And the FIA sees this innovation and subsequently bans it. Now, the FIA complains about inability of the cars to follow each other, and the answer was found by Lotus in 1977! Its ground effect! Bring back ground effect FIA, it literally solves all the issues that Formula 1 currently has!
@@nolancain8792 I made this comment 2 years ago the same ground effect concept is returning this year. It’s gonna be awesome. I call these cars the Ground Effect gen 2 as from looks of it these cars might rely on ground effect more than above the car. Since groud effect is basically now unbanned.
Great video. The ground effect era has allways fascinated me. Hard to say if it's the most important discovery in F1. At it's time it was a revolution, but after 5 years it was banned. I think aerodynamics in general is one of the most important discoveries in F1. It has increased the corner speeds enormous. Another very important discovery is kevlar, which made the cars lighter, stronger and much safer.
+Circuits of the past They banned the skirts, but not ground effect. It's still very much there and in use. About 10% of the aero comes from wings and stuff you can see. 90% comes because of the shape of the underside of the car.
+Kneedragon1962 Yes, in 1983 they banned the skirt plates and required that the underside must be flat. Actually you can't ban ground effect because it's a natural phenomenon. Today's ground effect comes from the diffuser.
Actually, you probably mean high end carbon fiber composites, because Kevlar has very little application in racing, due to it being very weak under compression load (the fibers bow under compression).
Circuits of the past Yep, carbon fibre and Kevlar tubs. They helped make the cars faster because they were so stiff but most importantly, more than any other single innovation in F1, they have saved lives.
I have a Cosworth piston used in Sir Jackie Stewart's Tyrrell Ford in the 1971 season it came from no 4 cylinder . I also have the no 2 piston from the late great Ronnie Peterson's 1978 Lotus in the USA west Grand Prix the car was the first ever ground effect car designed by Peter Wright, Colin Chapman, Martin Ogilvie and Tony Rudd .I have considered selling them but I have no idea what the value would be . Does anybody have an idea .
funny how one of the most revolutionary f1 cars and one of the most revolutionary locomotives, the Gresley A4, both had some of their key features created through a lack of robustness in the plasticine wind tunnel models!
JPS and Lotus rock! They had some amazing drivers, Hill, Clark, Andretti, Rhindt, but Elio was my fav. Always finished, though not the fastest. Elio/JPS/Lotus should have one world championship under its belt.
such a beautiful car. couldn't help notice at 46 seconds, two Lotus in formation, but with 'Ronnie' ahead of 'Mario'. the irony being of course that Ronnie wasn't really allowed to pass Mario was he? Wasn't there some contractual agreement around sponsors that Mario would be number one driver so Ronnie spent most of that season following along behind. If my memory serves. Such a good driver, and a tragic loss, i'm sure Mario must know in his heart he inherited his title.
Great car, but Lotus F1 was 7 years late with vacuum side skirts. Jim Hall and his Chaparral 2J in 1970 used side skirts (flush to the track surface) to maximize negative pressure below the chassis. The aero technology was so good that the SCCA banned it the next year.
You're absolutely right. Further, it was Mario that brought the idea of running with stagger on the tires, something he'd done with sprint cars and some Indy cars. Other teams couldn't figure it out. By and large, so many of the biggest forward movements in racing have come from the USA then on to Europe, but the F-1 elites still pissed at the Colonies winning their independence in 1783 are still pissed about it. They've never quite given George Follmer (Shadow), Andretti (Lotus and Ferrari), Jim Hall (Lotus), Mark Donahue (McLaren / Penske / March) and Masten Gregory (everything) their due. I think there are any number of American drivers that could have gone F-1 if given the chance. Imagine a slim A.J. Foyt in an F-1 car !!...or Parnelli Jones. They'd have been like Montoya; no shit from a bunch of stuck up stars.
bin damals in der kurve nach der schikane am österreichringring am zaun gestanden - nach drei autos hab ich das weite gesucht - die waren in dem eck so sauschnell das es mir zu gefährlich wurde ...
Carros maravilhosos nessa época.... Lotus é Lenda na F1. Emerson Fittipaldi - Campeão do Mundo com Lotus (o mais jovem à época) e a equipe da primeira vitória de Ayrton Senna na F1. Grande referência e devoção dos Brasileiros por esta fantástica equipe e por Colin Chapman.
Lotus is a traditional British team. It is noteworthy that there have been many legends in Lotus, such as Ayrton Senna, Jim Clark, Ronnie Peterson, Graham Hill, Nigel Mansell, Mika Häkkinen, Kimi Räikkönen etc. But also many Finnish drivers. Mika Häkkinen (1991-1992), Mika Salo (1994), Heikki Kovalainen (2010-2011), and Kimi Räikkönen (2012-2013).
