9:17 When you come from a pen-and-ink culture, you assume that every single little variation means something, but it's a total revelation that there are ONLY THREE GRAPHEMES! Suddenly all those clay tablets feel decipherable! Thank you sir!
Pretty simple and logical because it uses things accessible to anybody: clay and sticks. The stylus was a reed that breaks off naturally in that shape, and you can find clay anywhere and you don't have to spend 20 USD. It's easiest to find clay deposits by a riverbank because unlike dirt, it has a different (lighter) colour and it's greasy to the touch. I had a deposit of clay on my property because my house sat on a medieval potter's workshop, and in its pure form, the clay is usually yellow, light brown or light greenish. If it's mixed with dirt, it's really easy to separate. Just mix it all with water in a bucket to form a thin mud and then strain the mud away through a cloth. The clay has finer particles than the dirt, and when the water evaporates, you have nearly pure clay. I've also found it by river banks where if you wade through the river in the shallow portions, and you see a strand of what looks like different-coloured dirt at the bottom, that's clay. Clay is a very forgiving material to work with because the shape isn't permanent until it's heated to about 250 C. That means that you can make something out of it and let it dry, where it'll be hard, but still soluble in water and you can re-do it as many times as you want to. It's only after it dries AND burns in an oven that the shape becomes permanent. It also hardens much slower than plaster, making it perfect for art. It's also completely non-toxic, so it's safe for kids to use. Some people even eat clay because it's supposed to clear out the fat from your intestines. They usually use bentonite clay but you can eat basically any clay because it's all sterile and inert.
Thank you!! I’m very interested in writing systems, and any source I could find never explained how to make the winkelhaken (hook). You have scratched an itch in my mind
In Hebrew and Arabic often Yod or "Y" would be used for the "ee" Latin "i" sound, Vav or "W" would be used for the long "u", similar to Latin i and v playing the role of both vowel and "y" and "w/v". The "h" and "kh" correspond to Greek "epison" "eh" the "Ayn" becomes the Greek "o" "oh". The "Ah" is the glottal stop "Alepha/Alef". While it is true that vowels can also be completely snuck in from "context" that is how you get you basic five vowel system, similar to Spanish, Japanese, or Sanskrit form a "pure consonant" Semitic language. So it is a way that is more authentic you can pass on to your students interested in writing their names with vowels. So Steeve would be the styv.
But . . . just to be a pain, sorry, it could be for STYB in place of Steve since there is no "V" in Cuneiform. The interesting thing is that the first 3 letters of the Ugaritic alphabet are the same first 3 letters as the Paleo Hebrew alphabet from the first temple period (A,B,G). Anyhow, in Hebrew the B sometimes sounds as a V based on the orientation of the Dilithium crystals in the warp drive ;)
It went great! I’ve got around ten finished and dried tablets most with my favorite movie and book quotes all over them! I have to say it’s a great way to pass the time and strangely calming and therapeutic. I didn’t even have to spend any money as I was able to find the clay and bamboo locally. Thanks for sharing this great bit of knowledge with the world. :)
O thank u sooo much sir you helped me too much I have to make project on it and now you helped me so now I will make it and see how it goes and thank u so much once again sir thank you thank you soooo much.
@@yasminturner2605 I started a PhD in Semitic linguistics at Tel Aviv University a few months ago. My thesis will involve the language of the El-Amarna letters, which are written in a dialect of Peripherial Akkadian.
@@yasminturner2605 Hey, I started writing cuneiform and it is awesome! Everyone I show it to, is also fascinated with this. I noticed some of the clay tablets start to crack after they are dry, got any tips on how to avoid this? Also, do you have suggested measures for an ordinary clay tablet?
