As of 2024, the Teutonic Order (which is now a Catholic religious order) and the Knight Hospitaller (as the Sovereign Military Order of Malta) still exist, with Knight Hospitaller having their current headquarters in Rome, and Teutonic Order having their current headquarters in Vienna.
@@micajahstewart9212 This is not an abrahamic thing, you can see this behavior in the small scale as well like when a warlord tries to unite a bunch of tribes who are speaking the same language. They all start the campaign against a foreigner force and once it is defeated, they attack their own people with the hopes of uniting them
@@Hunter-e7e you got a very good point there, usually after a foreign or outside force is defeated or not available (either too distant or too powerful) then it’s time to get the other aspects of your society on your particular track of how you want to run things. Such as the civil wars in Latin America after throwing off Spanish Rule, the various civil wars in West and Central Africa or the driving out of loyalists after the American Revolutionary War.
I love how this video explains the key moments and battles of the Crusades in such an engaging way. It really brings this fascinating period of history to life.
Basically, there would not have been wars between the Arabs and the Europeans had it not been for the intervention of a third party that attacked the Christian convoys, namely the Turks. They caused a long-term war between the Arabs and the Europeans, even though the Arabs did not attack the convoys, but rather the Turks. After that, the Turks weakened until the establishment of the Ottoman Empire, and the Arabs endured wars that they did not cause, so there was Freedom of expression between Christianity, Islam and Judaism without killing or bloodshed until the Seljuk Turks took Jerusalem and attacked the Christians. As a Middle Eastern Arab, I see that the war could have ended from the beginning if the Europeans agreed with the caliphate in Egypt in an alliance to defeat the Seljuk Turks and freedom of religion was restored. All three are as they were before the Turks arrived in Jerusalem. Basically, Saladin would not have attacked the Crusaders had they not attacked the Arab caravans heading to Mecca and Medina. Surely what mattered to you at that time was Jerusalem. What was the reason for the persecution of the Arabs and the Turks who persecuted the Christians and not the Arabs? What was the reason for attacking Mecca and Medina while they were under Arab rule? I am not saying that we, as Arabs, are currently afraid of Europe, but I am certain that if the Arabs of the Middle East and the Arabs of the southern Mediterranean united again, they would defeat the Europeans again, but now they are divided according to the Sykes-Picot Agreement and have occupied one of the Arab countries, which is Palestine. In fact, you can see that Britain increased the immigration of the British to Northern Ireland, so that the number of the British there increased, and they said their corrupt doctrine of freedom of opinion and choosing a ruler, and they divided Ireland in their favor. This also happened in Palestine, and they increased the immigration of Jews to Palestine and supported them with weapons, even though there was religious freedom for the three religions at that time, but there was not. Enmity between the Arabs and the Zionists at that time, until after they committed many massacres, such as the Deir Yassin massacre, to achieve their independence. It was the creation of a state based on blood, massacres, and crime, as happened to the Irish and they divided it into Northern Ireland and Ireland. Therefore, you will see more people who see the injustice to which the Palestinians were exposed, more even than the Arabs themselves, and they see what filth it is. The West does it for their benefit only. The United Nations and the League of Nations are games to achieve special interests for certain countries. Those who wanted the division of Ireland were not Irish, and those who wanted the division of Palestine were not Palestinians. Everyone knows that the League of Nations and the United Nations are tools to enhance the control and power of a particular country over the world and not as their noble goal and slogan.I know that I have written a lot, but there may be confusing information in the media that has reached any of you, and I will be happy to reveal the truth about the real crimes that many countries hide.I am sure that you benefited from information that you did not know
. READ, DEBATE: ENGAGE. beyond_slavery DOSSIER BEYOND SLAVERY FORGOTTEN SLAVERY: Over the years, global focus and discourse on slavery has concentrated on the Trans-Atlantic trade that featured American and European merchants. One other trade has however remained largely ignored, and at times has even been treated as a taboo subject, despite being a key component of African history owing to the devastating impact it has had on the continent, its generations and its people’s way of life. The Arab Muslim slave trade, also known as the trans-Saharan trade or Eastern slave trade, is noted as the longest slave trade, having occurred for more than 1,300 years while taking millions of Africans away from their continent to work in foreign lands in the most inhumane conditions. Scholars have christened it a veiled genocide, attributing the tag line to the most humiliating and near-death experience slaves were subjected to, from capture in slave markets to labour fields abroad and the harrowing journey in between. While official figures on the exact number of slaves captured from Africa in the Trans Sahara trade are contested, most scholars put the estimate at about nine million. Coast of ZanzibarIn East Africa the coastal region was the preferred route of slave trade, with Zanzibar as its hub. The Eastern slave trade in Africa was predominantly concentrated in the East and West African regions. In East Africa the coastal region was the preferred route and Tanzania’s archipelago of Zanzibar became a hub for this trade. “The Arabs raided sub-Saharan Africa for thirteen centuries without interruption. Most of the millions of men they deported have disappeared as a result of inhumane treatment. This painful page in the history of black people has apparently not been completely turned,” read a loosely translated excerpt from The Veiled Genocide a book by Tidiane N'Diaye, a Franco-Senegalese author and anthropologist. Enterprising Arab merchants and middlemen would gather in Zanzibar for raw materials including cloves and ivory. They would then buy black slaves who they would use to carry the raw materials and also work in their plantations abroad. Slaves from as far as Sudan, Ethiopia and Somalia would be availed at the Zanzibar market and shipped through the Indian Ocean to the Persian Gulf or Arabic Peninsula where they worked in Oman, Iran, Saudi Arabia and Iraq. African Muslims were however never captured as slaves due to the Islamic legal views. On the other hand the Trans Saharan Caravan concentrated on the West African region straddling the Niger Valley to the Gulf of Guinea along the Trans-Saharan roads to slave markets in Maghreb and the Nile Basin. The voyage that could take up to three months involved inhumane conditions that saw slaves die along the way due to diseases, hunger and thirst. An estimated 50 percent of all slaves in this trade would die in transit. While European merchants were interested in strongly built young men as labourers in their farms, the Arab merchants were more focused on concubinage, capturing women and girls who were turned into sex slaves while living in harems. So high was the demand that the merchants would double the price of female slaves with, the ratio of captured women to men being three to one. “THE PRACTICE OF CASTRATION ON BLACK MALE SLAVES IN THE MOST INHUMANE MANNER ALTERED AN ENTIRE GENERATION AS THESE MEN COULD NOT REPRODUCE." Liberty Mukomo Male slaves would work as field workers or guards at the harems. To ensure that they never reproduced in case they got intimate with their fellow female slaves, the men and boys were castrated and made eunuchs in a brutal operation by which the majority would lose their lives in the process. “The practice of castration on black male slaves in the most inhumane manner altered an entire generation as these men could not reproduce. The Arab masters sired children with the black female slaves. This devastation by the men saw those who survived committing suicide. This development explains the modern black Arabs who are still trapped by history,” said Liberty Mukomo, a lecturer at the University of Nairobi Institute of Diplomacy and International Studies. And even as Europe, one of the key players in the African slave trade, abolished the practice hundreds of years ago and the United States officially ended it in 1865, Arab countries continued the trade with majority ending it late in the 20th century. In Malawi, slavery was officially criminalized in 2007 with mentions of some Arab countries currently being involved albeit clandestinely. “Even as the rest of the world realized the harm slavery did to an entire continent and made a declaration to abolish it, the Arabs protested it and it took a lot of international trade and revolt by the slaves for them to end it. But it is the degree and intensity with which it altered the entire social, reproductive and economic life of black people that made it more brutal and painful than the trans-Atlantic one,” said Liberty.
Napoleon is probably one of the most important figure in human history. Was not expecting Napoleon to appear in a Crusades video. Just realized he had influence and impact in 4 continents. 1- Attacked Egypt in Africa 2- Attacked Jaffa and Acre in West Asia 3- Ended 1000 years old Holy Roman Empire and dominated Europe 4- Sold Louisiana to USA in North America
Really loved this video. I had a vague idea about there being several crusades over the 11th/12th centuries, but not the context. The moving maps made it all make sense, even if I did need to stop and rewind a couple times to take it all in!