Jim Hall is the godfather of "ground effects" pioneering the idea in the late 1960's on his famous Chapparal, in the early 1970 Hall went to Indianapolis with his knowledge and revolutionized racing there, any conversation about the origin or principals of ground effects cannot be held honestly without acknowledgement of Jim Hall pioneering the idea and proving it's effectiveness. Jim Hall actually was the pioneer of the high mounted wing, his Chapparal Can Am series cars were always bringing new ideas to the sport, Hall's fertile mind also pioneered the articulated high mounted wing giving the the best of both worlds, steep angle for braking and cornering, leveled out for reduction of straight line drag for incredible top speed.
Jim Hall is the most under appreciated innovator of racing technology. Most of his creations ran for for a relatively short time before they were banned, because they were ahead of their time. The Chaparral CJ2 the old vacuum cleaner car was so far ahead of it's time that when it was brought to the track the sanctioning body and fellow racers scoffed at it until it went out on the track. Jim Hall belongs on the Mt Rushmore of American racing innovation with perhaps my own choices of Dan Gurney and Don Garlits and maybe Penske but the original post is spot on . Jim Hall was working with ground effects long before anyone else
Lotus' discovery? LOL!!! If you could ask Peter Wright and Tony Rudd where and when they "discovered" downforce, they'd answer Bourne, Lincolnshire (BRM factory), 1969.
No, I would not say it is the most important discover in the history of F1. It was a unique innovation (particularly the side skirts - something previous sculpted underbody cars had not employed), but it pales in comparison to things like the rear engine revolution. In the end, ground effect was just another form of aerofoil... albeit a very efficient one. Great video though, thank you.
Sad but true. Perhaps only a few sanctioned disciplines outside of F1 allow for creative engineering. Ben Bowlby Delta wing, and the FWD GTR LMP1 car are far and few in between. Both rather unsuccessful.
+BurnDuration plenty of creative engineering today.. The problem that exists today, is that everyone knows soo much.. So finding the night and day revolutionary next big thing isn't going to happen like this again.. It will be only small details that help a little here, and a another minor detail that helps a little combined to give an edge.. It's just changed today everyone knows the tech.. Not the same as back then as when this was unheard of..
tbh, skirts were a major safety problem. Drivers died of this technology, and it showed to be too dangerous for F1. F1 is about pure racing, but you'd possibly also want to keep more than 50% of the drivers alive for the next season.. (exaggerated, yeye). There are simply so many fatal accidents that could happen with the failure of skirts..
Terje Lindtveit Well the GroundEffect combined with the Aluminium chassis back then that was a dangerous combination. They were much faster than ever but as Safe as ever. Or unsafe.
What the heck!!! Where is the recognition of Jim Hall's ground-effects work with the Chaparral 2J in 1970, or Mario Andretti's March 701 in 1970, where he removed the side-pods to see what effect it would have and suddenly lost traction, realizing that the side-pods were acting as downforce. Lotus did not create downforce, but they did revise it and realize it to its full effect. This is another example of the Eurocentric views always espoused by the F-1 crowd; in its worst form always denouncing the driving talent of Andretti.
I've watched multiple videos about how Lotus invented the fan car with no mention of Jim Hall. It's honestly frustrating that he doesn't get the credit he rightfully deserves.
William Brown What does Jim Hall deserve credit for that has anything to do with this car? Nothing. Very clever man, Jim Hall. Pretty decent driver too. But Hall wasn’t working with wing profiles and end plates (which is what skirts are). So spare us the “everything invented in America” nonsense. It just makes you look like a bitch.
Lotus did not invent ground effect. Military planes used ground effect for low altitude lift over water in the 1950s, and before that biologists defined it as the reason some heavy birds flew so low to water with wing tips aimed down. March almost developed it in 72, but did not use skirts.
Aircraft and birds use ground effect to reduce drag by flying at a very low altitude ( the birds have known about it for thousands if not millions of years). This is not really relevant to the use of ground effect to increase tyre grip in a car.
Hang on. When a fluid passes through a constriction the pressure INCRESSES. not decresses, right? The force is the same, but since the area is smaller the pressure goes up. The velocity descresses when the fluid goes through a constriction. If I'm wrong please correct me, but I remember that from high school because it blew my mind that the velocity goes down and I had an arguement with a teacher until I finally understood
ArgieGrit01 no when air is passing through a constriction, it is forced to accelerate. Similar to when you hold your finger to a hose and the water comes out very quickly because it forced to travel in a tight space. This is called the Venturi effect. Collin chapman turned the concept of an plane wing upside down. With a plane wing air gets split into 2 and goes above and beneath the wing. The air that goes above the wing is forced to accelerate because of the curve the wing has. Faster moving air has low pressure because the particles are more separated. Having less air in a space means the air has lower pressure. The air traveling beneath travels slower, therefore having a higher pressure. This higher pressure beneath the wing creates lift. And this is what keeps the plane in the air. If you turn that concept upside down and use put underneath the car it will promote the opposite to lift. The air traveling underneath is being forced into a constricted space so the air travels much faster. Again, the Venturi effect is present in this situation. The faster air beneath has low pressure and the air above has high pressure. The higher pressure forces the car down into the ground, producing a lot of downforce. The more downforce enables you to carry more speed into comers.
