looking Glass". " It's a poor sort of memory which only works backwards".
Hi Nick, thank you! PBS spacetime has a good video on causality that relates to how things are interconnected in the universe. Also, I really like that Lewis Carroll quote, thanks for pointing it out to me. It seems everyone in the universe may be stuck with such a poor type of memory.
could we say Time is equal our speed minus the highest speed in the World till here is found (light speed) , Time = light speed - the current speed E.g. Time in Miller Planet = 300,000 km - e.g 290,000 km
Hi @mohammadebhami8120, great question! The math of how spatial velocity and time velocity are related is not quite like that. They actually, when summed, can add to more than 1c. The math of time and space velocities is all the math of right triangles (triangles that contain one angle of 90 degrees). Any right triangle you can draw, represents a possible relationship between a space velocity and a time velocity. The longest side of the right triangle will represent the spacetime velocity of the speed of light 300,000,000 meters a second, or 1c. The lengths of the two other sides will give you the corresponding speeds through time and through space. As an example it is possible to draw a right triangle where the lengths of the sides are 1, 0.6, and 0.8. this could mean that at 80% the speed of light through space you go through time at 60% the normal speed. Or it could be interpreted to mean that at 60% the speed of light, you go through time at 80% the normal rate. Both are possible interpretations. But note also at these two velocities add up to 1.4, which shows the math of right triangles is not as simple as straight forward addition. If you want to know exactly what the other speed is given one speed, then this is the calculation you perform (all values are in terms of the speed of light): sqrt(1 - (v * v)) Where v is the velocity through space in a fraction of the speed of light, so far example at half the speed of light, v would be 0.5. and SQRT is the square root function you will find on most calculators. I hope this helps!
The only time that can exist is now or the present. If the past , the present and the future all existed at the same TIME, that means you yourself since you exist would have to exist in all 3 at the same instant as well. Very unlikely ! And if all 3 did exist at the same time, what is it that makes the other 2 inaccessible ? But the ultimate implication of all 3 existing at the same instant of time, would have the net result of no existence being possible. It would be like a cat chasing its tail
The 3 yous, in the now, the 5 minutes ago, and the 5 minutes from now, are separated by "5 light minutes" of spacetime (90 million km). So just as different people can exist in different locations separated by space, and be unaware of each other and what the others are experiencing, the same could be true of different persons spread out across the dimension of time. Time and change still exist, all that is different in this view is that other points in time don't "cease existing". The ceasing existing really adds nothing in terms of your perception of this now. (what difference could it make to you in this present, if your past self ceases to exist or doesn't?)
Mr. David Pearson I hope you realize half of the information quoted in this video a.k.a. article can be found in diamond Sutra apparently words of the Buddha why am I not surprisedBogoslowsky ?
Some scientists think that. I think it was partly Einstein's belief that you needed two independent objects to have any concept of motion that led to his theory of relativity (motion only make sense in terms of relative motion between two objects, and is undefinable if you have only one thing). Likewise, using this same line of thinking, you could say time is only sensical if something can change. If the whole universe had only one electron in it, in what sense would time exist?
Hi rayzor rayzor, The answer to that question is easier if you first rephrase the question. I would t ask “if” nothing ever happens in the universe because the “block universe” view simply says that nothing ever DOES happen, it only appears to. I also wouldn’t ask if “time dosnt exist” because it clearly does, but it’s the “flowing” or passage of time that is an illusion. So if the question is “since nothing truly ‘happens’ in this static, four dimensional universe, is the flow of time an illusion?” And then the answer can be a simple “yup!!!” :)
In fact, the future does not exist EVER. The past is what the present no longer is. The future is what the present isn't yet. If all 3 existed simultaneously, you would yourself have to exist in all 3 at the same time, and talk about strange paradoxes, nothing would make any sense at all. Even the laws of physics would become meaningless. Example. In the present an object has motion, but in the future it has no motion. Combine the 2, and what is the object doing ? It can't both be in motion and motionless at the same time. This is only the tip of the iceberg in disproving that all 3 can exist simultaneously. By saying that the future already exists, is also saying that the universe already existed when it didn't. What in the world are these people smoking ? I'd like to try some
LOL (regarding smoking comment). I think the issue is the word "exist simultaneously" the English language wasn't designed to talk about atemporal perpetual existence. Interestingly, the ancient Greek did have a tense for this, called the aorist tense. Sicilian doesn't even have future tense. Imagine how difficult talking about time would be in that language. The best way to think about it (for me) is to see an analogy between different places, and different times. Each location in space has it's own notion of "here" and other locations are distant "theres", but here and there are not global properties, but relative to every location. The same is true of time. "now" and "present" are words like "here", they're still meaningful, but they are relative to whoever is speaking them. If someone else in a different time uses those words, they mean something else, just as two people in different spaces using the word "here" refer to different places. So to say everything exists simultaneously isn't quite the right phrasing, I would say all "nows" exist, each in their own times, just as all "heres" exist, each in their own spaces. I hope this helps. If not please feel free to ask more questions.
I think we are hard-wired to collect berries and avoid lions, but somewhere along the way we developed language and ways of thinking abstractly. This gave us the side benefit of making progress in pondering topics far removed from basic survival needs. I think it is incredible how far we have been able to advance in our understanding of the cosmos. It is a reason to be hopeful. :-)
@@AlwaysAsking I guess a 4D Brain for a 4D plane of existence is the best we got to work with. And for what it’s worth , the last 20 or so of your views on this one alone have been me. Even the Beethoven is like a lullaby that calms the reptilian part of my brain so I can just take it all in.
What if the world was alive with liveing matter and it could take you from yourself and imprison you within it...Then changed you or changed for you...allowing for humans to see the future of their own lives as wished for...I once saw madonna on a tv that was not even turned on and she was able to speak to me...
@@AlwaysAsking yes I Paintinting the outside of a block of flats in melbourne vic , I looked through a window and saw an old black and white tv...I saw madonna walking across the screen ( Nobody in the flat and the tv wasnt turned on) I said madonna is that you...yes she said stopping and Looking at me ... I was dumstruck , I new she was famous , I said to her can you help me get rich...she said I think I can..then I fell of the plank I was standing on and spilt paint on the concrete , I spent the rest of the day cleaning it up..Thats how it happend ...Years Later I see that she married Guy Ritchie and wondered what that was about...but I never talked to her like that again.... When I was 12 I saw her on our own black and white tv but she was 30 years older than me and in a show on stage ...yet she was born 1 month before me in 58... Theres even more freaky stuff ..Like her girlie book materialising on the table under my hand..it disapeared after i stopped looking at it..
Your explanation of this topic is a thing of beauty.
Thanks so much Victor! I am glad you enjoyed it. :-)
Could not agree more. 👍🏼😉
@@AlwaysAsking why does a cause and effect work if time doesnt exist
@@AlwaysAskingcan you make a video on empty individualism
I promised every time I stop by and watch this video even half. I will live in notation so here I am again I hope you realize I have attention. Deficit disorder is hard for me to focus so I need to review videos many times, and by the virtue of doing, so, I practically learned by hard, the content of what the professor is saying, so in the past five years, I learned all the lectures by rubber Sapolsky on TH-cam, about behavioral genetics I can basically rec those lectures by heart. I also remembered to punish the Hindu principal book shards shards shards. #Upanishads
#Bogoslowsky ♾️❤️🤴
The quote about how "now" is analogous to "here" finally made relativity understandable for me. I also find it much more comforting than the religious idea of heaven since it is a theory that is a demonstrable possibility. I've had so much grief as I've had to deal with the death of close friends and family. It's a comfort to imagine that from some other perspective, in another "here and now" they are still part of my universe.