The Crusader States lasted almost 200 years from 1098 to 1291, which isn't exactly a short amount of time. For comparison, that is as long as the chronological gap between 1831 to 2024 .
a pretty good summary of the Mediterranean Crusades, but you missed the Baltic Crusades. 1191 AD Danish crusade to convert the Pagan Finns to Roman Catholic. 1193 - 1290 AD The Livonian crusades by Danish and Germans to convert to Roman Catholic the Pagans: 1193-1212 the Livonians again; 1201-1290 the Curonians and Semigallians, 1206-1261 the Saaremaa; 1208-1224 the Latgallians, Selonians, and Estonians. 1202 AD Danish 2nd crusade to convert the Pagan Finns; also the Lithuanian Crusade starts, ends in 1385-6 when the Lithuanians convert to Roman Catholic.Christianity from Eastern Orthodox. 1219 AD 1st Prussian crusade to convert the Pagan old Prussians to Roman Catholic.- unsuccessful 1222 AD 2nd Prussian crusade to convert the Pagan old Prussians to Roman Catholic.- unsuccessful 1226-1290 AD 3rd Prussian crusade to convert the Pagan old Prussians to Roman Catholic., this time by Teutonic order. They either convert or die/go into slavery. 1249 AD 2nd Swedish crusade begins to convert Finland, Pagan Tavastia province to Roman Catholic. 1293 AD 3rd Swedish crusade to convert the Finns, Pagan Karelia this time.
Great video. Only problem I noticed is The Aral Sea is at its current water level. The Aral Sea wouldn't lose that much water until The Soviet Union. This can be seen at 0:13
@@GeorgeLarryMIBU that is also wrong, conquest started from Medina Actually,the first major city to be conquered was macca The original powerbase was in Medina as they were in exile from macca early on
You conveniently omitted that the Muslims conquered the Levant (and Jerusalem) from the Byzantine Empire. And the reason why Alexios I Komnenos requested help from the Latin Christians was not just to assist with the reconquest of Anatolia from the Seljuk's but also the Holy Land. Therefore, the Crusades were a reconquest of invaded lands.
Although religiously you're right. It would be more accurate to say the latin crusaders conquered the greek byzantines former lands. Christianity had been in schism by about 50 years when the Latin knights considered Jerusalem.
@@alexboyer9337yes and no. Later crusades, you would be correct, but the earliest crusade happened specifically because the Byzantine emperor requested aid.
@@baumholderh8425 Good point, but you can only say reconquered if you consider Christendom (both Latin and Greek) united at that point. Which it wasn't, the schism had happened 50 years before, and Alexios did little of the fighting.
You guys act like there are reasons for wars... The reasons are simple, each country at that time wanted to take as much land and resources and slaves as they could get. That's it. The rest are excuses.
The Crusades significantly shaped the geography map of medieval Europe and the Middle East. These religious wars led to the exchange of knowledge, cartographic techniques, and expanded trade routes, resulting in more detailed and accurate maps of the regions involved.
5:43 I'm not Italian but I think it's pronounced jeh-noa As it's shown on the last minute of the video, two crusader factions coexisted with the United States.
whenever a turkish football team is playing in a european championship and the refree is making biased decisions against the turkish team, the commentators would always go 'they are launching yet another crusade!'
coupled with the author of the video leaving out how muslims conquered and ethnically cleansed the levant and north africa, i sense a bias propaganda here
While the Baltic Crusades are kinda unrelated so I think it is ok that they arent part of the video, the Turkish/North African Crusades (Syrma, Alexandria, Mahdia, Nikopolis, Varna) are missing in my opinion though, because they are the direct continuation of the 9 crusades.
1:31 Crusades were ordered in Clermont Ferrand but were launched in Le Puy en Velay as the crusaders assembled in Le Puy en Velay and started the journey. Adhémar was ordered by the pope to be the papal legate and spiritual leader of the Crusade. During the year 1096, Adhémar made donations, collected the sums necessary for the expedition and developed with Raymond de Saint-Gilles the arrangements for the regrouping of the Provençal army. Adhémar de Monteil was the bishop of my birth city Puy en Velay beautiful city with a thousand steps Church on top of Aiguille rock named this because its like a natural skyscrapers going up we also have on top of the next hill a massive statue of Sainte Notre Dame de France watching over the city above our Cathédrale Notre-Dame-du-Puy with all these monuments classed as humanity patrimony, UNESCO World Heritage have a look at it it's a very beautiful small city.
The Crusades were a series of religious wars fought between Christians and Muslims, primarily to secure control over holy sites in the Middle East. A geography map of the period shows the vast extent of the conflict, spanning regions from Western Europe to the Levant. These maps highlight key routes taken by Crusaders, including the overland path through Europe and the maritime routes across the Mediterranean, as well as the locations of major battles like Jerusalem and Antioch.
The Crusades significantly influenced world geography by reshaping trade routes and cultural interactions between Europe, the Middle East, and Asia. These military campaigns spurred exploration, introduced new maps, and expanded knowledge of distant lands, laying groundwork for future global exploration.
Turks indeed had a decisive role in triggering historical major events like the Migration Period, Crusades, shaping the history of Balkans, Islamization of Northern India, Age of Discovery as well as ending the Middle Ages with the conquest of Constantinople, fall of the Roman Empire.
@@fish5671 The Mamluk Sultanate was founded by Turks and the aristocracy had even a sophisticated language of their own called Mamluk Kipchak. The first period of the Sultanate was Turkic (Bahri) dominated while the latter period was ruled largely by Circassians (Burji)
I think this video kinda misleading a bit. Seljuks did not persecute christian before the crusade, there were some raises taxes for non Moslem, but there is no evidence of persecution like what Catholic church propaganda tell to their people. Mostly the crusade is driven by the Byzantine empire goals to recapture its teritory and Catholic church euphoria when they realized that they can be a hero in Christian world. Actually the tensions between Islam and Christian start to escalated quickly during the crusade and the relationship between the two will never recovered until today.
It is totally false. The Islamic occupiers oppressed the local Christian populations with insane taxation and left them without any legal protection. They also persecuted pilgrims who tried to travel to Jerusalem. The world will only be just when the Arabs and Muslims return to Arabia.
Starting at 630 and not showing the Christians till 830 is also very misleading, because the lands that Muslims stole from Christians were all of Spain, North Africa, Anatolia, and large portions of Mesopotamia and all of Judea & Samaria & Canaan. Like that right there is ignoring a major fact in the crusades being that it was Christians trying to push back against Islamic aggression and reconquer their previously held lands....
Interesting thing of note, the First Crusade was nearly defeated more than once and almost turned back several times. Video kinda glosses over it, but Antioch was basically a disaster. They barely managed to take the city, then fought over who would get to rule it for months, all the while epidemics and starvation ravaged the armies. Had any actual aid come to Antioch from Muslim powers, the First Crusade would've been wiped out. At the end of the day, they really only went for Jerusalem because it was nearby. Think of it like, "we're halfway there, lets just get it over with," more than a, "storm the gates, take back the Holy City!"
This video starts in a wrong way. The reconquest of Christian Byzantine lands, which Jerusalem was part of it, was the main reason of the Crusades. The fact that you've left this important part out of the video seems like propaganda.
I partly agree with you. It was a reconquest for Christianity. However eastern and western Christianity had been in schism for 50 years. This means calling it a reconquest is slightly inaccurate. They were two different political and religious entities.
"The reconquest of Christian Byzantine lands, which Jerusalem was part of it, was the main reason of the Crusades." When did this happen chronologically? Can you give us any links for that? Thanks!
The first 19 seconds of this video are the most important. That’s the root cause of everything that followed, and remember, these areas were no unoccupied before the violent caliphate expansions.
It's a fact that Syria and Egypt remained majority Christian until the 12th century. The "violent" caliphate was more humane than every Christian theocracy that has ever existed
Oh and many of the non-greek Christians considered the Muslims to be liberators from the oppressive and terrible Byzantine regime. That's why these lands fell so easily
The video talks about europeans doing massacres against muslims, jews and christians of the region but yet you still blame the people of the region instead of the europeans doing the massacres
The Mamluks were among the very few enemies to defeat the Mongols in combat, and they were never conquered. The Mamluk institution had appeared in Islamic civilization in the eighth century as the Caliphs sought to create a military force that was loyal only to the Caliph and not to regional, tribal, or another personal ties. Most Mamluks were of Turkic origin, primarily because the Turks were viewed as better, or at least more natural, warriors than Persians and Arabs. Turks of nomadic origins possessed riding and archery skills from an early age, so that after purchasing them as slaves one only had to refine those skills. The Mamluks therefore became perhaps the most highly trained warriors in the medieval world. They seized power in Egypt in 1250 during the ill-fated Crusade of Louis IX (Saint Louis) and created a Sultanate that dominated Egypt and then Syria until the sixteenth century. The Mongol Art War, p.109
Most of the armies are Arab. The ones who most defended and paid dear prices for the sake of Islam are the Arabs. Our Turkish brothers fought to raise the banner of Islam. There is no doubt about that, but do not forget the virtue of your Arab brothers.
