The Navy has a system that can build jet fuel hydrocarbons out of nothing but seawater and electricity. Would actually be quite a measure cheaper than sourcing from fossil fuels.
You need to use more water Cody, half of the plant matter should be soaked with water. It looks pretty dry in you bottom flask. Also try blending your plant matter for a better yield.
“Hi everybody, welcome back to Cody’s lab. Today I found 2 sticks in my backyard..... let’s see if we can turn this into an X-32 Fighter Jet shall we.” -Cody
Yeah i thought so too but i think i'd take a bit to much effort for an hour to get enough oil without just killing all the plants that his bees like Over a year though you might be able to get alot of lamp oil like this
Kerosene is probably cheaper than the electricity he'd use to distill an equivalent amount of oil, not to mention the time and effort. Firewood doesn't appear to be abundant for long term post-SHTF processing. Maybe if he developed a way to distill it with direct solar heating, but the return on time investment is still an issue.
Sounds like a breeding experiment is in order. Breed a strain of the plant that produces a heavy amount of oil, thereby improving your output yield. After that, it's just a matter of improving your distillation apparatus. Might be able to produce a viable product.
Cody don't stop because you saw an article, there is a huge difference between a proof of concept for running a car on weed or vs a jet on said weed oil. If the US Mil thought the plant had so much potential I think you should expand your testing.
I would be interested in seeing some test applications of this. Say in a small 2 stroke engine, maybe a small model rocket. Things like that, I'm sure you have other ideas for things that could works as fuel. It could be an interesting series if that's something your interested in.
This would be perfect for the ‘Project Farms’ channel where he tests engines with all sorts of different things and see what effect they have for better or worse. Oh man please Cody get in touch the them that would be an awesome collaboration!
Dude, you should make a video about the different types of condensers, so Cody gets a hint and stops using a Liebig where an Allihn is mandatory! So many losses to the wrong piece of glassware! Back when I studied to become a Physics & Chemistry teacher I was constantly amased at the poor choices that my classmates did. Oh, the delicate smell of DCM when you don't expect it! Cheers, and thanks to both of you for the vids. Can't support you guys yet but I thought a bit of constructive criticism, yet with a pinch of sarcasm, could help ;)
@@ManTheBush To be fair early chemistry was much more dangerous. I wouldn't wanna touch anything in an alchemist's lab, there would be mercury everywhere.
"So...I don't think will be good to add to soap or perfumes any times soon. But, let's go see if it burns!" I just love Cody's mind, that jumps from fragrances to flammability immediately
Not sure if the essential oils are coming from trichomes or maybe something in the pods, but drying the plants bone dry and blending it into a powder would likely increase yields, could be by a little, could be by a fair bit.
You mean as is done with many other materials? Such as pressing with heat, and the reason for using steam is that it works with light volatiles and is limited more in the level of heat applied, and is better for getting essential oils when there is so much more dry materials than there is oil. This is the same process that is used to obtain Rose oil and many others. However it does not work with oils with a much higher boiling point than water.
.........I would use the Isomizer style reduction . Strip all the resins along with the volatile . I ❤ my Michigan medical reductions like wax ! Peace !
So, just found out that one of two plants in my lawn has flammable oils in it. Immediately, I thought of this video to see what extracting said oils may entail. Thank you for sharing your projects, as you've been the inspiration and accidental guide for many people. I wanted to show my appreciation before I try anything, just as a habit.
Well done! Many years ago, a 4-H Teen Leader raised a crop of black sunflower seeds (common name: Russian sunflower), they are oily as the dickens. He pressed the oil out with a modified cider press. It used plates with smaller and more holes. This brings me to the question, is it more efficient to press and then cook or just cook? Next question is would a solvent work better like acetone in the beaker and a layer of water in that (I forget it name) on top of the beaker. The 4-H Teen Leader ran his tractors and combines on the sunflower oil in 1981 and still to this day. He filtered the pressed oil through old denim jeans and then a diesel fuel filter. Ain't not bad science, for it's day. Take care from Oklahoma Mike and 'That Dang Woman'.
Im surprised that was ever worth the effort. Fuel prices in the US are vastly cheaper than they are in Europe. Pressed sunflower seeds would make a high grade edible oil that would be worth much more than the equivalent amount of gasoline or diesel.
@@dfpguitar True. At that time, sunflower oil was nothing to the gallon and only mulched and put nitrogen in the soil, when turned under, for the cash crop of wheat next year. Thadd told me that cost savings were about 8 cents per gallon, all said. That meant the cost of the seedings, property rent, fuel from first harvest, next few years of harvest, and resoughlting yield and per acre. I will say that if he did hot press the seeds, his savings would have been higher.
@@mikebrooka9395 that is very interesting to know. Farming in the US must be very different to the UK with all that space. It's unimaginable to think of any oil crop being mulched in the UK. Also sunflowers are a strange choice as a nitrogen "green manure" . The farming I am familiar with uses plants like clover & alfalfa which fix nitrogen to soil while alive, and again when mulched as they are still soft & green. They are also perfect grazing for animals. Sunflowers are extremely fibrous by the time they flower, and by the time they seed they are like a cross between a stick and a rope. It's hard to imagine them even breaking down in a season. May I ask, do you know where the income source is for grain crops like wheat? Is the money straight from commercial buyers or is it government subsidy?
@@dfpguitar kind of depends. Some farms sell to commercial buyers under a contract. Most of the smaller farms sell to a local co-op that stores the grain until market value goes up and then they put it on railcars for its 'final' destination. Some years, the government will see the market value too low and pay farmers to not grow wheat at all. This all stays true for all commodity markets. It gets deeper, but that is the tip of the iceberg. Oh, the sunflowers fo degrade a bit faster than you would think when plowed under. As for nitrogen, we use anhydrous ammonia. It kills everything and sets in a lot of nitrogen (that is usually the case for wheat only farms). Old fashioned farmers will rotate legumes one year and wheat or cotton the next.
dfpguitar Generally no subsidies for grain producers, although it can happen. Usually to trigger that a natural disaster needs to have happened or something like a significant foreign subsidy has unexpectedly come into play. (Russia or China). This is generally for only one year as the farmers are expected to be smart enough to change crops if they aren't going to make any money farming what they were farming, or like my parents who couldn't afford to keep farming because of low wheat and barley prices, had to sell their farm and find new work.