Thanks, that's great feedback to hear which analogies help tie together an understanding or trigger an epiphany. I'm also glad that it provided some comfort. Have you seen our episode on the afterlife?
Please come back!!!!! This channel is so good. I would gladly support this channel financially if it came back.
Hi @YogSoth , I am still here, I have been working on the last article/video for the past 2 years. It will be out soon! :-)
@@AlwaysAsking Great news! I’m 100% serious about financial support. When you upload just point the way - Patreon, PayPal, whatever. I’ve watched all of your uploads and it really is superior, imo, to a lot of huge high budget channels. Truly fantastic educational content.
I've read tons of stuff trying to grasp the concept of spacetime and get an idea about the theory of relativity. I haven't studied physics, I am a medical doctor and I am only familiar with the basics in this field. Your video (and the texts in your site) is the best material I've read so far. Explaining these concepts so clearly and effortlessly and in such a natural order, is a rare talent. Having the knowledge isn't enough to make these things understandable to the non specialist reader. I consider your work invaluable for anyone wanting to expand their knowledge. Thank you!
💯👍 another top narrator and simplificationanator is scienceclic. Try his channel, it has some great content of expansions on long standing ideas/theories that even experts are impressed by.
Hi Σπυριδούλα Κώτση. Thank you for your kind words, I am glad you appreciated the video!
@@polymathproductions369 Hi Blu, thanks for this suggestion, I am checking them out now.
An apprehension, or resonance, of Beauty is felt arising: and "Thank You" is deeply here expressed. Sincerely..
This is an amazing watch. This is the best video I have seen on this topic. Thank you!
Hi M- Nice, thank you for your kind comments!
This was a very comprehensive video about space-time. I look forward to watching many more.
Thanks Zooman!
If you continue making content like this you will definitely grow. Aside from those who genuinely enjoy this content many others like these "long" interesting videos at night to unwind and fall asleep with. It takes a lot of work to put something like this together so thank you for your effort and even though you deserve compensation I greatly appreciate the lack of ads.
Thank you for your insights and compliments! I make these videos out of a passion for sharing information, which is its own reward. :-)
@@AlwaysAsking so true, so true.
@@AlwaysAsking why are you asking now?
@@michaelsears6054 I have been asking and researching these questions for the past 14 years but now finally have the time to share what I've found while researching these topics and questions.
This episode is so informative and confusing at the same time. Great work!
Hi Nitrofan69, thank you! I am glad to hear you enjoyed it.
Hi Nitrofan, I hope that you can join us for the premiere for the next episode, which comes out tonight: th-cam.com/video/6hGH-roVl3w/w-d-xo.html :-)
I watch to fall asleep...have yet to get to the end after 2 years . Very good video from what I've heard and read in comments.
This is the best explanation of time and space or spacetime, out of the hundreds I've seen. Only halfway through though, I have to pause it, take it all in. Many Thanks.
Wow thank you! I am glad you enjoyed it.
This is a beautiful joy to listen to this video while falling asleep
It is a genius who can explain such advanced material with so much clarity and intelligibility to laypeople. Very well done. Thank you.
Maybe look up what an explanation is. Then look up Stockholm syndrome.
Then turn off your phone
Thank you so much Mr. Jordan. I am glad you appreciated the effort. :-)
You deserve more subscribers.I just stumbled upon you channel.
Really appreciate how you try to reply to a comment with great knowledge. You yourself seems to be a passionate and knowledgeable person.
Keep it up buddy. Love from India.
Thank you Abhishek! The channel is fairly new but it has been growing quickly the past few days. I expect the growth to continue with more videos.
As a child, I had some of the same questions Einstein was able to ask and actually answer, but I had zero idea of how to describe and prove what I was thinking. I love this stuff, and to some extent understand this.
Sometimes (or perhaps usually) kids ask the best questions. :-)
This is truly amazing how much we have learned about the universe in the past 80 years I may be 100 years. It might sound bizarre but my grandfather who was born in 1906 in a small village on the bank of a river Volga in Russia didn’t believe earth is a globe, he always insisted earth is flat because he never went further away than 30 miles from his village. She never went to the doctor either.
Yes the progress is truly extraordinary.
Very exhaustive and detail explanation, very enlightening.
Thank you Gururaj!
Will listen again and again. Until it sinks in. I know I will understand in the end. The end which is already out there, somewhere/when. Thanks for a superb presentation.
You're most welcome gee ali, thank you!
An EXCELLENT presentation on the subject. Very well done and one of the best on TH-cam. Your script, narration, graphics and music make this one of the most informative and enjoyable videos on the complex subject of Special Relativity. I'll recommend this video to everyone! Saved and Subscribed. Thank you.
Thanks so much Art! I really appreciate that and I will endeavor to make more content worthy of such praise.
Hi Art, I hope that you can join us for the premiere for the next episode, which comes out tonight: th-cam.com/video/6hGH-roVl3w/w-d-xo.html :-)
Rewatching this (again) because it's my favourite, awesomely presented and detailed explanation of time 👍🏼😉
Thank you Matt! I am glad you enjoy the video so much. :-)
Love Time. Its one of the most complicated subjects to get your head around simply because and Im not sure if im wrong or not it doesn't exist. It only exists because we need it as a measure tool rather than a clock so to speak. The more in depth it goes, the more you realise that sitting on a chair and remaining perfectly still is the biggest misnomer of many people. We aren't sitting still. The Earth moves, the galaxy moves. The earth will never be in the same place every again. Yeah, it rotates around the sun and every new years we celebrate for having done a full rotation, but the position we end up in is millions of kilometers from the same time as the previous year, so time for us is 1 year, but time to the universe is irrelevant. We rely on it so heavily, but where did it begin? We look back in time every time we look at the stars or the moon or even the sun. Light takes so long to get here that by the time we see it, the star that created it has probably been gone for millions of years. The Big bang happened an estimated 13.8 billion years ago and yet the question is, is that when time started or did it start just before or had it been going before then? Like I say, its an extremely complicated subject and probably more interesting than any other.. Brilliant video!
Heraclitus said, "change is the only constant". Parmenides said "change is an illusion". Each might be correct in their own way. I think the difference originates from whether one considers the question from a subjective or objective viewpoint. I'm glad you enjoyed the video. Thanks for watching it!
"sitting in a chair... we aren't sitting still" OMG! Does this mean I'll have to install seatbelts and airbags in all of the furniture? LOL
@@NameRequiredSoHere You just might, if you are unfortunate to smash into a wall of antimatter (an equivalent of a head-on collision with matter travelling in the other direction through time). Though I'm not sure a seat-belt would help much with that!