The Crusades were a pivotal chapter in war history, spanning nearly 200 years of religious conflict between Christians and Muslims over the Holy Land, leaving a profound impact on European and Middle Eastern societies
No ethno-linguistic group dealt with Crusades more than the Turkic peoples did. Turks dealt with Crusades for 600 years both in the form of actual Crusades or Holy Leagues. There are around more than 12 Crusades & Holy Leagues directed at Turks.
@@wasif2881 no one is sure, not even the Ayyubids themselves were sure about their origins. An Ayyubid prince claimed that they are a Kurdish tribe that lived in Armenia, another rivalling Ayyubid prince claimed that they were Kurdicised Umayyads (Arabs).
The narrative provides a chronological overview but frames the Crusades with an overtly negative lens, focusing heavily on European aggression while overlooking important historical contexts. It downplays the expansion, aggression, and atrocities of early Islamic conquests, as well as the treatment of non-Muslims under Islamic rule, which shaped the conditions leading to the Crusades. The Crusades were not merely a clash of civilizations but a complex interplay of religious fervor, political ambition, and cultural exchange, shaped by centuries of conflict and evolving ideologies on both sides. The account primarily centers on the major Crusades targeting the Holy Land, particularly the First, Second, and Third Crusades, which sought to reclaim Jerusalem and protect Christian territories. However, it misses critical context about the origins of the First Crusade. Emperor Alexios I Komnenos of the Eastern Roman Empire (commonly referred to as "Byzantine") sent envoys to Pope Urban II seeking military aid as Seljuk incursions into Anatolia and the harassment of Christian pilgrims posed an increasing threat to his realm. Urban’s call at the Council of Clermont in 1095 was not a unilateral papal initiative but a response to this appeal. His message combined genuine religious conviction, including the goal of liberating holy sites, with broader strategic aims, such as stabilizing Byzantine territories, fostering unity between the Latin and Greek Orthodox Churches, strained since the Great Schism of 1054, redirecting Europe’s internal conflicts toward external foes, and protecting Christian pilgrims traveling to Jerusalem. Urban’s promise of spiritual rewards, including the remission of sins, resonated deeply with medieval Christians, inspiring widespread participation. On the Islamic side, the narrative omits the role of jihad as both a spiritual and military concept, which adapted to the context of the Crusades. Early Islamic conquests framed jihad as a communal obligation to expand the domain of Islam. During the Crusades, this concept shifted to focus on resistance against Christian campaigns. Leaders like Saladin and the Mamluks invoked jihad as a religious duty to protect Islamic territories and rally fragmented Muslim communities. This evolution reflected not only theological developments but also practical responses to external threats. Ignoring these ideological shifts risks portraying the Crusades as uniquely religiously driven, while overlooking the reciprocal motivations and dynamics within the Muslim world. While the this touches on major Crusades in the Holy Land, it underrepresents the broader scope of Crusading activity. Campaigns in Spain (Reconquista), the Baltic (Northern Crusades), and Southern France (Albigensian Crusade) are largely absent or underdeveloped. These Crusades were significant in shaping regional dynamics, extending Christian influence, and consolidating power within Europe. The later actions of the military orders, such as the Teutonic Knights’ campaigns against Baltic pagans and the Knights Hospitaller’s relocation to Rhodes and Malta, are mentioned but could be better integrated into the broader theme of Crusading efforts beyond the Holy Land. The inclusion of Napoleon’s conquest of Malta in 1798 and the dissolution of the Teutonic Order as symbolic endpoints of the Crusading era is valid but somewhat underexplored in its connection to earlier Crusading ideals. The narrative rightly highlights atrocities committed by Crusaders, such as the sack of Jerusalem in 1099, but it does not equally explore violence committed by Muslim forces. For example, leaders like Baybars conducted campaigns of brutality, including the massacre of Crusader populations in Antioch. Civilians-Muslim, Christian, and Jewish-suffered immensely, enduring persecution, displacement, and destruction of cultural heritage. Jewish communities in Europe faced significant violence at the hands of Crusader mobs, illustrating how the Crusades’ impacts extended far beyond the battlefield. By emphasizing Christian atrocities while downplaying those of Muslim forces, the narrative risks presenting an incomplete view of the conflict. While the Crusades were marked by destruction and division, their impact on relations between Christianity and Islam was multifaceted. The conflicts undoubtedly exacerbated mutual mistrust and hostility in the short term, entrenching religious and cultural divides. However, the legacy of the Crusades is more complex. Alongside the animosities, the period also saw instances of coexistence, exchange, and even pragmatic alliances between Christian and Muslim powers. These interactions-ranging from trade and diplomacy to the transmission of knowledge-highlight that the Crusades left behind not only tension but also a shared history that continued to shape relations between the two civilizations in subsequent centuries. The Crusades also facilitated significant cultural exchange and economic shifts that reshaped the medieval world. Crusaders returning to Europe brought back advancements in medicine, agriculture, and navigation, enriched by exposure to Islamic knowledge and practices. In the Middle East, the Crusades, alongside other external pressures such as the Mongol invasions, contributed to renewed attention on military organization, governance, and infrastructure to counter external threats. Cities like Venice and Genoa flourished economically, leveraging expanded trade networks to solidify their positions as maritime powers. At the same time, however, the Crusades also intensified divisions within Christendom itself. The Fourth Crusade and the sack of Constantinople in 1204 severely damaged relations between the Latin and Greek Orthodox Churches, further fragmenting an already fragile unity. While the narrative effectively recounts the major Holy Land Crusades, it underrepresents the geographic and thematic breadth of Crusading activity, from the Reconquista to the campaigns of the Teutonic Knights. Furthermore, the Crusades were not initiated solely out of idealism or religious fervor but were shaped by strategic considerations, including the Byzantine Empire’s need for military aid, the papacy’s efforts to unite Christendom, the desire to redirect internal conflicts toward external foes, and the goal of protecting Christian pilgrims. A balanced account must explore the defensive and religious motivations of the Crusaders, the strategic ambitions and ideological developments within the Muslim world, and the cultural and economic exchanges that resulted from the conflict. Only through this lens can the Crusades be understood as a dynamic era, marked by both conflict and connection, and reflective of the broader forces shaping the medieval world.
The Crusades were a pivotal chapter in war history, spanning centuries as religiously motivated campaigns that shaped the political and cultural landscapes of Europe and the Middle East.
@@GeorgeLarryMIBUthey and the christians massacred the shiites . But ofc saladin over the christians , at least we can fast and pray and go to hajj and etc…
@@jaif7327 Well it was in the deal that christians wouldn't build walls to the city, as soon as tried Muslims would take it as an agression and attack the city before tha wall was built
No more crusades after 1272 because of Ottomans. When they have started to conquer Balkans, the priority was shifted from far to more closer lands. After WWI and the collapse of Ottoman Empire, the priority was restored then the birth of Israel.
It feels like he started talking slower in the last couple of videos. If you go back and watch the old videos, the commentary is different and much faster. I dont know if they did this to make the videos longer, or to make people understand easier; but it is making it very difficult to follow when you are talking slowly. It makes it boring, instead of making it a short and fast paced summary.
@@MickeyHarp I actually played it in 2x but i usually do that in most videos so it wasnt that much of a big deal, just something i realized and wanted to share :)
this guy has a lot of damn channels I saw one of your channel RIDDDLE it was very active in 2018ish time then other channel was Meet Arnold and now this.......
Thank you very interesting video? Can you please make a video about the history of India. It’s really interesting to learn the history of the country from you.
Seljuks did not persecute Christians. Emperor Alexios Komnenos wanted to regain Anatolia from the Seljuks, after Sultan Alp Arslan defeated Emperor Romanos and conquered Anatolia in 1071. Thats what motivated Emperor Komnenos to ask the Pope to declare the Crusade.