Hmm. You might want to try just a straight distillation. The sticky components are probably less volatile than the stuff that you got. I've found that if you wrap something like that (2 liter?) flask loosely in aluminum foil and let it hang over the sides of the hot plate, you get pretty even heating. It might also be interesting to see what you get if you put the plant in your ball mill. Definitely a lot more surface area then.
Would depend on the advertisers really. Budweiser wouldn't like the potential competition, but Doritos, Mountain Dew and M'Lady's Finest Fedoras would be right in at their target audience.
It's not gumweed that they used, it was Rapeseed, or canola oil. I actually worked on this project with ARA. We used catalytichydrothermolosis, basically putting a water/canola oil mix into a supercritical state (very high heat, very high pressure). The product came out crude, and we shipped it for refining, so I don't know what that process entailed, but it was quite interesting, and very flammable. From what I understand the yield made it more expensive than standard Jet-A, but it was renewable, so they wanted us looking into it anyway.
Jake Mitch commonly known as canola which is just an acronym for rapeseed people can eat without getting cancer. I believe it’s erucic acid or something. Idk. It’s a brassica and one of the highest yielding oil crops we have. Also great for bees and used as a cover crop.
Looks like a nice slow burning jet fuel, be very nice for fuel for lighting lamps, and maybe camp stoves. Very creative video here Cody. Amazing what you can do from cheap things in your own environment. Imagination goes a long way.
Yes the Military has people with intelligent design patents on about everything lol, an if they don't now they will in the future. But this is a great video I learned a great deal of information. One that I didn't expect is why it's so hard to put out forest fires. Plants are using jet fuel to keep them burning lol now if we can come up with a way to stop this well "if" is a big to use but you get the message.
I can see people "off the grid" using gumweed oil for lanterns, if it could be stabilized enough for use. Any idea how long this would last, or would it be too volatile to store, like how gasoline breaks down over time?
If you're looking for interesting solvent extraction to try, I've wondered about a Soxhlet style device using butane, so instead of heating it at the bottom you refrigerate the top to condense it, and it boils itself out of the distillate at ambient temperature. You've certainly got enough experience with pressure vessels and cryogens to give it a go.
Carlos Martinez butane gets the waxes and fats as well as the oils but gets very little pigment or plant matter which is what makes it better then an alcohol solvent extraction process.
Definitely would be a great fuel for lanterns and things. That sooty flame is what you want. Awesome project. The gumweed seems very abundant and you can just gather it up and use as fuel. I love useful things like these. I truly believe the power grid will get out eventually and we will all be left to our own devices. Having cheap lamp oil or other fuel is amazing.
Kain Yusanagi Used to? The extra virgin olive oil gets it's name because it's the one obtained with the first cold press of the olives, then comes the virgin oil which gets heat pressed from the remains of the first press and then the rest of olive oils which are unlabeled as extra virgin or virgin are extracted from what's left with solvents. This is the process from 2000 years ago and still aplies today.
I think the extraction was wildly inefficient. His gloves got all sticky from cutting up the weeds. That shows there was a lot of oil in the plant in the plant material.
It could be possible, eventhough I tried this receipe with other plants with more oil content : - First dry the plants under sunlight for few days (not too long or they will lose most of the oil, just the right amount of time to let them crush under stress) - Crush them into fine powder (the point of drying) - Put them back in distilled water, in the same proportions you make with pancake dough. - Let them inflate covered overnight, the mix will be more firm - Place them in press between alternate layers of fine mesh stainless steel sieves Water should draw out with oil, heating the layers around 70°C will make oil more fluid and ease the process.
@@masonp1314 Well, thats the idea. I will do all the work, and was thinking on starting on his most viewed videos like rock to ring and see what happens.
Jaja gracias dude, sería chido poder enseñar estos videos a mis amigos y familia, soy el único que habla bien el inglés aparte de mi novia... Somos de la ciudad de México jaja en cualquier caso no tengo mucho tiempo pero si Cody quiere y tu también quieres podría ayudar un a traducir un poco también
You should try and use alcohol instead of water to extract the oils next run ;) Then evaporate the alcohol later at low temps and the oils are left. Your yield will increase enormously ;) And alcohol will extrct the terpenes and flavinoids much better wich will give you a more potent smelling endresult.
What handsome knowledge and skills. And a winning attitude about it all. Experiments are worth the experience, I'm glad your glassware got experience, too.
Cody you most likely over heated the terpenes and/or flavonoids in the flower. Try using a gravity-fed hexane extraction next time. Like propane or butane. Critical CO2 well work as well. Just that's not as easy to do at home.
You could try boiling it in a pressure cooker, take the steam off that and separate the essential oil using this process, but then you should also have some heavier oil on the surface of your water in the pressure cooker. Right now you are getting only the lightest oil that evaporates easily. (I think)
Idk why this guy keeps getting demonized since his videos are educational. What's youtube's vendetta against this poor guy. He's Inspired many young scientists like myself and probably done more good than harm on this platform...
TH-cam probably doesn't want him demonetized but their AI does wich is another question Why does the youtube AI hate him so much? Its not like he is showing off guns
The algorithm just uses indicators and every human interaction is probably to just accept those according to TH-cams rules, which are tighter than necessary to avoid things slipping through. Those humans have low paying jobs, essentially assisting a machine. That is what one gets when obeying machines. Soon the whole world will be ruled like that.
But why they can't have an actual person look into the case before something like a demonetization is issued, is beyond me. Even more so when it comes to copyright claims/strikes. People's lifes can depend on these decisions, and having only the confirm-button be used manually seems more than irresponsible. Obviously they don't have an infinite amount of employees, but at least for channels with a certain subscriber count (maybe 100k+ or so) they should ensure these decisions are made by a human.
These grow in my field. There's not much difference between fresh and dry. They have a very firm stem, almost woody. They have to support a wide top on a quite thin stem and they can get surprisingly large if they can get ahold of some water. They are wet in the pithy center where the moisture is protected from the heat and wind by the relatively thick woody layer.
I'll be darned! If this is the same stuff we call tar weed out west, I'd always wondered if you could make fuel out of it! Nice to know the idea wasn't so crazy.
Hi Cody.. so that's how it's done, thanks for the demo. We have a horrible grass in the Pilbara called Spinifex. Basically a sharp needle's ball that smells like turpentine. I recon that'd make rocket fuel the way it burns. Cheers Cody
would love to see you figure out a better way of refining gum weed and maybe running something on the oil, maybe a generator perhaps?? love your videos by the way, keep em coming
yep this is true, but fossil fuels will become more expensive when they become rarer. Plant based fuels are the future. The guy's that figure out which plants give the most oil's and the best way to extract those oil's will be laughing..