@@idoroi5124 Awesome!!! Yeah, once people actually see it, they seem to really appreciate it! Cracks are the result of air pockets inside the clay. Check your clay to make sure its perfectly smooth and not grainy first (I tried experimenting once by making clay out of soil that I ground up and filtered myself, and had the same problem). If the clay is decent quality, then make sure you knead the clay very well to get rid of any air pockets. In the past year, I’ve even learned a new method of tablet making that involves rolling the clay into two thin layers with a rolling pin. It works well. Finally, make sure before you start writing that the surface of the clay is perfectly smooth. As you write, make sure the clay stays wet-especially if you’re writing outside or in the sun, it can start to dry out quickly. Finally, after you’re done writing, go over it once more to smooth out any cracks. For measurements, it depends on the type of tablet you’re making. In ancient times, school practice tablets (called “lentils”), were small, convex disks that were about the size of the palm of the hand-about 6-8 cm in diameter, and 1.5-2 cm thick in the middle. Tablets with small texts were usually rectangular, and about the width and length of a cell phone-about 10-16 cm long, 5-8cm wide, and about 1.5-2 cm thick or so. Larger texts (like mythological texts or letters) were about the size of an average sized book, proportionately, but could vary greatly in sizes.
Fantastic! Have fun and let me know how it goes! I'm actually considering having several activities on this published and made available to teachers! 😊
Thanks for the videos, man! They were super helpful for learning to make and write with a stylus! ^_^ It's a lot easier than writing them out with a pen! XD
Hi! thank you for this video, I´m really looking forward to doing this with my class 5 at solvikskolan! But I cant find your homepage that you reffering to in the video for the paper with cuneiform. Please write the adress! Best xx Anna
Until you need it no more. Lol. I've worked with clay in the past and in general you work the clay with a touch of water until it feels uniformly supple and void of large cracks.
Unfortunately, the website I made is no longer available. I'm currently building a new one. I hope to get a couple of activities like this published and available for everyone. In the meantime, the link below has a good, downloadable letter sheet in Ugaritic. It's not the one I made and have in the video, but it says pretty much the same thing: bencrowder.net/ugaritic-alphabet/
So that's why cuneiform looks like that, it has to be indentations because it's clay, dragging a stylus over the surface would ruin it. Pretty ingenious.
@@sonofakkad They were many ethnic groups in mesopotamia not only sumerians. they were also akadians for example wich were semitic but sumerians were not semitics.
@@mesopotamiankurdishgirl6539 these were all city states of who were the same ethnic race. The other ethnicities were very small and often not even attributed within the government census. Assur came first….there’s a reason they call it Assyriology and not Sumerianlogy. I wouldn’t expect a Kurd to know this. How can you even have Mesopotamia in your name lol….nothing but cultural Appropriation
@@mesopotamiankurdishgirl6539 Cuneiform was invented by Sumerians but used by many other cultures such as the Akkadians, Hittites, Elamites, and Hurrians.
Well, the English J wasnt really a thing until in the 16th Century AD it was used as a way to express the dental sound its now used for today (as in “jump”). Before that, it was used as a way to express the I sound as a consonant. Today, in English, we usually use a Y to express that sound. So for example, “James” was actually pronounced “Yames” (if the J/Y consonant was the only difference in pronunciation). So in short, in this alphabet listing, J is Y. ☺️
As in, the name "Ali"? If so, then you can use the Ugaritic alphabet chart in this video, and write aleph (the very first letter), lamed and your, or "A", "L" and "Y": th-cam.com/video/K_ydoapnraE/w-d-xo.html
Truth be told, I never did it because I didn't expect this video to go anywhere. But here is a link to a site for a Biblical Archaeology class I taught last year. Just look at the Cuneiform Activity, and you'll find all the materials. Sorry for the confusion!
Well, it of course depends on where you live. In my experience, it's pretty much the same all over the U.S., if you're from the States. Most places you can get various sizes of boxes, ranging anywhere from $4-30, depending on how much you wanna buy. The box I show here was about $25 at Hobby Lobby, if I recall correctly. It's a really cheap activity to do, and probably among the cheapest of hobbies you could have, haha!