Einstein said, “In light of such a harmony in the universe that I, with my limited human mind, can determine, there are still people who say there is no God. But what really makes me angry is that they quote me in support of views like these.” [26] Question: "Why did Einstein find it so difficult to answer yes or no to the existence of a Creator?" Was it based on science or illusions? He was asked: Why did Anthony retreat from atheism? Is this regression based on science or illusions ؟ And what do they all believe in one Creator? If you do not know anything, these scholars are more knowledgeable than you, of course, and acknowledge the existence of a Creator based on science. Now, I can say that the atheism you believe is not based on science, but rather on arrogance and vanity, and believe me. Then believe me, then believe me, God will not wrong you, but you are the one who wrongs yourself. This creation, the structure of the universe, The foods, the tongue that tastes, the teeth that grind, the stomach that digests, the excretion of waste, the oxygen, the lungs, the eyes, the libido and many other things, this does not indicate anything. Are you 100% sure that there is no creator? Rivers and seas and the creatures in them and the rain that sows the earth behind them It is very abundant with a lot of fruits Nothing creates anything Are you 100% sure that there is no creator? Go see what religion commands you to worship. One Creator created everything, not three, not more, not less, and not idols, but one Creator. Go and see for yourself, you will only find one religion, then ask about the evidence of the truth of this religion But I will remind you of something you may have forgotten. And I want you to think about it. You are here in this world against your will. Just think a little bit that you are not here. By your own choice. You are here by choice.Choose to be here.He is one and you will go.. The matter is not easy, the matter is great in this existence, because whoever is able to bring you into this world against your will, after death, will either find you in grace and beauty that you have not seen, or torment and fear. which you have not seen. .
The video should've started with the Roman Conquest of Judea in 1st Century AD to provide the full context. Leaving out the atrocities that yhe Romans and Jews committed against each other is an important part of the history of the region.
This is the best day ever, GeoHistiry posted, I had geography class, I got a 10/10 in my english exam and did jump rope in PE, this is the best day everr 😭
CORRECTION: Alexios did support, feed and transfer the first crusade but reports Antioch's siege had failed cancelled his reinforcements. This was embellished into "the Romans didn't help" in order to justify keeping the conquered Holding. Also, the Fouth Crusade was widley condemned, even in the west and resulted in the collapse of reinforcements and crusader enthusiasm.
@CpTnot the latins were expelled from the merchant quarters in 1171 which was a huge hit in relations. The Massacre of the Latins is a myth which is never cited in Western sources and was fabricated by an inhabitant of Thesaloniki who wanted to write a revenge tale for the Norman sack he endured. The Catholic Church has formally apologised and was condemned by all except this band of Crusaders. They were forgiven because timed were tough and needed to move on but this destroyed the Roman Empire and doomed it to the Ottomans.
The Kingdom of Cyprus held out until 1489. But as the royal family died out, the nobles and traders rebelled against the queen, and sided with Venice who took over the island. In the end, the Ottomans captured Cyprus in 1571.
I don't know why does he have to say he converted to sunni Islam . say he converted to Islam Generally . you want to sperate between sunni and shia even in History
Correction, while there were Shia dynasties, most of Iran was not Shia during the Seljuk expansion but Sunni. Shiaism became the dominant religion only with the Safavids in the 16th century.
I wasn't expecting this video to end with Napoleon.
Same.
The mf had huge impact on human history.
Me too
Well I wasn't expecting the Spanish Inquisition..
It's always Napoleon
@@waqarsaleem8611 damn right
Christians and Muslims: *fight*
Mongols: The enemy of my enemy is my enemy 😈
Christmas maik alliance with the Mongolians but the TURKIC MAMLUK kick the ASS
Mongols later: ME IS ISLAM!!
I mean the enemy of my enemy is my enemy is exactly what the crusaders were thinking when they spent half their time attacking each other
@@islammehmeov2334mamluk not truk!!
They are slave from all east
Mongols: everyone not Mongol is my enemy
As of 2024, the Teutonic Order (which is now a Catholic religious order) and the Knight Hospitaller (as the Sovereign Military Order of Malta) still exist, with Knight Hospitaller having their current headquarters in Rome, and Teutonic Order having their current headquarters in Vienna.
Doesn't the red cross come from the hospitallers?
But these are the non combatant branches so they field no armies since they got dissolved. That's the point.
@@user-dq6hs4ry6z not really
Nice
@@user-dq6hs4ry6zNope, no direct connection
Half crusades are Muslims vs. Christians and half are Christians vs. Christians
Catholic vs Orthodox war 😂
The only reason the crusades were successful to begin with is because of muslim vs. muslim wars
Very similar to Islamic Jihads in that actually, it seems the two big Abrahamic faiths have the most smoke for the subdivisions of their own faith lol
@@micajahstewart9212 This is not an abrahamic thing, you can see this behavior in the small scale as well like when a warlord tries to unite a bunch of tribes who are speaking the same language. They all start the campaign against a foreigner force and once it is defeated, they attack their own people with the hopes of uniting them
@@Hunter-e7e you got a very good point there, usually after a foreign or outside force is defeated or not available (either too distant or too powerful) then it’s time to get the other aspects of your society on your particular track of how you want to run things. Such as the civil wars in Latin America after throwing off Spanish Rule, the various civil wars in West and Central Africa or the driving out of loyalists after the American Revolutionary War.
I love how this video explains the key moments and battles of the Crusades in such an engaging way. It really brings this fascinating period of history to life.
I love how they went from 13th to 19th century so quickly 😭
Bcz the powerful Ottoman Empire ended any hope of taking Jeruslem. Crusades were then limited to Balkans only.
@@waqarsaleem8611the crusaders gave up on Jerusalem before the ottoman even existed
@@guycrew3973 yes of course
Basically, there would not have been wars between the Arabs and the Europeans had it not been for the intervention of a third party that attacked the Christian convoys, namely the Turks. They caused a long-term war between the Arabs and the Europeans, even though the Arabs did not attack the convoys, but rather the Turks. After that, the Turks weakened until the establishment of the Ottoman Empire, and the Arabs endured wars that they did not cause, so there was Freedom of expression between Christianity, Islam and Judaism without killing or bloodshed until the Seljuk Turks took Jerusalem and attacked the Christians. As a Middle Eastern Arab, I see that the war could have ended from the beginning if the Europeans agreed with the caliphate in Egypt in an alliance to defeat the Seljuk Turks and freedom of religion was restored. All three are as they were before the Turks arrived in Jerusalem. Basically, Saladin would not have attacked the Crusaders had they not attacked the Arab caravans heading to Mecca and Medina. Surely what mattered to you at that time was Jerusalem. What was the reason for the persecution of the Arabs and the Turks who persecuted the Christians and not the Arabs? What was the reason for attacking Mecca and Medina while they were under Arab rule? I am not saying that we, as Arabs, are currently afraid of Europe, but I am certain that if the Arabs of the Middle East and the Arabs of the southern Mediterranean united again, they would defeat the Europeans again, but now they are divided according to the Sykes-Picot Agreement and have occupied one of the Arab countries, which is Palestine. In fact, you can see that Britain increased the immigration of the British to Northern Ireland, so that the number of the British there increased, and they said their corrupt doctrine of freedom of opinion and choosing a ruler, and they divided Ireland in their favor. This also happened in Palestine, and they increased the immigration of Jews to Palestine and supported them with weapons, even though there was religious freedom for the three religions at that time, but there was not. Enmity between the Arabs and the Zionists at that time, until after they committed many massacres, such as the Deir Yassin massacre, to achieve their independence. It was the creation of a state based on blood, massacres, and crime, as happened to the Irish and they divided it into Northern Ireland and Ireland. Therefore, you will see more people who see the injustice to which the Palestinians were exposed, more even than the Arabs themselves, and they see what filth it is. The West does it for their benefit only. The United Nations and the League of Nations are games to achieve special interests for certain countries. Those who wanted the division of Ireland were not Irish, and those who wanted the division of Palestine were not Palestinians. Everyone knows that the League of Nations and the United Nations are tools to enhance the control and power of a particular country over the world and not as their noble goal and slogan.I know that I have written a lot, but there may be confusing information in the media that has reached any of you, and I will be happy to reveal the truth about the real crimes that many countries hide.I am sure that you benefited from information that you did not know
@@Death-Note-Lord-2007 that comment lasted longer than the ottoman empire
4th Crusade be like:
Pope:We’re going to the holy land!
Crusaders:goes to constantinople
Pope:Hey wait where are you going
random venetians not realizing that action would lead to the rise of their mortal enemy centuries later:
They were avenging the massacre of the Latins by the Byzantines a century before.
@@MrISkater still, the Byzantines were the only one protecting Europe
@@MrISkater still, the byzantines were protecting europe
@@WrinkledPaper674they were doing a terrible job at it by massacring the latins then
1:19 First Crusade
6:50 Second Crusade
11:38 Third Crusade
12:59 Fourth Crusade
14:23 Fifth Crusade
16:36 Sixth Crusade
17:04 Seventh Crusade
19:36 Eighth Crusade
20:07 Ninth Crusade
There is no crusade just a random invasion launch by triggered Christian
.