ArgieGrit01 There are two kinds of pressure: static pressure (the air pressure that is all around you) and dynamic pressure (pressure created by the speed you are travelling at). In the subsonic world, as dynamic pressure increases, static pressure decreases. If you look at an aerofoil travelling through the air, there is a large suction bubble above the wing created by the forward velocity and the need for the air to get out of the way. Hence lift.
Well, not to bash or anything, but ground effect was used already in the aerospace sector for 20 years until it was "discovered" by Lotus. Look up ekranoplanes, if you want to know more.
Vince van D They never said Lotus discovered it first, he actually said in the video that the concept already existed in aeronautics, but the only thing that surprised chapman was how effective it is not the discovery of the effect.
Vince van D Ground effect has been know in aviation since people started to fly. Anyone who has flown a powered aircraft or a glider knows what it is. It’s the cushion of air which forms under a moving wing as it gets close to the ground, the effect can be experienced at altitudes up to seven times the chord width of the aerofoil. In any case, this is in reverse.
Since they started worrying more about safety than performance watching racing has become a bore. The whole point of racing and innovation is taking your cars to the next level, regardless of whether it increases performance or speed. The BS line why we should be watching now is seeing driving performance, but what they do not understand is what are called Biorhythms. A winning driver may have to race on a day that he or she is not up to the needed performance of a driver because his biorhythms may have indicated by its sine-wave curve that he should have waited just a few more days when he was at the top of that cine-wave, what is called the top or recoup portion of the sine-wave curve. Only a driver who is continually monitored through many races may reveal that he has great talent that is above the tribulations of having to put up with our normal biorhythmic patterns. I would prefer to watch racing which allows all types innovations on specific car designs like that car with a much greater downward force. I remember many years ago they also disallowed the car with the small Turbine engine which ran away from all the other cars. Too heavily controlled racing eventually has everyone using the same basic design with the same basic talent, where the winner wins more often than not by attrition and not because he has a far better car. If they want to bring a larger segment of our society into going to the races, they must allow innovation to take center stage. Part of the excitement of racing is the risk drivers must face from each other as the jockey for position. If they crash and burn, then so be it. Maybe they should take a a hint from the TT Races in the Isle of Man. Everyone knows the risk and everyone basically accepts that they may lose two to three men to accidents per year. We enjoy watching the risk takers not the fat and happy sitting in their generic cars with speed limiters. RACING HAS BECOME A JOKE MY FRIENDS !!!
Rumple Stiltskin Sine waves? Are you really serious? And racing can be exciting even when every single driver gets the same car. First season of formula e was quite interesting even though the cars were nearly identical.
You obviously know nothing of the history of this car or ground effects in F1. This car was never banned but allowed to retire and rusticate in peace. When ground effects were eventually banned, Ferrari were, in fact, the dominant team. What did they have to gain from such a ban? Nothing.
Formula One was a proving ground for risk-taking designs. Formula One was a competition of human cleverness. NOT ANY MORE. I stopped watching when the large manufacturers coerced over-regulation of it. Do you think there is a lot of cleverness, quick-decision-making and risk-taking design at the large manufacturers? Or are there "turf battles", "office politics", "lots of meetings to discuss" Big companies buy small companies that innovate. Why? Because big companies are really, really bad at innovation. WHY IS THAT? Why are big companies so bad at innovating, cleverness, and risk-taking design? 1) OFFICE POLITICS 2) TURF BATTLES 3) LOTS OF MEETINGS Now, if you do not have personal experience working at both large companies, and small companies, you may not know this. You may not know that 'corporate inertia' and lack of innovation forces large businesses to buy small businesses for innovation. WHY DO LARGE BUSINESSES BUY SMALL BUSINESSES FOR THEIR INNOVATIONS? 1) because "Manager Jim" in the large business does not want "Manager Bill" looking better than he does or maybe Manager Jim will not get promoted. Innovations are often killed off because they threaten an ENTRENCHED MANAGER'S CAREER PROSPECTS. If "Manager Jim" is better at playing office politics than the innovator Manager Bill, GUESS WHAT HAPPENS to Manager Bill's innovations. SHIT CANNED that's what. 2) also, when the entire staff of the small innovative company are not part of the large corporation's established 'pecking order' they're seen as less of a threat. Most small company founders last a year or two after the buy-out then the office politics kills their spirit and they QUIT so they can build a new small innovative company again. Formula One allowed big, slow-moving, office-poltiics-riddled manufacturers to kill that sport. Many of us stopped watching it years ago for that reason. "Let's coerce the FIA to adopt our new powetrain!" says the big manufacturer. KILLED THE SPORT. - no more dynamic, surprising, risk-taking technology from year to year, even from RACE TO RACE - one, two teams put everyone else out of business, all the small teams NO HUMAN CLEVERNESS IS ALLOWED TO SURFACE. It is RACING by LEGISLATION. If I were running F1 I'd cap every team's budget at a reasonable number - such as the budget of the smallest team from last year. Next, I would end all personal lobbying between the big companies and FIA officials. Then I would relax most of the engine and chassis rules. Finally, there would be a new award each year for "Most innovative technology at lowest budget" In my dreams I'd tell mercedes et al to TAKE A FREAKING HIKE. WE'RE NEVER GOING TO HAVE ANOTHER: - Dan Gurney Eagle - Bruce McLaren - Colin Chapman - Ken Tyrrel And so on. If this sport cannot pull its head out of its ass, human cleverness will stay FAR AWAY from Formula One.