You recommended that children "make up their own vowels": May I suggest morse code? Stand the dashes up and use triangles for dots. You can squish the dots and dashes really close so they practically overlap. If you know morse code the letters jump out at you. You could search "mountain morse code" and you will have a serviceable example which can be improved for clay. This will give a dual purpose lesson and simplify cuneiform which requires foreign language examples. Good luck (--. --- --- -.. / .-.. ..- -.-. -.-) might look like this: ||' ||| ||| |'' / '|'' ''| |'|' |'|. Or just the vowels: .- . .. --- ..-
I'm really glad you brought this up! Yes, you could use morse. Myself, I'd actually prefer the Hebrew vowel diacritics system, because both Hebrew and Ugaritic are of the same linguistic branch, neither use vowels and Hebrew has developed the diacritics system for that very purpose. This way it applies a simple solution without implementing a Western concept. However, I am happy to say that since I made this video, I've earned my MA, and learned both Akkadian and Sumerian; and have since developed a full alphabet for each language based on original signs, which includes vowels. I now teach this at my current job in Kentucky, and am considering having several classroom activities based on this published and made available to teachers.
Tbf although I was religious at the time, I am no longer: but even then I didn't mention the name because of my own religious views, but because of the common identification for the vast number of people who recognize the name from the Abrahamic religions in connection with Sumer - including the vast majority of the Iraqi population who live in southern Iraq. Whether religious or not, a good portion of the world's population can identify this name and mentally relate it to Mesopotamia. It therefore is a useful tool to draw a connective relationship for many between the present and ancient Mesopotamia.
@@mark-edward.9232 Oh, absolutely. No worries. I just didn't understand lol. And I completely agree. The alphabet used is only partially based on Ugaritic, with some minor changes made (including vowels like these) to make it easier for kids to use a a code to transliterate. I also have created a similar transliteration coding "alphabet" based on Sumerian (Ur III period) cuneiform signs. ❤️
@@yasminturner2605 [Wow, Sounds great. One will be busy this week Studying. Thank you for the information. Extreamly great full. I feel like a kid in a cany store at the moment 😂. ]
Steven Turner who in the hell you think you fooling man cuz you're sure in the hell is not fooling me. With your cuneiform writing. The ancient people of KMT was already using the papyrus plant as writing paper in ancient time. The Hebrew language was invented by a German in 1881 ad/ce. The time it was revived is the time it was invented. Mesopotamia, Sumerians, Babylonians, Abraham, Assyria and Kingdom Israel didn't exist in ancient times. Biblical stories didn't exist in ancient times. Mesopotamia history has no facts just storytelling.
Well, I don’t know what you mean about fooling someone; but you are correct in that Egyptians were writing on papyrus in ancient times. As a matter of fact, it does indeed appear that Egyptian and Sumerian (both hieroglyphs and cumeiform) were invented in close proximity to each other, temporally speaking - the precursors to cuneiform being “invented” ca. 3,400 BCE, while hieroglyphs ca. 3,100 BCE. But assuming these dates are indeed correct, cuneiform is a few centuries older. But in the end, it really doesn’t make any difference: it’s really awesome that these two different kinds of scripts developed independently around the same time period. My friend, I don’t know about you: but to me, that is really cool, and carries a lot of meaning in itself. ☺️
@@yasminturner2605 You have no facts that some sumer ever existed. No ancient grave sites nothing all you Europeans do is tell stories with no facts (Mesopotamia) some s*** that was named in ad/ce time. Just because the Europeans says summer is older than KMT doesn't mean it's true! KMT has lots of facts of existence! Summer as really no facts of ancient existence! You spelled Steven Turner in cuneiform writing get the f*** out of here!
I’m not sure how to say this, but the Sumerians were not European, nor were they white. Sumer is southern Iraq. And beyond any textbooks or archaeological journals, I myself have handled several Sumerian artifacts, and have friends in Iraq who constantly share videos of Sumerian cities, archaeological sites, and much much more. But I don’t think this is about evidence or facts, my friend. So I’ll let this go and wish you well. Always keep learning and growing my friend. I will too.