Honestly, I'm not sure fossil fuels are actually "cheap" or cost effective. Don't we substantially subsidize that industry?? Don't the processes involved create waste, byproducts, pollutants, creating more problems/cost??
At least someone said it. I was looking for a comment on that, first thing i thought, when he started the distillation... You have to crush the cells, Cody, they contain most of the oil!
** Cody So much easier to try out this method ... squish it between 2 heated aluminum plates in a shop press ... make hard compressed bar or puck from just the resin-y parts then place between 2 hot metal plates and press it out ... EXACTLY the process for making Cannabis Rosin ... Then refine that after zeroing in on prop temp ... may be more efficient but fun still.
Just a question for the intelligent people who watch this channel. Would it be viable to use techniques similar to what is seen in the production of marijuana concentrates to extract oil from plants such as gum weed? For example using butane or isopropyl alcohol to strip some of the plant's oils and then purging it off to create a stronger oil form of that plant? I am unsure of whether these techniques would be used only on marijuana due to the active chemicals within it (thc-a) and only focusing on extracting those specific chemicals along with turpeines and cannibinol etc. Or would these processes also work for the creation of essential oils from other natural sources. Another technique would be to press the plant in a hydraulic press between to heated plates as in the creation of rosin, another extract of cannabis. I'm just curious as to if these processes would work for creating essential oils from a variety of plants, or if people use these processes to obtain concentrated forms of only the naturally occurring psychoactive chemicals in marijuana specifically. Cool video anyways Cody loved this one, just as much as all of your other videos! I'd love to see you try and take some Damascus steel and process it to seperate the two metals. (Edit: wrote this before reading through some of the comments. Seems as though others have already suggested this.)
Probably the best technique would be to pulverize the plant material, then do a supercritical CO2 extraction - which is indeed the process used for high purity cannabis extracts. It's also used to extract delicate essential oils for fragrances and a whole host of other such uses. CO2 is cheap, non-flammable, and non-toxic - and thus at least theoretically ideal for use in industrial quantities, which is something that would be essential if one wanted to extract amounts of plant oil useful for fuel, especially if the oil is not strongly localized in a seed/bean [as with soy] that could be processed in other ways. sCO2 doesn't require really extreme conditions - warmer than 31.1C and at 72.9 atmospheres and up. That's a reason it's becoming ever more popular for this sort of thing. Cheap, relatively safe (definitely no fire danger from the solvent) and no residues left in the product.
@@FurrBeard I honestly had not even considered using super critical CO2. My initial thought was of course something like butane, but I can definitely see the safety benefits as well as the industrial usage. How would one purge off the CO2 that would remain in the finished product? As someone doing it at home I'm sure just letting it naturally vaporize would probably be the cheapest easiest way. But depending on its vaporizing rate it could take a while. I'm not sure exactly how long it would take but if it would be a problem I'm sure a simple double broiler would purify it fairly quickly. Or possibly a vacuum chamber. But that leaves me with another question. If one were to use a vacuum chamber would you have to determine the vaporizing pressure of the oil to know how far you can take the vacuum before worrying about losing any of the final product? I am very unfamiliar with vacuum chambers but they are fascinating to me and I would love to try some experimenting if I could ever afford one.
I really dig geeking out on your ideas and experiments really neat listening to and following your ideas and things you do on here just really cool something different and always keeps my attention for sure.
@Aimless Studios However, considering that it's in the desert, it's a relatively low-infrastructure way to get a diesel/kerosene analogue. Soybeans (oil) & wood (wood alcohol) to biodiesel is probably more efficient (and can produce charcoal as a secondary output), but is less practical in deserts & desert-like conditions.
@Aimless Studios Wood alcohol, methanol, is a byproduct of making charcoal. It isn't a direct byproduct, rather it comes from the carbon monoxide the wood lets out as it's heated in the charcoal producing process. I believe copper is the most common backcountry catalyst for methanol production. A few gallons of methanol is enough to catalyze most of a drum of vegetable oil into fuel suitable for diesel engines. Modern diesels can be surprisingly picky if you're forced to keep it in an emissions-test-passing configuration. However, I'm looking at this in the context of fueling vehicles. As well as the context of my area (wooded with lots of farmland), where soybeans have to be rotated through to replenish the fields. If we need to grow soybeans anyways, might as well make fuel from them. The remaining biomass feeds animals or goes back into the ground, although it could be turned into fuel as well.
Pack your distillation column with glass wool next time. The increased surface area provides surface area for the vapor to condense on, effectively increasing the length of the column and greatly improving your yield. It also traps more of the volatile compounds in the sap, making it smell more like flowers.
Although the military probably made this comment first, it seems like this plant has a lot of properties that would be beneficial on a mars colony. -makes concentrated, liquid fuel -CO2 scrubbing -feeds pollinators -produces bulk cellulose for ruminants, construction, cellulose to ethanol bio-conversion, composting, and soil production -compact -low water requirement -low fertilizer requirement -can grow in a thermal-mass heat storage area
99.999999999% of the time your not the first, just because it hasn't been posted on the internet doesn't mean someone hasn't already thought of it or done it. I'm glad you don't constantly title your videos worlds first, etc.
In BHO (butane hash oil), you would use butane to strip off the trichomes of the plant material to get your extract then purge it off with heat and/or a vacuum pump. I wonder if the butane method would yield more oil from the plant you used or the distillation method you used. Cause I think solventless extractions run for more $$$
Volumetric flask is for general mixing and titration. You wouldn't apply heat to a volumetric flask. That's what a boiling flask is for. Did you learn nothing from my chemistry class?
That's an Erlenmeyer flask, not a volumetric flask. And do you know who you're talking about? Of course he remembers chemistry class; he could teach one.
@@erichriedel466 You don't get it? It's a reference for the 1st episode of Breaking Bad... When Walter steals the chemistry material for cooking and Jesse says he cook in a volumetric flask
It may work good in some of the older 2.5 ton trucks from the 60's. The M35A2 has a multi fuel engine that will run on almost any liquid that will burn!
"Smells like kerosene, let's taste it!" - Cody 2018
XD
Naturally
Wouldn't you?
Only the best organic kerosene for Cody
its a plant. and its a kiss of oil.