I keep watching these over n over...i love them...keep posting ur work...u should have alot more subs
Hi Michael, thank you! I'm working on the next episode "What is consciousness?" It should be good 🙂 I hope you will like it.
Love this channel!!!! Thank you so much for making these videos! They are excellent!
Love your comment d grgr!
Most ridiculous part about this universe is-“cause and effect”
I can’t get used to it for over 50 years.
Take for example, if I shampoo my hair twice, my hair stays clean longer.
Or as soon as I clean my gutters it will start pouring storming.
I can bring endless examples about how future can be changed by actions in the present.
Since I have nothing to do since early childhood, I keep myself busy painting, drawing
I paid for my children’s college. I don’t need anything else.
Length contraction equals shrinkage when George Costanza exclaims "I was in the pool!"
I remember that one. :-) It will offer a new excuse for astronauts that may some day travel at near light speeds.
Time is a human form of measurement. To give us perspective, understanding and a point of reference. Like languages/numbers/maths/sciences etc etc. We create time as we move through space and we form our own relative realities. Inventing/creating forms of measurement/data as we do,to explain and give meaning to our existence and purpose. Its why we are all such a mystery and unique, always pushing further and further and we never stop searching till we explain it all. If only we used our allocated "time" for each others benefit and enhanced all humans equally.🙏peace&love
Very well said. Have you seen our video on the meaning of life? It comes to a similar conclusion to the one you express about how to best use our time here: th-cam.com/video/qIfZxCNIA5Q/w-d-xo.html
Thank you very much . That was brilliant ,can't wait to watch again. Funny to think I am watching it in the past and the future as I type this. It's all relative.
Thanks Vernon! That is a funny thought for sure ☺️
Excellent content. I have watched this video many times. I enjoy listening to it whilst lying in bed, thinking about the mystery of time!
Thank you Anthony!
@@AlwaysAsking You are amazingly talented and I'm subscribing to you. I'm also going to recommend you to my friends. You should do this professionally. Thank you for making these videos!
@@AntoinMhicArtain Thank you so much for that! I will continue making them. :-)
Very useful mathematical tool.
Thank you, always asking.
Thanks! Then you might like the relativity calculator that accompanies the article: alwaysasking.com/what-is-time/#relativity-calculator
Sigh. It will most likely never cease to amaze me as to how any one field of study, and it's "go to" tool sets, become so emboldened as to extrapolate so far and wide from the glimpses our species has evolved to now perceive. I suggest a healthy dose of respect and an abundance of humility be employed to guide our scientific quest.
Our glimpses are dim and faint, and reality is huge and complex. Perhaps bold extrapolations are required if we are to make any sense of it. I think what's important for one's scientific quest is to remember never to confuse our extrapolations for reality itself.
I promised every time I stop by and watch this video even half. I will live in notation so here I am again I hope you realize I have attention. Deficit disorder is hard for me to focus so I need to review videos many times, and by the virtue of doing, so, I practically learned by hard, the content of what the professor is saying, so in the past five years, I learned all the lectures by rubber Sapolsky on TH-cam, about behavioral genetics I can basically rec those lectures by heart. I also remembered to punish the Hindu principal book shards shards shards. #Upanishads
#Bogoslowsky ♾️❤️🤴
When I was 12 years old I saw Madonna doing a show (on our old black and white tv) the only thing is she was 30 years old, and yet she was born 1 month before me..How do you think that was possible ?..
I can't explain that..
That was Marilyn Monroe
@@leodiamondlegacy no it was madonna doing the girlie show...she was on stage holding a guitar and playing it..
What an amazing channel. 🙏
Thanks so much Vibhu! I'm glad you enjoy the content. The next episode will be out in a couple days. :-)
@@AlwaysAsking Many good wishes to you. You have all the makings to be a great channel. I love it. I will make sure to like and comment bon each of your uploads and do my little part. You totally deserve it.
@@vibhurathee2160 You are too kind. That means a lot to me. I genuinely appreciate it! :-)
Respekt
@@vibhurathee2160 yeah, I agree.
It takes time and effort in order to find the few jewels that are on TH-cam.
Wow !! That was,is,and will be an amazing video !!! Still trying to comprehend the implications that this mysterious "force" called time brings to the existence of existence. I will have to watch this "again" (again=past, present and future all at the same moment in time) to see if I can make any sense of it at all. Great video !!!
Thank you Richard! I am glad you enjoyed it. :-)
I plan on living Forever! --- and, so far, so good...
🤞 it's more likely than many realize: th-cam.com/video/3b4VFQTgMDM/w-d-xo.html
I don't want to live past 100 but please ask me again when I'm 99.
The video is great what amazes me is how did he think of this.
Einstein had an amazing way of conceptualizing things, starting from basic questions. According to him, all his ideas on relativity developed from considering the question of what it would be like to ride on a beam of light.
I enjoyed this for the same reason @doesnotgiveaf gave - to unwind and nod off. My only feedback, and it’s not negative, is that I wake up singing, “you never give me you money…” or “boy, you’re gonna carry that weight…”, because the piano part at the start, and possibly in other places, is close. They were a thing those four guys.
Time is the freedom to have or to arrange an order of events. Order if left to itself will ultimately be consumed by entropy the default state , and with the loss of order, time stands still. Time as an ever-increasing calendrical series cannot continue. Space is also mentioned here, as the freedom of celestial or any physical object to move about without collision or external hindrance. Space so understood is also ultimately consumed by gravity as objects collapse on each other at the CoG of the universe. In this state there is zero space due to overcrowding and extreme gravitational attraction. So zero time and space ultimately if things are left to themselves.
Time is a concept that has been misunderstood ever since Einstein's former professor came up with the term 'spacetime'. Since then, everyone has been believing in Voodoo Time - time as a mystical physical medium that you can physically move through (hence the erroneous notion of backwards time travel).
Wherever you hear 'time' in this video, remove it and correctly insert CHANGE, which is the actual phenomenon of interest, and the voodoo disappears (as well as the Grandfather Paradox, which should have been a red flag that your thinking was wrong), and your backwards travel engineering efforts are correctly refocused on 'change' (from Voodoo time to the reality of change).
What is time? Nothing mysterious, it is a tool that we invented to quantify one dimension of change (space being another tool for another dimension of,change, with its invented spatial units, heat being another, then entrophy, etc. etc.).
If you want to go backwards in time, just run your clock backward. It will not affect any other aspect of change.
Not one person perceives any situation the same. You remember things from your childhood that only occured the way you remembered them because it was your perception and mindset at that time experiencing them. I think time is similar. I try my hardest to be completely self sufficient but time has always felt like a burden to me. Like having set ages you should be at a certain place usual ends people up somewhere they don't want to be and a national average age for when people usually die probably leads to stress that speeds the process up. I like to just think I'm alive and that's enough and I just work everyday to get to the point I can be out of any set framework that's not mine 😂
That's a great goal Mike. I think most people strive to reach that point. I think you will enjoy the next video which should be out soon: "What is the meaning of life?" Look for it to be out by the end of this month.
@@AlwaysAsking I look forward to it
This is BRILLIANT ! I just love the ' bananas ' part.