@@SerbianMoss I am one of those people who have devoted their lives to this study. I have a BA from the University of Memphis in History and Anthropology and an MA in Assyriology from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. I have served in multiple museums and research centers throughout the world. I am also currently applying for a PhD program in Assyriology.
God wills you live you should get the clay from the land, stream, river, etc. You must love Jehovah your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind and with all your strength. You must love your neighbor as yourself. Jesus the anointed is Lord! Repent and be baptized and believe the Gospel.
9:17 When you come from a pen-and-ink culture, you assume that every single little variation means something, but it's a total revelation that there are ONLY THREE GRAPHEMES! Suddenly all those clay tablets feel decipherable! Thank you sir!
Pretty simple and logical because it uses things accessible to anybody: clay and sticks. The stylus was a reed that breaks off naturally in that shape, and you can find clay anywhere and you don't have to spend 20 USD. It's easiest to find clay deposits by a riverbank because unlike dirt, it has a different (lighter) colour and it's greasy to the touch. I had a deposit of clay on my property because my house sat on a medieval potter's workshop, and in its pure form, the clay is usually yellow, light brown or light greenish. If it's mixed with dirt, it's really easy to separate. Just mix it all with water in a bucket to form a thin mud and then strain the mud away through a cloth. The clay has finer particles than the dirt, and when the water evaporates, you have nearly pure clay. I've also found it by river banks where if you wade through the river in the shallow portions, and you see a strand of what looks like different-coloured dirt at the bottom, that's clay. Clay is a very forgiving material to work with because the shape isn't permanent until it's heated to about 250 C. That means that you can make something out of it and let it dry, where it'll be hard, but still soluble in water and you can re-do it as many times as you want to. It's only after it dries AND burns in an oven that the shape becomes permanent. It also hardens much slower than plaster, making it perfect for art. It's also completely non-toxic, so it's safe for kids to use. Some people even eat clay because it's supposed to clear out the fat from your intestines. They usually use bentonite clay but you can eat basically any clay because it's all sterile and inert.
Very informative, and a great story thank you!
So long
C
Thank you... I helped me to know about cuneiform
Thank you. I needed to make an illustration of this process and this was incredibly helpful.
Amazing! Exactly what I have been looking for so long. And I love how you explain it. You must be a great teacher. Thank you!
Very Informative and helpful! Thank you so much for sharing this bit of knowledge, I had no Idea how easy this would be!!!
So glad I found this video, now I can write my complaint to the jackass who sold me bad copper a while back.
Omg I laughed way too hard at this 🤣🤣🤣🤣
Same. Screw that guy and his crappy copper
Thank you!! I’m very interested in writing systems, and any source I could find never explained how to make the winkelhaken (hook). You have scratched an itch in my mind
Very nice
In Hebrew and Arabic often Yod or "Y" would be used for the "ee" Latin "i" sound, Vav or "W" would be used for the long "u", similar to Latin i and v playing the role of both vowel and "y" and "w/v". The "h" and "kh" correspond to Greek "epison" "eh" the "Ayn" becomes the Greek "o" "oh". The "Ah" is the glottal stop "Alepha/Alef". While it is true that vowels can also be completely snuck in from "context" that is how you get you basic five vowel system, similar to Spanish, Japanese, or Sanskrit form a "pure consonant" Semitic language. So it is a way that is more authentic you can pass on to your students interested in writing their names with vowels. So Steeve would be the styv.
But . . . just to be a pain, sorry, it could be for STYB in place of Steve since there is no "V" in Cuneiform. The interesting thing is that the first 3 letters of the Ugaritic alphabet are the same first 3 letters as the Paleo Hebrew alphabet from the first temple period (A,B,G). Anyhow, in Hebrew the B sometimes sounds as a V based on the orientation of the Dilithium crystals in the warp drive ;)
great video. a very interesting subject. Ill have to give it a go myself!
Thanks, my friend! Let me know how it goes!