You know it’s Cody’sLab when he has to worry about the military doing it first.
Cody is plain awesome.
MasterPlay no, you're awesome
I'm pretty sure the military goes to cody's patreon for ideas lol
The Navy has a system that can build jet fuel hydrocarbons out of nothing but seawater and electricity. Would actually be quite a measure cheaper than sourcing from fossil fuels.
Well there's a non-zero amount of CO2 in the atmosphere too. idk if it's a large enough amount, but it works for plants.
Can you do a tutorial on how to set up the spoon?
50
Lmao
You need a junkie spoon. Normal spoons are not suitable for use with lighters.
Stainless steel from dirt ?
Next video extracting anti matter from ant semen.
Squiggummer Figgammus XDD
Silly human everybody knows there's no antimatter in Ant semen it's dark matter
You called?
Or is it ant matter
Extracting 9/11 conspiracy theories from Flat Earthers
If this guy suddenly stops posting one day, you know why.
he smoked too much gumweed
Demonetized
Chu Dat what, can’t he upload from mars?
@@jacobgelven7194 what are you talking about??
@@ymir8599 i bet he is living on mars secretly and he has already terraformed the planet
You need to use more water Cody, half of the plant matter should be soaked with water. It looks pretty dry in you bottom flask. Also try blending your plant matter for a better yield.
More surface area, more product.
If he broke up the gum weed it might have released trapped oils.
Cody could almost build an actual jet (and fuel it, too) from raw materials found on his own property.
given 100 years
"Making f-16 fighter jet using cans and urine"
“Hi everybody, welcome back to Cody’s lab. Today I found 2 sticks in my backyard..... let’s see if we can turn this into an X-32 Fighter Jet shall we.”
-Cody
HTME/Cody’s Lab crossover on how to make a jet (and use it to keep the government from taking it away)
Almost? xD I don't see what he's missing, to be honest.
Amazing renewable fuel it’s kind of like propane but it’s a liquid not a gas oh how I love the smell of propane and propane accessories
How's Bobby and bill?
"Wut? That boy ain't right. I sell propane and propane asseries. Wahhh!"
The King Of The Hill was funny, still overrated though.
@@robinhyperlord9053 better then family guy or any of the new shit
@@milesrowe2263
FG us not as one dimensional.
Gumweed oil is a bastard fuel
it burns for a long time and very cleanly, seems to me it'd make a very good low octane fuel for some kind of generator, to reduce fuel upkeep
If you use a burner type generator id probably just chuck the whole plant in...
@@Arcanefungus .2% is oil, you'll be burning 99.8% just making heat and CO2.
@@whoknows8225 Isn't making heat the exact point of a burner generator?
"So i've got a spoon set up here". What a god. Where did he learn to set up a spoon so efficiently?
The angle it sits at... the sheer grace of it... and it's clean! Every time I set up a spoon it's just covered in leftover kraft mac & cheese!
Its cody, i bet he could have done it with a fork too, hes a genius
Did you also notice how he expertly tested the flames thermal output @ 5:59?
I gagged
At a drug convention
That stuff would make a good lamp fuel from how it burns.
I bet that's his final goal, he's a prepper.
that would explain so much
Yeah i thought so too but i think i'd take a bit to much effort for an hour to get enough oil without just killing all the plants that his bees like
Over a year though you might be able to get alot of lamp oil like this
Kerosene is probably cheaper than the electricity he'd use to distill an equivalent amount of oil, not to mention the time and effort. Firewood doesn't appear to be abundant for long term post-SHTF processing. Maybe if he developed a way to distill it with direct solar heating, but the return on time investment is still an issue.
I don't get why he didn't just use a rosin press
If you're smelling gumweed in the room where it wasn't before, then you're boiling it out the top.
thanks for that life lesson
if you're getting less than 100% efficiency in your processes though, at least you know you're on the right side of the law of thermodynamics
@@nathansmith3608 the argument could be had we'd rather not, though.
I read the title and everything as cumweed
Sounds like a breeding experiment is in order. Breed a strain of the plant that produces a heavy amount of oil, thereby improving your output yield. After that, it's just a matter of improving your distillation apparatus. Might be able to produce a viable product.
Cody don't stop because you saw an article, there is a huge difference between a proof of concept for running a car on weed or vs a jet on said weed oil. If the US Mil thought the plant had so much potential I think you should expand your testing.
I love how Cody refers to the ranch as his backyard
I wonder what his shit smells like
@barnyard maria jose
@@SmellyHam what about ellie?
I would be interested in seeing some test applications of this. Say in a small 2 stroke engine, maybe a small model rocket. Things like that, I'm sure you have other ideas for things that could works as fuel. It could be an interesting series if that's something your interested in.
interesting interests.
"Cody's Rocket Lab" Mini-Series
Or maybe... "Kody's Space Program"? ^_^
You go harvest 500 tonnes and send it to Cody!
This would be perfect for the ‘Project Farms’ channel where he tests engines with all sorts of different things and see what effect they have for better or worse. Oh man please Cody get in touch the them that would be an awesome collaboration!
I just watched a video on oranges and how they contain something exactly like gasoline "non polar... Something something"
excellent work!
Dude, you should make a video about the different types of condensers, so Cody gets a hint and stops using a Liebig where an Allihn is mandatory! So many losses to the wrong piece of glassware! Back when I studied to become a Physics & Chemistry teacher I was constantly amased at the poor choices that my classmates did. Oh, the delicate smell of DCM when you don't expect it! Cheers, and thanks to both of you for the vids. Can't support you guys yet but I thought a bit of constructive criticism, yet with a pinch of sarcasm, could help ;)
Collaboration video when? It's ok Cody is trustworthy.
Every science class I’ve ever been in:
“never taste the experiments”
Cody’s Lab:
“I’m going to taste it”
Zach S i always taste when im making KOH crystals to make sure it is the right substance
Tasting used to be an important part of early chemistry
you didn't have enough geology then.
@@ManTheBush To be fair early chemistry was much more dangerous. I wouldn't wanna touch anything in an alchemist's lab, there would be mercury everywhere.
Well, in fairness - it's the known product of essentially boiling a non-poisonous plant. You could honestly argue for it to be a seperated gumweed tea
"So...I don't think will be good to add to soap or perfumes any times soon. But, let's go see if it burns!"
