Benzene/EAS Complete the Reaction and Synthesis Examples

joechem.io/vid... for video on jOeCHEM and attached worksheet + solution (below video on jOeCHEM aka the link)
Worksheet: worksheets.joec...
Worksheet Solution: worksheets.joec...
Worksheet Solution Walkthrough: joechem.io/vid...
Study Guide: (To be created, but Joe's working on it!)
In this video, we do synthesis practice with benzene and EAS reactions.
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[@cair4742]

This was loki actually rlly helpful.

[@smalliver365]

good video bro but at the end w the synthesis i didnt understand the need for protecting the NH2 and reacting with SO3, i thought i could just add a acid chloride ortho to the benzene with NH2 and be chilling

[@jOeCHEM]

hey @smalliver365! First off, thanks for watching and the kind words.
So it *is* necessary because of the strong basic character of the -NH2 group. Feel free to give this video section a watch (th-cam.com/video/Xvt6yAqwsQ8/w-d-xo.htmlsi=HRmo3kjeg3jhc0rT&t=391), but the short summary is that whenever you expose an -NH2 group to acidic conditions, the very basic nitrogen in the NH2 will be tempted to grab H+, thus transforming the group into an ammonium ion aka -NH3+.
Once the -NH2 group gets protonated and becomes -NH3+, you now have a deactivating, meta director group. So you have to be careful when you have an -NH2 group, so protecting it helps make it LESS basic, allows you to safely introduce acidic conditions for adding the SO3 group, and then you can deprotect it.

[@bethusilegamedze946]

After adding NH2 in the benzene ring, would I be wrong to just go straight to sulfonation then acylation and add H3O to remove the SO3H group.

[@jOeCHEM]

If you go with the sulfonation first, you're going to introduce an acidic environment to the NH2 group, which is basic. The NH2 will be tempted and grab H+, turning it into NH3+, and effectively becoming a deactivating meta group. So I would avoid doing that.

[@mckailafaison5263]

Why would the water molecule not act as the nucleophile when the carbocation is formed?

[@jOeCHEM]

Hey Mckaila! Which problem are you referring to? If you could provide a time in the video that would also be helpful (also, thanks for watching!)

[@kaylalakenny]

YOU ROCK!