It went great! I’ve got around ten finished and dried tablets most with my favorite movie and book quotes all over them! I have to say it’s a great way to pass the time and strangely calming and therapeutic. I didn’t even have to spend any money as I was able to find the clay and bamboo locally. Thanks for sharing this great bit of knowledge with the world. :)
BigDirtyUncle That's awesome! I'd love to see them!
perfect video.thanks from video.hi from turkey🙂
Very interesting 👌
Very useful. I will surely use it with my students. Thanks from Italy
Top quality vid keep up the good work
Thanks so much, I'm going to share this with my students.
Can't wait to write "Back in my day we didn't need to make bread" and for my friend to respond with "okay Soomer"
Exactly what I was looking for.
Thanks; this helped greatly with my math history project.
O thank u sooo much sir you helped me too much I have to make project on it and now you helped me so now I will make it and see how it goes and thank u so much once again sir thank you thank you soooo much.
That’s really cool. I study cuneiform in UNI, and it’s awesome to see we can still write it today
Very cool! I am about to get an MA in NELC myself. What uni?
@@yasminturner2605 I started a PhD in Semitic linguistics at Tel Aviv University a few months ago. My thesis will involve the language of the El-Amarna letters, which are written in a dialect of Peripherial Akkadian.
Fantastic!!! Good luck in your studies!! 😎👍
@@yasminturner2605 Hey, I started writing cuneiform and it is awesome! Everyone I show it to, is also fascinated with this. I noticed some of the clay tablets start to crack after they are dry, got any tips on how to avoid this? Also, do you have suggested measures for an ordinary clay tablet?
@@idoroi5124 Awesome!!! Yeah, once people actually see it, they seem to really appreciate it! Cracks are the result of air pockets inside the clay. Check your clay to make sure its perfectly smooth and not grainy first (I tried experimenting once by making clay out of soil that I ground up and filtered myself, and had the same problem). If the clay is decent quality, then make sure you knead the clay very well to get rid of any air pockets. In the past year, I’ve even learned a new method of tablet making that involves rolling the clay into two thin layers with a rolling pin. It works well. Finally, make sure before you start writing that the surface of the clay is perfectly smooth. As you write, make sure the clay stays wet-especially if you’re writing outside or in the sun, it can start to dry out quickly. Finally, after you’re done writing, go over it once more to smooth out any cracks.
For measurements, it depends on the type of tablet you’re making. In ancient times, school practice tablets (called “lentils”), were small, convex disks that were about the size of the palm of the hand-about 6-8 cm in diameter, and 1.5-2 cm thick in the middle. Tablets with small texts were usually rectangular, and about the width and length of a cell phone-about 10-16 cm long, 5-8cm wide, and about 1.5-2 cm thick or so. Larger texts (like mythological texts or letters) were about the size of an average sized book, proportionately, but could vary greatly in sizes.
Very useful Steven, thanks for the video!
Yo Steve thanks a lot. Imma do this with my social studies kids right away.😎👌🏼
Fantastic! Have fun and let me know how it goes! I'm actually considering having several activities on this published and made available to teachers! 😊
Thanks for the videos, man! They were super helpful for learning to make and write with a stylus! ^_^ It's a lot easier than writing them out with a pen! XD
Please send me the link that teaches how to make the stylus. I couldn't find it. Thanks.
Found it: th-cam.com/video/3Hv9BhEZ9e4/w-d-xo.html
th-cam.com/video/3Hv9BhEZ9e4/w-d-xo.htmlsi=T0U3gIQDZawtmTFb
9:42 is when the writing begins...
THANK YOU SO MUCH!
Nice, thanks a lot!
Hi! thank you for this video, I´m really looking forward to doing this with my class 5 at solvikskolan! But I cant find your homepage that you reffering to in the video for the paper with cuneiform. Please write the adress! Best xx Anna
thx
Writing starts at 10:00. Click off audio.
How long do you knead the clay?
Until you need it no more. Lol. I've worked with clay in the past and in general you work the clay with a touch of water until it feels uniformly supple and void of large cracks.
Pretty sure all the writers on ancient sumeria is really educated
Where can I find the letter sheet?