Hi Brian, thank you! That's one of my favorite parts as well 🍌 ☢️ 😉
Sharing all videos, science at its best ...
Thanks so much Ruperto! I greatly appreciate that!
Stumbled upon your channel when searching for some good math documentaries. Will subscribe it, and really like this particular video. Great job... From India 🇳🇪👍👍
Thanks so much Isaac! You might also enjoy the "Why does anything exist?" episode. It's surprisingly math heavy.
This is/was/will be time well spent…
😆
Father time. Undefeated for centuries.
At around 35 minutes where you talking about the clocks desynchronising, is there an explanation as to why the clocks are desynchronised because of their velocity when they're both moving at same speed?
I've seen this presented many different ways. There is a perception of desynchronization do you the fact that a person is either moving within the information stream either towards the clock or away from the clock.
With the second method, a master clock placed in the middle, there is an actual desynchronization between the clocks do the fact that the signal from the master clock has a greater distance to travel for the clock in the front than the one in the rear.
Tony's explanation is good. Imagine a clock in the front and rear of a rocket, kept in sync by a light pulse emitted every second from a master clock in the center of the ship. When the ship begins to accelerate, the light (as seen from a stationary observer) will run into the rear of the ship faster than it takes to get to the front, so the rear clock starts running fast compared to the one in the front, but only by a constant amount of time once the maximum speed is reached. When it comes to a halt both clocks will appear to be in sync from the point of view of the stationary observer.
Absolutely brilliant content ... well done
Thanks so much Kaiser!
@@AlwaysAsking keep up the great work ...
@@diamondgeezertunes Thanks kaiser, I just finished writing the new episode, video will be out in the next few days!
Learning? Always! 👌
Thank you War Hammer ⚒️
@@AlwaysAsking That's War Hamster, you're welcome 😊
@@whirledpeas3477My apologies! I misread it. 🐹
@@AlwaysAsking No problem I am not really a hamster
Good video. And besides Philochrony is the theory that describes the nature of time and demonstrates its existence. Time is magnitive.
Thank you Elvis Sibilia!
My Thoery is that there is no Spacetime. But it is actually Space-gas And Time-liquid . Space and Time are Conceptually more like a state. So maybe, Time is actually two Space-gases in a dynamic. Spatial and Vacuum possibly. Time interacts like a "Liquid state". So possibly Time comes about in the same manner as "water". So you have Static space "boson" that starts the first "building block" Then you add Spatial "gas" and Vacuum "gas" Thats 3 space "dimensional particles" and when they compound "Time" can be produced. And actual scientist plse comment and share your opinion, i may be way way off lol. But i am at least pionted Conceptually in the right direction
Hi Aaron, that's an interesting idea, and actually not entirely off from what some cutting-edge theorists are now considering with the idea of the "holographic principle." This is the idea that all the goings-on in a spatial volume can equivalently be viewed as interactions on a flat surface area. So while we perceive ourselves in a vast universe, there's an equivalent mathematical description where everything is happening on the "outer surface" of the universe. So you might be on to something with there being no spacetime!
Special relativity is as elegant as it is amazing. Just think of it, a photon does not experience time nor distance. From when it is emitted to it's absorption is one and same thing. It does not travel anywhere . However, all things being relative ......
Yes, beautiful ideas like relativity provide so much food for thought, leading to fascinating and unintuitive epiphanies, like the one you mention.
Is it really proven that we live in a block universe and that the past, present and future is happening at the same time?
I am always thinking about this because it is really mind-blowing to know that our future is already decided...
Hi Sage, I think "proven" may be too strong a word, but it is, I would say, "highly-suggested" assuming relativity is a correct description of our universe. This paper goes into more details of why relativity implies a block universe: philsci-archive.pitt.edu/2408/1/Petkov-BlockUniverse.pdf
As far as "the future" being decided, this also might not be the most accurate way of describing it, for if there are many universes (e.g. if eternal inflation, or the many-worlds of quantum mechanics is right) then we can live in a block universe and yet not have a single definite future. This would be because in some sense, all possible futures exist and are real. So even if the future in each universe is determined, we can't say which future ours will be because we don't know which one we are in (or will end up in). I plan to have a future video that goes into detail about many-universe theories.
@@AlwaysAsking Thank you for your reply... Einstein said that "Time is but a stubborn illusion" so block universe is highly possible... I will be interested in watching your video in many worlds theory and knowing the true nature of time and reality...
@@acpeji Thanks. I hope to get to it before the end of the year. I'm working on another big topic at the moment: "What is consciousness?" That will be the next episode.
@@AlwaysAsking Yes consciousness... I also wanna know where did our consciousness came from and some people said that consciousness can't be destroyed even if the person dies...
@@acpeji There may be some truth to that. Have you seen the AlwaysAsking episode on the afterlife? th-cam.com/video/nnXIylaGDQg/w-d-xo.html
I have watched this part 50 times and still confused. When Pam uses 80% of speed to travel through space, why does she only use 60% of speed to travel through time? It’s making me go nuts. Yes time dilation and length contraction. Someone give a satisfying answer.
Hi John Terry. Great question! Pause the video at 30:33 with the diagram of the pencils. Note that both pencils are the same length. Exactly 10 units in the grid long.
Now imagine the pencils are each 10 miles long. If you ran the length of the top pencil at 10 mph it would take an hour to cross from the erasers to the point, going in a completely easterly direction.
But now consider what happens if you follow the pencil on the bottom which is pointing south east. Assume you go at the exact same 10 mph. It still takes 1 hour to cross. But now you are travelling both south and east. At the end of the trip you have travelled 8 miles east and 6 miles south, even though you only ran a distance of 10 miles and only ran at 10 mph.
The reason is when travelling in this south easterly direction 80% of your speed is directed east, you are travelling easterly at 8 mph, while 60% is directed south, you travel southerly at 6 mph.
Intuition might say this is impossible, but it happens anytime you travel at non-right angles. The sub components of your velocities in each direction will add up to more than your total speed.
That this is so should be clear from looking at the pencil. It's 10 units long, but if you count the squares you will notice it is 8 units across and 6 units tall. This adds to 14, which is longer than the length of the pencil. ✏️
I hope this clarifies things. Please let me know if it is still unclear or if you have any other questions. 🙂
Thanks for the explanation. I need to learn more. So, the southeast is time dimension and east is spatial dimension by analogy.
@@johnterry6541 East is the time direction for an at rest observer. South is the space dimension for the at rest observer. The south east direction is the path taken by a rocket accelerated to 60% the speed of light. By the end of the trip, this rocket has only made it 80% the distance through time. While the at rest observer that went through time only and experienced 10 years, this rocket only experienced 8 years.
Note you can use any numbers here so long as when you square them they sum to 1. Here 0.80 and 0.60 work because 0.80^2 + 0.60^2 = 0.64 + 0.36 = 1. This rule derives from Pythagoras. It's the Pythagorean rule for right triangles, which involve right-angles, which is always the case for different dimensions. Dimensions are always at right angles to each other.
@@johnterry6541 There is another explanation.
First, imagine time is not a dimension but is in fact a concept, not more than a concept.
Imagine also that this concept evolved as a shortcut way for us to think about
the vast complexity involved in the relative movements of everything.