@@thethirdman225 F1 sucks, dude. You should have been there in the 1980s when 1500cc (that's 1.5 liters) 4-cylinder F1 cars put out 1400hp in qualifying trim. Then came the 20,000rpm engines that were PERFECT for a spectator sport - a sound you could not get from any other sport. It was EXCLUSIVE to F1. F1 sucks bauls. Never never ever again. By the time they pull their heads outta their asses it will be too late - gasoline engines will be history. Anyone watching Formula E? NOOOOOOOOO
Anthony J. You have no idea, do you? Ferrari did not ban this. Ferrari did not apply pressure to ban this. Read about it before you post stupid and unfounded conspiracies.
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Lotus 78 - ground effects.
Lotus 49 - engine as a stressed structural member.
Lotus 25 - fully stressed monocoque chassis.
Fickin' Lotus, man.
+Treetop64 Didn´t they start with flexible aero parts as well? i´m pretty sure that was pioneered by Lotus, but I can´t remember for sure.
Treetop64 lotus is awesome
What about the Lotus 72? Side mounted radiators.
Treetop64 and active suspension as well
Dont forget the lotus 56..... they made a fucking jet powered car that goes up to 57 fucking thousand rpm
And the FIA sees this innovation and subsequently bans it. Now, the FIA complains about inability of the cars to follow each other, and the answer was found by Lotus in 1977! Its ground effect! Bring back ground effect FIA, it literally solves all the issues that Formula 1 currently has!
got good news for you pal
Well. Guess what’s back in 2021
Vignesh Balasubramaniam You’re full of it.
@@c3gfboy7 the 2022 car only amplifies it.
@@nolancain8792 I made this comment 2 years ago the same ground effect concept is returning this year. It’s gonna be awesome. I call these cars the Ground Effect gen 2 as from looks of it these cars might rely on ground effect more than above the car. Since groud effect is basically now unbanned.
Great video. The ground effect era has allways fascinated me. Hard to say if it's the most important discovery in F1. At it's time it was a revolution, but after 5 years it was banned. I think aerodynamics in general is one of the most important discoveries in F1. It has increased the corner speeds enormous. Another very important discovery is kevlar, which made the cars lighter, stronger and much safer.
+Circuits of the past They banned the skirts, but not ground effect. It's still very much there and in use. About 10% of the aero comes from wings and stuff you can see. 90% comes because of the shape of the underside of the car.
+Kneedragon1962 Yes, in 1983 they banned the skirt plates and required that the underside must be flat. Actually you can't ban ground effect because it's a natural phenomenon. Today's ground effect comes from the diffuser.
Actually, you probably mean high end carbon fiber composites, because Kevlar has very little application in racing, due to it being very weak under compression load (the fibers bow under compression).
Circuits of the past Yep, carbon fibre and Kevlar tubs. They helped make the cars faster because they were so stiff but most importantly, more than any other single innovation in F1, they have saved lives.
I have a Cosworth piston used in Sir Jackie Stewart's Tyrrell Ford in the 1971 season it came from no 4 cylinder . I also have the no 2 piston from the late great Ronnie Peterson's 1978 Lotus in the USA west Grand Prix the car was the first ever ground effect car designed by Peter Wright, Colin Chapman, Martin Ogilvie and Tony Rudd .I have considered selling them but I have no idea what the value would be . Does anybody have an idea .
funny how one of the most revolutionary f1 cars and one of the most revolutionary locomotives, the Gresley A4, both had some of their key features created through a lack of robustness in the plasticine wind tunnel models!
Not only those cars are technologicaly great but they also very pretty, I love these Lotuses in JPS livery
Imagine the ground effect of the late 70's with the turbo engines of the 80's and the electronics of the early 90's. The perfect F1 car.