Unfortunately, the website I made is no longer available. I'm currently building a new one. I hope to get a couple of activities like this published and available for everyone. In the meantime, the link below has a good, downloadable letter sheet in Ugaritic. It's not the one I made and have in the video, but it says pretty much the same thing:
bencrowder.net/ugaritic-alphabet/
that Reddit comment I saw was right, it does seem pretty unintuitive until you see it, then it makes complete sense
So that's why cuneiform looks like that, it has to be indentations because it's clay, dragging a stylus over the surface would ruin it. Pretty ingenious.
Bingo! 😁
As an Assyrian I thank you
sumerian were not semetic
@@mesopotamiankurdishgirl6539 Sumer was a city state that rose to power. The ethnic people were Assyrian.
@@sonofakkad They were many ethnic groups in mesopotamia not only sumerians. they were also akadians for example wich were semitic but sumerians were not semitics.
@@mesopotamiankurdishgirl6539 these were all city states of who were the same ethnic race. The other ethnicities were very small and often not even attributed within the government census. Assur came first….there’s a reason they call it Assyriology and not Sumerianlogy. I wouldn’t expect a Kurd to know this. How can you even have Mesopotamia in your name lol….nothing but cultural Appropriation
@@mesopotamiankurdishgirl6539 Cuneiform was invented by Sumerians but used by many other cultures such as the Akkadians, Hittites, Elamites, and Hurrians.
15:13
what would a J be?
Well, the English J wasnt really a thing until in the 16th Century AD it was used as a way to express the dental sound its now used for today (as in “jump”). Before that, it was used as a way to express the I sound as a consonant. Today, in English, we usually use a Y to express that sound. So for example, “James” was actually pronounced “Yames” (if the J/Y consonant was the only difference in pronunciation).
So in short, in this alphabet listing, J is Y. ☺️
how can I write Ali?
As in, the name "Ali"?
If so, then you can use the Ugaritic alphabet chart in this video, and write aleph (the very first letter), lamed and your, or "A", "L" and "Y":
th-cam.com/video/K_ydoapnraE/w-d-xo.html
Where is your website?
Truth be told, I never did it because I didn't expect this video to go anywhere. But here is a link to a site for a Biblical Archaeology class I taught last year. Just look at the Cuneiform Activity, and you'll find all the materials. Sorry for the confusion!
Steven Turner c
@@yasminturner2605 I don't see a website?
@@reggim2975 terranova84.wixsite.com/introbibarch/supplemental-materials
how much did you buy your clay
Well, it of course depends on where you live. In my experience, it's pretty much the same all over the U.S., if you're from the States. Most places you can get various sizes of boxes, ranging anywhere from $4-30, depending on how much you wanna buy. The box I show here was about $25 at Hobby Lobby, if I recall correctly. It's a really cheap activity to do, and probably among the cheapest of hobbies you could have, haha!
You recommended that children "make up their own vowels": May I suggest morse code? Stand the dashes up and use triangles for dots. You can squish the dots and dashes really close so they practically overlap. If you know morse code the letters jump out at you. You could search "mountain morse code" and you will have a serviceable example which can be improved for clay. This will give a dual purpose lesson and simplify cuneiform which requires foreign language examples. Good luck (--. --- --- -.. / .-.. ..- -.-. -.-) might look like this: ||' ||| ||| |'' / '|'' ''| |'|' |'|. Or just the vowels: .- . .. --- ..-
I'm really glad you brought this up! Yes, you could use morse. Myself, I'd actually prefer the Hebrew vowel diacritics system, because both Hebrew and Ugaritic are of the same linguistic branch, neither use vowels and Hebrew has developed the diacritics system for that very purpose. This way it applies a simple solution without implementing a Western concept.
However, I am happy to say that since I made this video, I've earned my MA, and learned both Akkadian and Sumerian; and have since developed a full alphabet for each language based on original signs, which includes vowels. I now teach this at my current job in Kentucky, and am considering having several classroom activities based on this published and made available to teachers.