READ, DEBATE: ENGAGE.
beyond_slavery
DOSSIER
BEYOND SLAVERY
FORGOTTEN SLAVERY:
Over the years, global focus and discourse on slavery has concentrated on the Trans-Atlantic trade that featured American and European merchants. One other trade has however remained largely ignored, and at times has even been treated as a taboo subject, despite being a key component of African history owing to the devastating impact it has had on the continent, its generations and its people’s way of life.
The Arab Muslim slave trade, also known as the trans-Saharan trade or Eastern slave trade, is noted as the longest slave trade, having occurred for more than 1,300 years while taking millions of Africans away from their continent to work in foreign lands in the most inhumane conditions.
Scholars have christened it a veiled genocide, attributing the tag line to the most humiliating and near-death experience slaves were subjected to, from capture in slave markets to labour fields abroad and the harrowing journey in between.
While official figures on the exact number of slaves captured from Africa in the Trans Sahara trade are contested, most scholars put the estimate at about nine million.
Coast of ZanzibarIn East Africa the coastal region was the preferred route of slave trade, with Zanzibar as its hub.
The Eastern slave trade in Africa was predominantly concentrated in the East and West African regions. In East Africa the coastal region was the preferred route and Tanzania’s archipelago of Zanzibar became a hub for this trade.
“The Arabs raided sub-Saharan Africa for thirteen centuries without interruption. Most of the millions of men they deported have disappeared as a result of inhumane treatment. This painful page in the history of black people has apparently not been completely turned,” read a loosely translated excerpt from The Veiled Genocide a book by Tidiane N'Diaye, a Franco-Senegalese author and anthropologist.
Enterprising Arab merchants and middlemen would gather in Zanzibar for raw materials including cloves and ivory. They would then buy black slaves who they would use to carry the raw materials and also work in their plantations abroad. Slaves from as far as Sudan, Ethiopia and Somalia would be availed at the Zanzibar market and shipped through the Indian Ocean to the Persian Gulf or Arabic Peninsula where they worked in Oman, Iran, Saudi Arabia and Iraq. African Muslims were however never captured as slaves due to the Islamic legal views.
On the other hand the Trans Saharan Caravan concentrated on the West African region straddling the Niger Valley to the Gulf of Guinea along the Trans-Saharan roads to slave markets in Maghreb and the Nile Basin. The voyage that could take up to three months involved inhumane conditions that saw slaves die along the way due to diseases, hunger and thirst. An estimated 50 percent of all slaves in this trade would die in transit.
While European merchants were interested in strongly built young men as labourers in their farms, the Arab merchants were more focused on concubinage, capturing women and girls who were turned into sex slaves while living in harems. So high was the demand that the merchants would double the price of female slaves with, the ratio of captured women to men being three to one.
“THE PRACTICE OF CASTRATION ON BLACK MALE SLAVES IN THE MOST INHUMANE MANNER ALTERED AN ENTIRE GENERATION AS THESE MEN COULD NOT REPRODUCE."
Liberty Mukomo
Male slaves would work as field workers or guards at the harems. To ensure that they never reproduced in case they got intimate with their fellow female slaves, the men and boys were castrated and made eunuchs in a brutal operation by which the majority would lose their lives in the process.
“The practice of castration on black male slaves in the most inhumane manner altered an entire generation as these men could not reproduce. The Arab masters sired children with the black female slaves. This devastation by the men saw those who survived committing suicide. This development explains the modern black Arabs who are still trapped by history,” said Liberty Mukomo, a lecturer at the University of Nairobi Institute of Diplomacy and International Studies.
And even as Europe, one of the key players in the African slave trade, abolished the practice hundreds of years ago and the United States officially ended it in 1865, Arab countries continued the trade with majority ending it late in the 20th century. In Malawi, slavery was officially criminalized in 2007 with mentions of some Arab countries currently being involved albeit clandestinely.
“Even as the rest of the world realized the harm slavery did to an entire continent and made a declaration to abolish it, the Arabs protested it and it took a lot of international trade and revolt by the slaves for them to end it. But it is the degree and intensity with which it altered the entire social, reproductive and economic life of black people that made it more brutal and painful than the trans-Atlantic one,” said Liberty.
thx bro
Napoleon is probably one of the most important figure in human history. Was not expecting Napoleon to appear in a Crusades video. Just realized he had influence and impact in 4 continents.
1- Attacked Egypt in Africa
2- Attacked Jaffa and Acre in West Asia
3- Ended 1000 years old Holy Roman Empire and dominated Europe
4- Sold Louisiana to USA in North America
5. Got Obliterated by Russia.
6. *viva la revolution noises*
@@jimmytimmy3680 Eventually.
5:invaded Spain which destabilised the psanish empire causing South America to revolt
@@mappingshaman5280 latin america was always kinda irrelavent (besides mexico obv)
Really loved this video. I had a vague idea about there being several crusades over the 11th/12th centuries, but not the context. The moving maps made it all make sense, even if I did need to stop and rewind a couple times to take it all in!
Great one. Such a dense and long part of history, presented such so that the audience can understand more easily. Kudos!
Amazing video! All crusades and related historic events… you just broke my brain! Thanks
Crusaders mascaraed innocent Christians, jews and Muslims, which was the main reason that Crusades did not stay long. Similar like mongol empire
Nah they just did their job and went back to normal lives.
The Crusader States lasted almost 200 years from 1098 to 1291, which isn't exactly a short amount of time. For comparison, that is as long as the chronological gap between 1831 to 2024 .
@@Matrix-tz5yc yes, but it was a response to the invasion of Jerusalem.
And Israel.
@@akh721 they had 2 choice. liberate or occupy. they followed the latter- the massacre. wouldn't take long for them to leave
The best description of Crusaders era ever
Geo history posted, it's a great day!
"In 1198, Pope INNOCENT III launches a new Crusade."
Well 😂he didn't join the fight, so he is innocent 😅
Can you image if pope leade the army and all European kings join his army !
@@moonshadowsong
And Hitler didn't join the fight so is he also innocent?
@@SonoftheFortunateno, because he endorsed murdering jews
@@SonoftheFortunate No he is Adolf 😂
5:44 if you don't like hearing things pronounced wrong this might kill you
i was searching for this, thank you
yep, deeply disturbing stuff.
a pretty good summary of the Mediterranean Crusades, but you missed the Baltic Crusades.
1191 AD Danish crusade to convert the Pagan Finns to Roman Catholic.
1193 - 1290 AD The Livonian crusades by Danish and Germans to convert to Roman Catholic the Pagans:
1193-1212 the Livonians again;
1201-1290 the Curonians and Semigallians,
1206-1261 the Saaremaa;
1208-1224 the Latgallians, Selonians, and Estonians.
1202 AD Danish 2nd crusade to convert the Pagan Finns; also the Lithuanian Crusade starts, ends in 1385-6 when the Lithuanians convert to Roman Catholic.Christianity from Eastern Orthodox.
1219 AD 1st Prussian crusade to convert the Pagan old Prussians to Roman Catholic.- unsuccessful
1222 AD 2nd Prussian crusade to convert the Pagan old Prussians to Roman Catholic.- unsuccessful
1226-1290 AD 3rd Prussian crusade to convert the Pagan old Prussians to Roman Catholic., this time by Teutonic order. They either convert or die/go into slavery.
1249 AD 2nd Swedish crusade begins to convert Finland, Pagan Tavastia province to Roman Catholic.
1293 AD 3rd Swedish crusade to convert the Finns, Pagan Karelia this time.
crazy how much pagans were persecuted
17:14 Those weren't "Iranian mercenaries" but Turks (Khwarezmians) one of them even became a Mamluk Sultan known as Qutuz
A fictional story by an Egyptian writer
Was about to say the same thing. Iranians don’t rape, pillage, and plunder unlike Turks.
@@MohammedAymen-n8b Why don't YOU write a non-fictional story and steer humanity towards facts and reality?
@@rodmaknounithis is way TURKS have conqueror Iranians and arabs
@@waqarsaleem8611 The story is that Qutuz is just a sl@ve from the Oghuz Turks who did not have a royal origin
Very accurate video!
A Geohistory video of facts and great narration! Made my friday.
Great video. Only problem I noticed is The Aral Sea is at its current water level. The Aral Sea wouldn't lose that much water until The Soviet Union. This can be seen at 0:13
Great video
Bahri Mamluks led by Sultan Qalawun also defeated a joint force of Crusaders and Mongols at the 2nd Battle of Homs
Honey wake up, GeoHistory posted
I wish you losers would get a new meme.
@@slappy8941no
You're a disgrace to your bloodline
God dangit alr beat me to it
Original comment
Who will win?
Holy Roman Emperor Frederick Barbarossa or Göksu river?