Buddy do I have news for you
@@Jerraldough i was just about to say :D
Plus active sus.: overwhelm speed..
@@Jerraldough :)
They just need to R&D drugs for drivers to sustain more g forces
Lotus 79. The most beautiful formula 1 car ever!!😁😁🇬🇧
Is this the most important discovery in the history of Formula 1? Let us know in the comments
+Goodwood Road & Racing rear spoilers would be.... since they are the only thing that never got banned
+Goodwood Road & Racing Colin Chapman - If it's not there, it can't flex, it can't break and it can't go wrong. Genius.
+Goodwood Road & Racing thats bernoulli's princi'ple' right?
+Kneedragon1962 لدى
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+Kneedragon1962 لدى
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Team Lotus where the greatest pioneers in F1 history. They created F1 cars as we know them. Colin and Lotus will be sadly missed.
Loved the shots of the 79's with their stand-in drivers @ Goodwood. Brings back some very pleasant memories.
Fantastic! More videos like this please.
Came from the final episode of Top Gear Season 27, and I'm not disappointed at all! What a machine.
Your dad was a genius !
Genius, I love this stuff, it gets me so fired up and intrigued.
JPS and Lotus rock! They had some amazing drivers, Hill, Clark, Andretti, Rhindt, but Elio was my fav. Always finished, though not the fastest. Elio/JPS/Lotus should have one world championship under its belt.
De Angelis was usually faster than Mansell in the same car. But because he wasn’t British, nobody seemed to notice.
Lotus also made Chris Bordman's monocoque track bike, an absolute beauty of engineering!
Most important discovery was moving the engine behind the driver.
Chapman's masterpiece
such a beautiful car. couldn't help notice at 46 seconds, two Lotus in formation, but with 'Ronnie' ahead of 'Mario'. the irony being of course that Ronnie wasn't really allowed to pass Mario was he? Wasn't there some contractual agreement around sponsors that Mario would be number one driver so Ronnie spent most of that season following along behind. If my memory serves. Such a good driver, and a tragic loss, i'm sure Mario must know in his heart he inherited his title.
He couldn’t celebrate it because the day after he won it, Ronnie - who by then was his best friend -died in hospital.
Look at his Austria drive 78 with his godlike car control
Great car, but Lotus F1 was 7 years late with vacuum side skirts. Jim Hall and his Chaparral 2J in 1970 used side skirts (flush to the track surface) to maximize negative pressure below the chassis. The aero technology was so good that the SCCA banned it the next year.
+Matt Osbourne fail
did the chaparral not also use a fan, to keep a constant amount of downforce at all times?
The 2J was more akin to the Brabham "fan car". Colin and his team were years ahead of hanging a 2-stroke engine off the back!
Matt Osbourne no they banned engines that didnt drive the vehicle which eliminated the vacuum effect that made the car so good on the track
You're absolutely right. Further, it was Mario that brought the idea of running with stagger on the tires, something he'd done with sprint cars and some Indy cars. Other teams couldn't figure it out. By and large, so many of the biggest forward movements in racing have come from the USA then on to Europe, but the F-1 elites still pissed at the Colonies winning their independence in 1783 are still pissed about it. They've never quite given George Follmer (Shadow), Andretti (Lotus and Ferrari), Jim Hall (Lotus), Mark Donahue (McLaren / Penske / March) and Masten Gregory (everything) their due. I think there are any number of American drivers that could have gone F-1 if given the chance. Imagine a slim A.J. Foyt in an F-1 car !!...or Parnelli Jones. They'd have been like Montoya; no shit from a bunch of stuck up stars.
bin damals in der kurve nach der schikane am österreichringring am zaun gestanden - nach drei autos hab ich das weite gesucht - die waren in dem eck so sauschnell das es mir zu gefährlich wurde ...
Agree and the mid 70,s up to the mid 80,s F1,s are my favorite,s anyway
Oh, Lotus. You continue to amaze me.
70s lotus are the best looking f1 cars😍
Ferrari 312 T2 looks better lol
Carros maravilhosos nessa época.... Lotus é Lenda na F1.
Emerson Fittipaldi - Campeão do Mundo com Lotus (o mais jovem à época) e a equipe da primeira vitória de Ayrton Senna na F1. Grande referência e devoção dos Brasileiros por esta fantástica equipe e por Colin Chapman.
Type 78 is sooooo sexy. Especially the black and gold John Player cars.
Lotus is a traditional British team. It is noteworthy that there have been many legends in Lotus, such as Ayrton Senna, Jim Clark, Ronnie Peterson, Graham Hill, Nigel Mansell, Mika Häkkinen, Kimi Räikkönen etc. But also many Finnish drivers. Mika Häkkinen (1991-1992), Mika Salo (1994), Heikki Kovalainen (2010-2011), and Kimi Räikkönen (2012-2013).