Now the twin returned from relativistic space trip
needs another explanation for looking younger than the homebody twin.
Here it is, a little terse...
Every object has a reservoir of movement in it.
When an object is accelerated in one direction
the reservoir's available movement is depleted, meaning,
there is less available for particles to wander in the infinite number of other directions.
Thus all the particles in the space traveler move less in those directions.
The result is that the twin changes less than the other.
The "reservoir of movement" is of course jolly nonsense.
But think about how hard it is to move about when you're in a high speed centrifuge.
Now imagine accelerating in a linear direction to be approximately equivalent.
(In my yout I had the centrifuge experience. A group of us walked in and stood with our backs against the curving wood plank wall of the cylindrical room. It started to spin and when it reached a particular rpm the floor fell away and we all stayed in place, pressed against the wall. I tried to move my arms about and found it very difficult. (Note: inside the room there were no visible clues to indicate it was rotating so all being stuck to the wall appeared a wee bit stranger)).
p.s. I think acceleration is what causes the effect and not the fact of moving quickly.
Moving quickly does not affect the space traveler's floating weightless.
It's very interesting that the experience of acceleration and
the experience of gravity are identical yet
the causes are radically different.
Or are they?
This recent noise about quantum entanglement hints that
our mental model and actuality may be significantly different.
Cheers!
Awesome video .big fan very logical 👏 true
Thanks!
photon from the star 300 light years away comes to us immediately. from his perspective.
From the photon's perspective, the entire history of the universe is over in an instant.
This seems like a very strange view, but there is an analogy. For the photon time and space are flipped compared to our point of view. So just as the photon can see "all of time at once" as it travels through space, we can see "all of space" at once as we travel through time.
@@AlwaysAsking if we are constrained to travel in time only to the future, what are the constraints of photon? Does photon fears gravity and matter?
@@collie8 Photons do feel gravity as they follow the "Geodesic" the shortest path through space as defined by the gravitational field. ( en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geodesic ).
Photons can also interact with any particle that interacts with the electromagnetic field (quarks and electrons) which comprise most of the matter we're familiar with. Any photon that is born came from some particle of matter and any time a photon dies (gets absorbed) it is from some interaction with a particle of matter.
0:31 hello Jason this is Andrey Bogoslowsky, your favorite Russian artist. I have managed to open a new page on TH-cam so I can leave my personal comments without a help from my friend. I’m looking forward to write an article about the relationship of human destiny and destiny of the universe.😅❤
That's great. I hope to begin writing that article soon, this one on consciousness has taken me way too long...
It's eight o'clock. I've got it written down on a piece of paper.
Well done Eccles.
@@josephturner4047 see
@@josephturner4047 see
😂
Time is the movement of any given object through space, that's it. Once you stop an object, you will have frozen it in time.
Time and motion are intricately related. Both are marked by change.
Just incredible
Thanks David!
@@AlwaysAsking yes, your an artist and a poet !
Thoth further beseeches the children of Khem to turn away from the darkness to the light. He speaks of the great Void from which all existence was created with the power of thought.
When he asks the Dweller whether this thought was eternal, he is told that the Law of Time came into being so that eternal thought could exist. "Time does not move, rather we move through time. Time does not change, rather we change in time. Time separates events and gives them coherence. And even though in time ye are separate, yet still are One in all times existent. -Thoth
Very interesting! I was not aware of this ancient quote about time. Thank you for sharing it Truth Seeker.
I like the quotes
Thank you! Glad to hear that Michael.
Was the use of Beethoven’s allegro from his seventh symphony a nod to the film Knowing or just a lucky coincidence?
It must have been a coincidence, I don't think I've seen that movie. Is it on a similar topic?
AlwaysAsking similar topic, future information in a time capsule etc, Knowing 2009 on TH-cam. The allegro is a stand out piece in this film
@@mh001h90 Thanks, I will check it out!
35:25 the clock at the rear of the accelerating rocket will run slower than the front clock - not faster. The rear of the rocket is equivalent to being in a higher gravitational field than the front of the rocket. Thus the clock in the rear will run slower than the clock in the front which is equivalent to being in a lower gravitational field. However you didn't say "accelerating" - you said "moving". If the rocket is moving at a constant velocity both clocks will be in sync as the equivalent gravitational field on both ends will be equal. Other than that great video.
Hi Tony, thanks for your comments. In this case the clocks appear synchronized from the perspective of observers at rest relative to the rocket. But to an observer who sees the rocket flying to the right will see the time of the clock running behind the one at the front. To visualize this, consider the case where the clocks are synchronized by a light pulse that emanates from the exact center of the rocket. If the rocket appears in motion to an observer, they will see the light pulse hit the clock in the tail before it hits the rocket in the nose. This causes the rocket in the tail to seem to run behind the rocket in the nose. I hope this clarifies the point of this diagram (it was not meant to consider gravitational fields or acceleration).
@@AlwaysAsking umm you're repeating the exact point I made - "But to an observer who sees the rocket flying to the right will see the time of the clock running behind the one at the front". How is that different from what I actually pointed out? Which was... "the clock at the rear of the accelerating rocket will run slower than the front clock - not faster. The rear of the rocket is equivalent to being in a higher gravitational field than the front of the rocket. Thus the clock in the rear will run slower than the clock in the front which is equivalent to being in a lower gravitational field". And this wouldn't just appear to those outside of the rocket. Those in the rocket will notice the rear clock is ticking slower that the rear clock. Because as I stated the rear of the rocket is moving (if it's accelerating) faster than the front of the rocket. Thus due to the Equivalence principle. The rear of the rocket will appear to be experiencing a higher gravitational field (due to the acceleration) than the front of the rocket. For those observers at rest relative to the rocket. As the rocket approaches them they will see any light signals from the clock at the front of the rocket arrive before they see signals from the clock from the rear because as the front to will be closest to those observers. If the rocket is directly in front of those observers they will see the signals from both clocks arrive simultaneously. If the rocket is passing those observers will see the signal from the rear clock arrive before the signal from the front clock.
@@aneikei Hi Tony. My apppologies. In my previous comment when I said the clock in the rear runs behind the one in the front I misspoke. I meant to say the clock in the rear of the rocket runs ahead of the clock in the front. In this situation both clocks tick at the same rate. Neither runs slower than the other, but the clock in the front will appear to have a time that is behind (by a fixed amount) the clock in the rear of the rocket. This situation assumes no gravitational fields or acceleration. The rocket is in empty space and moving at a constant velocity. Observers take into account the speed of light when they estimate the times reported by the clocks, and this effect still manifests. It's a consequence of the relative motion coupled with the fact that all observers measure the speed of light to be the same. Therefore because the rocket is moving from the perspective of some observers, they see the synchronizing signal take longer to reach the clock at the front than the clock in the rear. So the clock in the rear will "tick" some fixed amount of time ahead of the clock in the front. I apologize for any confusion I created with my previous comment.
The Hafele-Keating experiment proved that there was no time-dilation occurring. Why does everyone keep promoting it as otherwise. Is it because time-dilation is the cornerstone of special relativity, and acknowledging that it doesn't exist would invalidate most of their theories?
Hi @Tony-df9my can you explain this?
