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US Cartridge, 20mm HEI. How it works
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 30 ก.ย. 2021
- This video shows you how 20mm projectile work when it is used. In live the projectile has rotation.
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#cartridge, #weapons, #ammo, #ammunition, #bullet, #weapon, #artillery, #antitank
Ahaaa, genius. I did always wonder how those things don't explode when grunts are tossing the ammo crates around like they are amazon packages.
Ammunition >=20mm has at least 3 safety devices. Usually linear g-forces as the round is pushed down the barrel. Spin from the rifling. Timer so the round can't explode too close to the gun (or even in the barrel). It is not clear but I would expect that safety ring probably needs linear g-forces on the ball to release the ring, and then spin to open it. The timer is then the ball precessing to align with the firing pin. The firing pin has the break-off flange to set a minimum force required to initiate the detonator. There is a lot happening inside. Nice animation. HEI = high-explosive-incendiary
Holy cow what a quality video. Short, to the point, and way more informative than it looks. This answered so many questions I never thought I had about explosive projectiles
I loaded thousands of these in Vietnam. Most of our B-57's had four 20 mm cannon. A normal load-out was HEI: it would easily destroy vehicles, structures and was deadly on personnel. I still have a 20 mm ammo can from my Air Force days.
I’ve always wondered how the detonation of an HE projectile worked? Very interesting.
AMAZING!! 🤩 thank you for sharing
Glad you liked it)))
i bit weirded out by the rotating thing inside a bullet-
This is a good invention. The rotor part requires precise manufacturing to ensure the operation of the fuse as a whole. This mechanism is often used in projectiles.
@@specialengineer2718 i was about to say something- but turns out yeah AA guns from ww2 use 20mils with rotors inside HEI rounds- im just weirded out by a bullet with electronics inside it- i mean 30-40 mm rounds dont have that-
@@Mr.hazu123 I've heard about using a 30mm rotor these days. In larger diameters, I did not meet the rotor, but I met rotary discs and clock mechanisms. Products with electronics are more expensive to use than mechanical products
Probably just so it can't detonate if dropped on the floor before firing etc, has to be spun by rifling to "arm"
@@untrust2033 spot on - it'll require a certain number of rotations (with the imposed spin from being shot down the rifling) to arm, that way it's basically impossible to hurt yourself - close range it's just a "dumb" round which will hurt but not explode. Accidental crush/damage/drop it's just inert.
Interesting how a more "regular" piece of ammunition looks so similar to a Hydrogen Bomb.
Many mechanisms have borrowed parts.
I ~kinda see that as well.....looked like that spherical piece was the "Primary Fuse" of the 'atomic bomb' portion, with the "Secondary Fuse" of the thermonuclear fuel in that "back casing"!!
We need one with a proximity fuse. They appear to have stopped development.
What caliber?
For 20mm?
Used to work at a place that made these. Lake City Army Ammunition Plant in Independence, Mo.
Did you like working there?
i did. was in mechanical maintenance. 10 years.
Cool.
i love that yo reply to comments
Thank you). Yes, also during transportation, careless handling, falling and etcetera.
“… and while being fired out of the gun, as it takes a few milliseconds for everything to get lined up, which means it needs to be fired and then leave the barrel before it’s able to go “bang!”
Actuall, my video has some inaccuracy: the rotor starts to rotate after leaving barrel, because the projectile in the barrel experiences axial overload. When the projectile stops gaining speed, the rotor begins to rotate
oh, thanks
So, basically safety via the requirement for very high g's to release the safety pin that alllows the time delayed primer to start spinning. Relatively elegant design.
For those of us with limited military background, some descriptive commentary would have been appreciated. Like, what is HEI? What does it do?
HEI means high-explosive incendiary. Basically, the projectile hits the target with fragments of its body.
A few others in case you come across them:
AP: Armor Penetrating: typically a solid shell with no fillers
API: Armor Piercing incindeary: A solid shell that ignites shortly after impact
HE: High explosive: Similar to this but in this one the explosive filler also starts fires
(HEI is this one)
APHE: A shell similar to this one, but the explosion is delayed with the intention that the shell has time to go deeper into armor first
APCR: Armor Piercing Composite Rigid: a small, heavily pointed solid shell meant to penetrate or perforate the strongest armor.
And of course utility stuff like smoke and tracers, tracers are lights that let the gunner see the shell in flight (usually has the suffix -T), and of course smoke shells to hide stuff from view.
Then there's a bunch of modern ones I'm not as familiar with, but this will cover most of the WW2 stuff.
Oh ok cool
Thanks)
what makes the safety ring detach from the rotor?
The round is spinning due to the rifling of the barrel so the centrifugal forces basically push away the safety ring from the rotor.
YT is scanning my mind?
Last couple of days, with Gaza tunnels on my mind, I imagined a round impact resistant time-fused 40mm hyperbaric.
I'm just a little confused.......
But, in WW2, USN vessels had 20mm shells.......... are these similar in design OR were those rounds just a "solid 'lead' shot"??
Serious Question....I need answer(s).
Interesting question. I will try to find information about that and write you
Projectiles for for Oerlikon 20 mm weapon:
HE Mark 3 Mods 1 to 64 (with fuze MK 26)
HE-I Mark 3 Mods 1 to 64 (with fuze MK 26)
HE-T Mark 4 Mods 1 to 28 (with fuze MK 26)
AP-T Mark 9 (without fuze)
AP-T M75 (without fuze)
and other
If you write me your email I will send you some part of the book
What is the EXACT designation of the round containing this projectile?
20mm HEI, M56A1 (M56A2, M56A3, M56A4)
So does the loader twist the safety to arm it, or does that happen as it is being put in the barrel by rifling or something?
No the safety ring opens up during the spin up (centrifugal force) allowing the rotor to spin on its axis and align with the striker.
Is that rotating thing for gyroscopic stability or safety ? It Seems uselessly overcomplicated .. it wouldn't be as drop safe but could just omit that fancy spinning ball thing for more explosive Material and put a thin crushable sheet metal cone cover over the fuze and an arming pull pin to keep it from going boom prematurely
The idea of using a rotor is that axial and centrifugal overloads are used simultaneously, occurring only when fired.
Proximity fuse
Not really, actually this is the impact fuze. But I want to animate some proximity fuze
This one is not a proximity fuse (variable time)..... point impact
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А также, как и Абрамс на Окраине - ...уево.
HEITSD is better
Ummm, isn't that a war crime? exploding bullets are forbidden...
20mm is a cannon, plus bullet designation is limited to below a given mass (in the realm of 500g if i remember correctly)
@@aber978 that bullet is no where near 500g, it's about half of that
No. these projectiles are not prohibited. They are very common and do not have specific features of hitting targets.
@aber978 is correct. Exploding bullets are prohibited in projectiles used in anti-personnel weapons such as pistols, rifles, machine guns. Yet .50 caliber guns are excluded because they are still classified as anti-aircraft munitions. It (the BMG/M2 round) and anything larger are classified as cannons and can use High Explosive, Armor Piercing, Incendiary and other such projectiles. But it is a given that all of these weapons are used against personnel all the time. Note: WWII hero Audie Murphy single-handedly killed over 100 German troops with an M2 .50 caliber machine gun while repulsing a German attack and received the Medal of Honor for his actions.