Personally, I don't really count Lotus GP as a part of the original Lotus.
Jim Hall is the godfather of "ground effects" pioneering the idea in the late 1960's on his famous Chapparal, in the early 1970 Hall went to Indianapolis with his knowledge and revolutionized racing there, any conversation about the origin or principals of ground effects cannot be held honestly without acknowledgement of Jim Hall pioneering the idea and proving it's effectiveness.
Jim Hall actually was the pioneer of the high mounted wing, his Chapparal Can Am series cars were always bringing new ideas to the sport, Hall's fertile mind also pioneered the articulated high mounted wing giving the the best of both worlds, steep angle for braking and cornering, leveled out for reduction of straight line drag for incredible top speed.
Jim Hall is the most under appreciated innovator of racing technology. Most of his creations ran for for a relatively short time before they were banned, because they were ahead of their time. The Chaparral CJ2 the old vacuum cleaner car was so far ahead of it's time that when it was brought to the track the sanctioning body and fellow racers scoffed at it until it went out on the track. Jim Hall belongs on the Mt Rushmore of American racing innovation with perhaps my own choices of Dan Gurney and Don Garlits and maybe Penske but the original post is spot on . Jim Hall was working with ground effects long before anyone else
MerlinxPV Jim Hall was using a totally different principle. He was not dealing with wing profiles and end plates (skirts).
A couple of years later Johnny Rutherford won the Indianapolis 500 in a March which also used ground effects.
Clive makes a marvels teacher.
Lotus' discovery? LOL!!! If you could ask Peter Wright and Tony Rudd where and when they "discovered" downforce, they'd answer Bourne, Lincolnshire (BRM factory), 1969.
To see an example of this ground effect is by dropping a sheet of paper and you will see it tense to float above the floor a bit.
No, I would not say it is the most important discover in the history of F1. It was a unique innovation (particularly the side skirts - something previous sculpted underbody cars had not employed), but it pales in comparison to things like the rear engine revolution.
In the end, ground effect was just another form of aerofoil... albeit a very efficient one. Great video though, thank you.
The engineering prowess of Lotus is unparalleled. There is no Colin Chapman of today who can add lightness and think outside common constraints.
Today you arent allowed in racing to do this.
Sad but true. Perhaps only a few sanctioned disciplines outside of F1 allow for creative engineering. Ben Bowlby Delta wing, and the FWD GTR LMP1 car are far and few in between. Both rather unsuccessful.
+BurnDuration plenty of creative engineering today.. The problem that exists today, is that everyone knows soo much.. So finding the night and day revolutionary next big thing isn't going to happen like this again.. It will be only small details that help a little here, and a another minor detail that helps a little combined to give an edge.. It's just changed today everyone knows the tech.. Not the same as back then as when this was unheard of..
tbh, skirts were a major safety problem. Drivers died of this technology, and it showed to be too dangerous for F1. F1 is about pure racing, but you'd possibly also want to keep more than 50% of the drivers alive for the next season.. (exaggerated, yeye). There are simply so many fatal accidents that could happen with the failure of skirts..
Terje Lindtveit
Well the GroundEffect combined with the Aluminium chassis back then that was a dangerous combination. They were much faster than ever but as Safe as ever. Or unsafe.
C.Chapman was either a genius or he got credited for other people ideas
Ground effect was Peter Wright’s discovery. I don’t think Chapman ever claimed the credit for it but he seemed happy to let others believe it was him.
Brilliant vid guys more more more.
please
Quality vid. Thx.
it also depends on the color of the car: best effect if it's green
Lotus 78:
"When all started..."
And now there is a word that Ground Effect will be back for 2021 season.
It’s confirmed. Ground effect has been revived
Marko Stc No skirts.
Colin Chapman,the genius! (gordon murray too).
cool, the best innovations are always accidents, and thus surprises.
It back 2022 ground effects your Father must be smiling
2:48 damn,I thought this was Bernoullis principle, but in truth his principal did all the work?
British excellence at it's quiet, understated best.
Great Colin Chapman
What the heck!!! Where is the recognition of Jim Hall's ground-effects work with the Chaparral 2J in 1970, or Mario Andretti's March 701 in 1970, where he removed the side-pods to see what effect it would have and suddenly lost traction, realizing that the side-pods were acting as downforce. Lotus did not create downforce, but they did revise it and realize it to its full effect. This is another example of the Eurocentric views always espoused by the F-1 crowd; in its worst form always denouncing the driving talent of Andretti.
I've watched multiple videos about how Lotus invented the fan car with no mention of Jim Hall. It's honestly frustrating that he doesn't get the credit he rightfully deserves.
@@thunder1827
Don't you mean Brabham when you mention the fan car?
William Brown What does Jim Hall deserve credit for that has anything to do with this car? Nothing. Very clever man, Jim Hall. Pretty decent driver too. But Hall wasn’t working with wing profiles and end plates (which is what skirts are). So spare us the “everything invented in America” nonsense. It just makes you look like a bitch.