I just love Cody's mind, that jumps from fragrances to flammability immediately
Cody it's also a project of the military to use a plastic made from dandelions to make tank treads. Plus it makes good tea lol
Alex Maguire OSU is making latex from dandelions
perhaps if the plant was crushed instead of cut it could yield more oil.
Not sure if the essential oils are coming from trichomes or maybe something in the pods, but drying the plants bone dry and blending it into a powder would likely increase yields, could be by a little, could be by a fair bit.
You mean as is done with many other materials?
Such as pressing with heat, and the reason for using steam is that it works with light volatiles and is limited more in the level of heat applied, and is better for getting essential oils when there is so much more dry materials than there is oil. This is the same process that is used to obtain Rose oil and many others. However it does not work with oils with a much higher boiling point than water.
Lightly slashed then crushed. Denaturation works well.
Really putting your Harry Potter knowledge to use.
.........I would use the Isomizer style reduction . Strip all the resins along with the volatile . I ❤ my Michigan medical reductions like wax ! Peace !
Me: A spoon
Cody, an intellectual: 5:25 "A spoon setup"
Lol yep
I think he said set up like a verb not a noun
He has a spoon set up. Not a spoon setup.
That's "the joke".
Hypercube 527 is "the joke" in quoation marks because it's not a good joke?
Missed title opportunity: Making Jet Fuel from Weed
Weed fuel can't melt steel beams!
Георги Ставрев
I'd go far as to say that the more weed fuel you have in the world, the less people want to melt steel beams in the first place.
D E M O N E T I Z E D
clickbait 101
Weed fuel can't melt your mind
So, just found out that one of two plants in my lawn has flammable oils in it. Immediately, I thought of this video to see what extracting said oils may entail.
Thank you for sharing your projects, as you've been the inspiration and accidental guide for many people.
I wanted to show my appreciation before I try anything, just as a habit.
Well done!
Many years ago, a 4-H Teen Leader raised a crop of black sunflower seeds (common name: Russian sunflower), they are oily as the dickens. He pressed the oil out with a modified cider press. It used plates with smaller and more holes. This brings me to the question, is it more efficient to press and then cook or just cook? Next question is would a solvent work better like acetone in the beaker and a layer of water in that (I forget it name) on top of the beaker. The 4-H Teen Leader ran his tractors and combines on the sunflower oil in 1981 and still to this day. He filtered the pressed oil through old denim jeans and then a diesel fuel filter. Ain't not bad science, for it's day.
Take care from Oklahoma
Mike and 'That Dang Woman'.
Im surprised that was ever worth the effort. Fuel prices in the US are vastly cheaper than they are in Europe. Pressed sunflower seeds would make a high grade edible oil that would be worth much more than the equivalent amount of gasoline or diesel.
@@dfpguitar True. At that time, sunflower oil was nothing to the gallon and only mulched and put nitrogen in the soil, when turned under, for the cash crop of wheat next year.
Thadd told me that cost savings were about 8 cents per gallon, all said. That meant the cost of the seedings, property rent, fuel from first harvest, next few years of harvest, and resoughlting yield and per acre.
I will say that if he did hot press the seeds, his savings would have been higher.
@@mikebrooka9395 that is very interesting to know. Farming in the US must be very different to the UK with all that space. It's unimaginable to think of any oil crop being mulched in the UK. Also sunflowers are a strange choice as a nitrogen "green manure" . The farming I am familiar with uses plants like clover & alfalfa which fix nitrogen to soil while alive, and again when mulched as they are still soft & green. They are also perfect grazing for animals. Sunflowers are extremely fibrous by the time they flower, and by the time they seed they are like a cross between a stick and a rope. It's hard to imagine them even breaking down in a season. May I ask, do you know where the income source is for grain crops like wheat? Is the money straight from commercial buyers or is it government subsidy?
@@dfpguitar kind of depends. Some farms sell to commercial buyers under a contract. Most of the smaller farms sell to a local co-op that stores the grain until market value goes up and then they put it on railcars for its 'final' destination. Some years, the government will see the market value too low and pay farmers to not grow wheat at all. This all stays true for all commodity markets. It gets deeper, but that is the tip of the iceberg. Oh, the sunflowers fo degrade a bit faster than you would think when plowed under. As for nitrogen, we use anhydrous ammonia. It kills everything and sets in a lot of nitrogen (that is usually the case for wheat only farms). Old fashioned farmers will rotate legumes one year and wheat or cotton the next.
dfpguitar Generally no subsidies for grain producers, although it can happen. Usually to trigger that a natural disaster needs to have happened or something like a significant foreign subsidy has unexpectedly come into play. (Russia or China). This is generally for only one year as the farmers are expected to be smart enough to change crops if they aren't going to make any money farming what they were farming, or like my parents who couldn't afford to keep farming because of low wheat and barley prices, had to sell their farm and find new work.
So Cody is refining uranium, manufacturing explosives, and extracting jet fuel...
There will be a video in the future labeled "The FBI came to my ranch" or in a news article "Local ranch raided by the FBI""
It's revenge for the sugar beet incident
Ranch owner succeeds and declares war on United States with nukes
If Cody needs some part of their ranch to be plowed, we can call the agency, there is some explosives or uranium hidden in underground.
maybe hes using the explosive and uranium to make a nuke, and use the jet fuel to fly the bomber
I feel like you'd love permaculture -- and you definitely have the land for it! I would certainly watch a Cody-style gardening series!
Is this a joke? He's had a gardening series for years
GumWeed? My childhood called that "little sunny flower" and it was on my frontyard..
Little did Jhon know, the sunflowers on his frontyard were actually WEED
You have Weeds. Gumweed is a desert weed.
I think you're thinking of dandelions
Unless you live a dry place like Arizona
Weed is a relative term. One man's weed is another man's food or poultice.
@@SoftBreadSoft Was just about to say this.
Not a Cody video if he doesn't taste his sample.
I haven't seen those videos...
Thats what I thought as well😂
its been awhile since he's done this much, try the cyanide video where he talks about dilution
I remember finding this channel a few years ago. Crazy how Cody is still managing to contour up something amazing!
Hmm. You might want to try just a straight distillation. The sticky components are probably less volatile than the stuff that you got. I've found that if you wrap something like that (2 liter?) flask loosely in aluminum foil and let it hang over the sides of the hot plate, you get pretty even heating.