GÖKSU RIVER
The river converted to Islam 😠,
Pope 😇 innocent the lll ordered fire underneath so all water evaporates.!
Can you made video about Reqonquista?
Really interesting and good documentation
The capital was actually Medina not Macca ,and as capital it was actually the larger one as well 0:05
And ummayad capital was Damascus
He didn't mention the capitals, the conquests started from Mecca
@@GeorgeLarryMIBU that is also wrong, conquest started from Medina
Actually,the first major city to be conquered was macca
The original powerbase was in Medina as they were in exile from macca early on
@@kaiserwhence2468 Sorry I meant after Mohammad (Sallallahu-3layhi-wassallam) peace be upon him's death
@@GeorgeLarryMIBUstill the political powerbase was Medina
Macca served mostly as a pilgrimage site only
But I get it
THIS IS WHAT IVE BEEN WAITING FOR!!!!!!
You conveniently omitted that the Muslims conquered the Levant (and Jerusalem) from the Byzantine Empire.
And the reason why Alexios I Komnenos requested help from the Latin Christians was not just to assist with the reconquest of Anatolia from the Seljuk's but also the Holy Land.
Therefore, the Crusades were a reconquest of invaded lands.
It seems like they've left that information on purpose.
The reconquest of Christian lands was the main focus of the Crusaders.
Although religiously you're right. It would be more accurate to say the latin crusaders conquered the greek byzantines former lands. Christianity had been in schism by about 50 years when the Latin knights considered Jerusalem.
@@alexboyer9337yes and no. Later crusades, you would be correct, but the earliest crusade happened specifically because the Byzantine emperor requested aid.
@@baumholderh8425 Good point, but you can only say reconquered if you consider Christendom (both Latin and Greek) united at that point. Which it wasn't, the schism had happened 50 years before, and Alexios did little of the fighting.
You guys act like there are reasons for wars... The reasons are simple, each country at that time wanted to take as much land and resources and slaves as they could get. That's it. The rest are excuses.
wake up, Geo History just uploaded
These kinds of videos should list their sources
The original video is in french, and the sources are listed in the descriptions there
I love your videos
Yet another Geo History classic
GEO HISTORY AND OVERSIMPLIFIED COLLAB!
The Crusades significantly shaped the geography map of medieval Europe and the Middle East. These religious wars led to the exchange of knowledge, cartographic techniques, and expanded trade routes, resulting in more detailed and accurate maps of the regions involved.
5:43 I'm not Italian but I think it's pronounced jeh-noa
As it's shown on the last minute of the video, two crusader factions coexisted with the United States.
Yes because an "e" after a "g" in Italian makes the "g" pronounced like the English "j".
Good video.. Keep doing more 🎉
whenever a turkish football team is playing in a european championship and the refree is making biased decisions against the turkish team, the commentators would always go 'they are launching yet another crusade!'
Great stuff
I can't believe I am getting those ads about sending money to Gaza for this video in particular.
They are begging, they don't even have a water and food
And israel is missshooting the missles
@@sanzhar6399 I have food and water, tell me how I can send it without paying any money for shipping fees etc... as I am broke?
coupled with the author of the video leaving out how muslims conquered and ethnically cleansed the levant and north africa, i sense a bias propaganda here
If you don't like the ads of supporting an oppressed people i guess you also love that fascist state that do systemic cleansing and genocides.
If you're looking for context, Rodney Stark wrote many books about this conflict.
This video used a mop to paint its broad strokes.
RIP Rodney Stark.
Best and most detailed internet historian
Not really... He talks about italy, Italy didn't exist at the time
While the Baltic Crusades are kinda unrelated so I think it is ok that they arent part of the video, the Turkish/North African Crusades (Syrma, Alexandria, Mahdia, Nikopolis, Varna) are missing in my opinion though, because they are the direct continuation of the 9 crusades.
8:24 gets exciting hearing the name of the greatest ever general
Allah u Akbar
New video. Great!
1:31 Crusades were ordered in Clermont Ferrand but were launched in Le Puy en Velay as the crusaders assembled in Le Puy en Velay and started the journey. Adhémar was ordered by the pope to be the papal legate and spiritual leader of the Crusade. During the year 1096, Adhémar made donations, collected the sums necessary for the expedition and developed with Raymond de Saint-Gilles the arrangements for the regrouping of the Provençal army. Adhémar de Monteil was the bishop of my birth city Puy en Velay beautiful city with a thousand steps Church on top of Aiguille rock named this because its like a natural skyscrapers going up we also have on top of the next hill a massive statue of Sainte Notre Dame de France watching over the city above our Cathédrale Notre-Dame-du-Puy with all these monuments classed as humanity patrimony, UNESCO World Heritage have a look at it it's a very beautiful small city.
The Crusades were a series of religious wars fought between Christians and Muslims, primarily to secure control over holy sites in the Middle East. A geography map of the period shows the vast extent of the conflict, spanning regions from Western Europe to the Levant. These maps highlight key routes taken by Crusaders, including the overland path through Europe and the maritime routes across the Mediterranean, as well as the locations of major battles like Jerusalem and Antioch.
In my school days I don't understand this. thanks for this information i know it. 😁Pls. make a vid about Dr. Jose Rizal
long time no post
Thank you you help me learn very much before I sleep
1:00 Persia was not Shiite at the time, it became Shiite under the Safavid dynasty
Wrong
@@Juan-qu4oj How?
@@davidrichards8793 my bad u right on
the safavid dynastry which destroyed unity and persia became a reected state both by muslims, europeans and the inhabitants
@@Juan-qu4oj no you're wrong
The Crusades significantly influenced world geography by reshaping trade routes and cultural interactions between Europe, the Middle East, and Asia. These military campaigns spurred exploration, introduced new maps, and expanded knowledge of distant lands, laying groundwork for future global exploration.
Turks indeed had a decisive role in triggering historical major events like the Migration Period, Crusades, shaping the history of Balkans, Islamization of Northern India, Age of Discovery as well as ending the Middle Ages with the conquest of Constantinople, fall of the Roman Empire.
Especially 1400-1500's turkic states were dominating
Golden horde, Timurids, Ottomans, Mamluks...
@@saysal9671manluks were not turks i am pretty sure, their warrior caste was literally composed of caucasian slaves
@@fish5671Bahri Mamluks were ethnic Turks and called Dawlat al Atrak or Turkiyya meanwhile Burjis were Turkified Circassians mainly
@@fish5671btwfirst Islamic Ghulams/Mamluks were originally Turkic peoples from steppe during Abbasid period
@@fish5671 The Mamluk Sultanate was founded by Turks and the aristocracy had even a sophisticated language of their own called Mamluk Kipchak. The first period of the Sultanate was Turkic (Bahri) dominated while the latter period was ruled largely by Circassians (Burji)
Just listening to the biased vocabulary used against the crusaders verses everyone else is wild. Definitely not biased at all.
Here's a video idea: The History of the Knights Templar
I think this video kinda misleading a bit. Seljuks did not persecute christian before the crusade, there were some raises taxes for non Moslem, but there is no evidence of persecution like what Catholic church propaganda tell to their people. Mostly the crusade is driven by the Byzantine empire goals to recapture its teritory and Catholic church euphoria when they realized that they can be a hero in Christian world. Actually the tensions between Islam and Christian start to escalated quickly during the crusade and the relationship between the two will never recovered until today.
It is totally false. The Islamic occupiers oppressed the local Christian populations with insane taxation and left them without any legal protection. They also persecuted pilgrims who tried to travel to Jerusalem. The world will only be just when the Arabs and Muslims return to Arabia.
Starting at 630 and not showing the Christians till 830 is also very misleading, because the lands that Muslims stole from Christians were all of Spain, North Africa, Anatolia, and large portions of Mesopotamia and all of Judea & Samaria & Canaan. Like that right there is ignoring a major fact in the crusades being that it was Christians trying to push back against Islamic aggression and reconquer their previously held lands....
Wow didn’t know that the last crusader state was technically ended by napoleon
Interesting thing of note, the First Crusade was nearly defeated more than once and almost turned back several times. Video kinda glosses over it, but Antioch was basically a disaster. They barely managed to take the city, then fought over who would get to rule it for months, all the while epidemics and starvation ravaged the armies. Had any actual aid come to Antioch from Muslim powers, the First Crusade would've been wiped out.
At the end of the day, they really only went for Jerusalem because it was nearby. Think of it like, "we're halfway there, lets just get it over with," more than a, "storm the gates, take back the Holy City!"
This video starts in a wrong way.
The reconquest of Christian Byzantine lands, which Jerusalem was part of it, was the main reason of the Crusades.