@@thunder1827 Nobody claimed Lotus invented the fan car.
Someone should come up with a Formula Open class where almost anything goes.
Be a lot of dead drivers but that would be wild. 230 through the chicanes lol
Saudades...
was this better then modern down force on F1 Cars?
Of course not.
Skirts are banned. If they were not... Think it would improve existing cars BUT: Modern F1 cars are designed to utilize ground effect w.o. skirts.
Lotus did not invent ground effect. Military planes used ground effect for low altitude lift over water in the 1950s, and before that biologists defined it as the reason some heavy birds flew so low to water with wing tips aimed down. March almost developed it in 72, but did not use skirts.
Nobody invented ground effect. It was always there as a law of physics. Humankind discovered and harnessed it long after evolution did.
Aircraft and birds use ground effect to reduce drag by flying at a very low altitude ( the birds have known about it for thousands if not millions of years). This is not really relevant to the use of ground effect to increase tyre grip in a car.
Ant then came active suspension.
Brilliant, too bad all racing venues discourage engineering.
Hang on. When a fluid passes through a constriction the pressure INCRESSES. not decresses, right? The force is the same, but since the area is smaller the pressure goes up. The velocity descresses when the fluid goes through a constriction. If I'm wrong please correct me, but I remember that from high school because it blew my mind that the velocity goes down and I had an arguement with a teacher until I finally understood
ArgieGrit01 no when air is passing through a constriction, it is forced to accelerate. Similar to when you hold your finger to a hose and the water comes out very quickly because it forced to travel in a tight space. This is called the Venturi effect. Collin chapman turned the concept of an plane wing upside down. With a plane wing air gets split into 2 and goes above and beneath the wing. The air that goes above the wing is forced to accelerate because of the curve the wing has. Faster moving air has low pressure because the particles are more separated. Having less air in a space means the air has lower pressure. The air traveling beneath travels slower, therefore having a higher pressure. This higher pressure beneath the wing creates lift. And this is what keeps the plane in the air. If you turn that concept upside down and use put underneath the car it will promote the opposite to lift. The air traveling underneath is being forced into a constricted space so the air travels much faster. Again, the Venturi effect is present in this situation. The faster air beneath has low pressure and the air above has high pressure. The higher pressure forces the car down into the ground, producing a lot of downforce. The more downforce enables you to carry more speed into comers.
ArgieGrit01 There are two kinds of pressure: static pressure (the air pressure that is all around you) and dynamic pressure (pressure created by the speed you are travelling at). In the subsonic world, as dynamic pressure increases, static pressure decreases. If you look at an aerofoil travelling through the air, there is a large suction bubble above the wing created by the forward velocity and the need for the air to get out of the way. Hence lift.
BERNOULLI'S PRINCIPAL
*_FACEPALM_*
Please explain.
LOL. Lotus designers found "Ground Effects" because of shitty glue. What luck.
U all obviously love your cars if u could drive 3 formula one cars what would they be?
GE was very dangerous and probably killed Gilles.
margus kiis not probably, definatley
The video isn't great, but didn't Gilles hit the rear of Jochen's car? Not really connected to ground-effect that I can see.
margus kiis Gilles killed Gilles.
Well, not to bash or anything, but ground effect was used already in the aerospace sector for 20 years until it was "discovered" by Lotus. Look up ekranoplanes, if you want to know more.
Vince van D They never said Lotus discovered it first, he actually said in the video that the concept already existed in aeronautics, but the only thing that surprised chapman was how effective it is not the discovery of the effect.
Vince van D Ground effect has been know in aviation since people started to fly. Anyone who has flown a powered aircraft or a glider knows what it is. It’s the cushion of air which forms under a moving wing as it gets close to the ground, the effect can be experienced at altitudes up to seven times the chord width of the aerofoil. In any case, this is in reverse.
@@thethirdman225 Birds have known about it much longer than that.
@@kennethhawley1063 That’s lucid…
Modern days F1 cars looks like shitboxes if you compare to this beauty.
Since they started worrying more about safety than performance watching racing has become a bore. The whole point of racing and innovation is taking your cars to the next level, regardless of whether it increases performance or speed. The BS line why we should be watching now is seeing driving performance, but what they do not understand is what are called Biorhythms.
A winning driver may have to race on a day that he or she is not up to the needed performance of a driver because his biorhythms may have indicated by its sine-wave curve that he should have waited just a few more days when he was at the top of that cine-wave, what is called the top or recoup portion of the sine-wave curve. Only a driver who is continually monitored through many races may reveal that he has great talent that is above the tribulations of having to put up with our normal biorhythmic patterns.