It might also be interesting to see what you get if you put the plant in your ball mill. Definitely a lot more surface area then.
htomerif wheres your avatar from
Yeah, but he'd probably fuck up his ball mill. Just use a blender.
yeah that have a large weed yield for snoopdog
But the real question remains... Will you soon build a fully functional jet in your backyard?
Cody, you're a real inspiration to go out and learn. You have awesome ideas!
Were smoking rocketfuel from now on guys, lets make a joint
Roll
Maby snoopdog will smoke some
You've been Gnomed they have a strain called jetfuel
So, how long until demonetised for having "weed" in the title?
TH-cam probably thinks weed is a good thing (I'm not getting into that argument.)
Would depend on the advertisers really. Budweiser wouldn't like the potential competition, but Doritos, Mountain Dew and M'Lady's Finest Fedoras would be right in at their target audience.
@@parkerproffitt3012 you already did by just saying that lol
@@drunkenhobo8020 microbreweries are already making beer with hemp. Nobody will get any competition, just a new product to market lol
But is GumWeed its different
*GuMWeEd fUeL CaN'T MelT STeEl BeAms*
lmao good one
America invades Codys backyard, when plants found produce OIL
Steel Beans
Steel spoons
You better change your tone before we fire you and hire someone who says they can
It's not gumweed that they used, it was Rapeseed, or canola oil. I actually worked on this project with ARA. We used catalytichydrothermolosis, basically putting a water/canola oil mix into a supercritical state (very high heat, very high pressure). The product came out crude, and we shipped it for refining, so I don't know what that process entailed, but it was quite interesting, and very flammable. From what I understand the yield made it more expensive than standard Jet-A, but it was renewable, so they wanted us looking into it anyway.
+Jake Mitch You can thank Bill Cosby for both of those....
How did your family get the last name Dickinson?
Jake Mitch commonly known as canola which is just an acronym for rapeseed people can eat without getting cancer. I believe it’s erucic acid or something. Idk. It’s a brassica and one of the highest yielding oil crops we have. Also great for bees and used as a cover crop.
Rapeseed? I thought those ended up in orphanages to be adopted? ;___;
A M that ain’t even funny dude
I never fail to be fascinated by the content you make. Chemical reactions, extractions, mining, farming bees and plants. Keep doing what you do ^-^
Looks like a nice slow burning jet fuel, be very nice for fuel for lighting lamps,
and maybe camp stoves. Very creative video here Cody. Amazing what you
can do from cheap things in your own environment. Imagination goes a long
way.
Yes the Military has people with intelligent design patents on about everything lol, an if they don't now they will in the future. But this is a great video I learned a great deal of information. One that I didn't expect is why it's so hard to put out forest fires. Plants are using jet fuel to keep them burning lol now if we can come up with a way to stop this well "if" is a big to use but you get the message.
Harvest the plants, extract the oil and return the leftover biomass to become fertilizer
I can see people "off the grid" using gumweed oil for lanterns, if it could be stabilized enough for use. Any idea how long this would last, or would it be too volatile to store, like how gasoline breaks down over time?
Later on Primitive technology:
Molokov cocktail in the wild
Molotov*
If you're looking for interesting solvent extraction to try, I've wondered about a Soxhlet style device using butane, so instead of heating it at the bottom you refrigerate the top to condense it, and it boils itself out of the distillate at ambient temperature. You've certainly got enough experience with pressure vessels and cryogens to give it a go.
That's what I thought!
Butane exracts more than the oils and brings pigments from the plant making the oil contaminated with pigments and plant matter
Carlos Martinez butane gets the waxes and fats as well as the oils but gets very little pigment or plant matter which is what makes it better then an alcohol solvent extraction process.
We are sorry to inform you that this video has been demonetized.
Cause: Title contains the word "weed"
Your TH-cam team
@Quack Quark they still demonitized him
Amber Bacome no way they did? Looool
Definitely would be a great fuel for lanterns and things. That sooty flame is what you want. Awesome project. The gumweed seems very abundant and you can just gather it up and use as fuel. I love useful things like these. I truly believe the power grid will get out eventually and we will all be left to our own devices. Having cheap lamp oil or other fuel is amazing.
Wonder if you would get more from a press then distilled?
Thats the point, you press it so there is no space for the oil to be absorbed in.
Y'know how they used to get olive oil, yeah? Yeah.
Kain Yusanagi Used to? The extra virgin olive oil gets it's name because it's the one obtained with the first cold press of the olives, then comes the virgin oil which gets heat pressed from the remains of the first press and then the rest of olive oils which are unlabeled as extra virgin or virgin are extracted from what's left with solvents. This is the process from 2000 years ago and still aplies today.
I think the extraction was wildly inefficient. His gloves got all sticky from cutting up the weeds. That shows there was a lot of oil in the plant in the plant material.
It could be possible, eventhough I tried this receipe with other plants with more oil content :
- First dry the plants under sunlight for few days (not too long or they will lose most of the oil, just the right amount of time to let them crush under stress)
- Crush them into fine powder (the point of drying)
- Put them back in distilled water, in the same proportions you make with pancake dough.
- Let them inflate covered overnight, the mix will be more firm
- Place them in press between alternate layers of fine mesh stainless steel sieves
Water should draw out with oil, heating the layers around 70°C will make oil more fluid and ease the process.
Cody! Can i add spanish subtitles to your vids?so that more people can learn from your content. Cheers from Argentina!
If you speak both languages well, you could probably offer to help translate it for him
@@masonp1314 Well, thats the idea. I will do all the work, and was thinking on starting on his most viewed videos like rock to ring and see what happens.
Jaja gracias dude, sería chido poder enseñar estos videos a mis amigos y familia, soy el único que habla bien el inglés aparte de mi novia... Somos de la ciudad de México jaja en cualquier caso no tengo mucho tiempo pero si Cody quiere y tu también quieres podría ayudar un a traducir un poco también
Si lo haces ojalá lo puedas hacer en idioma neutro para que la gente de distintos países pueda entender bien y no se confundan con regionalismos.
Of course i will do it so that everyone can understand it, but Cody seems to miss my comments whenever i suggest something like this.
Getting all that weed back out of the flask must've sucked
metho, and a match. carbon can be washed out with acetone.
im waiting for the US army to invade cody's home since he made oil
this makes me feel like I can do science experiments with my bong.
You should try and use alcohol instead of water to extract the oils next run ;)
Then evaporate the alcohol later at low temps and the oils are left.