The fact that you've left this important part out of the video seems like propaganda.
Well it's typical of the decadent and rotting secular West. Lying about History to make their fantasies believable.
Or you have been sold propaganda it was like 800 years ago when 5 people could read and they re wrote history
I partly agree with you. It was a reconquest for Christianity. However eastern and western Christianity had been in schism for 50 years. This means calling it a reconquest is slightly inaccurate. They were two different political and religious entities.
I did NOT know this
"The reconquest of Christian Byzantine lands, which Jerusalem was part of it, was the main reason of the Crusades." When did this happen chronologically? Can you give us any links for that?
Thanks!
The first 19 seconds of this video are the most important. That’s the root cause of everything that followed, and remember, these areas were no unoccupied before the violent caliphate expansions.
It's a fact that Syria and Egypt remained majority Christian until the 12th century. The "violent" caliphate was more humane than every Christian theocracy that has ever existed
Oh and many of the non-greek Christians considered the Muslims to be liberators from the oppressive and terrible Byzantine regime. That's why these lands fell so easily
Such a peaceful region of humanity..
Nothing new under the sun
Lord Balfour a big fan of the area.
They call it "Sacred" land.😂
Well it's the Holy Land
The video talks about europeans doing massacres against muslims, jews and christians of the region but yet you still blame the people of the region instead of the europeans doing the massacres
Sultan Salah ad-Din Yusuf ibn Ayyub and Sultan Nur ad-Din Zengi
The Mamluks were among the very few enemies to defeat the Mongols in combat, and they were never conquered. The Mamluk institution had appeared in Islamic civilization in the eighth century as the Caliphs sought to create a military force that was loyal only to the Caliph and not to regional, tribal, or another personal ties. Most Mamluks were of Turkic origin, primarily because the Turks were viewed as better, or at least more natural, warriors than Persians and Arabs. Turks of nomadic origins possessed riding and archery skills from an early age, so that after purchasing them as slaves one only had to refine those skills. The Mamluks therefore became perhaps the most highly trained warriors in the medieval world. They seized power in Egypt in 1250 during the ill-fated Crusade of Louis IX (Saint Louis) and created a Sultanate that dominated Egypt and then Syria until the sixteenth century.
The Mongol Art War, p.109
Most of the armies are Arab. The ones who most defended and paid dear prices for the sake of Islam are the Arabs. Our Turkish brothers fought to raise the banner of Islam. There is no doubt about that, but do not forget the virtue of your Arab brothers.
The Crusades were a pivotal chapter in war history, spanning nearly 200 years of religious conflict between Christians and Muslims over the Holy Land, leaving a profound impact on European and Middle Eastern societies
No ethno-linguistic group dealt with Crusades more than the Turkic peoples did. Turks dealt with Crusades for 600 years both in the form of actual Crusades or Holy Leagues. There are around more than 12 Crusades & Holy Leagues directed at Turks.
Saladin?
@@sepep6288He was kurd.
@@wasif2881 no one is sure, not even the Ayyubids themselves were sure about their origins. An Ayyubid prince claimed that they are a Kurdish tribe that lived in Armenia, another rivalling Ayyubid prince claimed that they were Kurdicised Umayyads (Arabs).
proud crusader slayer 🇹🇷🇹🇷
@@emrealn3786 based Turks
The narrative provides a chronological overview but frames the Crusades with an overtly negative lens, focusing heavily on European aggression while overlooking important historical contexts. It downplays the expansion, aggression, and atrocities of early Islamic conquests, as well as the treatment of non-Muslims under Islamic rule, which shaped the conditions leading to the Crusades. The Crusades were not merely a clash of civilizations but a complex interplay of religious fervor, political ambition, and cultural exchange, shaped by centuries of conflict and evolving ideologies on both sides.
The account primarily centers on the major Crusades targeting the Holy Land, particularly the First, Second, and Third Crusades, which sought to reclaim Jerusalem and protect Christian territories. However, it misses critical context about the origins of the First Crusade. Emperor Alexios I Komnenos of the Eastern Roman Empire (commonly referred to as "Byzantine") sent envoys to Pope Urban II seeking military aid as Seljuk incursions into Anatolia and the harassment of Christian pilgrims posed an increasing threat to his realm. Urban’s call at the Council of Clermont in 1095 was not a unilateral papal initiative but a response to this appeal. His message combined genuine religious conviction, including the goal of liberating holy sites, with broader strategic aims, such as stabilizing Byzantine territories, fostering unity between the Latin and Greek Orthodox Churches, strained since the Great Schism of 1054, redirecting Europe’s internal conflicts toward external foes, and protecting Christian pilgrims traveling to Jerusalem. Urban’s promise of spiritual rewards, including the remission of sins, resonated deeply with medieval Christians, inspiring widespread participation.
On the Islamic side, the narrative omits the role of jihad as both a spiritual and military concept, which adapted to the context of the Crusades. Early Islamic conquests framed jihad as a communal obligation to expand the domain of Islam. During the Crusades, this concept shifted to focus on resistance against Christian campaigns. Leaders like Saladin and the Mamluks invoked jihad as a religious duty to protect Islamic territories and rally fragmented Muslim communities. This evolution reflected not only theological developments but also practical responses to external threats. Ignoring these ideological shifts risks portraying the Crusades as uniquely religiously driven, while overlooking the reciprocal motivations and dynamics within the Muslim world.
While the this touches on major Crusades in the Holy Land, it underrepresents the broader scope of Crusading activity. Campaigns in Spain (Reconquista), the Baltic (Northern Crusades), and Southern France (Albigensian Crusade) are largely absent or underdeveloped. These Crusades were significant in shaping regional dynamics, extending Christian influence, and consolidating power within Europe. The later actions of the military orders, such as the Teutonic Knights’ campaigns against Baltic pagans and the Knights Hospitaller’s relocation to Rhodes and Malta, are mentioned but could be better integrated into the broader theme of Crusading efforts beyond the Holy Land. The inclusion of Napoleon’s conquest of Malta in 1798 and the dissolution of the Teutonic Order as symbolic endpoints of the Crusading era is valid but somewhat underexplored in its connection to earlier Crusading ideals.
The narrative rightly highlights atrocities committed by Crusaders, such as the sack of Jerusalem in 1099, but it does not equally explore violence committed by Muslim forces. For example, leaders like Baybars conducted campaigns of brutality, including the massacre of Crusader populations in Antioch. Civilians-Muslim, Christian, and Jewish-suffered immensely, enduring persecution, displacement, and destruction of cultural heritage. Jewish communities in Europe faced significant violence at the hands of Crusader mobs, illustrating how the Crusades’ impacts extended far beyond the battlefield. By emphasizing Christian atrocities while downplaying those of Muslim forces, the narrative risks presenting an incomplete view of the conflict.
While the Crusades were marked by destruction and division, their impact on relations between Christianity and Islam was multifaceted. The conflicts undoubtedly exacerbated mutual mistrust and hostility in the short term, entrenching religious and cultural divides. However, the legacy of the Crusades is more complex. Alongside the animosities, the period also saw instances of coexistence, exchange, and even pragmatic alliances between Christian and Muslim powers. These interactions-ranging from trade and diplomacy to the transmission of knowledge-highlight that the Crusades left behind not only tension but also a shared history that continued to shape relations between the two civilizations in subsequent centuries.
The Crusades also facilitated significant cultural exchange and economic shifts that reshaped the medieval world. Crusaders returning to Europe brought back advancements in medicine, agriculture, and navigation, enriched by exposure to Islamic knowledge and practices. In the Middle East, the Crusades, alongside other external pressures such as the Mongol invasions, contributed to renewed attention on military organization, governance, and infrastructure to counter external threats. Cities like Venice and Genoa flourished economically, leveraging expanded trade networks to solidify their positions as maritime powers. At the same time, however, the Crusades also intensified divisions within Christendom itself. The Fourth Crusade and the sack of Constantinople in 1204 severely damaged relations between the Latin and Greek Orthodox Churches, further fragmenting an already fragile unity.
While the narrative effectively recounts the major Holy Land Crusades, it underrepresents the geographic and thematic breadth of Crusading activity, from the Reconquista to the campaigns of the Teutonic Knights. Furthermore, the Crusades were not initiated solely out of idealism or religious fervor but were shaped by strategic considerations, including the Byzantine Empire’s need for military aid, the papacy’s efforts to unite Christendom, the desire to redirect internal conflicts toward external foes, and the goal of protecting Christian pilgrims. A balanced account must explore the defensive and religious motivations of the Crusaders, the strategic ambitions and ideological developments within the Muslim world, and the cultural and economic exchanges that resulted from the conflict. Only through this lens can the Crusades be understood as a dynamic era, marked by both conflict and connection, and reflective of the broader forces shaping the medieval world.