Спасибо TH-cam рекомендациям. Теперь я знаю, что такое клинопись.
"Abraham used to make"?
Are you for real?
Abraham was from Mesopotamia (Akkadian)
Tbf although I was religious at the time, I am no longer: but even then I didn't mention the name because of my own religious views, but because of the common identification for the vast number of people who recognize the name from the Abrahamic religions in connection with Sumer - including the vast majority of the Iraqi population who live in southern Iraq. Whether religious or not, a good portion of the world's population can identify this name and mentally relate it to Mesopotamia. It therefore is a useful tool to draw a connective relationship for many between the present and ancient Mesopotamia.
In fairness, I cringe now every time I hear that line though: so I definitely share your sentiment.
o my q subber bud!11!1!!!1
W & Y
I'm not sure what you're asking/saying? Sorry...😬
@@yasminturner2605 sorry steve, Meant no disrespect 🙏. I see W as U U & Y: As vowls.
@@mark-edward.9232 Oh, absolutely. No worries. I just didn't understand lol. And I completely agree. The alphabet used is only partially based on Ugaritic, with some minor changes made (including vowels like these) to make it easier for kids to use a a code to transliterate. I also have created a similar transliteration coding "alphabet" based on Sumerian (Ur III period) cuneiform signs. ❤️
@@yasminturner2605 [Wow, Sounds great. One will be busy this week Studying. Thank you for the information. Extreamly great full.
I feel like a kid in a cany store at the moment 😂. ]
Steven Turner who in the hell you think you fooling man cuz you're sure in the hell is not fooling me. With your cuneiform writing. The ancient people of KMT was already using the papyrus plant as writing paper in ancient time. The Hebrew language was invented by a German in 1881 ad/ce. The time it was revived is the time it was invented. Mesopotamia, Sumerians, Babylonians, Abraham, Assyria and Kingdom Israel didn't exist in ancient times. Biblical stories didn't exist in ancient times. Mesopotamia history has no facts just storytelling.
Well, I don’t know what you mean about fooling someone; but you are correct in that Egyptians were writing on papyrus in ancient times. As a matter of fact, it does indeed appear that Egyptian and Sumerian (both hieroglyphs and cumeiform) were invented in close proximity to each other, temporally speaking - the precursors to cuneiform being “invented” ca. 3,400 BCE, while hieroglyphs ca. 3,100 BCE. But assuming these dates are indeed correct, cuneiform is a few centuries older. But in the end, it really doesn’t make any difference: it’s really awesome that these two different kinds of scripts developed independently around the same time period.
My friend, I don’t know about you: but to me, that is really cool, and carries a lot of meaning in itself. ☺️
@@yasminturner2605 You have no facts that some sumer ever existed. No ancient grave sites nothing all you Europeans do is tell stories with no facts (Mesopotamia) some s*** that was named in ad/ce time. Just because the Europeans says summer is older than KMT doesn't mean it's true! KMT has lots of facts of existence! Summer as really no facts of ancient existence! You spelled Steven Turner in cuneiform writing get the f*** out of here!
I’m not sure how to say this, but the Sumerians were not European, nor were they white. Sumer is southern Iraq.
And beyond any textbooks or archaeological journals, I myself have handled several Sumerian artifacts, and have friends in Iraq who constantly share videos of Sumerian cities, archaeological sites, and much much more. But I don’t think this is about evidence or facts, my friend. So I’ll let this go and wish you well. Always keep learning and growing my friend. I will too.
Ah yes because a random person knows more than a man who's devoted a huge part of his life to this work
@@SerbianMoss I am one of those people who have devoted their lives to this study. I have a BA from the University of Memphis in History and Anthropology and an MA in Assyriology from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. I have served in multiple museums and research centers throughout the world. I am also currently applying for a PhD program in Assyriology.
God wills you live you should get the clay from the land, stream, river, etc. You must love Jehovah your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind and with all your strength. You must love your neighbor as yourself. Jesus the anointed is Lord! Repent and be baptized and believe the Gospel.
15:13