Your yield will increase enormously ;)
And alcohol will extrct the terpenes and flavinoids much better wich will give you a more potent smelling endresult.
Terpenes and Flavinoids sounds like derogatory terms.
"YOU DAMN TERPENES!"
So better weed for snoopdog
Would pulverizing the flowers and stems aid in better extraction?
(It would at least allow for more plant per volume)
I propose a challenge for you: Can you extract oxygen from Lunar Regolith Simulant? It's very rich in oxygen, so I'd imagine it would be possible.
What handsome knowledge and skills. And a winning attitude about it all. Experiments are worth the experience, I'm glad your glassware got experience, too.
Cody you most likely over heated the terpenes and/or flavonoids in the flower. Try using a gravity-fed hexane extraction next time. Like propane or butane. Critical CO2 well work as well. Just that's not as easy to do at home.
He had space if he wanted to
I did something similar extracting lemon oil, I think it helps a lot to grind it further down
You could try boiling it in a pressure cooker, take the steam off that and separate the essential oil using this process, but then you should also have some heavier oil on the surface of your water in the pressure cooker. Right now you are getting only the lightest oil that evaporates easily. (I think)
Idk why this guy keeps getting demonized since his videos are educational. What's youtube's vendetta against this poor guy. He's Inspired many young scientists like myself and probably done more good than harm on this platform...
Demonetized.
ahahahha
TH-cam probably doesn't want him demonetized but their AI does wich is another question
Why does the youtube AI hate him so much? Its not like he is showing off guns
The algorithm just uses indicators and every human interaction is probably to just accept those according to TH-cams rules, which are tighter than necessary to avoid things slipping through. Those humans have low paying jobs, essentially assisting a machine.
That is what one gets when obeying machines. Soon the whole world will be ruled like that.
But why they can't have an actual person look into the case before something like a demonetization is issued, is beyond me. Even more so when it comes to copyright claims/strikes. People's lifes can depend on these decisions, and having only the confirm-button be used manually seems more than irresponsible. Obviously they don't have an infinite amount of employees, but at least for channels with a certain subscriber count (maybe 100k+ or so) they should ensure these decisions are made by a human.
poor cody gettin salty about the military already thinkin of his idea
Zbionix / Caleb H. CONFIRM
There is no such thing as "salty".
Salt isn't salty
@Robin Apparently you've never caught glimpse of a Salty Old Sea-Dog :)
I have and when I picked him he didn't tast "salty"
2:32 That fan sound makes me happy. It reminds me of summer, getting plants from Lowe's or something.
The weed looks quite dry.. in my experience fresh herbs have the highest yield
These grow in my field. There's not much difference between fresh and dry. They have a very firm stem, almost woody. They have to support a wide top on a quite thin stem and they can get surprisingly large if they can get ahold of some water. They are wet in the pithy center where the moisture is protected from the heat and wind by the relatively thick woody layer.
*Extracting Gold from Pee?!*
I mean he did do it with gunpowder a while back so it's probably possible.
Maybe he'll discover a new element whilst he's at it.
Peenium
*Extracting pee from gold!?!?!?*
Better hit the liquor store for some gold shclagger first
I'll be darned! If this is the same stuff we call tar weed out west, I'd always wondered if you could make fuel out of it! Nice to know the idea wasn't so crazy.
-Smells like Kerosene
-Lets taste it
lmao
you copied the top comment.
You can put the big oil company's out of buisness if Cody goes missing yoU know why lol
I like the fact that you are finding new renewable fuels
Waiting for that steel beam comment
Your Neighbour
OUUUU VAYUUUUU
BAAADDDDA NON YAPAENSE
Look above you
steel beam comment
***The US Army wants to know your location***
thank god.
that means they dont know yet
lol i wanted to make an oil/invasion comment but thought, nah thats lame. then i saw yours :P
Can't let the hippies win. Oil fo Lyfe ..
Hi Cody.. so that's how it's done, thanks for the demo. We have a horrible grass in the Pilbara called Spinifex.
Basically a sharp needle's ball that smells like turpentine.
I recon that'd make rocket fuel the way it burns. Cheers Cody
GUN? and WEED on the same video???????
no ads 4 u
Gum*
TH-cam doesnt care
Extracting jet fuel from steel beams
only the ones found in NY.
from weed beams
@@innerg_92 especially in twins
Dude Cody is so smart!!! It’s actually ridiculous. True talent.
would love to see you figure out a better way of refining gum weed and maybe running something on the oil, maybe a generator perhaps?? love your videos by the way, keep em coming
There are so many promising natural sources of biofuel. It's an under researched area.
We shouldn't really have to drill or mine for our fuels, if we put our minds to it that is. So many plants we can get oils from to make fuel.
+Ben brazier Obviously it all boils down to economics. As long as fossil fuels are cheaper, oil companies will continue to exploit them.
yep this is true, but fossil fuels will become more expensive when they become rarer. Plant based fuels are the future. The guy's that figure out which plants give the most oil's and the best way to extract those oil's will be laughing..
Honestly, I'm not sure fossil fuels are actually "cheap" or cost effective. Don't we substantially subsidize that industry?? Don't the processes involved create waste, byproducts, pollutants, creating more problems/cost??
You could probably extract it more efficiently if you sherded it
At least someone said it. I was looking for a comment on that, first thing i thought, when he started the distillation... You have to crush the cells, Cody, they contain most of the oil!
It makes decent Biodiesel, lower yield as noted here, but decent fuel none the less. Cody's Lab rocks!
Cody: let’s see if we can extract oil from gum weed
FBI: * muffle banging on door* FBI OPEN UP!!
They don't knock they'd just blow off the hinges.
We miss your videos Cody!
** Cody So much easier to try out this method ... squish it between 2 heated aluminum plates in a shop press ... make hard compressed bar or puck from just the resin-y parts then place between 2 hot metal plates and press it out ... EXACTLY the process for making Cannabis Rosin ... Then refine that after zeroing in on prop temp ... may be more efficient but fun still.
Try a large scale extraction of this
Just a question for the intelligent people who watch this channel.
Would it be viable to use techniques similar to what is seen in the production of marijuana concentrates to extract oil from plants such as gum weed? For example using butane or isopropyl alcohol to strip some of the plant's oils and then purging it off to create a stronger oil form of that plant? I am unsure of whether these techniques would be used only on marijuana due to the active chemicals within it (thc-a) and only focusing on extracting those specific chemicals along with turpeines and cannibinol etc. Or would these processes also work for the creation of essential oils from other natural sources. Another technique would be to press the plant in a hydraulic press between to heated plates as in the creation of rosin, another extract of cannabis. I'm just curious as to if these processes would work for creating essential oils from a variety of plants, or if people use these processes to obtain concentrated forms of only the naturally occurring psychoactive chemicals in marijuana specifically.