@AlwaysAsking I suggest you look up the engineering aspects of atomic clocks. The atom is chilled to absolute zero temperatures to keep it from accelerating in time (radio active decay from an applied force) the atom is then accelerated to a certain change state rate that corresponds with the Earth's rotational speed for the clock's given radius from the center of the Earth. In other words, atomic clocks merely measure the Earth's motion through space. No other inference can be assumed.
What HK proved was that you could use identical clock's to measure relative motion in space. That pretty much negates special relativity as one frame can claim to be the preferred frame - the one going faster in space will have a lower clock cycle count.
What everyone fails to understand is the difference between inorganic and organic matter. Plants are accelerated in time by sunlight. Traveling faster in space doesn't necessarily change how much energy from the sun they receive. Animals then eat the plants and use that energy to accelerate their bodies in space and in time. The calories that are not consumed by the muscles in producing locomotion go into the production of mass. A low protein diet will delay child puberty whereas a high protein diet will accelerate it. The amount of energy that one consumes doesn't change simply because you are traveling faster in space. If anything, it increases as the body seeks balance. This is easily verifies by looking at NASA's astronaut data. Astronauts experience an accelerated heart rate during lift-off and it returns to normal in the low gravity environment.
In none of these time-dilation experiments was it noted that clocks in motion used less energy. They.used the same amount of energy and thus experienced the same amount of time. One just experienced a greater distance in that time frame, aka, experienced more space.
Mechanical clocks measure motion in space. Biological clocks measure motion in time.
@@stewiesaidthat Thank you for those details and explanation. I was wondering though, how can we account for the unnaturally longer half-life times of unstable particles, when they are accelerated to near the speed of light. In this case, the particles are not in a lower energy state, and yet they appear as if they experience time more slowly (surviving as much as 20 times longer than they ought to in some experiments).
@AlwaysAsking I would surmise that they are picking up residual energy from the force that is accelerating them in space and balancing out the natural decay process.
If you look into the Breakthrough Starshot experiment, the solar sail is starting to disintegrate after it reaches .2c. Not all of the energy that accelerates it in space is being reflected back. It absorbs a portion of it, causing the atoms that make up the sail to accelerate. Eventually, the mass of the sail will be converted back into pure energy via the radiant heat transfer to the coldness of space.
If particles can absorb energy and convert it to mass via acceleration in space, why us the solar sail disintegrating? Biological (organic life) can absorb that energy and convert it to matter, but I have yet to see where inorganic matter can to the same thing. Applyna force to frozen water - heat - and the water molecules become accelerated and lose mass - radiant heat. Pressurization will increase the boiling point of water as that radiant energy has nowhere to escape to.
It could be the same effect as your near light speed particles lasting longer than expected.
We only experience one reality which is some average of all the possibilities. The past is gone because the state of the entire system has changed.
Time is something to wish for when you've run out of it...
Very true.
I find it difficult to hear the speaker mixed with music mixed at the same time. If you would please suppress or lower the loudness in future videos, I will be most grateful, thanks
Hi Caesare, thank you for this feedback! I will attempt to strike a proper volume balance in the future. Also, if you find the soundtrack too distracting, note that the podcast episodes, ( podcast.alwaysasking.com/ ) do not use any music.
@@AlwaysAsking most grateful for your understanding and specially for the reference to the podcasts without the music that will be wonderful to listen to, thanks again.
Didn’t relativity used to say that mass increases to infinity at speed of light. Don’t hear that any more b.
Hi Steve, you are right. That used to be a popular way of describing why things can't accelerate to the speed of light, but that way of explaining it has fallen out of favor for a number of reasons. See en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_in_special_relativity#Popular_science_and_textbooks for some of the reasons.
Light seems fast but on cosmic scale its slooooow.
It sure is. And if we ever upload our minds into computers whose electric signals propagate a million times faster than our nerve signals, then we could think a million times faster, and light will seem to move a million times slower. Then sending emails across the planet at light speed will seem to travel at the speed of an airliner. It will feel like it takes hours to pull up any website if the server is far away, or to get a text message back from someone across the country. Let us enjoy thinking slowly for now. ☺️
"What is time" ...not something most people think about, but this is probably the one question that occupies my thoughts the most. Is time emergent or fundamental? I tend to believe it is fundamental.or at the very least, xan be sepeated from space.
I would say time is fundamental in the sense that it is an actual measurable dimension of the universe, but emergent in the sense of feeling that it is something we travel through or something that flows. I am not sure it can be entirely separated from space because two observers travelling through space at different speeds or in different directions, will have different opinions about which direction constitutes the time dimension, as they they are travelling through spacetime in different directions (and all observers consider "time" to be the direction through spacetime at which they are travelling at the speed of light).
@@AlwaysAsking in space, you are not traveling through time, just an information stream. You can't physically interact with it and change the course of events.
It is not peridolia, but do you see the image of a girl with a yellow handbag in middle of galaxy? she allmost as big as galaxy is top to bottom. But to see her easier you need to not be too close to your tv or monitor.
.Lets take a clock apart. We have the spring(energy), the pendulum ( movement) and the clock hands ( indicatevtime). Now each location in space can generate time so the empty space has energy and seen close up it is like boiling ( that's the movement) and the particals if any are set in motion ( that is like the clock hands) . So time goes only in one direction and cannot reverse all while fysics is time symmetric..
At least with an esoteric fanbase you get to answer all the comments.
That's true! :-)
Ah. It's a computer voice. It took me a while to notice, but computers can't read AM as two letters because it is also an English word. Anyway, cool video.
Thanks MikeOfKorea! Good catch.
Wow, best computerized narrator I've ever heard. Crazy
How long to slow down..
Why does it take over an hour to explain that, by definition "Time is what clocks measure." You can choose anything to be a clock, but that doesn't change the definition.
This just seems wrong... well... some of it.
My issue... let's allow for instant travel to anywhere in the universe for a moment. (Let's say a wormhole generator... or magic.)
I'm looking at something like the last example.
An alien lives someplace 2000 light years away. Somehow (not the point), he is getting video feed from Earth and sees Augustus Caesar in the Forum. He decides to come here.
If he travels at the speed of light, it will take him 2000 years to arrive and will get here around the year 4000. (Remember it took 2000 years for the light to get there and he takes 2000 years to get here.)
If he travels in an FTL drive, his time is better, but... he still arrives here AFTER the year 2000.
If he can travel instantly, he will arrive in the year 2000. (He sees the video feed of Caesar and decides to go.)
By the time our alien sees the video feed, Caesar is in the past. The video image might be the alien's present, but Auggie is 2000 years dead.
The alien cannot get to Caesar after the video feed of him arrives.
No matter what angle he is coming from, Caesar is dust. Receiving video feed that has traveled for 2000 years is not seeing the past, any more than having a picture of something means you have travelled in time.
Hi Joseph, you have a great intuition. You are right that if superluminal communication (or transportation) worked, then you could exploit it to create a time machine, and in exactly the way you describe: travel away from Earth at a high speed such that your present is Earth next week communicate superluminally with your friend on that Earth to learn the winning lottery numbers, then reverse course, and communicate with your same friend to give him the future lottery numbers. This of course would lead to all kinds of paradoxes, which is a reason most physicists doubt the possibility of superluminal communication or transportation.