I would prefer to watch racing which allows all types innovations on specific car designs like that car with a much greater downward force. I remember many years ago they also disallowed the car with the small Turbine engine which ran away from all the other cars.
Too heavily controlled racing eventually has everyone using the same basic design with the same basic talent, where the winner wins more often than not by attrition and not because he has a far better car. If they want to bring a larger segment of our society into going to the races, they must allow innovation to take center stage. Part of the excitement of racing is the risk drivers must face from each other as the jockey for position. If they crash and burn, then so be it. Maybe they should take a a hint from the TT Races in the Isle of Man. Everyone knows the risk and everyone basically accepts that they may lose two to three men to accidents per year. We enjoy watching the risk takers not the fat and happy sitting in their generic cars with speed limiters. RACING HAS BECOME A JOKE MY FRIENDS !!!
Rumple Stiltskin Sine waves? Are you really serious?
And racing can be exciting even when every single driver gets the same car. First season of formula e was quite interesting even though the cars were nearly identical.
Rumple Stiltskin ...🤦♂️
I guess you could say that this car really, SUCKS.
I have no life.
Thanks Ferrari! You always ruin innovation in F1!
You obviously know nothing of the history of this car or ground effects in F1. This car was never banned but allowed to retire and rusticate in peace. When ground effects were eventually banned, Ferrari were, in fact, the dominant team. What did they have to gain from such a ban? Nothing.
Formula One was a proving ground for risk-taking designs. Formula One was a competition of human cleverness.
NOT ANY MORE. I stopped watching when the large manufacturers coerced over-regulation of it.
Do you think there is a lot of cleverness, quick-decision-making and risk-taking design at the large manufacturers?
Or are there "turf battles", "office politics", "lots of meetings to discuss"
Big companies buy small companies that innovate. Why? Because big companies are really, really bad at innovation.
WHY IS THAT? Why are big companies so bad at innovating, cleverness, and risk-taking design?
1) OFFICE POLITICS
2) TURF BATTLES
3) LOTS OF MEETINGS
Now, if you do not have personal experience working at both large companies, and small companies, you may not know this.
You may not know that 'corporate inertia' and lack of innovation forces large businesses to buy small businesses for innovation.
WHY DO LARGE BUSINESSES BUY SMALL BUSINESSES FOR THEIR INNOVATIONS?
1) because "Manager Jim" in the large business does not want "Manager Bill" looking better than he does or maybe Manager Jim will not get promoted. Innovations are often killed off because they threaten an ENTRENCHED MANAGER'S CAREER PROSPECTS. If "Manager Jim" is better at playing office politics than the innovator Manager Bill, GUESS WHAT HAPPENS to Manager Bill's innovations. SHIT CANNED that's what.
2) also, when the entire staff of the small innovative company are not part of the large corporation's established 'pecking order' they're seen as less of a threat. Most small company founders last a year or two after the buy-out then the office politics kills their spirit and they QUIT so they can build a new small innovative company again.
Formula One allowed big, slow-moving, office-poltiics-riddled manufacturers to kill that sport.
Many of us stopped watching it years ago for that reason. "Let's coerce the FIA to adopt our new powetrain!" says the big manufacturer.
KILLED THE SPORT.
- no more dynamic, surprising, risk-taking technology from year to year, even from RACE TO RACE
- one, two teams put everyone else out of business, all the small teams
NO HUMAN CLEVERNESS IS ALLOWED TO SURFACE. It is RACING by LEGISLATION.
If I were running F1 I'd cap every team's budget at a reasonable number - such as the budget of the smallest team from last year. Next, I would end all personal lobbying between the big companies and FIA officials.
Then I would relax most of the engine and chassis rules.
Finally, there would be a new award each year for "Most innovative technology at lowest budget"
In my dreams I'd tell mercedes et al to TAKE A FREAKING HIKE.
WE'RE NEVER GOING TO HAVE ANOTHER:
- Dan Gurney Eagle
- Bruce McLaren
- Colin Chapman
- Ken Tyrrel
And so on. If this sport cannot pull its head out of its ass, human cleverness will stay FAR AWAY from Formula One.
History will show you to be a crashing bore.
@@thethirdman225 F1 sucks, dude. You should have been there in the 1980s when 1500cc (that's 1.5 liters) 4-cylinder F1 cars put out 1400hp in qualifying trim.
Then came the 20,000rpm engines that were PERFECT for a spectator sport - a sound you could not get from any other sport. It was EXCLUSIVE to F1.
F1 sucks bauls. Never never ever again. By the time they pull their heads outta their asses it will be too late - gasoline engines will be history.
Anyone watching Formula E? NOOOOOOOOO
Too bad Ferrari keeps banning everything
Anthony J. too bad it killed people you mean
Anthony J. You have no idea, do you? Ferrari did not ban this. Ferrari did not apply pressure to ban this. Read about it before you post stupid and unfounded conspiracies.