Cool video anyways Cody loved this one, just as much as all of your other videos! I'd love to see you try and take some Damascus steel and process it to seperate the two metals.
(Edit: wrote this before reading through some of the comments. Seems as though others have already suggested this.)
Jake Pryor wow dats alot of writing wish you luck finding some on to answer
Probably the best technique would be to pulverize the plant material, then do a supercritical CO2 extraction - which is indeed the process used for high purity cannabis extracts. It's also used to extract delicate essential oils for fragrances and a whole host of other such uses. CO2 is cheap, non-flammable, and non-toxic - and thus at least theoretically ideal for use in industrial quantities, which is something that would be essential if one wanted to extract amounts of plant oil useful for fuel, especially if the oil is not strongly localized in a seed/bean [as with soy] that could be processed in other ways.
sCO2 doesn't require really extreme conditions - warmer than 31.1C and at 72.9 atmospheres and up. That's a reason it's becoming ever more popular for this sort of thing. Cheap, relatively safe (definitely no fire danger from the solvent) and no residues left in the product.
Tho thats what i thought
lol I dunno
@@FurrBeard I honestly had not even considered using super critical CO2. My initial thought was of course something like butane, but I can definitely see the safety benefits as well as the industrial usage. How would one purge off the CO2 that would remain in the finished product? As someone doing it at home I'm sure just letting it naturally vaporize would probably be the cheapest easiest way. But depending on its vaporizing rate it could take a while. I'm not sure exactly how long it would take but if it would be a problem I'm sure a simple double broiler would purify it fairly quickly. Or possibly a vacuum chamber. But that leaves me with another question. If one were to use a vacuum chamber would you have to determine the vaporizing pressure of the oil to know how far you can take the vacuum before worrying about losing any of the final product? I am very unfamiliar with vacuum chambers but they are fascinating to me and I would love to try some experimenting if I could ever afford one.
I really dig geeking out on your ideas and experiments really neat listening to and following your ideas and things you do on here just really cool something different and always keeps my attention for sure.
0:14
*Military jumps on Cody yelling "give me the oil!"*
*In the voice of Peter Griffin: WHY ARE WE NOT FUNDING THIS?!
It was more cost effective to use kerosene
If you want biofuels just gasify some biomass and use a Fischer Tropsch reaction. Significantly higher yield and flexibility in feedstock.
@Aimless Studios However, considering that it's in the desert, it's a relatively low-infrastructure way to get a diesel/kerosene analogue.
Soybeans (oil) & wood (wood alcohol) to biodiesel is probably more efficient (and can produce charcoal as a secondary output), but is less practical in deserts & desert-like conditions.
@Aimless Studios Wood alcohol, methanol, is a byproduct of making charcoal. It isn't a direct byproduct, rather it comes from the carbon monoxide the wood lets out as it's heated in the charcoal producing process. I believe copper is the most common backcountry catalyst for methanol production.
A few gallons of methanol is enough to catalyze most of a drum of vegetable oil into fuel suitable for diesel engines. Modern diesels can be surprisingly picky if you're forced to keep it in an emissions-test-passing configuration.
However, I'm looking at this in the context of fueling vehicles. As well as the context of my area (wooded with lots of farmland), where soybeans have to be rotated through to replenish the fields. If we need to grow soybeans anyways, might as well make fuel from them. The remaining biomass feeds animals or goes back into the ground, although it could be turned into fuel as well.
Pack your distillation column with glass wool next time. The increased surface area provides surface area for the vapor to condense on, effectively increasing the length of the column and greatly improving your yield. It also traps more of the volatile compounds in the sap, making it smell more like flowers.
Nice use of interrobang in the thumbnail
Always remember what jumbos neutron says : dont do drug , do science
-but science make drug tho
Shut
r/ihadastroke
wow haha
Although the military probably made this comment first, it seems like this plant has a lot of properties that would be beneficial on a mars colony.
-makes concentrated, liquid fuel
-CO2 scrubbing
-feeds pollinators
-produces bulk cellulose for ruminants, construction, cellulose to ethanol bio-conversion, composting, and soil production
-compact
-low water requirement
-low fertilizer requirement
-can grow in a thermal-mass heat storage area
Cody, is it possible to use this method for extraction other oils? For example mint.
Resow no mint only makes tea
yes.
It’s not easy being green :(
99.999999999% of the time your not the first, just because it hasn't been posted on the internet doesn't mean someone hasn't already thought of it or done it. I'm glad you don't constantly title your videos worlds first, etc.
Cody'sDab
dednoob6 I saw what you did there
In BHO (butane hash oil), you would use butane to strip off the trichomes of the plant material to get your extract then purge it off with heat and/or a vacuum pump. I wonder if the butane method would yield more oil from the plant you used or the distillation method you used. Cause I think solventless extractions run for more $$$
of all the skills needed on mars, @cody is a pro weedtrimmer and wildcrafter
America wants to: know your location
Imagin one day a car that runs off of weeds how would it sound??
Like snoop dog
@That Guy James do you mean weed car?
Thank you for captioning these vids. Or at least whoever did should get thanks.
Volumetric flask is for general mixing and titration. You wouldn't apply heat to a volumetric flask. That's what a boiling flask is for. Did you learn nothing from my chemistry class?
Yeah, using the wrong kind of flask surely reduced the yield, but it worked well enough for a proof of concept.
Cody must of skipped watching Breaking Bad also .....
.
That's an Erlenmeyer flask, not a volumetric flask. And do you know who you're talking about? Of course he remembers chemistry class; he could teach one.
@@erichriedel466 You don't get it? It's a reference for the 1st episode of Breaking Bad... When Walter steals the chemistry material for cooking and Jesse says he cook in a volumetric flask
@@rustyshackleford5762 r/woosh
what happened to codys mine?
It probably collapsed
It may work good in some of the older 2.5 ton trucks from the 60's. The M35A2 has a multi fuel engine that will run on almost any liquid that will burn!
Can i smoke it?
who smokes alcohol?
@@lutyanoalves444 Look up "smoking alcohol"
You would be surprised.