As to the example of an alien civilization 2000 light years away seeing Earth as it was 2,000 years ago, note that this is an altogether different phenomenon from the relativistic time distortions shown in this video. The alien civilization looking at Earth 2000-light years away would rightly conclude that Earth has experienced 2000 years of time since that light left Earth and would judge Earth's present to be around 2000 A.D. But consider a high speed rocket heading towards Earth at 10% the speed of light going past the Alien world (again 2000-light years from Earth). Due to clock desynchronization effects, they would conclude Earth's present to be 200 years earlier (~1800 A.D.) whereas a rocket going in the opposite direction would consider Earth to be in the year 2200 A.D. These effects are proportional to the fraction of the speed of light and the distance of separation, and are unrelated to just the delay of time it takes light to get that far. In this example, the alien world, and both rockets could all be exactly 2000 light years from Earth, but all have different opinions regarding what year it is on Earth, and each would be correct, from their own frame of reference.
It's not easy to intuit why this is, but carefully considering the implications of the ladder paradox, can help: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ladder_paradox Let me know if you still have other questions about this.
What is the source of information for this video?
Hi Herman. It's from: alwaysasking.com/what-is-time/ All references and sources are linked there.
I was interested as well. It is about the only video that described length contraction via rotation, just as I did in my YT videos that have been around for over 6 years.
What 's wrong with this: E=gamma*m*c^2
With a bit of manipulation we can get E^2 -v^2*E^2 /c^2=m^2 c^4
When v increases, the left hand side term decreases, which means the right hand side (m^2c^4) is decreasing. Which simply means the rest mass decreases. Does it mean an increase in velocity implies a decrease in rest mass?
@@aremijfaye5160 I'm not sure I follow how you manipulated gamma to get that equation, but if you'd like a way to calculate relativistic mass increase there's a relativity calculator on the associated article: alwaysasking.com/what-is-time#relativity-calculator
For instance, you can use the figure from "time passes more slowly by a factor of" as gamma (the Lorentz factor).
@@AlwaysAsking I mean the term E^2-v^2 E^2 /c^2 goes to 0 when v goes to c, which implies m^2 c^4 to go to 0 as well. then m must go to zero. So can we say when v increases the est mass decreases?
Eternalism looks good in general relativity but can you demonstrate the blocks to me? This does show a good mathematical model of the universe and they do very well upto a point n then they fail? Using the ancient Greeks and talking of religion gives ure video a shelf life of 6 minutes!
Hi Mike, I am not sure what kind of demonstration you seek, however, I can point you to this paper, which makes a convincing case: philsci-archive.pitt.edu/2408/1/Petkov-BlockUniverse.pdf
@@AlwaysAsking I mean can we measure it in anyway can we go back or forward if this dimension exists! Could just be no we can’t travel in this dimension but why not and how can we assert it exists before demonstrating it? Not that I’m convinced by presentism but I’m more convinced of it upto now
@@mikebell4649 Hi Mike, I like to think of it like this: imagine there was an extra dimension, but we couldn't move through it. Then for all practical purposes we could never detect it. Now imagine there was an extra dimension, but everyone and everything moved through it at the exact same speed. Again, there would be no way to detect it. But now imagine, there's an extra dimension, but everyone's total speed was the same (the speed of light), but not all of that speed has to go into the extra dimension, if you move in any other dimension you will go a little slower in the extra dimension. Imagine cars on the highway going exactly 60 mph, if they change lanes they'll fall slightly behind the other cars in the highway because they'll use up some if their speed to shift right or left. This is how we can detect the fourth dimension. Things that move in the x,y, or z dimensions fall slightly behind everything else in the t dimension. Does this help?
@@AlwaysAsking this other dimension would force higs boson field into a non a priori state into our dimension ! As galaxies attract matter !
But new models of time are being demonstrated now ! I lean towards lee smolins models at the moment
Baby, don't hurt me.
Don't hurt me no more.
I love such videos and this one especially is wonderfully made and explained.. however one thing that always drives me nuts with videos of this type, is the darn background music.. I mean.. piano and violins.. while explaining stuff.. as if i need to be somehow emotionally involved.. I don't get it. It might work for the rest of the people, i understand.. but personally i find it disorienting
Hi Emi, thanks for that feedback! I understand that point. If you prefer to listen to the audio track without music the linked Podcast in the video description is sans music.
@@AlwaysAsking oh, i didn't know.. Now I've found some really interesting stuff browsing through, thank you!
@@emipopescu3257 That's great to hear!
We don’t know if antimatter travels through time we just can’t rule it out! Feynman
In the end, all of our theories are just ideas which can be proven wrong in the future. The idea that antimatter is regular matter travelling backwards in time is one such idea. It fits with the facts and makes our description of particle interactions easier to explain and understand. You are correct this doesn't mean it is right!
@@AlwaysAsking tho it would concur with the block universe if low level energies can travel backwards i spose ! Or could it be the least energetic path to take n we only see higher energy particles? Im equivocating!
⏳🔭🚀
I like your avatar!
So I'm not short, I'm just going faster through time
You could also say that you are light-years tall -- in the fourth dimension.
Perhaps time is Observation ? Observation with a “ coherent " story !
Hi viewer! You might be on to something. There is a theory in science, gaining popularity, called the "Consistent Histories interpretation of quantum mechanics": en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consistent_histories You might like the episode on "Why does anything exist?" which also highlights the close and strange relation between observation and reality.
@@AlwaysAsking And perhaps Time may also be the “ Size of Space-Time in a Locality “ e.g. the size of a space ship going through space at a very high speed for example or a “ Local Size “ for a twin that remains on earth or near earth !
@@viewer3091 The time and space dimensions are interchangeable. What is time for one twin can be space for the other.
Time is the grease in the wheels of the Universe which without it could not function.
Very poetic Chris!
@@AlwaysAsking Thank you, I have often wondered what would be a good analogy to describe time and how it functions. I'm writing a paper on Time and the Wave Function Interference Pattern. Almost done, but not really sure who to send it to.
Thought provoking essay on Time. It seems to support theories on super connectivity, which proposes that all matter is interconnected and "knows" the status of all other matter. Studies in quantum mechanics bear this out. Past, present, and future exist as a single bock of cheese with the element of time as a sort of wave theory passing thru it, creating the illusion of what we experience as the present. Strange as this all seems, this idea is hugely compelling. I think it's true. Charles Dickens' "A Christmas Carrol" uses this notion, as does Lewis Carol's "Through the Looking Glass". " It's a poor sort of memory which only works backwards".
Hi Nick, thank you! PBS spacetime has a good video on causality that relates to how things are interconnected in the universe. Also, I really like that Lewis Carroll quote, thanks for pointing it out to me. It seems everyone in the universe may be stuck with such a poor type of memory.