Of course Napoleon is featured in this video. It’s always Napoleon.
The Crusades were a pivotal chapter in war history, spanning centuries as religiously motivated campaigns that shaped the political and cultural landscapes of Europe and the Middle East.
Iran wasn't shiite when the seljuks took over
Geo history, idk if you did the Chinese civil war, but can you in your next vid?
Yet another politically peaceful video that won't be emotionally charged for anyone.
Islam 🤝 Christianity
For me it very much is … with hate for all sides ( except for the romans and the famitids )
@@Unknown_nobody-p7b What's your opinion on the Ayyubids or Saladin? Even the Christians had rather Saladin over Reynald
@@GeorgeLarryMIBUthey and the christians massacred the shiites . But ofc saladin over the christians , at least we can fast and pray and go to hajj and etc…
No thinking-brainless-npc-hive mind comment
What about the northern crusades?
I love how it worked out well for Venice. Also how many times the Crusaders were offered Jerusalem only to turn it down and lose.
ego and incompentence is their downfall
The video stated it very clearly, the cities defences had been demolished so it would have been impossible to defend
@@ej7416if it were the romans they would’ve built up a new wall in 2 hours 😂
@@jaif7327 Well it was in the deal that christians wouldn't build walls to the city, as soon as tried Muslims would take it as an agression and attack the city before tha wall was built
No more crusades after 1272 because of Ottomans. When they have started to conquer Balkans, the priority was shifted from far to more closer lands.
After WWI and the collapse of Ottoman Empire, the priority was restored then the birth of Israel.
It feels like he started talking slower in the last couple of videos. If you go back and watch the old videos, the commentary is different and much faster. I dont know if they did this to make the videos longer, or to make people understand easier; but it is making it very difficult to follow when you are talking slowly. It makes it boring, instead of making it a short and fast paced summary.
I see what you mean but easy enough to change that playback speed.
x1.25 was perfect for me
@@MickeyHarp I actually played it in 2x but i usually do that in most videos so it wasnt that much of a big deal, just something i realized and wanted to share :)
@@LupusTheGamer yeah, it was a nice pick up and helped me. Like you, just sharing the playback thoughts to help others.
this guy has a lot of damn channels I saw one of your channel RIDDDLE it was very active in 2018ish time then other channel was Meet Arnold and now this.......
the fourth crusade is the best
Bait used to be believable, try harder next time
By the number they killed or the untruth war they did?
Thank you very interesting video? Can you please make a video about the history of India. It’s really interesting to learn the history of the country from you.
Sadly you didn’t mention crusades against the ottomans in the balkans (nicopolis and the crusade of varna)
the crusades as we know them refer to those in the levant and just the crusader states in general, so they don't really matter
@@maxtomlinson8134 'so they don't really matter" lmfao brutal for balkaners i have always been more of a fan of the northern crusades and hussite
@@maxtomlinson8134 then why did he mention the northern crusades of the teutonic order
Seljuks did not persecute Christians. Emperor Alexios Komnenos wanted to regain Anatolia from the Seljuks, after Sultan Alp Arslan defeated Emperor Romanos and conquered Anatolia in 1071. Thats what motivated Emperor Komnenos to ask the Pope to declare the Crusade.
Hail the Abrahamic religions! truly religions of peace!!!! Sure after all of these centuries they will go along together right? riiiight??
Einstein said, “In light of such a harmony in the universe that I, with my limited human mind, can determine, there are still people who say there is no God. But what really makes me angry is that they quote me in support of views like these.” [26]
Question: "Why did Einstein find it so difficult to answer yes or no to the existence of a Creator?" Was it based on science or illusions?
He was asked: Why did Anthony retreat from atheism? Is this regression based on science or illusions ؟
And what do they all believe in one Creator?
If you do not know anything, these scholars are more knowledgeable than you, of course, and acknowledge the existence of a Creator based on science. Now, I can say that the atheism you believe is not based on science, but rather on arrogance and vanity, and believe me. Then believe me, then believe me, God will not wrong you, but you are the one who wrongs yourself.
This creation, the structure of the universe,
The foods, the tongue that tastes, the teeth that grind, the stomach that digests, the excretion of waste, the oxygen, the lungs, the eyes, the libido and many other things, this does not indicate anything. Are you 100% sure that there is no creator?
Rivers and seas and the creatures in them and the rain that sows the earth behind them
It is very abundant with a lot of fruits
Nothing creates anything
Are you 100% sure that there is no creator?
Go see what religion commands you to worship. One Creator created everything, not three, not more, not less, and not idols, but one Creator. Go and see for yourself, you will only find one religion, then ask about the evidence of the truth of this religion
But I will remind you of something you may have forgotten. And I want you to think about it. You are here in this world against your will. Just think a little bit that you are not here. By your own choice. You are here by choice.Choose to be here.He is one and you will go.. The matter is not easy, the matter is great in this existence, because whoever is able to bring you into this world against your will, after death, will either find you in grace and beauty that you have not seen, or torment and fear. which you have not seen.
.
The video should've started with the Roman Conquest of Judea in 1st Century AD to provide the full context.
Leaving out the atrocities that yhe Romans and Jews committed against each other is an important part of the history of the region.
Happened to me once
The orthodox vs catholic distinction starts in 1054, this video is incorrect within 15 seconds
"They did many Crusades, some of which almost didn't fail." - Bill Wurz
This is the best day ever, GeoHistiry posted, I had geography class, I got a 10/10 in my english exam and did jump rope in PE, this is the best day everr 😭
Gratulation
Now it's Istanbul, not Constantinople..
Been a long time gone, Constantinople
Now it's Turkish delight, on a moonlight night
Lets rename it Constantinople 😈
@@Chadrick2😂
@@showagoji8106 filled full of !nbred goat fµckers
CORRECTION: Alexios did support, feed and transfer the first crusade but reports Antioch's siege had failed cancelled his reinforcements. This was embellished into "the Romans didn't help" in order to justify keeping the conquered Holding.
Also, the Fouth Crusade was widley condemned, even in the west and resulted in the collapse of reinforcements and crusader enthusiasm.
I heard they did it because of what happened to Latins who lived in the city
@CpTnot the latins were expelled from the merchant quarters in 1171 which was a huge hit in relations. The Massacre of the Latins is a myth which is never cited in Western sources and was fabricated by an inhabitant of Thesaloniki who wanted to write a revenge tale for the Norman sack he endured. The Catholic Church has formally apologised and was condemned by all except this band of Crusaders. They were forgiven because timed were tough and needed to move on but this destroyed the Roman Empire and doomed it to the Ottomans.
Turkish power had become a reality , to the extent that a chronicler of the Third Crusade already gave the name " Turchia ' to Seljuk Asia Minor.
didnt ibn khaldun call egypt turkia ? lol
Yes because Egypt was ruled by Turks and Turkified Circassianos at the time.
Oh ! here comes the fanatic ultra nationalist turk. You haven't changed a bit
Broo, go touch grass
The Kingdom of Cyprus held out until 1489. But as the royal family died out, the nobles and traders rebelled against the queen, and sided with Venice who took over the island.
In the end, the Ottomans captured Cyprus in 1571.
Forgot the 10th crusade, which is named isreal, lol
Bro crusaders are not israeli, Theyre europeans
@Captainkirk0601 didn't the jews come from Europe to palastine
@@PanzerIV1 yup
@@Captainkirk0601 The Israelis themselves are just settlers who came from Eastern Europe...
very cool
mongols were the mercenaries of banker maritime venetians and they ended up giving them free trade
I don't know why does he have to say he converted to sunni Islam . say he converted to Islam Generally . you want to sperate between sunni and shia even in History
@@Ahmad_55773 im just saying mongols were isis of modern day bankers
@@Ahmad_55773 You do know there are 2 major sects in islam?
Search on google or ask your elders.
@@Ahmad_55773them are modern kazakhs, kyrgyz
Might be that Persia was not majority Shia atte point of when seljuks conquered it, it was a demographic shift much later during the safavids
Correction, while there were Shia dynasties, most of Iran was not Shia during the Seljuk expansion but Sunni. Shiaism became the dominant religion only with the Safavids in the 16th century.
In german the 8th crusade is called the 7th. Anyone knows why?
what about the crusades against the ottomans the crusaders took way more Ls thant hat
They won't to forget that 😂
turkey got a lot of Ls through its history from the christians tho
not really worth mentioning