The speed of light is not constant. But I cant prove it, I just know it:)
There's a Nobel prize in it for you if you could. The prize comes with a $1,000,000 too, if that's any motivation. ;-)
could we say Time is equal our speed minus the highest speed in the World till here is found (light speed) ,
Time = light speed - the current speed
E.g. Time in Miller Planet = 300,000 km - e.g 290,000 km
Hi @mohammadebhami8120, great question! The math of how spatial velocity and time velocity are related is not quite like that. They actually, when summed, can add to more than 1c. The math of time and space velocities is all the math of right triangles (triangles that contain one angle of 90 degrees). Any right triangle you can draw, represents a possible relationship between a space velocity and a time velocity.
The longest side of the right triangle will represent the spacetime velocity of the speed of light 300,000,000 meters a second, or 1c. The lengths of the two other sides will give you the corresponding speeds through time and through space.
As an example it is possible to draw a right triangle where the lengths of the sides are 1, 0.6, and 0.8. this could mean that at 80% the speed of light through space you go through time at 60% the normal speed. Or it could be interpreted to mean that at 60% the speed of light, you go through time at 80% the normal rate. Both are possible interpretations. But note also at these two velocities add up to 1.4, which shows the math of right triangles is not as simple as straight forward addition.
If you want to know exactly what the other speed is given one speed, then this is the calculation you perform (all values are in terms of the speed of light):
sqrt(1 - (v * v))
Where v is the velocity through space in a fraction of the speed of light, so far example at half the speed of light, v would be 0.5. and SQRT is the square root function you will find on most calculators.
I hope this helps!
The only time that can exist is now or the present. If the past , the present and the future all existed at the same TIME, that means you yourself since you exist would have to exist in all 3 at the same instant as well. Very unlikely ! And if all 3 did exist at the same time, what is it that makes the other 2 inaccessible ? But the ultimate implication of all 3 existing at the same instant of time, would have the net result of no existence being possible. It would be like a cat chasing its tail
The 3 yous, in the now, the 5 minutes ago, and the 5 minutes from now, are separated by "5 light minutes" of spacetime (90 million km). So just as different people can exist in different locations separated by space, and be unaware of each other and what the others are experiencing, the same could be true of different persons spread out across the dimension of time. Time and change still exist, all that is different in this view is that other points in time don't "cease existing". The ceasing existing really adds nothing in terms of your perception of this now. (what difference could it make to you in this present, if your past self ceases to exist or doesn't?)
The speed of light is not constant , it depends on the medium it passes through .
Hi ElmwoodParkHulk. Great catch, you're absolutely right! It should have said the "speed of light in a vacuum" is constant.
@@AlwaysAsking yes, I didn't catch that when I wrote my reply.
Mr. David Pearson I hope you realize half of the information quoted in this video a.k.a. article can be found in diamond Sutra apparently words of the Buddha why am I not surprisedBogoslowsky ?
Why the music?
😊😊😊😊
Time is a where not a when...
Exactly.
If nothing was to ever happen in the universe would that mean time didn’t exist ?
Some scientists think that. I think it was partly Einstein's belief that you needed two independent objects to have any concept of motion that led to his theory of relativity (motion only make sense in terms of relative motion between two objects, and is undefinable if you have only one thing). Likewise, using this same line of thinking, you could say time is only sensical if something can change. If the whole universe had only one electron in it, in what sense would time exist?
Hi rayzor rayzor,
The answer to that question is easier if you first rephrase the question.
I would t ask “if” nothing ever happens in the universe because the “block universe” view simply says that nothing ever DOES happen, it only appears to.
I also wouldn’t ask if “time dosnt exist” because it clearly does, but it’s the “flowing” or passage of time that is an illusion.
So if the question is “since nothing truly ‘happens’ in this static, four dimensional universe, is the flow of time an illusion?”
And then the answer can be a simple “yup!!!”
:)
@@leodiamondlegacy Well said!
In fact, the future does not exist EVER. The past is what the present no longer is. The future is what the present isn't yet. If all 3 existed simultaneously, you would yourself have to exist in all 3 at the same time, and talk about strange paradoxes, nothing would make any sense at all. Even the laws of physics would become meaningless. Example. In the present an object has motion, but in the future it has no motion. Combine the 2, and what is the object doing ? It can't both be in motion and motionless at the same time. This is only the tip of the iceberg in disproving that all 3 can exist simultaneously. By saying that the future already exists, is also saying that the universe already existed when it didn't. What in the world are these people smoking ? I'd like to try some
LOL (regarding smoking comment). I think the issue is the word "exist simultaneously" the English language wasn't designed to talk about atemporal perpetual existence. Interestingly, the ancient Greek did have a tense for this, called the aorist tense. Sicilian doesn't even have future tense. Imagine how difficult talking about time would be in that language. The best way to think about it (for me) is to see an analogy between different places, and different times. Each location in space has it's own notion of "here" and other locations are distant "theres", but here and there are not global properties, but relative to every location. The same is true of time. "now" and "present" are words like "here", they're still meaningful, but they are relative to whoever is speaking them. If someone else in a different time uses those words, they mean something else, just as two people in different spaces using the word "here" refer to different places. So to say everything exists simultaneously isn't quite the right phrasing, I would say all "nows" exist, each in their own times, just as all "heres" exist, each in their own spaces. I hope this helps. If not please feel free to ask more questions.
So are life form is really not hard wired to experience reality full on. Both disconcerting and hopeful.
I think we are hard-wired to collect berries and avoid lions, but somewhere along the way we developed language and ways of thinking abstractly. This gave us the side benefit of making progress in pondering topics far removed from basic survival needs. I think it is incredible how far we have been able to advance in our understanding of the cosmos. It is a reason to be hopeful. :-)
@@AlwaysAsking I guess a 4D Brain for a 4D plane of existence is the best we got to work with. And for what it’s worth , the last 20 or so of your views on this one alone have been me. Even the Beethoven is like a lullaby that calms the reptilian part of my brain so I can just take it all in.
Hey Victor, I hope that you can join us for the premiere for the next episode, which comes out tonight: th-cam.com/video/6hGH-roVl3w/w-d-xo.html :-)
I shared your video on Twitter. I have a new page in Twitter.
Thank you Andrey!
Sir when you are going to make new video?
I hope to have it published within the next two weeks. :-)
@@AlwaysAsking thanks
What if the world was alive with liveing matter and it could take you from yourself and imprison you within it...Then changed you or changed for you...allowing for humans to see the future of their own lives as wished for...I once saw madonna on a tv that was not even turned on and she was able to speak to me...
That sounds like a freaky experience. Do you recall what she said?
@@AlwaysAsking yes I Paintinting the outside of a block of flats in melbourne vic , I looked through a window and saw an old black and white tv...I saw madonna walking across the screen ( Nobody in the flat and the tv wasnt turned on) I said madonna is that you...yes she said stopping and Looking at me ... I was dumstruck , I new she was famous , I said to her can you help me get rich...she said I think I can..then I fell of the plank I was standing on and spilt paint on the concrete , I spent the rest of the day cleaning it up..Thats how it happend ...Years Later I see that she married Guy Ritchie and wondered what that was about...but I never talked to her like that again....
When I was 12 I saw her on our own black and white tv but she was 30 years older than me and in a show on stage ...yet she was born 1 month before me in 58...
Theres even more freaky stuff ..Like her girlie book materialising on the table under my hand..it disapeared after i stopped looking at it..